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| 1 | Pathogenic mechanisms of pancreatitis显示文摘Pancreatitis is inflammation of pancreas and caused by a number of factors including pancreatic duct obstruction, alcoholism, and mutation in the cationic trypsinogen gene. Pancreatitis is represented as acute pancreatitis with acute inflammatory responses and; chronic pan-creatitis characterized by marked stroma formation with a high number of infiltrating granulocytes(such as neutrophils, eosinophils), monocytes, macrophages and pancreatic stellate cells(PSCs). These inflammatory cells are known to play a central role in initiating and promoting inflammation including pancreatic fibrosis, i.e., a major risk factor for pancreatic cancer. A number of inflammatory cytokines are known to involve in pro-moting pancreatic pathogenesis that lead pancreatic fibrosis. Pancreatic fibrosis is a dynamic phenomenon that requires an intricate network of several autocrine and paracrine signaling pathways. In this review, we have provided the details of various cytokines and molecular mechanistic pathways(i.e., Transforming growth factor-β/SMAD, mitogen--activated protein kinases, Rho kinase, Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators, and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase) that have a critical role in the activation of PSCs to promote chronic pancreatitis and trigger the phenomenon of pancreatic fibrogenesis. In this review of literature, we discuss the involvement of several pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as in interleukin(IL)-1, IL-1β, IL-6, IL--8 IL-10, IL-18, IL--33 and tumor necrosis factor-α, in the pathogenesis of disease. Our review also highlights the significance of several experimental animal models that have an important role in dissecting the mechanistic pathways operating in the development of chronic pancreatitis, including pancreatic fibrosis. Additionally, we provided several intermediary molecules that are involved in major signaling pathways that might provide target molecules for future therapeutic treatment strategies for pancreatic pathogenesis. | Murli Manohar Alok Kumar Verma Sathisha Upparahalli Venkateshaiah Nathan L Sanders Anil Mishra | 2017 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics2017，8，1： | 21 |
| 2 | All ileo-cecal ulcers are not Crohn's:Changing perspectives of symptomatic ileocecal ulcers显示文摘AIM To investigated clinical,endoscopic and histopathological parameters of the patients presenting with ileocecal ulcers on colonoscopy.METHODS Consecutive symptomatic patients undergoing colonoscopy,and diagnosed to have ulcerations in the ileocecal(I/C) region,were enrolled.Biopsy was obtained and theirclinical presentation and outcome were recorded.RESULTS Out of 1632 colonoscopies,104 patients had ulcerations in the I/C region and were included in the study.Their median age was 44.5 years and 59% were males.The predominant presentation was lower GI bleed(55,53%),pain abdomen ± diarrhea(36,35%),fever(32,31%),and diarrhea alone(9,9%).On colonoscopy,terminal ileum was entered in 96(92%) cases.The distribution of ulcers was as follows:Ileum alone 40%(38/96),cecum alone 33%(32/96),and both ileum plus cecum 27%(26/96).The ulcers were multiple in 98% and in 34% there were additional ulcers elsewhere in colon.Based on clinical presentation and investigations,the etiology of ulcers was classified into infective causes(43%) and noninfective causes(57%).Fourteen patients(13%) were diagnosed to have Crohn's disease(CD).CONCLUSION Non-specific ileocecal ulcers are most common ulcers seen in ileo-cecal region.And if all infections are clubbed together then infection is the most common(> 40%) cause of ulcerations of the I/C region.Cecal involvement and fever are important clues to infective cause.On the contrary CD account for only 13% cases as a cause of ileo-cecalulcers.So all symptomatic patients with I/C ulcers on colonoscopy are not Crohn's. | Jay Toshniwal Romesh Chawlani Amit Thawrani Rajesh Sharma Anil Arora Hardik L Kotecha Mohan Goyal Vijendra Kirnake Pankaj Jain Pankaj Tyagi Naresh Bansal Munish Sachdeva Piyush Ranjan Mandhir Kumar Praveen Sharma Vikas Singla Rinkesh Bansal Vineet Shah Sunita Bhalla Ashish Kumar | 2017 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2017，9，7： | 5 |
| 3 | Acute surgical emergencies in inflammatory bowel disease显示文摘 | Dale F Berg Anil M Bahadursingh Donald L Kaminski Walter E Longo | 2002 | The American Journal of Surgery2002，，： | 2 |
| 4 | Troglitazone prevents and dexamethasone induced insulin resistance on glycogen synthesis in 3T3 adipocyte 显示文摘 | Anil Kumar K L Marita A R | 2000 | Br J Pharmacol2000，130，： | 1 |
| 5 | Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Environment-friendly 'green' Plastics from Stearic Acid Modified-soy Protein Isolate 显示文摘 | Preeti L Anil N | 2005 | Industrial Crops and Products2005，21，： | 1 |
| 6 | Dielectric properties of human colostrum at microwave frequency显示文摘 | ANIL L CHADRASEKHARAN R VINU T | 2007 | Journal of Microwave Power & Electromagnetic Energy2007，41，2： | 1 |
| 7 | Formation of hydrothermal deposits at Kings Triple Junction, northern Lau back-arc basin SW Pacific: The geochemical perspectives 显示文摘 | Anil L P Durbar R Balaram V | 2001 | Journal of AsianEarth Sciences2001，38，34： | 1 |
| 8 | Sr and ^87Sr/^86 Sr in waters and sediments of the Brahmaputra river systems Silicate weathering,CO2 consumption and Sr flux显示文摘 | Sunil K S Anil K Christian F L | 2006 | Chemical Geology2006，234，： | 1 |
| 9 | Vascular endothelial growth factor induces branching morphogenesis/tubulogenesis in renal epithelial cells in a neuropilin-dependent fashion显示文摘 | Anil KS Ananth K William L | 2005 | Mol Cell Biol2005，25，17： | 1 |
| 10 | Temperate intercropping of cereals for forage: A review of the potential for growth and utilization with particular reference to the UK显示文摘 | Anil L J Park R H Phipps M F A | 1998 | Grass Forage Science1998，53，： | 1 |
| 11 | Temperate intercropping of cereals for forage: A review of the potential for growth and utilization with partlcular reference to the UK显示文摘 | Anil L Park J Phipps R H etal | 1998 | Grass Forage Science1998，53，： | 1 |
| 12 | Conducting and Integrating Strategy Research at the International,Corporate,and BusinessLevels: Issues and Directions 显示文摘 | Dess Gregory G Anil Gupta Jean-Francois Hennart and Charles W L Hill | 1995 | Journal of Management1995，21，： | 1 |
| 13 | Troglitazone prevents and re- verses dexamethasone included insulin resistance on glyco- gen synthesis in 333 adipocyte 显示文摘 | Anil Kumar K L Marita A R | 2000 | British Jourmal of Pharmacology2000，130，： | 1 |
| 14 | Troglitazone prevents and reverses dexamethasone induced insulin resistance on glycogen synthesis in 3T3 adipocytes 显示文摘 | Anil Kumar K L Marita A R | 2000 | Br J Pharmacol2000，130，2： | 1 |
| 15 | Role-based access control for grid data-base services using the community authorization service显示文摘 | Pereira Anil L Muppavarapu Vineela Chung Soon M | 2006 | Computer Security and Privacy2006，3，2： | 1 |
| 16 | Face Detection in Color image显示文摘 | Hsu R L Mohamed A M Anil K J | 2002 | IEEE Transaction on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence2002，24，69： | 1 |
| 17 | Evalu-ation of genetic diversity in lemons and some of their relatives based on SRAP and SSR markers显示文摘 | UZUN A YESILOGLU T POLAT L AKA-KACAR Y GULSEN O YILDIRIM B TUZCU O TEPE S CANAN L ANIL S | 2011 | Plant Molecular Biology Reporter2011，29，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Thermal and mechanical properties of environment friendly ' green' plastics from steric acid modified-soy protein isolate显示文摘 | PREETI L ANIL N N | 2005 | Industrial Crops and Products2005，21，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Application ofpolymerase chain reaction fingerprinting to differentiateOrnithobacterium rhinotracheale isolates显示文摘 | Anil J T Binu T V Vanessa C L | 2007 | J Vet DiagnInvest2007，19，： | 1 |
| 20 | In vitro propropaga- tion of Bulgarion rose from selected mature bushes显示文摘 | Kumar Anil Sood Anil Palni L M S | 2000 | Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Sciences2000，22，59： | 1 |
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