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| 1 | 昆虫嗅觉相关蛋白及嗅觉识别机理研究概述显示文摘嗅觉是昆虫产生行为的基础之一,在长期进化的过程中昆虫形成了复杂的嗅觉系统,完成这一过程,需要有多种与嗅觉相关的蛋白参与,包括气味结合蛋白、化学感受蛋白、气味受体和感觉神经元膜蛋白等。了解昆虫感受外界信息的嗅觉机制可以帮助我们更好地理解昆虫识别配偶、天敌及寻找食物来源、产卵场地等行为特征,为进一步调控昆虫的行为、防控害虫侵袭、保护和利用有益昆虫奠定基础。本文综述了昆虫嗅觉相关的几类重要蛋白的生化特性和生理功能,并对昆虫气味分子的识别机制、气味分子在昆虫体内运输机制的最新研究进展进行了概述。 | 胡颖颖 徐书法 Abebe J.Wubie 李薇 国占宝 周婷 | 2013 | 基因组学与应用生物学2013，32，5： | 19 |
| 2 | 吡虫啉对成年意大利蜜蜂脑神经细胞致凋亡作用显示文摘【目的】蜜蜂是重要的授粉昆虫,但一直受到新烟碱类杀虫剂(如吡虫啉)的危害,该类杀虫剂主要作用于蜜蜂脑神经细胞。本研究旨在明确吡虫啉对意大利蜜蜂Apis mellifera ligustica脑神经细胞致凋亡作用。【方法】利用亚致死剂量吡虫啉饲喂成年意大利蜜蜂,通过原位末端标记法(TUNEL)检测脑神经细胞的凋亡情况,利用免疫荧光法检测Caspase-1激活情况,通过透射电镜观察脑神经细胞的超微结构。【结果】在对选取的脑部7个部位进行总体观测后,摄入亚致死剂量的吡虫啉(9.90 ng/蜜蜂)诱导成年意蜂工蜂脑神经细胞凋亡率随时间递增而增加,在处理9 d和12 d时,处理组与空白对照组差异极显著(P<0.01);Caspase-1阳性细胞率也随时间递增而增加,在处理3,6,9和12 d时,处理组与空白对照组差异极显著(P<0.01)。凋亡率和Caspase-1阳性细胞率均表现出时间效应,且两者成正相关性。超微结构表明凋亡的神经细胞呈现凋亡和自噬双重特征,包括:细胞固缩、染色质浓缩、凋亡小体和自噬体出现;线粒体肿胀,有的被自噬泡包裹后进行线粒体自噬。【结论】本研究从细胞水平证实了亚致死剂量吡虫啉对成年意蜂工蜂脑神经细胞具有致凋亡作用,并且其凋亡途径与Caspase-1和细胞自噬有关,这为利用细胞凋亡法评价杀虫剂对非靶标生物的神经毒性提供一定的理论基础。 | 吴艳艳 周婷 Abebe Jenberie WUBIE 王强 代平礼 贾慧茹 | 2014 | 昆虫学报2014，57，2： | 13 |
| 3 | Antibacterial activities of selected medicinal plants in traditional treatment of human wounds in Ethiopia显示文摘Objective:To evaluate the activity of selected Ethiopian medicinal plants traditionally used for wound treatment against wound-causing bacteria.Methods:Samples of medicinal plants(Achyranthes aspera,Brucea antidysenteriea,Datura stramonium,Croton macrostachyus,Acokanthera xchimperi.,Phytolacca dodecandra,Milhttia ferruginea,and Solanum incanum)were extracted using absolute methanol and water and tested for their antimicrobial activities against clinical isolates and standard strains of wound-causing bacteria using agar well diffusion and micro titer plate methods.Results:Most of the plant extracts had antibacterial activities,among which Acokanthera schimperi and Brucea antidysenteriea inhibited growth of 100%and 35%of the test organisms,respectively.Methanolic extracts had higher activities compared with their corresponding aqueous extracts.The most susceptible organism to the extracts was Streptococcus pyogens while the most resistant were Escherichia coli and Proteus vulgaris.Conclusions:This finding justifies the use of the plants in wound healing and their potential activity against woundcausing bacteria.Their toxicity level and antimicrobial activity with different extraction solvents should further be studied to use them as sources and templates for the synthesis of drugs to control wound and other disease-causing bacteria. | Biruhalem Taye Mirutse Giday Abebe Animut Jemal Seid | 2011 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2011，1，5： | 12 |
| 4 | 蜜蜂囊状幼虫病研究进展显示文摘蜜蜂囊状幼虫病是由蜜蜂囊状幼虫病毒(Sacbrood virus,SBV)引起的一种病毒病,对蜂群危害极其严重,对我国本土蜂种的中华蜜蜂危害更甚。到目前为止,我国有20多个省发现中华蜜蜂感染此病,病害侵袭极其严重。由于该病无特效药物可以治疗,我国部分省份的部分地区由于囊状幼虫病的大流行已经导致该地区中华蜜蜂饲养数量几乎为零,给当地的蜂业生产带来巨大损失。论文从蜜蜂囊状幼虫病的流行规律、病毒的生物学特性、病害诊断方法和蜜蜂抗性机理四个方面对蜜蜂囊状幼虫病研究进展进行概述,旨在为今后有效防控蜜蜂囊状幼虫病提供参考。 | 李薇 薛菲 Wubie Abebe Jenberie 黄家兴 国占宝 周婷 徐书法 | 2014 | 动物医学进展2014，35，6： | 11 |
| 5 | 中华蜜蜂感觉神经元膜蛋白基因克隆、组织表达分析及原核表达显示文摘为明确中华蜜蜂Apis cerana cerana嗅觉形成中重要功能因子的信号转导通路,本研究利用RT-PCR方法,克隆了中华蜜蜂感觉神经元膜蛋白(sensory neuron membrane protein,SNMP)基因编码区,GenBank登录号为KC012595,命名为AccSNMP1。序列分析表明,该编码区开放阅读框长1563bp,编码520个氨基酸,推测的编码蛋白的相对分子量和等电点分别为58.02kD和5.83。同源性比较发现,中华蜜蜂AccSNMP1与其他昆虫感觉神经元膜蛋白基因同源性差异很大,在氨基酸水平上与西方蜜蜂Apis mellifera SNMP基因一致性达99.2%,与熊蜂Bombus impatiens SNMP基因一致性达90.9%,而与赤拟谷盗Tribolium castaneum SNMP基因一致性仅为22.7%。系统发育树显示中华蜜蜂与西方蜜蜂遗传距离最近。实时荧光定量PCR结果分析表明,AccSNMP1在触角中表达量最高,在足中表达量较高,与胸、腹、头(去除触角和喙)、喙中表达量相比差异显著(P<0.05)。构建原核表达载体pEASY-E1-AccSNMP1,经IPTG诱导,中华蜜蜂感觉神经元膜蛋白在大肠杆菌Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)中高效表达。结果为进一步研究AccSNMP1在中华蜜蜂体内的作用机理奠定了基础。 | 胡颖颖 徐书法 李薇 Abebe Jenberie WUBIE 国占宝 周婷 | 2013 | 昆虫学报2013，56，1： | 6 |
| 6 | Opportunistic and other intestinal parasites among HIV/AIDS patients attending Gambi higher clinic in Bahir Dar city,North West Ethiopia显示文摘Objective:To determine the magnitude of opportunistic and non-opportunistic intestinal parasitic infections among HTV/AIDS patients in Bahir Dar.Methods:Cross-sectional study was conducted among HIV/ AIDS patients attending Gambi higher clinic from Aprill- May 30,2009. Convenient sampling technique was employed to identify the study subjects and hence a total of 248 subjects were included.A pre-tested structured questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic data of patients.Stool samples were examined by direct saline,iodine wet mount, formol-ether sedimentation concentration and modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining technique. Results:Out of 248 enrolled in the study,171(69.0%)(90 males and 81 females) were infected with one or more intestinal parasites.The highest rate of intestinal parasites were observed among HIV/AIDS patients(80.3%,151/188),and the infection rate of HIV negative individuals was 33.3%(20/60).Cryptosporidum parvum(43.6%),Isospora belli(15.5%) and Blastocystis hominis (10.5%) were opportunistic parasites that were found only in HIV/AIDS patients.Conclusions: Opportunistic parasite infections are common health problem among HIV/ AIDS patients in the study area.Therefore,early detection and treatment of these parasites are important to improve the quality of life of HIV/AIDS patients. | Abebe Alemu Yitayal Shiferaw Gebeyaw Getnet Aregaw Yalew Zelalem Addis | 2011 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2011，4，8： | 5 |
| 7 | Machine learning methods’ performance in radiative transfer model inversion to retrieve plant traits from Sentinel-2 data of a mixed mountain forest显示文摘Assessment of vegetation biochemical and biophysical variables is useful when developing indicators for biodiversity monitoring and climate change studies.Here,we compared a radiative transfer model(RTM)inversion by merit function and five machine learning algorithms trained on an RTM simulated dataset predicting the three plant traits leaf chlorophyll content(LCC),canopy chlorophyll content(CCC),and leaf area index(LAI),in a mixed temperate forest.The accuracy of the retrieval methods in predicting these three plant traits with spectral data from Sentinel-2 acquired on 13 July 2017 over Bavarian Forest National Park,Germany,was evaluated using in situ measurements collected contemporaneously.The RTM inversion using merit function resulted in estimations of LCC(R^(2)=0.26,RMSE=3.9µg/cm^(2)),CCC(R^(2)=0.65,RMSE=0.33 g/m^(2)),and LAI(R^(2)=0.47,RMSE=0.73 m^(2)/m^(2)),comparable to the estimations based on the machine learning method Random forest regression of LCC(R^(2)=0.34,RMSE=4.06µg/cm^(2)),CCC(R^(2)=0.65,RMSE=0.34 g/m^(2)),and LAI(R^(2)=0.47,RMSE=0.75 m^(2)/m^(2)).Several of the machine learning algorithms also yielded accuracies and robustness similar to the RTM inversion using merit function.The performance of regression methods trained on synthetic datasets showed promise for fast and accurate mapping of plant traits accross different plant functional types from remote sensing data. | Abebe Mohammed Ali Roshanak Darvishzadeh Andrew Skidmore Tawanda W.Gara Marco Heurich | 2021 | International Journal of Digital Earth2021，14，1： | 3 |
| 8 | Effects of grazing intensity to water source on grassland condition, yield and nutritional content of selected grass species in Northwest Ethiopia显示文摘Background:Savanna grasslands are globally important ecosystems consisting of one of the most extensive grazing lands with unique biodiversity.The objectives of the study were to assess the effect of grazing intensity on grassland ecosystem condition,herbaceous plant biomass production,and nutritional content of selected grass species.Methods:The study was conducted at Chagni Ranch,Northwest Ethiopia.Four transects to water source point at regular intervals of 20m between sampling plots along transects were used for data collection.The distance between the four transects was 200m in radius.Data were collected on grass composition,basal cover,litter cover,number of seedlings,and age distribution of dominant grasses(i.e.,young,medium,or old in terms of stage of maturity),soil condition in terms of soil compaction,and soil erosion linked to the effects of trampling by grazing animals along transects(hereafter referred to as transect)to water source point.The total sample size for grass species was 160 plots.The grassland ecosystem condition,herbaceous biomass,and grass nutritional content were used as response variables linked to transect from water source point.The effects of transect on grassland ecosystem condition scores and grass nutritional content were analyzed using the analysis of variance(ANOVA).Results:Grassland condition factors like grass composition,basal cover,litter cover,age distribution of dominant grasses,and soil condition were significantly(P<0.05)higher for the furthest transect to water source point than nearest transect.Out of the 28 identified herbaceous species,grasses accounted for 64.3%of the herbaceous community.Within grass species,about 55.6%were highly desirable in terms of palatability and grazing value(as most palatable species are susceptible to heavy grazing intensity).The results showed a significantly(P<0.05)higher proportion of perennial grasses at the furthest transect to water source point than nearest transect.The dry matter yield at the furthest transect(TD4)and third transect(TD3)were significantly(P<0.05)higher than the nearest transect to water source point(i.e.,the first transect(TD1)and second transect(TD2)).Ash,neutral detergent fiber,acid detergent fiber,and acid detergent lignin contents of Cynodon dactylon,Sporobolus pyramidalis,and Digitaria ternata were significantly(P<0.05)higher at the furthest transect to water source point than nearest transect.Grazing intensity had no significant effect on the crude protein content of Cynodon dactylon and Sporobolus pyramidalis at different transects.Conclusions:The results showed that the furthest transect to water source point were in good condition.Grass biomass production and the nutritional contents of grasses were higher for the furthest transect to water source point.The results suggested that increased grazing intensity towards water source point greatly reduced the abundance of desirable perennial grasses and the sustainability of grassland for livestock production. | Yaregal Melak Ayana Angassa Aster Abebe | 2019 | Ecological Processes2019，8，1： | 3 |
| 9 | 常染色体显性遗传性多囊肾病早期的血压控制显示文摘常染色体显性遗传性多囊肾病(autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease,ADPKD)的早期常出现高血压且与ADPKD患者进展至终末期肾病(endstage renal disease,ESRD)及死于心血管疾病相关。临床研究表明肾素血管紧张素醛固酮系统(rennin angiotensin aldsterone system,RAAS)在ADPKD患者高血压发生过程中发挥关键作用。但采用更积极的降压治疗或增加RAAS阻断剂的使用是否能延迟ADPKD患者ESRD的发生,目前还不清楚。 | Schrier RW Abebe KZ Perrone RD 张刘锋 叶鹏 | 2015 | 中华高血压杂志2015，23，3： | 3 |
| 10 | SWOT Analysis and Challenges of Nile Basin Initiative:An Integrated Water Resource Management Perspective显示文摘River Nile is one of the longest transboundery rivers and it is shared and used by Burundi,Democratic Republic of Congo,Egypt,Ethiopia,Eritrea,Kenya,Rwanda,Sudan,Tanzania and Uganda.As of today,the Nile is a crucial resource for the economic development of the Nile Basin countries and a vital source of livelihood for 160 million inhabitants as well as 300 million people living in the 10 riparian countries.The Nile Basin Initiative(NBI) is one of the international cooperative river basin management program and regional partnership where all the Nile Basin countries except Eritrea unite to pursue long-term sustainable development,improved land use practices and management.This review therefore focused on the challenges not faced on NBI in terms of integrated use of the river and conducted analysis of strengths,weaknesses,opportunities and threats(SWOT) based on secondary data.The result of the review revealed that for decades,the Nile Basin people have been facing many complex environmental,social,economic and political challenges that have made it difficult for the proper management and sustainability of Nile water.The initiative provides training to develop skills in government ministries,non-governmental organizations and local communities in each country.It is also working to raise awareness of critical environmental issues by strengthening networks of environmental education practitioners;developing curriculum in the education sector.The challenges of NBI include the involvement and funding of World Bank,lack of sufficient staff,procedural and policies conflicts,lack of coordination and linkage with other regional institutions and lack of recognition as river basin organization.Considering the complex nature of the project,it is recommended that the NBI should come up with a strong multi-disciplinary monitoring and evaluation team to follow up all implemented projects.The NBI should carry out participatory land use planning in communities along the river basin.Moreover,livelihood analysis should be carried out especially in communities along the Nile to come up with poverty eradication projects which are socially acceptable,applicable,economically viable and affordable. | Alebel Abebe Belay Henry Musoke Semakula George James Wambura Labohy Jan | 2010 | Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment2010，8，1： | 3 |
| 11 | 蜜蜂球囊菌(Ascosphaera apis)原生质体制备及再生显示文摘为建立高效稳定的蜜蜂球囊菌(Ascosphaera apis)遗传转化体系,构建具有不同表型特征的球囊菌转化子,本实验对影响蜜蜂球囊菌菌株原生质体制备及再生的因子进行了系统的研究,同时对蜜蜂球囊菌原生质体的释放及再生过程进行了显微观察。结果表明,采用液体培养基进行24 h培养的蜜蜂球囊菌菌体,在28℃条件下,应用50 mg/mL的崩溃酶,经4 h酶解所制备的原生质体释放量最大,达到34.00×105/mL。在上述条件下,采用0.8 mol/L柠檬酸与NaCl的混合液作为稳渗剂,原生质体的再生率也较高,达到53.06%。蜜蜂球囊菌以菌丝断裂方式释放原生质体,原生质体再生时表现为原生质体先是突出,其后延长,并最终发育成为正常菌丝。本实验首次优化了蜜蜂球囊菌原生质体制备实验流程及原生质体再生最佳条件,为深入研究蜜蜂球囊菌的致病机理及寻找蜜蜂球囊菌致病相关基因奠定基础。 | 何祥凤 李薇 Abebe Jenberie Wubie 薛菲 国占宝 周婷 徐书法 | 2013 | 基因组学与应用生物学2013，32，6： | 3 |
| 12 | Community-based knowledge towards rangeland condition, climate change, and adaptation strategies: the case of Afar pastoralists显示文摘Introduction:Pastoral communities have a comprehensive knowledge of their environments.This knowledge was acquired through extensive observation of the local environment and continuous herding practices.Pastoralists’wisdom about their local environment and adaptation strategies to climate change is essential for sustainable development.Thus,appreciation of pastoralists’knowledge about their environment is also important for the integration of indigenous knowledge with the proper application of scientific approach to fit with the prevailing ecological potential of pastoral areas.Methods:Data were collected using focus group discussions,key informant interviews,and in-depth interviews.The in-depth interviews were conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire that was administered to 100 household heads with the age of above 50 years old.Respondents were randomly drawn from selected Pastoralists Associations(PAs)of two study districts.Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics as well as the logit model.The logit model was used to analyze the different coping strategies of pastoralists to overcome the failure of rain during different seasons.This was done by complementing pastoralists’indigenous knowledge of time-series-based analysis across four seasons(Kerma,Gillal,Hagay,and Sugum)vs.the existing meteorological records.Forty years(from 1971 to 2011)of existing metrological data were used to compare the empirical evidence with pastoralists’perceptions.Results:Respondents mentioned that livestock number was the best indicator for evaluating rangeland condition in Afar region.The existing empirical evidence based on metrological data did not show any significant decline in precipitation for the last four decades between 1971 and 2011 as opposed to the perception of pastoralists where 80%of them reported a decline in precipitation.A one unit increase in labor force suggested about 16.1%decrease in the choice of livestock selling as coping strategy in Afar pastoral areas of North-East of Ethiopia.The non-intervened pastoral households had more preference(3.78%)to practice herd splitting than those pastoral households in the intervened district.Similarly,the non-intervened pastoral households had 4.43%more preference to use crop residue for livestock feeding than pastoral HHs in the intervened areas.Conclusions:Communities’perceptions showed that livestock number was the best indicator of rangeland condition in the study area.Afar pastoralists’observations with regard to temperature and precipitation trends over the last four decades greatly corresponded with the existing metrological-based empirical evidence.However,pastoralists’perception in terms of reduced precipitation was not confirmed by the meteorological-based data records for the short rainy season(SRS).Afar pastoralists’experience showed that the short rainy season was the best indicator for the occurrence of droughts as compared to other seasons in Afar.Our results suggest that most coping strategies are labor force demanding,and the situation worsens during the long rainy season(LRS).We suggest that differences in intervention between the study areas should not be overlooked as a policy tool in tackling the impact of climate change. | Minyahel Tilahun Ayana Angassa Aster Abebe | 2017 | Ecological Processes2017，6，1： | 2 |
| 13 | 中华蜜蜂囊状幼虫病毒北京分离株VP1蛋白基因序列特征及原核表达显示文摘【目的】研究中华蜜蜂囊状幼虫病毒(Chinese sacbrood virus,CSBV)VP1蛋白的分子进化特征及遗传多样性。【方法】利用RT-PCR方法,克隆了8株CSBV北京分离株VP1蛋白的基因编码区。【结果】序列分析表明,VP1蛋白基因编码区开放阅读框长945 bp,编码315个氨基酸,推测编码蛋白的相对分子量和等电点分别为35.42 kDa和9.23,具有亲水性和免疫原性。序列同源性分析表明,不同年份CSBV北京分离株VP1蛋白氨基酸序列间差异较小,仅个别氨基酸存在差异。北京分离株与辽宁分离株及越南分离株VP1核苷酸序列一致性达93%,与印度及韩国分离株VP1核苷酸序列一致性达92%,与英国分离株VP1核苷酸序列一致性最低,为88%。序列分析同时表明,CSBV北京分离株VP1蛋白序列存在特有的序列特征,同其他地区分离株比较,北京分离株VP1蛋白序列中存在着氨基酸的插入突变。序列替换率分析表明,亚洲型分离株间序列替换率低于亚洲分离株与欧洲分离株间的替换率。构建原核表达载体pEASY-E1-VP1,经IPTG诱导,CSBV VP1蛋白在大肠杆菌Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)pLysS菌株中表达。【结论】本研究提示CSBV不同分离株基因序列存在变异,结果为进一步研究CSBV致病性分化的分子机理奠定了基础。 | 李薇 黄家兴 Abebe Jenberie WUBIE 薛菲 国占宝 周婷 徐书法 | 2014 | 昆虫学报2014，57，4： | 2 |
| 14 | Prediction of sedimentation in reservoirs by combining catchment based model and stream based model with limited data显示文摘Estimation of sedimentation in reservoirs helps in the management and design of the reservoir's useful capacity. This research was done on the Awash River basin at the Koka Dam Reservoir in Ethiopia. The method applied was the loose integration of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT) model and Hydrologic Engineering Center-River Analysis System(HEC-RAS) model for the estimation of the sediment load reaching the reservoir. The SWAT model was used for the estimation of erosion at the catchment level,and the HEC-RAS model was applied to estimate the sediment transport in the river channel. The implemented method allows sedimentation in the floodplains and bed shear stress to be considered in the sediment modeling, which cannot be considered in the SWAT model. In addition, the river cross sectional properties and the hydrodynamic processes in the rivers were considered in the modeling process. The data used in this study are a combination of i) observed data collected by government agencies, ii) data available online in data repositories, and iii) data extracted from remote sensing in the Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission(SRTM) Digital Elevation Model(DEM). The calibration and validation of the SWAT model was done by using Sequential Uncertainty Fitting(SUIF-2) calibration and validation tools. The HEC-RAS model was calibrated by adjusting the roughness factor. The output from the integrated approaches gives better estimates of flow and sediment near the inlet to the reservoir, with coefficients of determination of 0.85 and 0.67, respectively, and Nash Sutcliffe coefficients of model fit efficiency of 0.90 and 0.62, respectively, for daily simulations. | Abebe Tadesse Wenhong Dai | 2019 | International Journal of Sediment Research2019，34，1： | 2 |
| 15 | Diabetes mellitus is associated with increased mortality during tuberculosis treatment:a prospective cohort study among tuberculosis patients in SouthEastern Amahra Region,Ethiopia显示文摘Background:There is growing evidence suggesting that diabetes mellitus(DM)affects disease presentation and treatment outcome in tuberculosis(TB)patients.This study aimed at investigating the role of DM on clinical presentations and treatment outcomes among newly diagnosed TB patients.Methods:A prospective cohort study was conducted in South-Eastern Amhara Region,Ethiopia from September 2013 till March 2015.Study subjects were consecutively recruited from 44 randomly selected health facilities in the study area.Participants were categorized into two patient groups,namely,patients with TB and DM(TBDM)and TB patients without DM(TBNDM).Findings on clinical presentations and treatment outcomes were compared between the two patient groups.Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was applied to identify factors associated with death.Results:Out of 1314 TB patients enrolled in the study,109(8.3%)had coexisting DM.TBDM comorbidity[adjusted hazard ratio(AHR)3.96;95%confidence interval(C.I.)(1.76–8.89)],and TB coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)[AHR 2.59;95%C.I.(1.21–5.59)]were associated with increased death.TBDM and TBNDM patients did not show significant difference in clinical symptoms at baseline and during anti-TB treatment period.However,at the 2nd month of treatment,TBDM patients were more symptomatic compared to patients in the TBNDM group.Conclusions:The study showed that DM is associated with increased death during TB treatment.DM has no association with clinical presentation of TB except at the end of the intensive phase treatment.Routine screening of TB patients for DM is recommended for early diagnosis and treatment of patients with TBDM comorbidity. | Mahteme Haile Workneh Gunnar Aksel Bjune Solomon Abebe Yimer | 2016 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2016，5，1： | 2 |
| 16 | Perception and attitude of pastoralists on the use and conservation of rangeland resources in Afar Region,Ethiopia显示文摘Introduction:Community perception plays a significant role in rangeland resource management.Traditional rangeland management practices by the pastoral communities are based on accumulated knowledge in connection to their local environment.Pastoralism played a vital role in food production and sustaining its inhabitants in arid environment for millennia.However,national policies and development interventions in East African pastoral systems have often overlooked pastoralism while centered on the modernization of agricultural sector for economic development and poverty reduction.Methods:We used household survey,focus group discussion,key informant interview,and individual questionnaire to understand the perceptions and attitude of Afar pastoralists towards rangeland resource use and conservation practices,as well as impacts of development intervention on traditional rangeland resource use and conservation practices.The data were analyzed using index ranking and descriptive statistics.Results:The results showed that livestock holding per household was higher on average(22.90±2.27 Tropical Livestock Unit(TLU))in the non-intervened woreda than in the intervened woreda(8.30±3.85 TLU).Respondents mentioned that livestock productivity was adversely affected by a number of factors such as invasion of Prosopis juliflora(Dergi Hara),shrinkage in the capacity of rangelands(Beadu and Bebea’),and recurrent droughts.Scarcity of grazing resources attributed to the invasion of Dergi Hara and drought created livestock feed crisis with strong implication on the livelihood of pastoralists.Our results showed that the traditional resource management practices such as mobility,herd splitting,and diversification had a role to contribute to the improvement of rangeland management and conservation of biodiversity.Traditional rules and seasonal-based grazing patterns of riversides during drought were perceived as key elements for rangeland resource management and conservation of rangeland resources in the study area.Conclusions:Communities’perception showed that the traditional practices of rangeland management systems are effective and environmentally sustainable.In contrast,inappropriate development interventions put rangelands under severe pressure.Although development interventions were aimed at improving the condition of Afar rangeland,they could not bring any enduring solution in terms of improvement of rangeland resources. | Minyahel Tilahun Ayana Angassa Aster Abebe Alemayehu Mengistu | 2016 | Ecological Processes2016，5，1： | 2 |
| 17 | Isolation and screening of antibiotic producing actinomycetes from soils in Gondar town, North West Ethiopia显示文摘 | Abebe Bizuye Feleke Moges Berhanu Andualem | 2013 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease2013，，5： | 2 |
| 18 | Quantitative determination of the group of flavonoids and saponins from the extracts of the seeds of Glinus lotoides and tablet formulation thereof by high-performance liquid chroluatography 显示文摘 | Abebe E Bernd K Tsige G | 2005 | J Chromatogr A2005，1083，： | 1 |
| 19 | Coupling model for fused fiber couplers with parabolic taper shape显示文摘 | BURNS W K ABEBE M | 1987 | Applied Optics1987，26，19： | 1 |
| 20 | Numerical analysis of molten carbonate fuel cell stack performance: diagnosis of internal conditions using cell voltage profiles显示文摘 | Yoshiba F Abeb T Watanabe T | 2000 | Journal of Power Sources2000，87，12： | 1 |
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