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| 1 | mm Wave communications for 5G: implementation challenges and advances显示文摘The requirement of the fifth generation(5 G) wireless communication for high throughput motivates the wireless industry to use the mm Wave(millimeter wave) communications for its wide bandwidth advantage. To compensate the heavy path loss and increase the communications capacity, phased array beamforming and massive multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) techniques are employed at both the user equipment(UE) and base stations(BS). Considering the commercial requirements, 5 G mm Wave large array systems should be implemented in an energy-and cost-efficient way with a small form factor. To address above issues and realize a reliable communications link, taking into account the particular characteristics of5 G mm Wave systems, this paper firstly examines the design challenges and trade-offs in system implementations, then some of the design strategies are summarized. At last, recent advance in RF front-end circuits and receiver sub-systems is then highlighted. | Lianming LI Dongming WANG Xiaokang NIU Yuan CHAI Linhui CHEN Long HE Xu WU Fuchun ZHENG Tiejun CUI Xiaohu YOU | 2018 | Science China(Information Sciences)2018，61，2： | 19 |
| 2 | Apatite Fission Track Evidence of Uplift Cooling in the Qiangtang Basin and Constraints on the Tibetan Plateau Uplift显示文摘The Qiangtang basin is located in the central Tibetan Plateau. This basin has an important structural position,and further study of its tectonic and thermal histories has great significance for understanding the evolution of the Tibetan Plateau and the hydrocarbon potential of marine carbonates in the basin. This study focuses on low temperature thermochronology and in particular conducted apatite fission track analysis. Under constraints provided by the geological background,the thermal history in different tectonic units is characterized by the degree of annealing of samples,and the timing of major(uplift-erosion related) cooling episodes is inferred. The cooling history in the Qiangtang basin can be divided into two distinct episodes. The first stage is mainly from the late Early Cretaceous to the Late Cretaceous(69.8 Ma to 108.7 Ma),while the second is mainly from the MiddleLate Eocene to the late Miocene(10.3 Ma to 44.4 Ma). The first cooling episode records the uplift of strata in the central Qiangtang basin caused by continued convergent extrusion after the BangongNujiang ocean closed. The second episode can be further divided into three periods,which are respectively 10.3 Ma,22.6–26.1 Ma and 30.8–44.4 Ma. The late Oligocene-early Miocene(22.6–26.1 Ma) is the main cooling period. The distribution and times of the earlier uplift-related cooling show that the effect of extrusion after the collision between Eurasian plate and India plate obviously influenced the Qiangtang basin at 44.4 Ma. The Qiangtang basin underwent compression and started to be uplifted from the middle-late Eocene to the early Oligocene(45.0–30.8 Ma). Subsequently,a large-scale and intensive uplift process occurred during the late Oligocene to early Miocene(26.1–22.6 Ma) and the basin continued to undergo compression and uplift up to the late Miocene(10.3 Ma). Thus,uplift-erosion in the Qiangtang basin was intensive from 44.5 Ma to about 10 Ma. The timing of cooling in the second episode shows that the uplift of the Qiangtang basin was caused by the strong compression after the collision of the Indian plate and Eurasian plate. On the whole,the new apatite fission-track data from the Qiangtang basin show that the Tibetan Plateau started to extrude and uplift during 45–30.8 Ma. The main period of uplift and formation of the Tibetan Plateau took place about 22.6–26.1 Ma,and uplift and extrusion continued until the late Miocene(10.3 Ma). | REN Zhanli CUI Junping LIU Chiyang LI Tiejun CHEN Gang DOU Shuang TIAN Tao LUO Yating | 2015 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2015，89，2： | 11 |
| 3 | Transparently curved metamaterial with broadband millimeter wave absorption显示文摘We present a conformal metamaterial with simultaneous optical transparency and broadband millimeter-wave absorption for a curved surface. By tailoring the reflection response of meta-atoms at oblique angles, it is possible to achieve excellent absorption performance from 26.5 to 40.0 GHz within a wide angular range from 0° to 60°for transverse-electric and transverse-magnetic waves. In the meantime, by employing transparent substrates,including polyvinyl chloride and polyethylene terephthalate, good optical transmittance(80.1%) and flexibility are obtained simultaneously. The reflectivity of a curved metallic surface coated with the proposed curved metamaterial is simulated and measured experimentally. Both results demonstrate excellent absorption performance of the metamaterial, which is highly favored for practical applications. | CHENG ZHANG JIN YANG WENKANG CAO WEI YUAN JUNCHEN KE LIUXI YANG QIANG CHENG TIEJUN CUI | 2019 | Photonics Research2019，7，4： | 7 |
| 4 | A broadband metamaterial cylindrical lens antenna显示文摘We present a Luneberg-like cylindrical lens antenna experimentally using metamaterials.The cylindrical lens antenna with a broad bandwidth is made up of the non-resonant I-shaped metamaterial structures.The near-field distributions of the metamaterial lens antenna are measured using a two-dimensional near-field microwave scanning apparatus,and agree well with the simulation results.The far-field radiation patterns of the antenna are also presented to show the high-gain performance in the broad bandwidth. | MA HuiFeng CHEN Xi YANG XinMi XU HongSheng CHENG Qiang CUI TieJun | 2010 | Chinese Science Bulletin2010，55，19： | 6 |
| 5 | Prevalence of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus in Uygur and Han populations from the Urumqi and Kashgar regions of Xinjiang, China显示文摘Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV) is the infectious etiologic agent associated with Kaposi's sarcoma(KS), primary effusion lymphoma, and multicentric Castleman disease. It has been shown that high KSHV prevalence and high incidence of both classic KS and AIDSassociated KS are found mostly among people of Uygur ethnicity in Xinjiang, while people of Han ethnicity in Xinjiang have a higher KSHV seroprevalence than those of other Han populations in China's Mainland. However, it is still unclear why there is such geographical and population variation in KSHV distribution in China. In this work, we focused on the populations in the Kashgar region and Urumqi area, where a total of 1294 research subjects were randomly selected to investigate the potential correlation between KSHV prevalence and different ethnicities in endemic areas of Xinjiang, and to determine risk factors that may affect KSHV infection rates or KS incidence. We identified a high seroprevalence of KSHV and high peripheral blood DNA infection in the general Uygur and Han populations in both Urumqi and Kashgar regions of Xinjiang, and determined that advancing age, low education level, and stationary population status affect KSHV infection rates. Further, KSHV-positive Uygur participants were shown to have higher prevalence of neutralizing antibodies and neutralizing antibody titers than KSHV-positive Han participants. | Jun Zheng Yang Yang Meng Cui Zhan-Jun Shu Li-Li Han Zhen-Qiu Liu Charles Wood Tiejun Zhang Yan Zeng | 2017 | Virologica Sinica2017，32，5： | 5 |
| 6 | Broadband transmission-type 1-bit coding metasurface for electromagnetic beam forming and scanning显示文摘Coding metasurfaces make it possible to manipulate electromagnetic(EM)waves digitally by means of several discrete particles.Hence,there have been rapid advances in this field recently.Here we propose a novel design of a broadband transmission-type coding metasurface,which is valid to both x-and y-polarized EM incidences from 8.1-12.5 GHz while satisfies the requirements of 1-bit coding without changing the polarization.Two types of multi-layer coding particles with different geometrical parameters are adopted to represent the digital states'0'and'1',which are easily promoted to terahertz and optics through modifying the size scale.To verify the ability to manipulate the EM waves,we first adopt the coding metasurface to achieve broadband beam forming by converting spherical waves to plane waves and realize high-directivity pencil beam in far field with low side lobes.We further arrange the particles according to the coding sequence 010101…to steer two symmetrical beams in different directions controlled by frequencies with the maximum range of the scanning angle of 30°-50.5°.The good agreements between the simulated and measured results validate the proposed broadband coding metasurface,indicating its huge potential in communication and radar imaging systems. | RuiYuan Wu Lei Bao LiangWei Wu TieJun Cui | 2020 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2020，63，8： | 5 |
| 7 | Three-dimensional large-aperture lens antennas with gradient refractive index显示文摘We propose an accurate method for designing three-dimensional(3D)large-aperture metamaterial slab lens antennas with gradient refractive index(GRIN).According to the geometric optics,Fermat principle,ray-tracing technique and impedance matching,the 3D GRIN slab lenses with large apertures are accurately designed and simulated.With the aid of the efective medium theory,an X-band and a Ku-band conical horn antennas loaded with the 3D GRIN slab lenses of 250-mm diameter are experimentally realized using the drilling-hole technique on the printed circuit boards(PCBs)as the unit cells of metamaterials.Compared to the traditional dielectric lens with the same aperture,the proposed antennas have very good performance with high directivity,and the gain is increased by 2 to 5 dB.Using the same method,we design and realize a huge-aperture GRIN lens in the X band with a diameter of 1000 mm,which is composed of nearly one millions of inhomogeneous unit cells of square-ring resonators and dielectric blocks with drilling holes.Due to the huge aperture size,the electromagnetic ray paths inside and outside of the GRIN lens are verifed and optimized using the ray tracing technique.Measurement results show good performance of the proposed antenna with high directivity. | ZHOU XiaoYang ZOU XiaYing YANG Yan MA HuiFeng CUI TieJun | 2013 | Science China(Information Sciences)2013，56，12： | 3 |
| 8 | One-bit quantization is good for programmable coding metasurfaces显示文摘The information-carrying programmable metasurfaces have found widespread applications in communication, sensing, and other related areas. However, there is a fundamental but unresolved problem,i.e., the rigorous understanding of the quantization of metasurface coding. Here, we theoretically investigate the performance difference between one-bit and continuous information-encoding metasurfaces. To this end,we derive analytical representations of system responses in various cases(single-input single-output, singleinput multiple-output, and multiple-input multiple-output). We analyze the impact of one-bit coding(in contrast to continuous coding) in terms of the resulting channel cross-talk and reduction of information capacity in various representative scenarios from wireless communication and holography. Our main finding indicates that the one-bit coding yields a satisfactory performance in most practical scenarios;we also show that in many cases there are smart ways to mildly relax optimization constraints in order to reduce the performance gap between the one-bit and continuous coding. We expect that our results can provide theoretical guidance for a large variety of metasurface-assisted information systems for electromagnetic waves and other wave phenomena. | Ya SHUANG Hanting ZHAO Menglin WEI Qiang CHENG Shi JIN Tiejun CUI Philipp DEL HOUGNE Lianlin LI | 2022 | Science China(Information Sciences)2022，65，7： | 2 |
| 9 | Theory, experiment and applications of metamaterials显示文摘In this review article, a brief introduction on the theory, experiments and applications of metamaterials is presented. The main focuses are concentrated on the composing meta-atoms, the method of transformation optics, the experimental demonstration of negative refraction, and the realizations of invisibility cloaks and electromagnetic black hole. At the end of this review, some typical applications of metamaterials, including high-performance antennas made of zero-refractive-index materials, inhomogeneous metamaterial lenses, and planar metasurfaces, are introduced in details. | TANG WenXuan MEI ZhongLei CUI TieJun | 2015 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2015，58，12： | 2 |
| 10 | Design of 60GHz RF Transceiver in CMOS:Challenges and Recent Advances显示文摘With more than 40 years Moore scaling, the speed of CMOS transistors is around 100 GHz. Such fact makes it possible to realize mm-wave circuits in CMOS. However, with the target of achieving broadband and power-efficient operation, 60 GHz CMOS RF transceiver faces severe challenges. After reviewing the technology issues, regarding the 60 GHz applications, this paper discusses design challenges both from the system and the building block levels, and also presents some simulated or measured circuits results. | LI Lianming NIU Xiaokang CHEN Linhui CHAI Yuan ZHANG Tao SHI Jun WANG Aili LUO Ying HE Long CHENG Depeng LIU Nan CUI Tiejun YOU Xiaohu | 2014 | China Communications2014，11，6： | 2 |
| 11 | Electromagnetic metasurfaces: from concept to applications显示文摘Electromagnetic or optical metasurfaces, as a kind of quasi-twodimensional artificial interface, are patterned subwavelength structures within ultrathin thickness that interact strongly with electromagnetic waves. The history of metasurface was traced back to the two-dimensional electromagnetic bandgap structure [1], which may be regarded as the beginning of metasurface research. Such metasurface with high impedance has been widely used in reducing the size of antennas and improving their performance. Recently, generalized Snell’s laws [2] have been coined and widely applied to various designs of metasurfaces [3], which pave a clearcut physical foundation for metasurfaces. Thereby, the metasurfaces have been widely deployed in designing new devices to regulate and control the electromagnetic wavefronts. For example, 600-nm-thick TiO2 metalens have been demonstrated to focus the light [4], 105 times thinner than the optical traditional lens with similar performance. Such a metasurface lens is believed promising to replace the traditional optical lens in the future. Hence, functional structured surfaces have become the subject of several rapidly-growing research areas, and demonstrated a lot of useful properties of structure-based devices with customized electric and magnetic responses. | Cheng-Wei Qiu Weixiang Jiang Tiejun Cui | 2019 | Science Bulletin2019，64，12： | 2 |
| 12 | Three-dimensional subwavelength components utilizing THz surface plasmons显示文摘Since surface plasmons(SPs)are not constrained by the diraction limit,they have important potential applications in the optical,terahertz(THz),and microwave components.In this paper,we firstly present a review of three-dimensional(3D) bidirectional and multi-directional THz SP splitters based on the rectangular metallic groove gratings with finite thickness,in which a metallic wire was used to excite the THz SPs.The experimental verifications of such splitters have been implemented in the microwave frequencies,and the measurement results have excellent agreements to the full-wave simulations.To improve the performance,a 3D bidirectional THz SP splitter with the transverse confinement and a 3D bidirectional bending THz SP splitter are then proposed,which have shown very good splitting performance,compact sizes,and better transverse confinement of EM fields.Finally,a broadband slow-wave system of subwavelength thickness is reviewed and a new bending slow-wave system utilizing THz SPs is proposed.Experiments and simulations in microwave frequencies have good agreements,showing the validity of these components. | ZHOU YongJin JIANG Quan CUI TieJun | 2012 | Science China(Information Sciences)2012，55，1： | 2 |
| 13 | Integrated multi-scheme digital modulations of spoof surface plasmon polaritons显示文摘The future wireless communications require different kinds of modulation functions to be integrated in a single intelligent device under different scenarios.Here,we propose a multi-scheme digital modulator to achieve this goal based on integrated spoof surface plasmon polaritons(SPP)in different frequency bands.By constructing switchable spoof SPP units,the propagating wave in the proposed spoof SPP waveguide can be manipulated in amplitude domain,frequency domain,and phase domain.As a proof of concept,the integrated multi-scheme digital modulator is experimentally verified to achieve at least three kinds of modulations,including amplitude shift keying,phase shift keying,and frequency shift keying,in a single digital spoof plasmonic waveguide.The simulated and measured results show that the modulator has excellent property of field confinement and is capable of frequency-domain modulation.Hence,the multi-scheme modulation property makes the proposed SPP digital modulator be an effective and reliable candidate for efficient manipulations of SPP waves and for advanced modulation technology. | Lepeng ZHANG Haochi ZHANG Min TANG Peihang HE Lingyun NIU Liangliang LIU Jiayuan LU Wenxuan TANG Junfa MAO Tiejun CUI | 2020 | Science China(Information Sciences)2020，63，10： | 2 |
| 14 | Directivity enhancement to Vivaldi an- tennas using compactly anisotropic zero - index metamaterials 显示文摘 | Zhou Bin Cui Tiejun | 2011 | IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters2011，，10： | 1 |
| 15 | Substrate integrated waveguide elliptic filter with transmission line inserted inverter 显示文摘 | CHEN Xiaoping HONG Wei CUI Tiejun | 2005 | Electronics Letters2005，41，15： | 1 |
| 16 | Negative refractions and backward waves in biaxiaUy anisotropic ehiral media显示文摘 | Cheng Qiang Cui Tiejun | 2006 | Optics Express2006，14，13： | 1 |
| 17 | Toxic gas continuity diffu- sion algorithm of multi-tanks based on meshing technique 显示文摘 | WANG Hongde CUI Tiejun | 2012 | Advanced Materials Research Vols2012，，： | 1 |
| 18 | Simulation analysis of the shield construction modeling influence based on FLAC3D显示文摘 | WANG Hongde CUI Tiejun | 2011 | Applied Mechanics and Materials2011，，8： | 1 |
| 19 | Electromagnetic Metamaterials:From Classical to Quantum显示文摘Electromagnetic(EM)metamaterials are artificially engineered materials with extraordinary EM properties beyond the limit of existing nat-ural materials;thus,they have been widely used to manipulate the amplitude,phase,polarization,frequency,wave vector,waveform,and other degrees of freedom of EM waves in many practical applications.In this review,we will summarize recent advances in this flourishing field of EM metamateri-als,first from the perspectives of the classical regime and then the quantum regime.More specifically,in the classical regime,traditional EM metamate-rials are based on effective medium theory,and they have limitations of fixed functionalities and an inability to control EM waves in real time.To over-come these restrictions,information metamaterials,including digital coding and field-programmable metamaterials,have recently been proposed to en-able real-time manipulation of EM waves based on the theory of information science.By taking advantage of information metamaterials and artificial in-telligence,another crucial milestone of intelligent metamaterials has been achieved in the development of classical metamaterials.After overviewing EM metamaterials in the classical regime,we discuss cutting-edge studies of EM metamaterials in the quantum regime,namely,topological metamaterials and quantum metamaterials.These nonclassical metamaterials show excellent ability to flexibly manipulate the quantum states,and they extend the clas-sical information metamaterials into the field of quantum information science.At the end of this review,we will give some conclusions and perspectives on this fast-evolving field. | Jianwei You Qian Ma Lei Zhang Che Liu Jianan Zhang Shuo Liu Tiejun Cui | 2023 | Electromagnetic Science2023，1，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Anisotropic and nonlinear metasurface for multiple functions显示文摘We present a novel anisotropic and nonlinear metasurface integrated with multiple functions of diffuse scattering, beam splitting, and normal reflection, which can be switched in real time by tuning the polarization state or power level of the incident microwave. The key lies in the two judiciously designed anisotropic nonlinear particles in subwavelength scales that possess opposite reflection phases under one polarization and the same nonlinear power-dependent reflection phases under the orthogonal polarization. These properties are demonstrated comprehensively via comparisons between their reflection responses, receiving abilities, and nonlinear circuitry behaviors. In addition, both the spatial arrangement and the electrically enabling strategy of the particles are underpinned to pursue the proposed functions, which are verified through numerical simulations and measurements. When the metasurface is illuminated by plane waves coming from the direction perpendicular to it, a significant beam splitting effect is achieved with strong x-polarized incidence,which is switched to a specular reflection when the incoming power decreases. Under y-polarization,a diffuse scattering phenomenon is obtained, which is not dependent on the incident intensity. The study is expected to offer new solutions to many electromagnetic scenarios involving energy transmissions and protections. | Zhangjie LUO Xueyao REN Qiang WANG Qiang CHENG Tiejun CUI | 2021 | Science China(Information Sciences)2021，64，9： | 1 |
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