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| 1 | Effect of Lycium barbarum Polysaccharides on the expression of endothelin-1 and its receptors in an ocular hypertension model of rat glaucoma显示文摘Lycium barbarum, a traditional Chinese anti-aging herb, has been shown to protect retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in a rat chronic ocular hypertension (COH) model. Here, we investigated the expression of endothelin-1 (ET-1), a strong vasoconstrictor, and its receptors, ETA and ETB, in the COH model and assessed the effects of Lycium barbarum on the ET-1 axis. Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) was induced in the right eye of SD rats using argon laser photocoagulation. (1) The expression of ET-1, ETA and ETB in normal and COH retinas was studied. (2) Some COH rats were fed daily with Lycium barbarum Polysaccharides (LBP) using 1 mg/kg or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) for 3 weeks (started 1 week before photocoagulation). The effects of LBP on the expression of ET-1 and its receptors, ETA and ETB, in COH retina were evaluated. A semi-quantitative analysis of staining intensity was used to evaluate the expression levels of ET-1, ETA and ETB in retinal vasculature. We found that (1) Under COH condition, the immunoreactivity of ET-1 was increased in retina associated with an increase of ETB receptor immunoreactivity and a decrease of ETA receptor immunoreactivity. (2) After feeding COH rats with LBP, the expression of ET-1 was decreased with an increase of ETA expression and a decrease of ETB expression in the retina, especially in RGCs. (3) By comparing the staining intensity in the vasculature of COH retina in LBP-fed group with PBS-fed group, there was a decrease in the expression of ET-1 and ETA and an increase in ETB. In summary, ET-1 expression was up-regulated in the retina in COH model. LBP could decrease the expression of ET-1 and modulate the expression of its receptors, ETA and ETB, under the condition of COH. The neuroprotective effect of LBP on RGCs might be related to its ability to regulate the ET-1-mediated biological effects on RGCs and retinal vasculature. | Xue-Song Mi Kin Chiu Geoffrey Van Justin Wai Chung Leung Amy Cheuk Yin Lo SookjaKim Chung Raymond Chuen-Chung Chang Kwok-Fai So | 2012 | Neural Regeneration Research2012，7，9： | 14 |
| 2 | Inhibition of pacemaker activity in interstitial cells of Cajal by LPS via NF-κB and MAP kinase显示文摘AIM:To investigate lipopolysaccharide(LPS) related signal transduction in interstitial cells of Cajal(ICCs) from mouse small intestine.METHODS:For this study,primary culture of ICCs was prepared from the small intestine of the mouse.LPS was treated to the cells prior to measurement of the membrane currents by using whole-cell patch clamp technique.Immunocytochemistry was used to examine the expression of the proteins in ICCs.RESULTS:LPS suppressed the pacemaker currents of ICCs and this could be blocked by AH6809,a prostaglandin E2-EP2 receptor antagonist or NG-Nitro-Larginine Methyl Ester,an inhibitor of nitric oxide(NO) synthase.Toll-like receptor 4,inducible NO synthase or cyclooxygenase-2 immunoreactivity by specific antibodies was detected on ICCs.Catalase(antioxidant agent) had no action on LPS-induced action in ICCs.LPS actions were blocked by nuclear factor kB(NF-kB) inhibitor,actinomycin D(a gene transcription inhibitor),PD 98059(a p42/44 mitogen-activated protein kinases inhibitor) or SB 203580 [a p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases(MAPK) inhibitor].SB 203580 also blocked the prostaglandin E2-induced action on pacemaker currents in ICCs but not NO.CONCLUSION:LPS inhibit the pacemaker currents in ICCs via prostaglandin E2-and NO-dependent mechanism through toll-like receptor 4 and suggest that MAPK and NF-kB are implicated in these actions. | Dong Chuan Zuo Seok Choi Pawan Kumar Shahi Man Yoo Kim Chan Guk Park Young Dae Kim Jun Lee In Yeoup Chang Insuk So Jae Yeoul Jun | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，8： | 9 |
| 3 | Lycium barbarum polysaccharides related RAGE and Aβ levels in the retina of mice with acute ocular hypertension and promote maintenance of blood retinal barrier显示文摘Our previous study verified the protective effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides(LBP)on retinal neurons and blood vessels in acute ocular hypertension(AOH)mice.To investigate the effect of LBP on the reactivity of retinal glial cells,an AOH mouse model was established in one eye by maintaining ocular hypertension of 90 mm Hg for 60 minutes.Either LBP solution(1 mg/kg)or phosphate-buffered saline was administrated to the mice by gavage daily,starting 7 days before the AOH insult and continuing until the mice were sacrificed for specimen collection on day 4 post-insult.After AOH insult,increased numbers of astrocytes and microglia were observed,together with decreased expression of the following glial cell biomarkers in the retinal ganglion cells of AOH mice:glial fibrillary acidic protein,glutamine synthetase,aquaporin-4,S-100 proteins,ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1,amyloid precursor protein and receptor of advanced glycosylation end-products.After intervention with LBP,the above changes were significantly reduced.Remarkably,morphological remodeling of blood vessel-associated retinal astrocytes,marked by glial fibrillary acidic protein,was also observed.These results,taken together,suggest that LBP regulated the production of amyloid-βand expression of receptor of advanced glycosylation end-products,as well as mediating the activity of retinal glial cells,which may lead to the promotion of better maintenance of the blood-retinal barrier and improved neuronal survival in AOH insult.This study was approved by the Committee for the Use of Live Animals in Teaching and Research(approval No.CULTRA-#1664-08). | Xue-Song Mi Qian Feng Amy Cheuk Yin Lo Raymond Chuen-Chung Chang Sookja Kim Chung Kwok-Fai So | 2020 | Neural Regeneration Research2020，15，12： | 8 |
| 4 | Research advances on the usage of traditional Chinese medicine for neuroprotection in glaucoma显示文摘Progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their axons is the main pathogenesis of glaucoma. The cause of glaucoma is not fully understood, but the neurodegeneration of glaucoma involves many mechanisms such as oxidative stress, glutamate toxicity and ischemia/ reperfusion insult. In order to target these mechanisms, multiple neuroprotective interventions have been investigated to prevent the death of RGCs. Of note are some tonic herbs from the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) pharmacopeia that have shown neuroprotective effects in glaucoma. TCM differs from Western medicine in that TCM exhibits complicated bioactive components, triggering many signaling pathways and extensive actions on vital organs. Modern scientific approaches have demonstrated some of their underlying mechanisms. In this review, we used Lycium barbarum and Ginkgo biloba as examples to elaborate the characteristics of TCM and their potential applications in neuroprotection in glaucoma. | Xue-song Mi Jing-xiang Zhong Raymond Chuen-Chung Chang Kwok-Fai So | 2013 | Journal of Integrative Medicine2013，11，4： | 8 |
| 5 | Lycium barbarum polysaccharides promotes in vivo proliferation of adult rat retinal progenitor cells显示文摘Lycium barbarum is a widely used Chinese herbal medicine prescription for protection of optic nerve.However,it remains unclear regarding the effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides,the main component of Lycium barbarum,on in vivo proliferation of adult ciliary body cells.In this study,adult rats were intragastrically administered low-and high-dose Lycium barbarum polysaccharides(1 and 10 mg/kg)for 35 days and those intragastrically administered phosphate buffered saline served as controls.The number of Ki-67-positive cells in rat ciliary body in the Lycium barbarum polysaccharides groups,in particular low-dose Lycium barbarum polysaccharides group,was significantly greater than that in the phosphate buffered saline group.Ki-67-positive rat ciliary body cells expressed nestin but they did not express glial fibrillary acidic protein.These findings suggest that Lycium barbarum polysaccharides can promote the proliferation of adult rat retinal progenitor cells and the proliferated cells present with neuronal phenotype. | Hua Wang Benson Wui-Man Lau Ning-li Wang Si-ying Wang Qing-jun Lu Raymond Chuen-Chung Chang Kwok-fai So | 2015 | Neural Regeneration Research2015，10，12： | 7 |
| 6 | Modulation of morphological changes of microglia and neuroprotection by monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in experimental glaucoma显示文摘Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1)/CCL2 is a C–C chemokine involved in the activation and recruitment of monocytic cells to injury sites.MCP-1/CCL2 can induce either neuroprotection or neurodestruction in vitro,depending on the experimental model.We aim to use MCP-1/CCL2 as an experimental tool to investigate the morphological changes of microglia when loss of healthy retinal ganglion cells(RGCs)is exacerbated or attenuated in an experimental glaucoma model.While a high concentration(1000 ng)of MCP-1/CCL2 and lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-exacerbated RGC loss,100 ng MCP-1/CCL2 provided neuroprotection towards RGC.Neuroprotective MCP-1/CCL2(100 ng)also upregulated insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1)immunoreactivity in the RGCs.The neuroprotective effect of MCP-1/CCL2 was not due to the massiveinfiltration of microglia/macrophages.Taken together,this is the first report showing that an appropriate amount of MCP-1/CCL2 can protect RGCs in experimental glaucoma. | Kin Chiu Sze-Chun Yeung Kwok-Fai So Raymond Chuen-Chung Chang | 2010 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2010，7，1： | 6 |
| 7 | Modulation of Neuroimmune Responses on Glia in the Central Nervous System: Implication in Therapeutic Intervention against Neuroinflammation显示文摘大脑是处于正常条件的一个 immunologically 给予优惠的地点,这长被知道了。尽管只要有 neuronal 损害或有势力免疫者刺激,有免疫力的回答的串联能发生,大脑怎么把 glial 房间放在一个静止状态,仍然是不清楚的。增加的努力被几作了实验室阐明有免疫力的回答的压抑怎么在 neuronal 环境被完成。抑制因素经由粘附分子或 CD200 受体包括 neurotransmitters,神经激素,神经营养的因素,反煽动性的因素,和房间房间接触。因为上面列出的单个因素都不能充分说明有免疫力的抑制,这评论讨论这些因素怎么影响服的有免疫力的回答的串联。当几个因素贡献有免疫力的回答的抑制时,只要有 neuronal 损害, glial 房间和他们支持 inflammatory 因素的生产的激活确实发生,建议一些 neuronal 部件便于有免疫力的回答。这评论也讨论信号哪个开始或扩充服的有免疫力的回答以便 stimulatory 信号制服镇压信号。证据的增加的线证明了在大脑的有免疫力的回答不对神经原总是有害。简单地在 CNS 变清离开煽动性的因素的尝试不能为在神经病学的混乱的神经原是适当的。在 CNS 的有免疫力的房间的适当控制可能对神经原或甚至 neuroregeneration 有益。因此,理解位于有免疫力的抑制下面的机制可以帮助我们在许多神经病学的混乱对发炎重塑药理学干预。 | Raymond Chuen-Chung Chang Kin Chiu Yuen-Shan Ho Kwok-Fai So | 2009 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2009，6，5： | 5 |
| 8 | Bacterial entombment by intratubular mineralization following orthograde mineral trioxide aggregate obturation: a scanning electron microscopy study显示文摘The time domain entombment of bacteria by intratubular mineralization following orthograde canal obturation with mineral trioxide aggregate(MTA) was studied by scanning electron microscopy(SEM). Single-rooted human premolars(n560) were instrumented to an apical size #50/0.06 using ProF ile and treated as follows: Group 1(n510) was filled with phosphate buffered saline(PBS); Group 2(n510) was incubated with Enterococcus faecalis for 3 weeks, and then filled with PBS; Group 3(n520) was obturated orthograde with a paste of OrthoM TA(BioM TA, Seoul, Korea) and PBS; and Group 4(n520) was incubated with E. faecalis for 3 weeks and then obturated with OrthoM TA–PBS paste. Following their treatments, the coronal openings were sealed with PBS-soaked cotton and intermediate restorative material(IRM), and the roots were then stored in PBS for 1, 2, 4, 8 or 16 weeks. After each incubation period, the roots were split and their dentin/MTA interfaces examined in both longitudinal and horizontal directions by SEM. There appeared to be an increase in intratubular mineralization over time in the OrthoM TA-filled roots(Groups 3 and 4). Furthermore, there was a gradual entombment of bacteria within the dentinal tubules in the E. faecalis inoculated MTA-filled roots(Group 4). Therefore, the orthograde obturation of root canals with OrthoM TA mixed with PBS may create a favorable environment for bacterial entombment by intratubular mineralization. | Jun Sang Yoo Seok-Woo Chang So Ram Oh Hiran Perinpanayagam Sang-Min Lim Yeon-Jee Yoo Yeo-Rok Oh Sang-Bin Woo Seung-Hyun Han Qiang Zhu Kee-Yeon Kum | 2014 | International Journal of Oral Science2014，6，4： | 5 |
| 9 | Rapid re-emergence of YMDD mutation of hepatitis B virus with hepatic decompensation after lamivudine retreatment显示文摘Lamivudine has a high rate of antiviral resistance. Sequential treatment of anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) is commonly used for lamivudine resistance. We report 4 cases of patients with rapid redetection of HBV mutants during the lamivudine retreatment. The four patients received lamivudine as an initial treatment of HBV and adefovir and lamivudine as a rescue therapy consecutively. HBV-DNA level, YMDD mutations and adefovir -resistant mutations (RFMP) were tested every 3 mo during the sequential treatment. All the patients showed YMDD mutations during the initial lamivudine therapy. After adefovir therapy for lamivudine resistance, they showed viral breakthrough. Adefovir was switched to lamivudine, however, it did not induce viral suppression at all, rather increased HBV-DNA with rapid reemergence of the YMDD mutations. All the patients had ALT flares, and hepatic decompensation occurred in two patients. After switching to adefovir combined with entecavir or lamivudine for a rescue therapy, the patients had reduction in HBV-DNA and ALT improvement. These cases demonstrated that lamivudine retreatment of patients with preexposed lamivudine resistance leads to rapid reemergence of YMDD mutation with significant viral rebounds and subsequent hepatic decompensation. Sequential administration of lamivudine in patients with a prior history of YMDD mutation should be abandoned. | So Young Kwon Won Hyeok Choe Chang Hong Lee Jong Eun Yeon Kwan Soo Byun | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，27： | 3 |
| 10 | Diabetic corneal neuropathy as a surrogate marker for diabetic peripheral neuropathy显示文摘Diabetic neuropathy is a prevalent microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus,affecting nerves in all parts of the body including corneal nerves and peripheral nervous system,leading to diabetic corneal neuropathy and diabetic peripheral neuropathy,respectively.Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is diagnosed in clinical practice using electrophysiological nerve conduction studies,clinical scoring,and skin biopsies.However,these diagnostic methods have limited sensitivity in detecting small-fiber disease,hence they do not accurately reflect the status of diabetic neuropathy.More recently,analysis of alterations in the corneal nerves has emerged as a promising surrogate marker for diabetic peripheral neuropathy.In this review,we will discuss the relationship between diabetic corneal neuropathy and diabetic peripheral neuropathy,elaborating on the foundational aspects of each:pathogenesis,clinical presentation,evaluation,and management.We will further discuss the relevance of diabetic corneal neuropathy in detecting the presence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy,particularly early diabetic peripheral neuropathy;the correlation between the severity of diabetic corneal neuropathy and that of diabetic peripheral neuropathy;and the role of diabetic corneal neuropathy in the stratification of complications of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. | Wei Zheng So Natalie Shi Qi Wong Hong Chang Tan Molly Tzu Yu Lin Isabelle Xin Yu Lee Jodhbir S.Mehta Yu-Chi Liu | 2022 | Neural Regeneration Research2022，17，10： | 3 |
| 11 | Extensive frontal focused ultrasound Check for updates mediated blood-brain barrier opening for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease:a proof-of-concept study显示文摘Background:Focused ultrasound(FUS)-mediated blood-brain barrier(BBB)opening has shown efficacy in removal of amyloid plaque and improvement of cognitive functions in preclinical studies,but this is rarely reported in clinical studies.This study was conducted to evaluate the safety,feasibility and potential benefits of repeated extensive BBB opening.Methods:In this open-label,prospective study,six patients with Alzheimer's disease(AD)were enrolled at Severance Hospital in Korea between August 2020 and September 2020.Five of them completed the study.FUS-mediated BBB opening,targeting the bilateral frontal lobe regions over 20 cm^(3),was performed twice at three-month intervals.Magnetic resonance imaging,^(18)F-Florbetaben(FBB)positron emission tomography,Caregiver-Administered Neuropsychiatric Inventory(CGA-NPI)and comprehensive neuropsychological tests were performed before and after the procedures.Results:FUS targeted a mean volume of 21.1±2.7 cm^(3)and BBB opening was confirmed at 95.7%±9.4%of the targeted volume.The frontal-to-other cortical region FBB standardized uptake value ratio at 3 months after the procedure showed a slight decrease,which was statistically significant,compared to the pre-procedure value(-1.6%,0.986 vs 1.002,P=0.043).The CGA-NPI score at 2 weeks after the second procedure significantly decreased compared to baseline(2.2±3.0 vs 8.6±6.0,P=0.042),but recovered after 3 months(5.2±5.8 vs 8.6±6.0,P=0.89).No adverse effects were observed.Conclusions:The repeated and extensive BBB opening in the frontal lobe is safe and feasible for patients with AD.In addition,the BBB opening is potentially beneficial for amyloid removal in AD patients. | So Hee Park Kyoungwon Baik Seun Jeon Won Seok Chang Byoung Seok Ye Jin Woo Chang | 2021 | Translational Neurodegeneration2021，10，4： | 3 |
| 12 | Identification of TRPM7 channels in human intestinal interstitial cells of Cajal显示文摘AIM:To investigate the characteristics of slow elec-trical waves and the presence of transient receptor potential melastatin-type 7(TRPM7)in the human gas-trointestinal(GI)tract.METHODS:Conventional microelectrode techniques were used to record intracellular electrical responses from human GI smooth muscle tissue.Immunohisto-chemistry was used to identify TRPM7 channels in in-terstitial cells of Cajal(ICCs).RESULTS:The human GI tract generated slow electri-cal waves and had ICCs which functioned as pacemak-er cells.Flufenamic acid,a nonselective cation channel blocker,and 2-APB(2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate)and La3+,TRPM7 channel blockers,inhibited the slowwaves.Also,TRPM7 channels were expressed in ICCs in human tissue.CONCLUSION:These results suggest that the human GI tract generates slow waves and that TRPM7 chan-nels expressed in the ICCs may be involved in the gen-eration of the slow waves. | Byung Joo Kim Kyu Joo Park Hyung Woo Kim Seok Choi Jae Yeoul Jun In Youb Chang Ju-Hong Jeon Insuk So Seon Jeong Kim | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，46： | 3 |
| 13 | Knockdown of β-catenin controls both apoptotic and autophagic cell death through LKB1/AMPK signaling in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines显示文摘 | Hyo Won Chang Yoon Se Lee Hae Yun Nam MyoungWol Han Hyo Jung Kim So Young Moon HyesungJeon Jung Je Park Thomas E. Carey Sung Eun Chang Seong Who Kim Sang Yoon Kim | 2012 | Cellular Signalling2012，，： | 2 |
| 14 | MiR-145 functions as a tumor suppressor by directly targeting histone deacetylase 2 in liver cancer显示文摘 | Ji Heon Noh Young Gyoon Chang Min Gyu Kim Kwang Hwa Jung Jeong Kyu Kim Hyun Jin Bae Jung Woo Eun Qingyu Shen Seung-Jin Kim So Hee Kwon Won Sang Park Jung Young Lee Suk Woo Nam | 2013 | Cancer Letters2013，，2： | 2 |
| 15 | In vivo neuronal and astrocytic activation in somatosensory cortex by acupuncture stimuli显示文摘Acupuncture is a medical treatment that has been widely pra cticed in China for over 3000 years,yet the neural mechanisms of acupuncture are not fully understood.We hypothesized that neurons and astrocytes act independently and synergistically under acupuncture stimulation.To investigate this,we used two-photon in vivo calcium reco rding to observe the effects of acupuncture stimulation at ST36(Zusanli)in mice.Acupuncture stimulation in peripheral acupoints potentiated calcium signals of pyramidal neurons and astrocytes in the somatosensory cortex and resulted in late-onset calcium transients in astrocytes.Chemogenetic inhibition of neurons augmented the astrocytic activity.These findings suggest that acupuncture activates neuronal and astrocytic activity in the somatosensory co rtex and provide evidence for the involvement of both neurons and astrocytes in acupuncture treatment. | Xiao-Yue Chang Kai Chen Tong Cheng Pui To Lai Li Zhang Kwok-Fai So Edward S.Yang | 2022 | Neural Regeneration Research2022，17，11： | 2 |
| 16 | Comparison of Hepatic Venous Pressure Gradient and Two Models of End-stage Liver Disease for Predicting the Survival in Patients With Decompensated Liver Cirrhosis显示文摘 | Ki Tae Suk Chang Hoon Kim Seung Ha Park Ho Taik Sung Jong Young Choi Kwang Hyub Han So Hyung Hong Dae Yong Kim Jai Hoon Yoon Yeon Soo Kim Gwang Ho Baik Jin Bong Kim Dong Joon Kim | 2012 | Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology2012，，10： | 2 |
| 17 | Medical training fails to prepare providers to care for patients with chronic hepatitis B infection显示文摘AIM: To investigate physicians' knowledge including chronic hepatitis B(CHB) diagnosis, screening, and management in various stages of their training.METHODS: A voluntary 20-question survey was administered in Santa Clara County, CA where Asian and Pacific Islanders(API) account for a third of the population. Among the 219 physician participants,there were 63 interns, 60 second-year residents, 26 chief residents and 70 attending physicians. The survey asked questions regarding respondents' demographics,general hepatitis B virus knowledge questions(i.e.,transmission, prevalence, diagnostic testing, prevention,and treatment options), as well as, self-reported practice behavior and confidence in knowledge.RESULTS: Knowledge about screening and managing patients with CHB was poor: only 24% identified the correct tests to screen for CHB, 13% knew the next steps for patients testing positive for CHB, 18% knew the high prevalence rate among API, and 31% knew how to screen for liver cancer. Wald chi-square analysis determined the effect of training level on knowledge; in all cases except for knowledge of liver cancer screening(p = 0.0032), knowledge did not significantly increase with length in residency training or completion of residency.CONCLUSION: Even in a high-risk region, both medical school and residency training have not adequatelyprepared physicians in the screening and management of CHB. | Stephanie D Chao Bing-Mei Wang Ellen T Chang Li Ma Samuel K So | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，22： | 2 |
| 18 | Image quality assessment of ultra low-dose chest CT using sinogram-affirmed iterative reconstruction显示文摘 | So Won Lee Yookyung Kim Sung Shine Shim Jeong Kyong Lee Seok Jeong Lee Yon Ju Ryu Jung Hyun Chang | 2014 | European Radiology2014，，4： | 2 |
| 19 | Molecular Features of Colorectal Hyperplastic Polyps and Sessile Serrated Adenoma/Polyps From Korea显示文摘 | Kyoung-Mee Kim Eui Jin Lee Sangyun Ha So Young Kang Kee-Taek Jang Cheol Keun Park Jin Yong Kim Young Ho Kim Dong Kyung Chang Robert Daniel Odze | 2011 | The American Journal of Surgical Pathology2011，，： | 2 |
| 20 | An eight-year study of epidemiologic features of enterovims 71 infection in Taiwan显示文摘 | Chen SO Chang HL Yan TB | 2007 | Am J Trop Med Hyg2007，77，1： | 1 |
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