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| 1 | A concept for multiterawatt fibre lasers based on coherent pulse stacking in passive cavities显示文摘Since the advent of femtosecond lasers,performance improvements have constantly impacted on existing applications and enabled novel applications.However,one performance feature bearing the potential of a quantum leap for high-field applications is still not available:the simultaneous emission of extremely high peak and average powers.Emerging applications such as laser particle acceleration require exactly this performance regime and,therefore,challenge laser technology at large.On the one hand,canonical bulk systems can provide pulse peak powers in the multi-terawatt to petawatt range,while on the other hand,advanced solid-state-laser concepts such as the thin disk,slab or fibre are well known for their high efficiency and their ability to emit high average powers in the kilowatt range with excellent beam quality.In this contribution,a compact laser system capable of simultaneously providing high peak and average powers with high wall-plug efficiency is proposed and analysed.The concept is based on the temporal coherent combination(pulse stacking)of a pulse train emitted from a high-repetition-rate femtosecond laser system in a passive enhancement cavity.Thus,the pulse energy is increased at the cost of the repetition rate while almost preserving the average power.The concept relies on a fast switching element for dumping the enhanced pulse out of the cavity.The switch constitutes the key challenge of our proposal.Addressing this challenge could,for the first time,allow the highly efficient dumping of joule-class pulses at megawatt average power levels and lead to unprecedented laser parameters. | Sven Breitkopf Tino Eidam Arno Klenke Lorenz von Grafenstein Henning Carstens Simon Holzberger Ernst Fill Thomas Schreiber Ferenc Krausz Andreas Tunnermann Ioachim Pupeza Jens Limpert | 2014 | Light(Science & Applications)2014，3，1： | 11 |
| 2 | H pylori infection causes chronic pancreatitis in Mongolian gerbils显示文摘AIM: To investigate whether chronic H pylori infection has the potential to induce pancreatitis in the Mongolian gerbil model, and whether it is dependent on an intact type Ⅳ secretion system. METHODS: Mongolian gerbils were infected with wild type (WT) H pylori typeⅠstrain B128 or its isogenic mutant B128 ?cagY (defective type Ⅳ secretion). After seven months of infection, H pylori was reisolated from antrum and corpus and H pylori DNA was analyzed by semi- nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Inflammation and histological changes were documented in the gastric antrum, corpus, and pancreas by immunohistochemistry. Cytokine mRNA, gastric pH, plasma gastrin, amylase, lipase, and glucose levels were determined. RESULTS: The H pylori infection rate was 95%. Eight infected animals, but none of the uninfected group, developed transmural inflammation and chronic pancreatitis. Extensive interstitial fibrosis and inflammation of the pancreatic lobe adjacent to the antrum was confirmed by trichrome stain, and immuno- histochemically. Pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA was significantly increased in the antral mucosa of all infected gerbils. In the corpus, only cytokine levels of WT-infected animals and those developing transmural inflammation and pancreatitis were significantly increased. Levels of lipase, but not glucose or amylase levels, were significantly reduced in the pancreatitis group. H pylori DNA was detected in infected antral and corpus tissue,but not in the pancreas. CONCLUSION: H pylori infection is able to induce chronic pancreatitis in Mongolian gerbils independently of the type Ⅳ secretion system, probably by an indirect mechanism associated with a penetrating ulcer. | Gabriele Rieder Arno Karnholz Mechthild Stoeckelhuber Juanita L Merchant Rainer Haas | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，29： | 10 |
| 3 | 长宁地区复杂地震活动的力学成因分析显示文摘长宁地区地震活动复杂,发生在长宁背斜轴部的长宁MS6.0地震及其后续中强余震的震源机制与相距仅十几公里的南部向斜区内的中强震具有显著差异;这种差异仅仅是由于发震断层构造不同所造成的,还是孕育地震的应力场本身也存在局部变化?为了回答这一问题,本文在通过双差层析成像反演修正小震定位和波速结构的基础上,利用小震综合震源机制解方法获取了长宁地区地壳应力场的精细结构,并据此分析了其与中强震震源机制解的力学一致性.研究发现,长宁地区地壳应力场的最大主应力轴在整个区域内基本都处于近水平状态,其方位虽由北向南发生了一定角度的顺时针旋转,但也基本保持为近东西向;相比之下,应力类型在长宁背斜轴部和南部向斜区之间存在显著差异——前者为逆冲型,而后者为走滑型.同时,这两个局部区域的应力场与对应区域内的中强震震源机制解的吻合度较高,但与非对应区域内的中强震震源机制解的吻合度较低,甚至在力学上是相抵触的,表明区域应力场的局部改变是长宁地区复杂地震活动的必要力学基础.通过岩石力学估算,本文认为岩石泊松比的横向差异很可能是造成这种应力场局部改变的主要成因.此外,本文还对长宁MS6.0地震序列的发震构造进行了探讨,认为长宁背斜轴部在6~9 km深度内存在基底断层,而正是这种基底断层在区域应力场作用下发生错动导致了长宁MS6.0地震序列的发生. | 胡幸平 崔效锋 张广伟 王甘娇 Arno Zang 史丙新 姜大伟 | 2021 | 地球物理学报2021，64，1： | 9 |
| 4 | Protective effects of ischemic preconditioning and application of lipoic acid prior to 90 min of hepatic ischemia in a rat model显示文摘AIM: To compare different preconditioning strategies to protect the liver from ischemia/reperfusion injury focusing on the expression of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins. Interventions comprised different modes of ischemic preconditioning (IP) as well as pharmacologic pretreatment by α-lipoic acid (LA). METHODS: Several groups of rats were compared: sham operated animals, non-pretreated animals (nt), animals receiving IP (10 min of ischemia by clamping of the portal triad and 10 min of reperfusion) prior to sustained ischemia, animals receiving selective ischemic preconditioning (IPsel, 10 min of ischemia by selective clamping of the ischemic lobe and 10 min of reperfusion) prior to sustained ichemia, and animals receiving 500 μmol α-LA injected i.v. 15 min prior to the induction of 90 min of selective ischemia. RESULTS: Cellular damage was decreased only in the LA group. TUNEL-positive hepatocytes as well as necrotic hepatocyte injury were also decreased only by LA (19 ± 2 vs 10 ± 1, P < 0.05 and 29 ± 5 vs 12 ± 1, P < 0.05). Whereas caspase 3- activities in liver tissue were unchanged, caspase 9- activity in liver tissue was decreased only by LA pretreatment (3.1 ± 0.3 vs 1.8 ± 0.2, P < 0.05). Survival rate as the endpoint of liver function was increased after IP and LA pretreatment but not after IPsel. Levels of lipid peroxidation (LPO) in liver tissue were decreased in the IP as well as in the LA group compared to the nt group. Determination of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins showed a shift towardsanti-apoptotic proteins by LA. In contrast, both our IP strategies failed to influence apototic cell death. CONCLUSION: IP, consisting of 10 min of ischemia and 10 min of reperfusion, protects only partly against ischemia/reperfusion injury of the liver prior to 90 min of selective ischemia. IPsel did not influence ischemic tolerance of the liver. LA improved tolerance to ischemia, possibly by downregulation of pro-apoptotic Bax. | Friedrich Duenschede Kirsten Erbes Nina Riegler Patrick Ewald Achim Kircher Stefanie Westermann Arno Schad Imke Miesmer Simon Albrecht-Schck Ines Gockel Alexandra K Kiemer Theodor Junginger | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，27： | 8 |
| 5 | Intravenous immunoglobulins in liver transplant patients: Perspectives of clinical immune modulation显示文摘Shortage of appropriate donor grafts is the foremost current problem in organ transplantation. As a logical consequence, waiting times have extended and pretransplant mortality rates were significantly increasing. The implementation of a priority-based liver allocation system using the model of end-stage liverdisease(MELD) score helped to reduce waiting list mortality in liver transplantation(LT). However, due to an escalating organ scarcity, pre-LT MELD scores have significantly increased and liver recipients became more complex in recent years. This has finally led to posttransplant decreasing survival rates, attributed mainly to elevated rates of infectious and immunologic complications. To meet this challenging development, an increasing number of extended criteria donor grafts are currently accepted, which may, however, aggravate the patients' infectious and immunologic risk profiles. The administration of intravenous immunoglobulins(IVIg) is an established treatment in patients with immune deficiencies and other antibody-mediated diseases. In addition, IVIg was shown to be useful in treatment of several disorders caused by deterioration of the cellular immune system. It proved to be effective in preventing hyperacute rejection in highly sensitized kidney and heart transplants. In the liver transplant setting, the administration of specific Ig against hepatitis B virus is current standard in post-LT antiviral prophylaxis. The mechanisms of action of IVIg are complex and not fully understood. However, there is increasing experimental and clinical evidence that IVIg has an immuno-balancing impact by a combination of immuno-supporting and immuno-suppressive properties. It may be suggested that, especially in the context of a worsening organ shortage with all resulting clinical implications, liver transplant patients should benefit from immuno-regulatory capabilities of IVIg. In this review, perspectives of immune modulation by IVIg and impact on outcome in liver transplant patients are described. | Arno Kornberg | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，11： | 6 |
| 6 | Prevalence of the Metabolic Syndrome Among Employees in Northeast China显示文摘 | Xin Wang Fang Yang Michiel L Bots Wei.Ying Guo Bing Zhao Arno W Hoes Ilonca Vaartjes | 2015 | Chinese Medical Journal2015，，15： | 6 |
| 7 | Reduction of ischemia reperfusion injury after liver resection and hepatic inflow occlusion by α-lipoic acid in humans显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the protective effects of precondition- ing by α-lipoic acid (LA) in patients undergoing hepatic resection under inflow occlusion of the liver. METHODS: Twenty-four patients undergoing liver re- section for various reasons either received 600 mg LA or NaCl 15 min before transection performed under inflow occlusion of the liver. Blood samples and liver wedge bi- opsy samples were obtained after opening of the abdo- men immediately after inflow occlusion of the liver, and 30 min after the end of inflow occlusion of the liver. RESULTS: Serum levels of aspartate transferase and alanine transferase were reduced at all time points in patients who received LA in comparison to those who received NaCL. This was accompanied by reduced histo- morphological features of oncosis. We observed TUNEL- positive hepatocytes in the livers of the untreated patients, especially after 30 min of ischemia. LA attenu- ated this increase of TUNEL-positive hepatocytes. Under preconditioning with LA, ATP content was significantly enhanced after 30 min of ischemia and after 30 min of reperfusion. CONCLUSION: This is the first report on the poten- tial for LA reducing ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) of the liver in humans who were undergoing liver surgery. Beside its simple and rapid application, side effects did not occur. LA might therefore represent a new strategy against hepatic IRI in humans. | Fritz Dünschede Kirsten Erbes Achim Kircher Stefanie Westermann Joachim Seifert Arno Schad Kempski Oliver Alexandra K Kiemer Junginger Theodor | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，42： | 6 |
| 8 | Bcl-x_L and Myeloid cell leukaemia-1 contribute to apoptosis resistance of colorectal cancer cells显示文摘AIM: To explore the role of Bcl-xL and Myeloid cell leukaemia (Mcl)-1 for the apoptosis resistance of colorectal carcinoma (CRC) cells towards current treat-ment modalities. METHODS: Bcl-xL and Mcl-1 mRNA and protein ex-pression were analyzed in CRC cell lines as well as human CRC tissue by Western blot,quantitative PCRand immunohistochemistry. Bcl-xL and Mcl-1 protein expression was knocked down or increased in CRC cell lines by applying specific siRNAs or expression plas-mids,respectively. After modulation of protein expres-sion,CRC cells were treated with chemotherapeutic agents,an antagonistic epidermal growth factor recep-tor (EGFR1) antibody,an EGFR1 tyrosine kinase inhibi-tor,or with the death receptor ligand TRAIL. Apoptosis induction and cell viability were analyzed. RESULTS: Here we show that in human CRC tis-sue and various CRC cell lines both Bcl-xL and Mcl-1 are expressed. Bcl-xL expression was higher in CRC tissue than in surrounding non-malignant tissue,both on protein and mRNA level. Mcl-1 mRNA expression was significantly lower in ma-lignant tissues. However,protein expression was slightly higher. Viability rates of CRC cells were significantly decreased after knock down of Bcl-xL expression,and,to a lower extent,after knock down of Mcl-1 expression. Furthermore,cells with reduced Bcl-xL or Mcl-1 expression was more sensitive towards oxaliplatin-and irinotecan-induced apoptosis,and in the case of Bcl-xL also towards 5-FU-induced apoptosis. On the other hand,upregulation of Bcl-xL by transfec-tion of an expression plasmid decreased chemothera-peutic drug-induced apoptosis. EGF treatment clearly induced Bcl-xL and Mcl-1 expression in CRC cells. Apop-tosis induction upon EGFR1 blockage by cetuximab or PD168393 was increased by inhibiting Mcl-1 and Bcl-xL expression. More strikingly,CD95-and TRAIL-induced apoptosis was increased by Bcl-xL knock down. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that Bcl-xL and,to a lower extent,Mcl-1,are important anti-apoptotic factors in CRC. Specific downregulation of Bcl-xL is a promising approach to sensitize CRC cells towards chemotherapy and targeted therapy. | Henning Schulze-Bergkamen Roland Ehrenberg Lothar Hickmann Binje Vick Toni Urbanik Christoph C Schimanski Martin R Berger Arno Schad Achim Weber Steffen Heeger Peter R Galle Markus Moehler | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，24： | 4 |
| 9 | Exploring new avenues in high repetition rate table-top coherent extreme ultraviolet sources显示文摘The process of high harmonic generation(HHG)enables the development of table-top sources of coherent extreme ultraviolet(XUV)light.Although these are now matured sources,they still mostly rely on bulk laser technology that limits the attainable repetition rate to the low kilohertz regime.Moreover,many of the emerging applications of such light sources(e.g.,photoelectron spectroscopy and microscopy,coherent diffractive imaging,or frequency metrology in the XUV spectral region)require an increase in the repetition rate.Ideally,these sources are operated with a multi-MHz repetition rate and deliver a high photon flux simultaneously.So far,this regime has been solely addressed using passive enhancement cavities together with low energy and high repetition rate lasers.Here,a novel route with significantly reduced complexity(omitting the requirement of an external actively stabilized resonator)is demonstrated that achieves the previously mentioned demanding parameters.A krypton-filled Kagome photonic crystal fiber is used for efficient nonlinear compression of 9 μJ,250 fs pulses leading to,7 μJ,31 fs pulses at 10.7 MHz repetition rate.The compressed pulses are used for HHG in a gas jet.Particular attention is devoted to achieving phase-matched(transiently)generation yielding.10^(13) photons s^(-1)(.50 μW)at 27.7 eV.This new spatially coherent XUV source improved the photon flux by four orders of magnitude for direct multi-MHZ experiments,thus demonstrating the considerable potential of this source. | Steffen Hadrich Manuel Krebs Armin Hoffmann Arno Klenke Jan Rothhardt Jens Limpert Andreas Tunnermann | 2015 | Light(Science & Applications)2015，4，1： | 4 |
| 10 | Efficacy of a Nationwide Screening Colonoscopy Program for Colorectal Cancer显示文摘 | Christian P. Pox Lutz Altenhofen Hermann Brenner Arno Theilmeier Dominik Von Stillfried Wolff Schmiegel | 2012 | Gastroenterology2012，，7： | 3 |
| 11 | The β-lactam antibiotic, ceftriaxone, dramatically improves survival, increases glutamate uptake and induces neurotrophins in stroke显示文摘 | Christa Th?ne-Reineke Christian Neumann Pawel Namsolleck Kristin Schmerbach Maxim Krikov Jan H Schefe Kristin Lucht Heide H?rtnagl Michael Godes Susanne Müller Kay Rumschüssel Heiko Funke-Kaiser Arno Villringer U Muscha Steckelings Thomas Unger | 2008 | Journal of Hypertension2008，，12： | 2 |
| 12 | 巨獭(Pteronura brasiliensis)处境危险吗?秘鲁鱼体和水獭粪便中总汞和甲基汞水平显示文摘本文对秘鲁马努国家公园(Manu National Park)及其邻近的一个金矿区内的鱼的肌肉和巨獭(Pteronura brasiliensis)粪便中的汞和甲基汞水平进行了分析。68%的鱼肌肉中,总汞水平超过了规定的欧洲水獭(Lutra lutra)最大忍受水平(0.1mg/kg鱼鲜重),17.6%超过了最一般的人类消费标准0.5mg/kg鱼鲜重。鱼肌肉中甲基汞与总汞的比值在61.3%~96.9%之间。水獭粪便中没有检出甲基汞而只有微量的无机汞。目前还没有巨獭组织汞浓度的有关数据,但鱼体汞水平大比例超过欧洲水獭的可忍受值,根据过去对欧洲和北美自由生活的水獭的汞中毒的描述,可以设想巨獭体内汞中毒的危险可能存在。 | Arno Christian Gutleb Christof Schenck Elke Staib 张国梁 | 1997 | 人类环境杂志1997，26，8： | 2 |
| 13 | Effects of conventional and problem‐based learning on clinical and general competencies and career development显示文摘 | JankeCohen‐Schotanus Arno M MMuijtjens JohannaSch?nrock‐Adema JelleGeertsma Cees P MVan Der Vleuten | 2008 | Medical Education2008，，3： | 2 |
| 14 | 光敏剂间-四羟基苯二氢卟酚及其复合物对人T淋巴细胞白血病细胞的作用显示文摘目的 观察光敏剂间-四羟基苯二氢卟酚(mTHPC)及其复合物HSA-mTHPC对人T淋巴细胞白血病细胞(Jurkat)的作用,探讨人血白蛋白(HSA)纳米颗粒作为mTHPC载体的可行性.方法 利用流式细胞仪测定Jurkat细胞对mTHPC及HSA-mTHPC的摄取率,通过测定不同浓度mTHPC及HSA-mTHPC孵育Jurkat细胞后的存活率、细胞膜完整性和增殖率,评价两种药物的摄取率和细胞毒性.结果 浓度1.0 mg/L,孵育4、24 h Jurkat细胞的摄取率为:mTHPC单体:98.07%、99.07% HSA-mTHPG中mTHPC:98.13%、99.19% HSA单体:2.77%、4.84%.光照后Jurkat细胞活性和增殖率呈显著剂量、时间依赖的下降,mTHPC浓度为1.0 mg/L时,4、24、48 h存活率和增殖率分别为13.27%、5.46%、4.99%和2.68%、0.91%、0.62%,HSA-mTHPC对细胞生长和增殖的抑制与mTHPC单体比较未见下降(P>0.05).光照后LDH活性呈现显著剂量、时间依赖的上升,mTHPC浓度为1.0mg/L时,4、24、48 h LDH活性分别为:80.99%、99.38%、100.67%.结论 mTHPC是一种杀伤力强的光敏剂型,能有效进入肿瘤细胞,并导致细胞损害.HSA纳米颗粒不影响细胞对mTHPC的摄取,可以作为其载体. | 郑顺贞 Karin Low Matthis Wacker Arno Wiehe Sylvia Wagner Klaus Langer Hagen von Briesen 邹声泉 | 2010 | 中华实验外科杂志2010，27，10： | 2 |
| 15 | The Adaptive Solar Facade: From concept to prototypes显示文摘 | Zoltan Nasy Bratislav Svetozarevic Praseeth Jayathissa Moritz Begle Johannes Hofer Gearoid Lydon Anja Willmann Arno Schlueter | 2016 | Frontiers of Architectural Research2016，5，2： | 2 |
| 16 | Real-Time Three-Dimensional Echocardiography: Segmental Analysis of the Right Ventricle in Patients with Repaired Tetralogy of Fallot显示文摘 | Annelies E. van der Hulst Arno A.W. Roest Eduard R. Holman Albert de Roos Nico A. Blom Jeroen J. Bax Victoria Delgado | 2011 | Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography2011，，11： | 2 |
| 17 | Incidental congenital coronary artery vascular fistulas in adults:Evaluation with adenosine-13N-ammonia PET-CT显示文摘AIM To assess the functionality of congenital coronary artery fistulas(CAFs) using adenosine stress ^(13)N-ammonia positron emission tomography computed tomography(PET-CT).METHODS Congenital CAFs were incidentally detected during coronary angiography(CAG) procedures in 11 adult patients(six males and five females) with a mean age of 64.3 years(range 41-81). Patients were collected from three institutes in the Netherlands. The characteristics of the fistulas(origin, pathway and termination), multiplicity of the origins and pathways of the fistulous vessels were assessed by CAG. Five patients underwent adenosine pharmacologic stress ^(13)N-ammonia PET-CT to assess myocardial perfusion and the functional behavior of the fistula. RESULTS Eleven patients with 12 CAFs, 10 unilateral and one bilateral, originating from the left anterior descending coronary artery(n = 8), right coronary artery(n = 2) and circumflex(n = 2). All fistulas were of the vascular type, terminating into either the pulmonary artery(n = 11) or coronary sinus(n = 1). The CAG delineated the characteristics of the fistula(origin, pathway and termination). Multiplicity of the origins and pathways of the fistulous vessels were common in most fistulas(8/12, 67% and 9/12, 75%, respectively). Multiplicity was common among the different fistula components(23/36, 64%). Adenosine pharmacologic stress ^(13)N-ammonia PET-CT revealed normal myocardial perfusion and ejection fraction in all but one patient, who showed a reduced ejection fraction.CONCLUSION PET-CT may be helpful for assessing the functional status of congenital CAFs in selected patients regarding clinical decision-making. Studies with a larger patient series are warranted. | Salah AM Said Aly Agool Arno HM Moons Mounir WZ Basalus Nils RL Wagenaar Rogier LG Nijhuis Jutta M Schroeder-Tanka Riemer HJA Slart | 2018 | World Journal of Cardiology2018，10，10： | 2 |
| 18 | Chronic hepatitis C:Treat or wait? Medical decision making in clinical practice显示文摘AIM:To analyzes the decision whether patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are treated or not.METHODS:This prospective cohort study included 7658 untreated patients and 6341 patients receiving pegylated interferon α2 a/ribavirin,involving 434 physicians/institutions throughout Germany (377 in private practice and 57 in hospital settings).A structured questionnaire had to be answered prior to the treatment decision,which included demographic data,information about the personal life situation of the patients,anamnesis and symptomatology of hepatitis C,virological data,laboratory data and data on concomitant diseases.A second part of the study analyzes patients treated with pegylated interferon α2a.All questionnaires included reasons against treatment mentioned by the physician.RESULTS:Overall treatment uptake was 45%.By multivariate analysis,genotype 1/4/5/6,HCV-RNA ≤ 520 000 IU/mL,normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT),platelets ≤ 142 500/μL,age > 56 years,female gender,infection length > 12.5 years,concomitant diseases,human immunodeficiency virus co-infection,liver biopsy not performed,care in private practice,asymptomatic disease,and unemployment were factors associated with reduced treatment rate.Treatment and sustained viral response rates in migrants (1/3 of cohort) were higher than in German natives although 1/3 of migrants had language problems.Treatment rate and liver biopsy were higher in clinical settings when compared to private practice and were low when ALT and HCV-RNA were low.CONCLUSION:Some reasons against treatment were medically based whereas others were related to fears,socio-economical problems,and information deficits both on the side of physicians and patients. | Claus Niederau Dietrich Hüppe Elmar Zehnter Bernd Mller Renate Heyne Stefan Christensen Rainer Pfaff Arno Theilmeier Ulrich Alshuth Stefan Mauss | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，12： | 2 |
| 19 | A practical,efficient,and atom economic alternative to the Wittig and Horner-Wads worth-Emmons reactions for the synthesis of(E)-α,,β-unsaturated esters from aldehydes显示文摘 | Benjamin L ist Arno Doehring Maria T | 2006 | Tetrahedron2006，62，： | 1 |
| 20 | Heat - shnek protein 60 - reactive CD4^+ CD28 null T cells in patients with acute coronary syndromes 显示文摘 | Zal B Kaski JC Arno G | 2004 | Circulation2004，109，10： | 1 |
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