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| 1 | 中国妇女妊娠前后单纯服用叶酸对神经管畸形的预防效果显示文摘目的 评价妇女在妊娠前后服用单纯 40 0 μg叶酸增补剂对胎 /婴儿神经管畸形 (NTDs)的预防效果。方法 1993~ 1995年在中国北方的NTDs高发地区和南方的NTDs低发地区妇女增补叶酸的推广项目中 ,共募集从孕前或孕后任何时间开始服药的妇女 130 142名 ,未服药的妇女 1176 89名 ;设计的服药方法从婚检时开始到孕满 3个月为止 ,每天服用单纯叶酸片 40 0 μg ;最后对妇女的分娩结局进行监测并进行预防效果的对比评价研究。结果 服药组妇女生育的胎婴儿中共发现 10 2例NTDs ,对照组胎婴儿中共发现 173例NTDs。末次月经前募集的未服药妇女在孕 2 0周以后分娩的胎婴中NTDs发生率 ,北方为 4 8‰ (16 / 3 318) ,南方为 1 0‰ (2 8/ 2 82 6 5 ) ,而妊娠前后服药妇女组则分别为1 0‰ (13/ 13 0 12 )和 0 6‰ (34/ 5 86 38)。与末次月经前募集的未服药妇女组相比 ,北方服药妇女NTDs发生率明显降低 ,其中依从性大于 80 %的服药组妇女预防率达 85 % (95 %CI为 6 2 %~ 94% ) ,南方地区服叶酸的预防率为 41% (95 %CI为 3 %~ 6 4% )。结论 妇女在妊娠前后每天服用单纯叶酸 40 0 | 李竹 RobertJ Berry 李松 J David Erickson 王红 Cynthia A Moore 赵平 Joseph Mulinare 洪世欣 Lee-Yang C Wong 呼和牧人 Jacqueline Gindler 郝玲 Adolfo Correa 朱慧萍 Elaine Gunter | 2000 | 中华医学杂志2000，80，7： | 185 |
| 2 | Achieving the best bowel preparation for colonoscopy显示文摘Bowel preparation is a core issue in colonoscopy,as it is closely related to the quality of the procedure.Patients often find that bowel preparation is the most unpleasant part of the examination.It is widely accepted that the quality of cleansing must be excellent to facilitate detecting neoplastic lesions.In spite of its importance and potential implications,until recently,bowel preparation has not been the subject of much study.The most commonly used agents are high-volume polyethylene glycol(PEG)electrolyte solution and sodium phosphate.There has been some confusion,even in published meta-analyses,regarding which of the two agents provides better cleansing.It is clear now that both PEG and sodium phosphate are effectivewhen administered with proper timing.Consequently,the timing of administration is recognized as one of the central factors to the quality of cleansing.The bowel preparation agent should be administered,at least in part,a few hours in advance of the colonoscopy.Several low volume agents are available,and either new or modified schedules with PEG that usually improve tolerance.Certain adjuvants can also be used to reduce the volume of PEG,or to improve the efficacy of other agents.Other factors apart from the choice of agent can improve the quality of bowel cleansing.For instance,the effect of diet before colonoscopy has not been completely clarified,but an exclusively liquid diet is probably not required,and a low-fiber diet may be preferable because it improves patient satisfaction and the quality of the procedure.Some patients,such as diabetics and persons with heart or kidney disease,require modified procedures and certain precautions.Bowel preparation for pediatric patients is also reviewed here.In such cases,PEG remains the most commonly used agent.As detecting neoplasia is not the main objective with these patients,less intensive preparation may suffice.Special considerations must be made for patients with inflammatory bowel disease,including safety and diagnostic issues,so that the most adequate agent is chosen.Identifying neoplasia is one of the main objectives of colonoscopy with these patients,and the target lesions are often almost invisible with white light endoscopy.Therefore excellent quality preparation is required to find these lesions and to apply advanced methods such as chromoendoscopy.Bowel preparation for patients with lower gastrointestinal bleeding represents a challenge,and the strategies available are also reviewed here. | Adolfo Parra-Blanco Alex Ruiz Manuel Alvarez-Lobos Ana Amorós Juan Cristóbal Gana Patricio Ibáez Akiko Ono Takahiro Fujii | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，47： | 37 |
| 3 | Intestinal microbiota in health and disease: Role of bifidobacteria in gut homeostasis显示文摘The pool of microbes inhabiting our body is known as 'microbiota' and their collective genomes as 'microbiome'. The colon is the most densely populated organ in the human body, although other parts, such as the skin, vaginal mucosa, or respiratory tract, also harbour specific microbiota. This microbial community regulates some important metabolic and physiological functions of the host, and drives the maturation of the immune system in early life, contributing to its homeostasis during life. Alterations of the intestinal microbiota can occur by changes in composition(dysbiosis), function, or microbiota-host interactions and they can be directly correlated with several diseases. The only disease in which a clear causal role of a dysbiotic microbiota has been demonstrated is the case of Clostridium difficile infections. Nonetheless, alterations in composition and function of the microbiota have been associated with several gastrointestinal diseases(inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal cancer, or irritable bowel syndrome), as well as extra-intestinal pathologies, such as those affecting the liver, or the respiratory tract(e.g., allergy, bronchial asthma, and cystic fibrosis), among others. Species of Bifidobacterium genus are the normal inhabitants of a healthy human gut and alterations in number and composition of their populations is one of the most frequent features present in these diseases. The use of probiotics, including bifidobacteria strains, in preventive medicine to maintain a healthy intestinal function is well documented. Probiotics are also proposed as therapeutic agents for gastrointestinal disorders and other pathologies. The World Gastroenterology Organization recently published potential clinical applications for several probiotic formulations, in which species of lactobacilli are predominant. This review is focused on probiotic preparations containing Bifidobacterium strains, alone or in combination with other bacteria, which have been tested in human clinical studies. In spite of extensive literature on and research into this topic, the degree of scientific evidence of the effectiveness of probiotics is still insufficient in most cases. More effort need to be made to design and conduct accurate human studies demonstrating the efficacy of probiotics in the prevention, alleviation, or treatment of different pathologies. | Rafael Tojo Adolfo Suárez Marta G Clemente Clara G de los Reyes-Gavilán Abelardo Margolles Miguel Gueimonde Patricia Ruas-Madiedo | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，41： | 33 |
| 4 | Incidence of gallstone disease in Italy:Results from a multicenter,population-based Italian study (the MICOL project)显示文摘AIM:To evaluate gallstone incidence and risk factors in a large population-based study. METHODS: Gallstone incidence and risk factors, were evaluated by structured questionnaire and physical examination, respectively, in 9611 of 11 109 (86.5%) subjects who were gallstone-free at the cross-sectional study. RESULTS: Six centers throughout Italy enrolled 9611 subjects (5477 males, 4134 females, aged 30-79 years), 9517 of whom were included into analysis: 424 subjects (4.4%) had gallstones and 61 (0.6%) had been cholecystectomized yielding a cumulative incidence of 0.67% per year (0.66% in males, 0.81% in females). Increasing age, a high body mass index (BMI), a history of diabetes, peptic ulcer and angina, and low cholesterol and high triglyceride levels were identifi ed as risk factors in men while, in females, the only risk factors were increasing age and a high BMI.Increasing age and pain in the right hypocondrium in men and increasing age in females were identifi ed as predictors of gallstones. Pain in the epigastrium/ right hypocondrium was the only symptom related to gallstones; furthermore, some characteristics of pain (forcing to rest, not relieved by bowel movements) were significantly associated with gallstones. No correlation was found between gallstone characteristics and clinical manifestations, while increasing age in men and increasing age and BMI in females were predictors of pain. CONCLUSION:Increasing age and BMI represent true risk factors for gallstone disease (GD); pain in the right hypocondrium and/or epigastrium is confi rmed as the only symptom related to gallstones. | Davide Festi Ada Dormi Simona Capodicasa Tommaso Staniscia Adolfo F Attili Paola Loria Paolo Pazzi Giuseppe Mazzella Claudia Sama Enrico Roda Antonio Colecchia | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，34： | 23 |
| 5 | Factors predicting poor prognosis in ischemic colitis显示文摘瞄准:决定临床、分析、内视镜的因素与有关是化学家大肠炎(IC ) 严厉。方法:85 个病人的一个总数从 1996 年 1 月在回顾的研究被注册到 2004 年 5 月。有 53 女性和 32 男性(年龄 74.6+/-9.4 年,范围 45-89 年) 。病人作为 IC 被诊断。下列变量包括年龄,性别,从到承认的症状的外观的时间的经期,病历,药,凳子频率,临床的症状和症状被分析,验血(血克和基本生物化学的侧面) ,和内视镜的调查结果。病人们在温和 IC 组和严重 IC 组(外科或死亡) 被划分。质的变量用 chi 平方测试被分析,参量的数据用学生的 t (P<0.05 ) 被分析。结果:温和 IC 组 69 个病人被在于(42 女性和 27 男性,平均年龄 74.7+/-12.4 年) 。严重 IC 组由 16 个病人组成(11 女性和 5 男性,平均 73.8+/-12.4 年的年龄) 。因为麦克匪特斯氏疗法(没有外科) 的失败,一个病人死了, 15 个病人经历了外科(6 在内视镜的诊断以后并且 9 在 peroperatory 以后诊断) 。85 个病人(9.6%) 中的八个死了,其它被跟随在上面作为为 9.6+/-3.5 瞬间的门诊病人。人口统计的数据,病历,药和凳子频率在两个组(P>0.05 ) 是类似的。说正经的有病的病人比稍微有病的病人有更少的便血(37.5% 对 86.9% , P = 0.000 ) 。更多的心悸亢进(45.4% 对 10.1% , P = 0.011 ) 并且假腹膜炎的更高的流行签名(75% 对 5.7% , P = 0.000 ) 当腹的疼痛的存在和紧张在二个组之间是类似的时,在严重 IC 组被观察。当承认时,有严重 IC 的二个病人有吃惊。关于分析数据,更严重有病的病人被发现比略微有病的病人有贫血症和血钠过少(37.5% 对 10.1% , P = 0.014 和 46.6% 对 14.9% , P = 0.012,分别地) 。狭窄是那比在稍微有病的病人更经常出现在严重有病的病人的唯一的内视镜的发现(66.6% 对 17.3% , P = 0.017 ) 。结论:能预言 IC 的差的预后是便血,心悸亢进和假腹膜炎,贫血症和血钠过少和狭窄的缺席的因素。 | Ramón A■ón Marta Maia Boscá Vicente Sanchiz Joan Tosca Pedro Almela Cirilo Amorós Adolfo Benages | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，30： | 21 |
| 6 | 持续性姿势-感知性头晕(PPPD)诊断标准:Bárány学会前庭疾病分类委员会共识显示文摘本文提出被纳入前庭疾病国际分类(International Classification of Vestibular Disorders,ICVD)的持续性姿势-感知性头晕(PPPD)的诊断标准。PPPD虽然是一个新的医学术语,但该病的存在由来已久。前庭疾病分类委员会深入汇总、分析了近30年来恐惧性姿势性眩晕(Phobic Postural Vertigo,PPV)、空间运动不适(Space℃Motion Discomfort,SMD)、视觉性眩晕(Visual Vertigo,VV)和慢性主观性头晕(Chronic Subjective Dizziness,CSD)相关的研究,在此基础上提出了PPPD的诊断标准。临床上,头晕、不稳、非旋转性眩晕为PPPD的3个核心症状。PPPD患者常表现为这3个核心症状中的一个或多个,症状持续时间超过3个月,并且在直立姿势、主动/被动运动、暴露于移动视觉刺激或复杂视觉环境中时症状出现加重。PPPD可能与影响平衡系统或引起眩晕、不稳及头晕的疾病所触发有关,包括周围或中枢前庭病变、其他内科疾病或心理疾病。临床上,PPPD既可单独存在,也可与其他临床疾病共病。PPPD可能的亚型分类尚需进一步识别和验证。迄今为止,PPPD确切的病理生理机制尚不明确。新近研究表明,PPPD可能与躯体姿势控制、多感觉信息处理、威胁评估系统与空间定向系统皮质整合的功能异常相关。因此,PPPD被归类为慢性功能性前庭疾病,并不是结构性前庭疾病或精神心理性前庭疾病。 | 李康之(译) 刘博(译) 顾平(审校) 杨旭(审校) Jeffrey PStaab Annegret Eckhardt-Henn Arata Horii Rolf Jacob Michael Strupp Thomas Brandt Adolfo Bronstein | 2020 | 神经损伤与功能重建2020，15，2： | 20 |
| 7 | The timing of bowel preparation before colonoscopy determines the quality of cleansing,and is a significant factor contributing to the detection of flat lesions:A randomized study显示文摘AIM: To compare the cleansing quality of polyethylene glycol electrolyte solution and sodium phosphate with different schedules of administration, and to evaluate whether the timing of the administration of bowel preparation affects the detection of polyps. METHODS: One hundred and seventy-seven consecutive outpatients scheduled for colonoscopy were randomized in one of four groups to receive polyethylene glycol electrolyte solution or oral sodium phosphate with two different timing schedules. Quality of cleansing, polyp detection, and tolerance were evaluated. RESULTS: Patients receiving polyethylene glycol or sodium phosphate on the same day as the colonoscopy, obtained good to excellent global cleansing scores more frequently than patients who received polyethylene glycol or sodium phosphate on the day prior to the procedure (P < 0.001). Flat lesions, but not flat adenomas, were more frequent in patients prepared on the same day (P = 0.02). CONCLUSION: The quality of colonic cleansing and the detection of flat lesions are significantly improved when the preparation is taken on the day of the colonoscopy. | Adolfo Parra-Blanco David Nicolás-Pérez Antonio Gimeno-García Begoa Grosso Alejandro Jiménez Juan Ortega Enrique Quintero | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，38： | 19 |
| 8 | Damage control orthopaedics: State of the art显示文摘Damage control orthopaedics(DCO) originally consisted of the provisional immobilisation of long bone-mainly femur-fractures in order to achieve the advantages of early treatment and to minimise the risk of complications, such as major pain, fat embolism, clotting, pathological inflammatory response, severe haemorrhage triggering the lethal triad, and the traumatic effects of major surgery on a patient who is already traumatised(the 'second hit' effect). In recent years, new locations have been added to the DCO concept, such as injuries to the pelvis, spine and upper limbs. Nonetheless, this concept has not yet been validated in well-designed prospective studies, and much controversy remains.Indeed, some researchers believe the indiscriminate application of DCO might be harmful and produce substantial and unnecessary expense. In this respect, too,normalised parameters associated with the acid-base system have been proposed,under a concept termed early appropriate care, in the view that this would enable patients to receive major surgical procedures in an approach offering the advantages of early total care together with the apparent safety of DCO. This paper discusses the diagnosis and treatment of severely traumatised patients managed in accordance with DCO and highlights the possible drawbacks of this treatment principle. | Enrique Guerado Maria Luisa Bertrand Juan Ramon Cano Ana María Cerván Adolfo Galán | 2019 | World Journal of Orthopedics2019，10，1： | 16 |
| 9 | Long noncoding RNAs:a missing link in osteoporosis显示文摘Osteoporosis is a systemic disease that results in loss of bone density and increased fracture risk,particularly in the vertebrae and the hip.This condition and associated morbidity and mortality increase with population ageing.Long noncoding(lnc)RNAs are transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides that are not translated into proteins,but play important regulatory roles in transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation.Their contribution to disease onset and development is increasingly recognized.Herein,we present an integrative revision on the studies that implicate lncRNAs in osteoporosis and that support their potential use as therapeutic tools.Firstly,current evidence on lncRNAs involvement in cellular and molecular mechanisms linked to osteoporosis and its major complication,fragility fractures,is reviewed.We analyze evidence of their roles in osteogenesis,osteoclastogenesis,and bone fracture healing events from human and animal model studies.Secondly,the potential of lncRNAs alterations at genetic and transcriptomic level are discussed as osteoporosis risk factors and as new circulating biomarkers for diagnosis.Finally,we conclude debating the possibilities,persisting difficulties,and future prospects of using lncRNAs in the treatment of osteoporosis. | Andreia Machado Silva Sara Reis Moura JoseHenrique Teixeira Mario Adolfo Barbosa Susana Gomes Santos Maria Ines Almeida | 2019 | Bone Research2019，7，1： | 13 |
| 10 | Validation of Fujinon intelligent chromoendoscopy with high definition endoscopes in colonoscopy显示文摘AIM:To validate high definition endoscopes with Fujinon intelligent chromoendoscopy(FICE) in colonoscopy.METHODS:The image quality of normal white light endoscopy(WLE),that of the 10 available FICE filters and that of a gold standard(0.2% indigo carmine dye) were compared.RESULTS:FICE-filter 4 [red,green,and blue(RGB) wavelengths of 520,500,and 405 nm,respectively] provided the best images for evaluating the vascular pattern compared to white light.The mucosal surface was best assessed using filter 4.However,the views obtained were not rated significantly better than those observed with white light.The 'gold standard',indigo carmine(IC) dye,was found to be superior to both white light and filter 4.Filter 6(RGB wavelengths of 580,520,and 460 nm,respectively) allowed for exploration of the IC-stained mucosa.When assessing mucosal polyps,both FICE with magnification,and magnification following dye spraying were superior to the same techniques without magnification and to white light imaging.In the presence of suboptimal bowel preparation,observation with the FICE mode was possible,and endoscopists considered it to be superior to observation with white light.CONCLUSION:FICE-filter 4 with magnification improves the image quality of the colonic vascular patterns obtained with WLE. | Adolfo Parra-Blanco Alejandro Jiménez Bjrn Rembacken Nicolás González David Nicolás-Pérez Antonio Z Gimeno-García Marta Carrillo-Palau Takahisa Matsuda Enrique Quintero | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，42： | 12 |
| 11 | Rectal perforation from endometriosis in pregnancy:Case report and literature review显示文摘This case report describes a woman with spontaneous rectal perforation from decidualized endometriosis in pregnancy.A 37-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital at 30 wk of pregnancy with symptoms suggestive of pyelonephritis,which persisted until 33 wk of gestation when delivery of a premature male baby was performed through a cesarean section. On postoperative day 2,an abdominal computed tomography showed free air in the peritoneal cavity and a pelvic abscess.Explorative celiotomy revealed a diffuse severe fecaloid peritonitis that originated from a 3-cm wide rectal perforation.A Hartmann operation was then performed.Histopathological findings wereconsistent with decidualization of the rectal wall.Only 20 cases of intestinal perforation due to endometriosis have been reported in the literature.This report is believed to be the first case of spontaneous rectal perforation from endometriosis in pregnancy,and it shows the potential occurrence of serious and unexpected complications of the disease. | Adolfo Pisanu Daniela Deplano Stefano Angioni Rossano Ambu Alessandro Uccheddu | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，5： | 10 |
| 12 | Effects of loadinge-unloading and wettinge-drying cycles on geomechanical behaviors of mudrocks in the Colombian Andes显示文摘The mudrocks in the Colombian Andes,particularly those exhibiting low cementation(bonding),are susceptible to degradation when the environmental conditions change,which are challenging issues for engineering works.In this paper,the changes in physico-mechanical properties of mudrocks were monitored in laboratory,and some influential factors on the mechanical competence of geomaterials were studied.The geotechnical characteristics and experimental designs were developed from physical,chemical,mechanical and compositional points of view.In the tests,the techniques such as vapor equilibrium technique(VET)were employed to apply wettingedrying cycles and to control relative humidity(suctioncontrolled)and loadingeunloading cycles through ultrasonic wave velocities technique.The results show that the main failure mechanisms for the laminated mudrocks start on the microscopic scale by fissures coalescence,exhibiting physico-chemical degradation as well;the global geomechanical behavior presents a state between a ductile,like rock,and a fragile,like soil.The obtained results can provide engineering values according to monitoring laboratory set,when compared with in situ conditions. | Mario Camilo Torres-Suarez Adolfo Alarcon-Guzman Rafael Berdugo-De Moya | 2014 | Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering2014，6，3： | 10 |
| 13 | Synchronous isolated splenic metastasis from colon carcinoma and concomitant splenic abscess:A case report and review of the literature显示文摘This study aimed to describe a case in which an isolated splenic metastasis was synchronous with the colonic primary and a concomitant splenic abscess was associated. A wide review of the literature was also performed. A 54-year-old woman with abdominal pain and fever was admitted to our department. Abdominal CT revealed two low-density areas in the spleen and wall-thickening of the left colonic flexure,which was indistinguishable from the spleen parenchyma. The patient underwent emergency celiotomy,with the presumptive diagnosis of obstructing colon carcinoma of the splenic flexure,and concomitant splenic abscess. Subtotal colectomy and splenectomy were performed. Pathological findings were consistent with mucinous colonic carcinoma,synchronous isolated splenic metastasis and concomitant splenic abscess. This paper is also a review of the existing literature on the association between colorectal cancer and splenic metastasis. Only 41 cases of isolated splenic metastasis from colon carcinoma have been reported in the literature. This report is the third described case of synchronous isolated splenic metastasis from colon carcinoma. Only one case with concomitant splenic abscess has been previously reported. When obstructing left-sided colorectal cancer is suspected,careful CT examination can allow early diagnosis of splenic involvement by the tumor. The literature review suggests that there might be a significant improvement in survival following splenectomy for a metachronous isolated splenic metastasis from colon carcinoma. Prognosis for synchronous splenic metastasis seems to be related to the advanced stage of the disease. Nevertheless,no definitive conclusions can be drawn because of the small number of cases. | Adolfo Pisanu Alberto Ravarino Riccardo Nieddu Alessandro Uccheddu | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，41： | 9 |
| 14 | Endoscopic submucosal dissection training with pig models in a Western country显示文摘AIM:To test a strategy for endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD) training in animal models designed to overcome the initial learning curve.METHODS:ESD was attempted in ex vivo and in vivo pig models.Thirty ESD procedures were attempted in the esophagus(n=9) or the stomach(n=21).The ex vivo model was used until initial competence was achieved.In the in vivo model,several ESD procedures were performed in up to 3 sessions.The following variables were analyzed:specimen size,complete and en bloc resection rate,time for circumferential incision,time for submucosal dissection,total ESD duration,and complications.RESULTS:Complete resection was achieved in 28 cases(en bloc 27);2 could not be completed(one perforation,one technical diff iculty).The mean ± SD time for circumferential incision was 36.2±16.8 min(range:8-87 min),and the mean±SD time for submucosal dissection was 45.1±35.7 min(range:9-196 min).The mean±SD size of the resected specimens was 45.2±17.8 mm.The mean±SD total resection time was signif icantly increased for the gastric cases performed in the f irst half of the study(n=13) than in the second half(n=8)(98.9±62.4 min vs 61.7±17.6 min,P=0.04),although the specimen size did not differ.CONCLUSION:Training in animal models could help endoscopists overcome the learning curve before starting ESD in humans. | Adolfo Parra-Blanco María Rosa Arnau David Nicolás-Pérez Antonio Z Gimeno-García Nicolás González Juan A Díaz-Acosta Alejandro Jiménez Enrique Quintero | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，23： | 9 |
| 15 | Availability-based simulation and optimization modeling framework for open-pit mine truck allocation under dynamic constraints显示文摘We present a novel system productivity simulation and optimization modeling framework in which equipment availability is a variable in the expected productivity function of the system. The framework is used for allocating trucks by route according to their operating performances in a truck-shovel system of an open-pit mine, so as to maximize the overall productivity of the fleet. We implement the framework in an originally designed and specifically developed simulator-optimizer software tool. We make an application on a real open-pit mine case study taking into account the stochasticity of the equipment behavior and environment. The total system production values obtained with and without considering the equipment reliability, availability and maintainability (RAM) characteristics are compared. We show that by taking into account the truck and shovel RAM aspects, we can maximize the total production of the system and obtain specific information on the production availability and productivity of its components. | Mena Rodrigo Zio Enrico Kristjanpoller Fredy Arata Adolfo | 2013 | International Journal of Mining Science and Technology2013，23，1： | 8 |
| 16 | 盐酸雷洛昔芬对绝经后骨质疏松妇女骨密度、骨代谢生化指标和血脂的影响显示文摘目的 确定盐酸雷洛昔芬 (raloxifeneHCl,RLX)对中国绝经后骨质疏松妇女骨密度、骨代谢生化指标及血脂的影响。方法 采用多中心、随机、双盲、安慰剂对照的临床研究 ,共入组 2 0 4例绝经后骨质疏松妇女 ,随机分为 :(1)RLX组 (10 2例 ) :每日服用RLX 6 0mg ;(2 )安慰剂组 (10 2例 ) :服用与RLX外观一样的安慰剂。两组对象均每日补充元素钙 5 0 0mg及维生素D 2 0 0U ,共治疗 12个月。观察指标为 :腰椎、髋部骨密度 ;骨代谢生化指标 [血清C端交联肽 (CTX)、骨钙素 (BGP) ];血脂。骨密度测定采用双能X线吸收法 ,骨代谢生化指标测定应用一步ELISA法 ,血脂测定应用酶法。结果 研究结束时 ,腰椎骨密度 :RLX组平均增加 3 3%± 4 8% ,安慰剂组增加 1 0 %± 4 9% (P <0 0 0 1)。髋部骨密度 :RLX组平均增加了 1 4 %± 4 8% ,安慰剂组平均降低了 0 9%± 5 0 % ,(P <0 0 0 1)。在RLX组 ,无一例发生新的椎体骨折 ,而安慰剂组有 5例发生新骨折 (P =0 0 5 9)。在RLX组 ,BGP及CTX分别降低 4 1 7%和 6 1 5 % ,而安慰剂组则分别降低 10 6 %和 35 6 % ,两组比较P均 <0 0 0 1。RLX组血总胆固醇 (TG)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL C)明显低于安慰剂组 (均P <0 0 0 1)。而两组的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL C)和甘油三? | 刘建立 朱汉民 黄琪仁 张忠兰 李慧林 秦跃娟 张颖 魏道林 陆敬辉 刘慧 陈小平 刘玉娟 Abie Ekangaki 郑以漫 Adolfo Diez-Perez Kristine Harpe | 2004 | 中华医学杂志2004，84，4： | 8 |
| 17 | 隔沟交替灌溉对我国半干旱地区马铃薯水分利用的影响显示文摘隔沟交替灌溉(Partial root-zone drying,PRD)被认为是一种节水灌溉的方法,它可以提高多种作物的水分利用率。本研究开展于我国甘肃与内蒙两个半干旱马铃薯种植区,比较常规灌溉与隔沟交替灌溉对马铃薯产量和水分利用率的影响。结果表明,由于两个试验点的气候条件与土壤条件不同,所以马铃薯产量存在显著的差异。但是在两试验点中,PRD50处理(隔沟交替灌溉,灌水量为经验灌水量的1/2)的产量与常规灌溉处理(C100,经验灌水量)的产量没有显著的差别,水分利用率却显著提高。研究显示,运用合理的灌溉方式,可以在保证产量不变的基础上节省用水量。另外,在易发生干旱的地区,选用适合的品种,同时采用覆膜技术对于增加马铃薯产量有着重要的作用。 | 谢开云 王晓雪 张若芳 巩秀峰 张世彪 MARES Victor GAVILAN Carla POSADAS Adolfo QUIROZ Roberto | 2012 | 中国马铃薯2012，26，1： | 7 |
| 18 | Gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection:From animal model to patient显示文摘AIM:To assess whether the use of porcine models is useful for learning endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD),thus contributing to its subsequent application in human patients.METHODS:This study/learning process was carried out in 3 phases:PhaseⅠ:Ex vivo animal;PhaseⅡ:In vivo animal;PhaseⅢ:Humans.One endoscopist performed 30 gastric ESDs in porcine models,and later 5gastric ESDs in 5 patients.The ESD was done following the method practiced at the National Cancer Center in Tokyo,Japan.Technical aspects,size,time and speed of ESD,as well as complications were registered.In patients,their clinical,endoscopic and histologic evolution was additionally added.RESULTS:Thirty en bloc ESDs were carried out in animal models.The mean±SD size of the pieces was of28.4±1.2 mm,and the time of ESD was 41.7±2.4min.The time of ESD in the first 15 procedures was 43.0±3.0 min whereas in the next 15 procedures,the time was 40.3±3.9 min,P=0.588.The speed in the first 15ESDs was 1.25±0.11 cm2/min vs 2.12±0.36 cm2/min in the remaining 15,P=0.028.There were no complications.In patients,5 lesions were resected en bloc.The size of the pieces was 25.2±5.1 mm and the time was85.0±25.6 min.Endoscopic and histological controls did not show evidence of residual neoplastic tissue.CONCLUSION:A sequential ESD training program of a unique endoscopist,based on the practice in porcine models,contributed to learning ESD for its subsequent application in humans,yielding good results in efficacy and safety. | Nicolás González Adolfo Parra-Blanco Miguel Villa-Gómez Alejandra Gamba Andrés Taullard Anaulina Silveira Alberto Sanguinetti Carolina Olano Henry Cohen | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，45： | 6 |
| 19 | Incidence and natural history of small esophageal varices in cirrhotic patients显示文摘 | Manuela Merli Giorgia Nicolini Stefania Angeloni Vittorio Rinaldi Adriano De Santis Carlo Merkel Adolfo Francesco Attili Oliviero Riggio | 2002 | Journal of Hepatology2002，，3： | 4 |
| 20 | Cirrhotic Patients Are at Risk for Health Care–Associated Bacterial Infections显示文摘 | Manuela Merli Cristina Lucidi Valerio Giannelli Michela Giusto Oliviero Riggio Marco Falcone Lorenzo Ridola Adolfo Francesco Attili Mario Venditti | 2010 | Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology2010，，11： | 3 |
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