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| 1 | 基于IMRT时代的第八版AJCC/UICC鼻咽癌临床分期建议显示文摘目的准确的分期系统对癌症的治疗至关重要。随着癌症分期和治疗方法的演变,需要不断评价分期的适用性和改进性。方法基于第7版AJCC/UICC分期回顾性分析香港和中国大陆2个肿瘤中心收治的1609例接受调强放射治疗的首诊无转移鼻咽癌患者临床资料,所有患者治疗前均行核磁共振分期评估。结果无其他T3、T4期解剖结构受侵患者中,伴有咀嚼肌间隙(翼内肌和/或翼外肌)侵犯、椎前肌侵犯及咽旁间隙侵犯的三组患者之间0s相近。伴广泛软组织(上述侵犯结构以外的软组织)受侵患者OS与伴有颅内侵犯或颅神经侵犯相似。仅2%患者锁骨上窝以上淋巴结转移者直径〉6cm,其0s率与下颈淋巴结转移者类似。用下颈(环状软骨尾侧缘水平以下)代替锁骨上窝并不影响N分期之间的风险差异性。采用推荐的T、N分期,T。N。、T。N,期0s相近。结论经AJCC/UICC分期筹备委员会审阅后,建议第8版分期应将翼内肌/翼外肌从T。降到T:期,增加椎前肌为L期,用下颈取代锁骨上窝,将淋巴结最大直径〉6cm合并归为N,期,将T。、N,期统一归为Ⅳ。期。这些改变不仅使得相邻分期间风险差异性更好,而且使得临床实践性与全球适用性之间达到最佳平衡。 | 潘建基 Wai Tong Ng 宗井凤 Lucy L.K.Chan Brian O' Sullivan 林少俊 Henry C.K.Sze 陈韵彬 Horace C.W.Choi 郭巧娟 Wai Kuen Kan 肖友平 Xu Wei Quynh Thu Le Christine M.Glastonbury A.Dimtrios Colevas Randal S.Weber Jatin P.Shah Anne W.M.Lee | 2016 | 中华放射肿瘤学杂志2016，25，3： | 65 |
| 2 | 农业生物多样性评价与就地保护显示文摘以西双版纳和高黎贡山二个地区农业生物多样性评价为基础 ,提出了户级水平农业生物多样性评价方法 ,以及与景观水平农业生物多样性评价的衔接 ,实际调查的技术方法包括农户选择、样地选择、实地调查等及资料分析的一些技术方法和指标 ,如不同农户间土地利用类型物种相似度分析和管理多样性分析 ,以及不同土地利用类型农户数 -物种数分析。最后提出了以户级水平农业生物多样性评价结果为基础的农业生物多样性就地保护方法和措施。 | 郭辉军 Christine Padoch 付永能 陈爱国 刀志灵 | 2000 | 云南植物研究2000，22，S1： | 48 |
| 3 | Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) signaling in development and human diseases显示文摘Bone Morphogenetic Proteins(BMPs)are a group of signaling molecules that belongs to the Transforming Growth Factor-b(TGF-b)superfamily of proteins.Initially discovered for their ability to induce bone formation,BMPs are now known to play crucial roles in all organ systems.BMPs are important in embryogenesis and development,and also in maintenance of adult tissue homeostasis.Mouse knockout models of various components of the BMP signaling pathway result in embryonic lethality or marked defects,highlighting the essential functions of BMPs.In this review,we first outline the basic aspects of BMP signaling and then focus on genetically manipulated mouse knockout models that have helped elucidate the role of BMPs in development.A significant portion of this review is devoted to the prominent human pathologies associated with dysregulated BMP signaling. | Richard N.Wang Jordan Green Zhongliang Wang Youlin Deng Min Qiao Michael Peabody Qian Zhang Jixing Ye Zhengjian Yan Sahitya Denduluri Olumuyiwa Idowu Melissa Li Christine Shen Alan Hu Rex C.Haydon Richard Kang James Mok Michael J.Lee Hue L.Luu Lewis L.Shi | 2014 | Genes & Diseases2014，1，1： | 47 |
| 4 | 科研数据共享的挑战显示文摘新型科研设备和研究方法的出现造成了前所未有的数据洪流。大量数据以及新型数据分布和挖掘方法激起资助机构、决策者和一般大众对于新的发现和创新的憧憬。众多利益相关者期盼数据可开放获取,然而至今数据共享也仅在天文学和基因组学等少数领域出现。在其他领域,一部分研究者会经常共享数据,其他研究者则从不共享数据,而其他大多数研究者则只愿意在某些时间共享某些数据。因此,数据共享仍是一个难题——一个错综复杂而又困难的问题。科研数据有很多形式,数据收集有很多目的,也采用很多方法,一旦离开了数据最初产生的背景则很难解释。本文以自然科学、社会科学和人文科学为例来分析说明数据类型和数据实践。作者考察了数据共享的4个理由:进行研究再现或验证;使公共资助研究的结果为公众所用;使其他人利用现有数据提出新的科学问题;提升研究和创新水平。因为不同的共享原因、不同的受益人、以及卷入其中的利益相关者的动机和激励,人们对这些理由的认识不同。数据共享的挑战就是理解什么数据应该被共享、被谁共享、和谁共享、在什么条件下共享、为什么共享以及要做什么努力等。回答这些问题将贯穿整个数据政策和数据实践。 | Christine L.Borgman 青秀玲 | 2013 | 现代图书情报技术2013，，5： | 36 |
| 5 | Diverse Roles of Strigolactones in Plant Development显示文摘与根流出物表明那的 strigolactones 的发现触发寄生杂草种子萌芽,然后作为一个分叉的禁止者和植物荷尔蒙, strigolactone 研究的下一个阶段快速在优化植物生长和开发作为一个主要播放器揭示了这个荷尔蒙类。从植物进化的早阶段,看起来, strigolactones 涉及创新植物修改生长以便为有限资源与附近的有机体在竞争获得优点。例如,苔藓植物能响应从一位邻居发出的 strigolactones 改变它的生长。在更高的植物以内, strigolactones 看起来涉及经由生长和开发的战略修正控制资源分发的平衡。最尤其是,更高种那相遇磷酸盐缺乏增加 strigolactone 生产,它改变根生长并且支持真菌的共生提高磷酸盐吸入。射击也由 channeling 资源变化离开非本质的叶子和分支并且进主要的茎和根系统。这神经质的回答是极端地改变整个植物的建筑学以便在多样的环境条件下面优化生长和开发的关键改编。 | Philip B. Brewer Hinanit Koltai Christine A. Beveridget | 2013 | Molecular Plant2013，6，1： | 30 |
| 6 | Signet-ring cell carcinoma of the stomach: Impact on prognosis and specific therapeutic challenge显示文摘While the incidence of gastric cancer has decreased worldwide in recent decades,the incidence of signetring cell carcinoma(SRCC) is rising. SRCC has a specific epidemiology and oncogenesis and has two forms: early gastric cancer,which can be resected endoscopically in some cases and which has a better outcome than non-SRCC,and advanced gastric cancer,which is generally thought to have a worse prognosis and lower chemosensitivity than non-SRCC. However,the prognosis of SRCC and its chemosensitivity with specific regimens are still controversial as SRCC is not specifically identified in most studies and its poor prognosis may be due to its more advanced stage. It therefore remains unclear if a specific therapeutic strategy is justified,as the benefit of perioperative chemotherapy and the value of taxanebased chemotherapy are unclear. In this review we analyze recent data on the epidemiology,oncogenesis,prognosis and specific therapeutic strategies in both early and advanced SRCC of the stomach and in hereditary diffuse gastric cancer. | Simon Pernot Thibault Voron Geraldine Perkins Christine Lagorce-Pages Anne Berger Julien Taieb | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，40： | 30 |
| 7 | 结核分枝杆菌多位点可变数目串联重复序列分型方法标准化操作程序的建立显示文摘目的建立结核分枝杆菌多位点可变数目串联重复序列分析(MLVA)的标准化方法,评价该方法的分型能力、应用价值。方法选取15个位点,采用核酸提取、PCR和琼脂糖凝胶电泳等技术,结合BioNumerics(Version5.0)软件,对中国54株结核分枝杆菌临床分离株进行分型。结果确定标准化的MLVA方法,包括细菌分离培养、核酸提取、PCR、琼脂糖凝胶电泳等实验步骤及标化参数的相关数据分析软件的使用。VNTR位点确定为ETRA、ETRB、ETRC、ETRD、ETRE、MIRU10、MIRU16、MIRU23、MIRU26、MIRU27、MIRU39、MIRU40、Mtub21、Mtub30和Mtub39。结论建立MLVA标准化技术方案,该方法操作简便,分型鉴定能力及实验室间结果可比性强,便于网络化,有利于结核病流行中追溯传染源,分析流行趋势。 | 吕冰 Christine Pourcel 刘敬华 董海燕 张媛媛 蒋毅 刘志广 赵秀芹 万康林 | 2008 | 中华流行病学杂志2008，29，9： | 27 |
| 8 | FAIR Principles:Interpretations and Implementation Considerations显示文摘The FAIR principles have been widely cited,endorsed and adopted by a broad range of stakeholders since their publication in 2016.By intention,the 15 FAIR guiding principles do not dictate specific technological implementations,but provide guidance for improving Findability,Accessibility,Interoperability and Reusability of digital resources.This has likely contributed to the broad adoption of the FAIR principles,because individual stakeholder communities can implement their own FAIR solutions.However,it has also resulted in inconsistent interpretations that carry the risk of leading to incompatible implementations.Thus,while the FAIR principles are formulated on a high level and may be interpreted and implemented in different ways,for true interoperability we need to support convergence in implementation choices that are widely accessible and(re)-usable.We introduce the concept of FAIR implementation considerations to assist accelerated global participation and convergence towards accessible,robust,widespread and consistent FAIR implementations.Any self-identified stakeholder community may either choose to reuse solutions from existing implementations,or when they spot a gap,accept the challenge to create the needed solution,which,ideally,can be used again by other communities in the future.Here,we provide interpretations and implementation considerations(choices and challenges)for each FAIR principle. | Annika Jacobsen Ricardo de Miranda Azevedo Nick Juty Dominique Batista Simon Coles Ronald Cornet Melanie Courtot Merce Crosas Michel Dumontier Chris T.Evelo Carole Goble Giancarlo Guizzardi Karsten Kryger Hansen Ali Hasnain Kristina Hettne Jaap Heringa Rob W.W.Hooft Melanie Imming Keith G.Jeffery Rajaram Kaliyaperumal Martijn GKersloot Christine R.Kirkpatrick Tobias Kuhn Ignasi Labastida Barbara Magagna PeterMcQuilton Natalie Meyers Annalisa Montesanti Mirjam van Reisen Philippe Rocca-Serra Robert Pergl Susanna-Assunta Sansone Luiz Olavo Bonino da Silva Santos Juliane Schneider George Strawn Mark Thompson Andra Waagmeester Tobias Weigel Mark D.Wilkinson Egon L.Willighagen Peter Wittenburg Marco Roos Barend Mons Erik Schultes | 2020 | Data Intelligence2020，2，1： | 26 |
| 9 | 犬粪便棘球绦虫抗原的双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附试验检测法建立与应用显示文摘目的研究双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附检测犬粪便棘球绦虫虫体抗原的方法并评价其在实际工作中的应用价值。方法实验犬12只,分实验组和对照组,实验组用活化绵羊源原头蚴(G1型)作人工感染;感染后0~8周内收集粪便,56d宰杀实验犬,收集成虫;制备成虫抗原和虫体代谢/分泌抗原,蛋白酶K处理抗原并分别免疫成年绵羊和新西兰白兔;绵羊抗血清用80%饱和硫酸铵沉淀、透析,兔抗血清过IgG亲和层析柱,分别获得纯化抗体;观察犬粪便在PBS液中-80℃冷冻3d或在含1%Formalin的PBS液中70℃~80℃加热8h的处理方法对检出结果的影响。运用该方法对四川省甘孜县达通玛区4个乡的580只家犬吡喹酮每6月一次驱虫前后的粪抗原进行监测。结果试验系统的敏感性为92.3%,特异性为80%;粪抗原从感染后的第2~3周可检出;两种样品处理方法都可以灭活虫卵但不影响检出效果;检测方法可同时用于对细粒棘球绦虫和多房棘球绦虫感染的诊断;达通玛区家犬粪抗原阳性率从2000年的50%下降到2005年的17%。结论检测方法具有较高的特异性和敏感性;推荐粪便用加热的方法处理可以灭活虫卵以防止生物污染;该方法可以在基层推广应用。 | 黄燕 Heath D David Antone J Christine 邱加闽 王谦 | 2008 | 预防医学情报杂志2008，24，6： | 22 |
| 10 | Role of liver transplantation in the management of hepatoblastoma in the pediatric population显示文摘Hepatoblastoma(HB) is the most common primary liver tumor in children and accounts for two-thirds of all malignant liver neoplasms in the pediatric population. For patients with advanced HB(unresectable or unresponsive to chemotherapy), combined treatment with chemotherapy and liver transplantation is an excellent option. The etiology of HB is mostly obscure because of its extreme rarity although some inherited syndromes and very low birth weight have been associated with it. The prognosis for children with HB has significantly improved in the past three decades thanks to advancements in chemotherapy, surgical resection and postoperative care. In 2002 a surgical staging system called pretreatment extent of disease(PRETEXT) was designed to allow a universal, multidisciplinary approach to patients with HB. Between one-third to two-thirds of patients initially present with unresectable tumors or distant metastases, but up to 85% of these tumors become operable after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Patients with PRETEXT categories 1, 2, and some 3 are referred for neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgical resection with the goal of complete tumor removal. Classic treatments regimens include a combination of cisplatin, fluorouracil, and vincristine or cisplatin and doxorubicin. Liver transplantation is the only treatment option for unresectable HB. In 2010 the pediatric end-stage liver disease, a pediatric-specific scoring system that determines a patient's ranking on the liver transplant list, began to award additional 'exception' points for patients with HB. We analyzed the Standard Transplant Analysis and Research dataset to assess the impact of changes in exception point criteria for HB on outcomes after liver transplantation at Texas Children's Hospital in Houston, Texas. We found that patients who were listed for transplantation with current HB exception criteria experienced a shorter waitlist time but survival was similar between the two eras. | Saira Khaderi Jacfranz Guiteau Ronald T Cotton Christine O'Mahony Abbas Rana John A Goss | 2014 | World Journal of Transplantation2014，4，4： | 23 |
| 11 | Microwave Synthesis of Large Few-Layer Graphene Sheets in Aqueous Solution of Ammonia显示文摘Few-layer graphene (FLG) sheets with sizes exceeding several micrometers have been synthesized by exfoliation of expanded graphite in aqueous solution of ammonia under microwave irradiation, with an overall yield approaching 8 wt.%. Transmission electron microscopy (in bright-field and dark-field modes) together with electron diffraction patterns and atomic force microscopy confirmed that this graphene material consisted mostly of mono-, bi- or few-layer graphene (less than ten layers). The high degree of surface reduction was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron and infrared spectroscopies. In addition, the high stability of the FLG in the liquid medium facilitates the deposition of the graphene material onto several substrates via low-cost solution-phase processing techniques, opening the way to subsequent applications of the material. | Izabela Janowska Kambiz Chizari Ovidiu Ersen Spyridon Zafeiratos Driss Soubane Victor Da Costa Virginie Speisser Christine Boeglin Matthieu Houllé Dominique Bégin Dominique Plee Marc-Jacques Ledoux Cuong Pham-Huu | 2010 | Nano Research2010，3，2： | 22 |
| 12 | Biomonitoring for traditional herbal medicinal products using DNA metabarcoding and single molecule, real-time sequencing显示文摘Global concerns have been paid to the potential hazard of traditional herbal medicinal products(THMPs). Substandard and counterfeit THMPs, including traditional Chinese patent medicine, health foods, dietary supplements, etc. are potential threats to public health. Recent marketplace studies using DNA barcoding have determined that the current quality control methods are not sufficient for ensuring the presence of authentic herbal ingredients and detection of contaminants/adulterants. An efficient biomonitoring method for THMPs is of great needed. Herein, metabarcoding and single-molecule, realtime(SMRT) sequencing were used to detect the multiple ingredients in Jiuwei Qianghuo Wan(JWQHW), a classical herbal prescription widely used in China for the last 800 years. Reference experimental mixtures and commercial JWQHW products from the marketplace were used to confirm the method. Successful SMRT sequencing results recovered 5416 and 4342 circular-consensus sequencing(CCS) reads belonging to the ITS2 and psb A-trn H regions. The results suggest that with the combination of metabarcoding and SMRT sequencing, it is repeatable, reliable, and sensitive enough to detect species in the THMPs, and the error in SMRT sequencing did not affect the ability to identify multiple prescribed species and several adulterants/contaminants. It has the potential for becoming a valuable tool for the biomonitoring of multi-ingredient THMPs. | Tianyi Xin Zhichao Xu Jing Jia Christine Leon Songnian Hu Yulin Lin Subramanyam Ragupathy Jingyuan Song Steven G.Newmaster | 2018 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2018，8，3： | 22 |
| 13 | 一种鉴定结核分枝杆菌“北京家族”菌株的新方法显示文摘目的研究结核分枝杆菌“北京家族”菌株鉴定的新方法——RD105缺失检测的可行性。方法分别应用间隙寡核苷酸分型(Spoligotyping)和RD105缺失检测两种方法对结核分枝杆菌进行“北京家族”的鉴定,比较分析两种方法进行菌株鉴定结果的差异。结果共对来自北京、福建、新疆和吉林的342株结核分枝杆菌临床分离菌株进行了鉴定,“北京家族”菌株261株,占76.32%。非“北京家族”菌株81株,占23.68%。两种方法鉴定结果的符合度达100%。结论简单、快速的新方法——RD105缺失检测可替代原始经典方法Spoligotyping用于结核分枝杆菌“北京家族”菌株的鉴定。 | 刘敬华 Christine Pourel Yolande Hauck 赵秀芹 刘志广 万康林 | 2008 | 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志2008，28，2： | 21 |
| 14 | Pathophysiology of constipation in the older adult显示文摘This review provides information on the definition of constipation, normal continence and defecation and a description of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of constipation. In addition, changes in the anatomy and physiology of the lower gastrointestinal tract associated with aging that may contribute to constipation are described. MEDLINE (1966-2007) and CINAHL (1980-2007) were searched. The following MeSH terms were used: constipation/etiology OR constipation/ physiology OR constipation/physiopathology) AND (age factors OR aged OR older OR 80 and over OR middle age). Constipation is not well defined in the literature. While self-reported constipation increases with age, findings from a limited number of clinical studies that utilized objective measures do not support this association. Dysmotility and pelvic floor dysfunction are important mechanisms associated with constipation. Changes in GI function associated with aging appear to be relatively subtle based on a limited amount of conflicting data. Additional research is warranted on the effects of aging on GI function, as well as on the timing of these changes. | G Lindsay McCrea Christine Miaskowski Nancy A Stotts Liz Macera Madhulika G Varma | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，17： | 21 |
| 15 | Impact of overgrazing on the transmission of Echinococcus multilocularis in Tibetan pastoral communities of Sichuan Province,China显示文摘背景过度放牧被假定增加是包虫 multilocularis 的中间的主人的小哺乳动物的人口密度,在 Qinghai 西藏高原的牙槽的包虫病的病原体。这研究测试了过度放牧可能支持的假设通过增加小哺乳动物的人口的包虫 multilocularis 传播,在擦伤惯例的西藏的牧剧 communities.Methods 的中间的主人,小哺乳动物索引和狗包虫 rnultilocularis 感染数据被收集分析在用的 nonpararnetric 测试和多重逐步的逻辑 regression.Results 过度放牧和包虫 rnultilocularis 传播之间的关系调查一公社的牧场存在,可得到的牧草为放牧是缺乏的。开(普通) 牧场被过度放牧并且与附近的 fenced 相比有小哺乳动物的更高的洞穴密度(私人) 牧场;由附近的 fenced 区域测量的开的牧场上的这个高过度放牧压力在开的牧场导致了小哺乳动物的更高的洞穴密度。在开的牧场的小哺乳动物的中部的洞穴密度独立地与附近犬的包虫 multilocularis 感染被联系(P=0.003, OR=1.048 ) 过度放牧的 .Conclusion 可以通过增加小哺乳动物的人口密度支持包虫 multilocularis 的传播。 | WANG Qian XIAO Yong-fu Dominique A Vuitton Peter M Schantz Francis Raoul Christine Budke Maiza Campos-Ponce Philip S Craig Patrick Giraudoux | 2007 | Chinese Medical Journal2007，，3： | 20 |
| 16 | Sharing Clinical Trial Data: A Proposal from the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors显示文摘The International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) believes that there is an ethical obligation to responsibly share data generated by interventional clinical trials because participants have put themselves at risk.In a growing consensus,many funders around the world-foundations,government agencies,and industry-now mandate data sharing.Here,we outline ICMJE's proposed requirements to help meet this obligation.We encourage feedback on the proposed requirements.Anyone can provide feedback at www.icmje.org by April 18,2016. | Darren B Taichman Joyce Backus Christopher Baethge Howard Bauchner Peter W de Leeuw Jeffrey M Drazen John Fletcher Frank Frizelle Irish Groves Abraham Haileamlak Astrid James Christine Laine Larry Peiperl Anja Pinborg Peush Sahni Si-Nan Wu | 2016 | Chinese Medical Journal2016，，2： | 20 |
| 17 | MLVA和Spoligotyping用于西藏地区216株结核分枝杆菌临床分离株的基因分型研究显示文摘目的评价间隔区寡核苷酸分型(Spoligotyping)及多位点可变数量串联重复序列分析(MLVA)两种分型方法在西藏地区结核病分子流行病学中的应用。方法收集西藏地区结核分枝杆菌(Mycobacterium tuberculosis)临床分离株,应用Spoligotyping及MLVA两种分型方法进行比较分析。结果共在西藏地区收集到216株结核分枝杆菌临床分离株,采用Spoligotyping分型方法,216株菌可分为3个基因群13种基因型,其中最大的1个基因群即北京家族(Beijing family)含有195株菌,占90.28%。北京家族菌株中,有BCG接种史者占45.64%(89/195),无BCG接种史者占54.36%(106/ 1195),两者间的差异无统计学意义(x^2=0.059,P>0.05)。采用MLVA分型方法,216株菌可分成19个基因群108种基因型,其中80种基因型只有1株菌,占37.03%(80/216),另有136株菌表现出28种基因型,成簇数为28,占62.96%(136/216)。在20个VNTR位点的等位基因多态性发现Miru31位点的多态性最高,多态性指数(h)达到0.77,而Mtub29、Mtub12位点的多态性较差,都低于0.05。其中Mtub02位点可鉴别北京家族和非北京家族,它鉴别的北京家族与Spoligotyping鉴别的北京家族符合率达到100%。结论西藏地区结核分枝杆菌具有明显的接引多态性,其主要流行型为北京家族。北京家族菌株与BCG接种无相关性。应用Spoligotyping和MLVA两种分型方法进行结核病流行病学研究,将提高结核病的流行病学调查和病原学监测效果。 | 石荔 杨敏 Christine Pourcel 董海燕 尼玛彭多 张嫒媛 朗珍 吕冰 蒋毅 魏淑贞 范昕建 万康林 | 2007 | 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志2007，27，8： | 19 |
| 18 | TRPM7 in cerebral ischemia and potential target for drug development in stroke显示文摘为中风治疗寻找有效药理学代理人大部分是失败的。尽管有起始的兴奋,为 glutamate 受体的对手,在 ischemic 的大多数学习受体隧道摸,在临床的试用显示出不够的 neuroprotective 效果。在传统的调停 glutamate 的 excitotoxicity 外面,最近的证据建议很少 non-glutamate 机制,它可以也在服的局部缺血引起离子的不平衡和房间死亡。短暂受体潜力 melastatin (TRPM7 ) 7 是最近作为一条潜在的阳离子流入小径获得了注意的可渗透的、非选择的阳离子隧道在 ischemic 事件包含了的 Ca 2+ 。引人注目的新证据从一在里面 vivo 学习用病毒地调停的基因 silencing 途径在 vivo 在成年老鼠大脑表明了 TRPM7 隧道的那抑制减少的推迟的 neuronal 房间死亡和保存 neuronal 在全球服的局部缺血工作。在这评论,我们将在击象它的治疗学的潜力一样在生理学和 pathophysiology 讨论 TRPM7 隧道的角色的当前的理解。 | Christine You-jin BAE Hong-shuo SUN | 2011 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2011，32，6： | 19 |
| 19 | 卒中相关性肺炎的诊断卒中肺炎共识小组的推荐意见显示文摘背景和目的下呼吸道感染常并发于卒中并对转归造成不利影响。对于并发于卒中的下呼吸道感染性疾病,目前尚无公认的专业术语或诊断金标准,这导致临床诊疗和研究受到影响。本共识旨在提出急性卒中并发下呼吸道感染的标准化术语和可操作性诊断标准。方法对多个文献数据库进行系统检索,经过证据回顾和2轮讨论,最后于2014年9月在英国曼彻斯特召开共识会议,经75%以上共识小组成员达成一致意见后形成共识。结果达成的共识如下:(1)推荐使用卒中相关性肺炎(stroke-associated pneumonia, SAP )作为卒中发病后7 d内发生的下呼吸道感染性疾病的专业术语。(2)提议对 SAP 使用经过改良的美国疾病控制预防中心(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC)诊断标准:①很可能的 SAP:符合 CDC 诊断标准,但复查或动态监测胸部 X 片仍缺乏典型改变;②确诊的 SAP:符合 CDC 诊断标准,且胸部 X 片有典型改变。(3)关于白细胞计数或 C反应蛋白在 SAP 诊断中的作用证据有限。(4)其他生物学标记物(如降钙素原)的证据不足。结论提议根据 CDC 诊断标准对 SAP 的术语和诊断制定可操作性的共识标准,需要在卒中患者中进行前瞻性研究来确定其信度、效度以及对医生行为(包括抗生素选择)和临床转归的影响。 | Craig J. Smith Amit K Kishore Andy Vail Angel Chamorro Javier Garau Stephen J. Hopkins Mario Di Napoli Lalit Kalra Peter Langhorne Joan Montaner Christine Roffe Anthony G. Rudd Pippa J. TyrreU Diederik van de Peek Mark Woodhead Andreas Meisel 范琳琳 宿英英 | 2016 | 国际脑血管病杂志2016，24，2： | 17 |
| 20 | Impacts of Weather Conditions Modified by Urban Expansion on Surface Ozone: Comparison between the Pearl River Delta and Yangtze River Delta Regions显示文摘In this paper, the online weather research and forecasting and chemistry (WRF-Chem) model is used to explore the impacts of urban expansion on regional weather conditions and its implication on surface ozone concentrations over the Pearl River Delta(PRD) and Yangtze River Delta(YRD) regions. Two scenarios of urban maps are used in the WRF-Chem to represent the early 1990s (pre-urbanization) and the current urban distribution in the PRD and the YRD. Month-long simulation results using the above land-use scenarios for March 2001 show that urbanization increases both the day- and night-time 2-m temperatures by about 0.6℃ and 1.4℃, respectively. Daytime reduction in the wind speed by about 3.0 m s-1 is larger than that for the nighttime (0.5 to 2 m s-1). The daytime increase in the PBL height (> 200 m) is also larger than the nighttime (50-100 m). The meteorological conditions modified by urbanization lead to detectable ozone-concentration changes in the PRD and the YRD. Urbanization increases the nighttime surface-ozone concentrations by about 4.7%-8.5% and by about 2.9%-4.2% for the daytime. In addition to modifying individual meteorological variables, urbanization also enhances the convergence zones, especially in the PRD. More importantly, urbanization has different effects on the surface ozone for the PRD and the YRD, presumably due to their urbanization characteristics and geographical locations. Even though the PRD has a smaller increase in the surface temperature than the YRD, it has (a) weaker surface wind speed, (b) smaller increase in PBL heights, and (c) stronger convergence zones. The latter three factors outweighed the temperature increase and resulted in a larger ozone enhancement in the PRD than the YRD. | 王雪梅 陈飞 吴志勇 张美根 Mukul TEWARI Alex GUENTHER Christine WIEDINMYER | 2009 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2009，26，5： | 17 |
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