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| 1 | The Mineral Nutrition of Wild Plants Revisited: A Re-evaluation of Processes and Patterns显示文摘 | R. Aerts F.S. Chapin | 2000 | Advances in Ecological Research2000，，： | 5 |
| 2 | 中国荷斯坦奶牛跛行和飞节损伤的风险因素分析显示文摘为了评估散栏牧场高产奶牛跛行率、飞节损伤与饲养管理、牧场设计之间的相关性,收集了中国34个大中型牧场高产牛群管理和卧床设计数据,如卧床设计、垫料类型和挤奶程序等。对每个圈的所有奶牛进行行走评分(1~5分)和飞节评分(1~3分)。其中行走评分大于等于3分定义为临床跛行,大于等于4分定义为严重跛行;飞节损伤大于等于2分为轻微损伤,3分为严重损伤。中国大中型牧场临床跛行率和严重跛行率分别为(31±12)%(分布于7%~51%)和(10±6)%(分布于0%~27%)。飞节轻微损伤率和严重损伤率分别为(40±20)%(分布于6%~95%)和(5±9)%(分布于0%~50%)。临床跛行率和严重跛行率与牧场的规模有显著相关性。随着牧场规模的增大,临床跛行和严重跛行有降低的趋势,每增加100头牛,临床跛行率降低(0.35±0.09)%,严重跛行率降低(0.15±0.06)%。牧场的新旧程度也显著影响跛行率,尤其是大于9年的牧场跛行率和严重跛行率明显升高。牧场的规模和新旧程度在引起临床跛行和严重跛行的因素中占49%和30%的作用。深槽卧床可降低轻微飞节损伤和严重飞节损伤的发生率(分别降低20.9%和3.65%)。大于9年的牧场飞节轻微损伤率和严重损伤率分别提高16.68%和7.17%。这2个变量可影响飞节轻微损伤和飞节严重损伤的52%和58%。总之,牧场之间的跛行率和飞节损伤率变异很大。良好的卧床设计和管理有助于降低跛行率和飞节损伤率。 | 王艳明 Chapinal N Liang Y Weary D M Wang Y | 2015 | 中国乳业2015，0，7： | 3 |
| 3 | Differing profiles of people diagnosed with acute and chronic hepatitis B virus infection in British Columbia,Canada显示文摘AIM To describe the characteristics of people diagnosed with acute and chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection in British Columbia(BC).METHODS We used data from the BC Hepatitis Testers Cohort(BCHTC),which includes all individuals tested for hepatitis C virus(HCV) or human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) or those diagnosed with HBV or active tuberculosis in BC since 1990.These data were integrated with prescription drug,medical visit,hospitalization and mortality data.HBV cases were classified as acute or chronic according to provincial guidelines.We compared characteristics of individuals by HBV infection group(acute,chronic and negative).Factors associated with acute or chronic HBV infection were assessed with multinomial logistic regression models in comparison to the HBV negative group.RESULTS46498 of the 1058056 eligible BC-HTC participants were diagnosed with HBV infection.4.3% of HBV positive individuals were diagnosed with acute HBV infections while 95.7% had chronic infections.Problematic alcohol use,injection drug use,and HIV or HCV co-infection were more common among individuals diagnosed with acute HBV compared to those with chronic infections and HBV negative individuals.In multivariable multinomial logistic regression models,we observed significant associations between acute or chronic HBV diagnosis and being male,age at HBV diagnosis or birth cohort,South and East Asian ethnicity,HCV or HIV infection,and injection drug use.The odds of acute HBV decreased with increasing age among people who inject drugs,while the opposite was true for chronic HBV.Persons with acute HBV were predominantly White(78%) while those with chronic HBV were mostly East Asian(60%).Relative to Whites,East Asians had 12 times greater odds of being diagnosed with chronic HBV infection.These odds increased with increasing socioeconomic deprivation.CONCLUSION Differences in the profiles of people diagnosed with acute and chronic HBV infection necessitate differentiated screening,prevention,care and treatment programs. | Mawuena Binka Zahid A Butt Stanley Wong Mei Chong Jane A Buxton Nuria Chapinal Amanda Yu Maria Alvarez Maryam Darvishian Jason Wong Gina McGowan Mikhail Torban Mark Gilbert Mark Tyndall Mel Krajden Naveed Z Janjua | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，11： | 3 |
| 4 | Morphine Modulates NFκB Activation in Macrophages显示文摘 | Sabita Roy Kelly J. Cain Rebecca B. Chapin Richard G. Charboneau Roderick A. Barke | 1998 | Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications1998，，2： | 2 |
| 5 | 环境变化背景下北极生物的多样性、分布及其适应性显示文摘生物个体是对气候变化和紫外线B(UV-B)辐射变化产生反应的基础,而且这种反应会在各种时间尺度上发生。北极地区的动物、植物以及微生物种类的多样性从表面上看是低的,而且从北方针叶林到极地荒漠逐渐减少,但其原始物种却很丰富。与这种物种多样性随纬向梯度减少的趋势相反,一些空间分布范围很广的单一优势物神的优势度则呈增长趋势。全球气候变暖可能会减少该地区的物种多样性,并限制到这些物种的分布范围,尤其是在该地区生物分布的北部边缘,一些极地特有的动物和植物种类会面临着灭绝的危险。最有可能侵入苔原地带的物种是那些目前生存在极地外缘的北方地区生物。许多植物都具有自身的特征使它们能够在以下环境中生存;短暂的无冰雪覆盖的生长季节,低的太阳高度角,永久冻结地带及低的土壤温度,贫乏的养分获取条件以及极少的物理扰动。以上这些特征有些可能会限制当地物种对气候变暖的反应,但其最主要的因素是这些物种与那些潜在的入侵物种相比缺乏竞争能力。北极地区陆生动物拥有许多适应特性,这使它们能够适应北极地区剧烈的温度变化。许多动物通过冬眠或迁移来逃避极地地区的恶劣天气和资源短缺。北极地区动物生存的生物环境则相对简单:几乎没有天敌、竞争者、疾病、寄生生物,但同时食物资源也很短缺。极地陆生动物可能对由气候变化带来的温暖而干旱的夏季非常不适应,这种变化将会影响到动物的迁移路线、途中栖息地,并会改变冬季积雪的状况和冻融的循环过程。气候变化还会改变动物繁殖和发育的季节,并会引来新的竞争者、捕食者、寄生生物以及疾病等。极地微生物也能很好地适应该地区的气候:一些微生物甚至在-39℃的低温下还能进行代谢活动。蓝藻细菌和藻类生物有着很广泛的适应策略,这能够使它们避免(至少可以减少)紫外线的伤害。微生物能够忍受许多环境条件,而且其生长周期很短,这些特点将使它们能很快适应新的生存环境。与此形成对比的是,极地植物和动物很可能通过改变其分布范围而不是积极的生物进化来适应环境的变暧。 | Terry V.Callaghan Lars Olof Bjrn Yuri Chernov Terry Chapin Torben R.Christensen Brian Huntley Rolf A.Ims Margareta Johansson Dyanna Jolly Sven Jonasson Nadya Matveyeva Nicolai Panikov Walter Oechel Gus Shaver Josef Elster Heikki Henttonen Kari Laine Kari Taulavuori Erja Taulavuori Christoph Zckler 何永涛 | 2004 | AMBIO-人类环境杂志2004，33，B11： | 2 |
| 6 | The Mineral Nutrition of Wild Plants显示文摘 | F S Chapin | 1980 | Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics1980，，： | 2 |
| 7 | Species-specific responses of plant communi-ties to altered carbon and nutrient availability显示文摘 | Joel G Chapin F S Chiariello N R | 2001 | Global Change Biology2001，7，： | 1 |
| 8 | Gravity instruments:Past,present,future显示文摘 | Chapin D | 1998 | The Leading Edge1998，17，1： | 1 |
| 9 | Performance-based contracting in Wiscon- sin public health: transforming state-local relations显示文摘 | Chapin J Fetter B | 2002 | Mil- bank Quarterly2002，80，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Fire effects on ecosystem nitrogen cycling in a Californian bishop pine forest显示文摘 | Grogan P Bruns T D Chapin III F S | 2000 | Oecologia2000，122，： | 1 |
| 11 | Nitrogen nutrition and isotope differences among life forms at the northern treeline of Alaska显示文摘 | E.-D. Schulze F. S. Chapin G. Gebauer | 1994 | Oecologia1994，，4： | 1 |
| 12 | Preferen tialuse of organic nitrogen for growth by a non-mycorrhizal arctic sedge显示文摘 | Chapin F S5Moilanen L Kielland K | 1993 | Nature1993，361，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Revegetation of an Arctic Disturbed Site by Native Tundra Species显示文摘 | CHAPIN F S CHAPIN M C | 1980 | Journal of Applied Ecology1980，17，： | 1 |
| 14 | Seasonal variations in plant species effects on soil N and P dynamics显示文摘 | EVINER V T CHAPIN F S VAUGHN C E | 2006 | Ecology2006，87，： | 1 |
| 15 | Atrazine:Mechanisms of hormonal imbalance in female SD rats显示文摘 | Chapin R E Stevens J T Hughes C L | 1996 | Funda Appl Toxicol1996，29，： | 1 |
| 16 | Preferentai use of organic nitrogen for growth by a non-mycrorrhizal arctic sedge 显示文摘 | CHAPIN F S MOILANEN L KIELLAND K | 1993 | Nature1993，361，6408： | 1 |
| 17 | Differential expression of alternatively spliced forms of MAP4:a repertoire of structurally different microtubule-binding domains显示文摘 | CHAPIN S J LUE C M YU M T | 1995 | Biochemistry1995，34，7： | 1 |
| 18 | Atrazine: Mechanisms of hormonal imbalance in female SD rats 显示文摘 | Chapin R E Stevens J T Hughes C L | 1996 | Funda Appl Toxicol1996，29，： | 1 |
| 19 | Evaluating the effects of endocrine disruptors on endocrine function during development 显示文摘 | BIGSBY R CHAPIN R E DASTON G P | 1999 | Environ Health Perspect1999，107，4： | 1 |
| 20 | Safety of presurgi- cal targeted therapy in the setting of metastatic renal cell carcino- ma显示文摘 | Chapin BF Delaeroix Jr SE Culp SH | 2011 | European urology2011，60，5： | 1 |
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