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| 1 | Effect of Cultivation on Soil Organic Matter and Aggregate Stability显示文摘Agricultural sustainability relates directly to maintaining or enhancing soil quality. Soil quality studies in Canada during the 1980's showed that loss of soil organic matter (SOM) and soil aggregate stability was standard features of non-sustainable land management in agroecosystems. In this study total soil organic carbon (SOC), particulate organic matter (POM), POM-C as a percentage of total SOC, and aggregate stability were determined for three cultivated fields and three adjacent grassland fields to assess the impact of conventional agricultural management on soil quality. POM was investigated using solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to determine any qualitative differences that may be attributed to cultivation. Results show a highly significant loss in total SOC, POM and aggregate stability in the cultivated fields as compared to the grassland fields and a significant loss of POM-C as a percentage of total SOC.Integrated results of the NMR spectra of the POM show a loss in carbohydrate-C and an increase in aromatic-C in the cultivated fields, which translates to a loss of biological lability in the organic matter. Conventional cultivation decreased the quantity and quality of SOM and caused a loss in aggregate stability resulting in an overall decline in soil quality. | A.WILLIAMS XINGBao-Shan P.VENEMAN | 2005 | Pedosphere2005，15，2： | 32 |
| 2 | 护理仿真模拟学习的设计特征及其与学生信心和满意度的关系(英文)显示文摘[目的]描述护理仿真模拟学习的设计特征及其与学生信心和满意度的关系。[方法]对立意选样的85位护理本科生进行问卷调查,采用仿真模拟设计量表与学生满意度与自信心量表。[结果]重要的设计特征包括逼真度、引导性反思、仿真情境的问题解决、学习内容及学习支持。学生融入了支持性的学习环境,认为反思以建构式进行,允许他们分析模拟学习中的表现。设计特征与学生的信心与满意度呈正相关,较好的仿真模拟学习设计会使学生产生较高的自信心与学习满意度。[结论]合适的学习内容、引导性反思和互动学习是提高学生自信心与满意度的关键。 | 袁浩斌 Beverly A.Williams | 2014 | 护理研究(下旬版)2014，28，7： | 10 |
| 3 | “Dietary fibre”: moving beyond the “soluble/insoluble” classification for monogastric nutrition, with an emphasis on humans and pigs显示文摘This review describes dietary fibres originating from a range of foods,particularly in relation to their plant cell walls.It explores the categorization of dietary fibres into 'soluble' or 'insoluble'.It also emphasizes dietary fibre fermentability,in terms of describing how the gastro-intestinal tract(GIT) microbiota respond to a selection of fibres from these categories.Food is categorized into cereals,legumes,fruits and vegetables.Mention is also made of example whole foods and why differences in physico-chemical characteristics between 'purified' and 'non-purified'food components are important in terms of health.Lastly,recommendations are made as to how dietary fibre could be classified differently,in relation to its functionality in terms of fermentability,rather than only its solubility. | Barbara A.Williams Deirdre Mikkelsen Bernadine M.Flanagan Michael J.Gidley | 2019 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2019，10，3： | 5 |
| 4 | Landmarks in the application of electrical tomography in particle science and technology显示文摘Selected milestones in the development and use of electrical tomography in powder conveying,slurry processing and multi-phase flow are highlighted.The ability to map concentration in opaque mixtures under process-realistic conditions was a major innovation for the method and has had far reaching implications.Subsequent developments have enabled velocity information to be abstracted resulting in the ability to measure component flux and motion. | Richard A.Williams | 2010 | Particuology2010，8，6： | 4 |
| 5 | Influence of interparticle interactions on the kinetics of self-assembly and mechanical strength of nanoparticulate aggregates显示文摘Computer simulations based on Discrete Element Method have been performed in order to investigate the influence of interparticle interactions on the kinetics of self-assembly and the mechanical strength of nanoparticle aggregates.Three different systems have been considered.In the first system the interaction between particles has been simulated using the JKR(Johnson,Kendall and Roberts) contact theory,while in the second and third systems the interaction between particles has been simulated using van der Waals and electrostatic forces respectively.In order to compare the mechanical behaviour of the three systems,the magnitude of the maximum attractive force between particles has been kept the same in all cases.However,the relationship between force and separation distance differs from case to case and thus,the range of the interparticle force.The results clearly indicate that as the range of the interparticle force increases,the self-assembly process is faster and the work required to produce the mechanical failure of the assemblies increases by more than one order of magnitude. | Roberto Moreno-Atanasio Simon J.Antony Richard A.Williams | 2009 | Particuology2009，7，2： | 3 |
| 6 | A prospective study of maternal serum C‐reactive protein (CRP) concentrations and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus显示文摘 | ChunfangQiu Tanya K.Sorensen David A.Luthy Michelle A.Williams | 2004 | Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology2004，，5： | 2 |
| 7 | 欧洲木质纤维素生物质精炼的现状与前景显示文摘2012年,欧洲生物经济战略正式启动,欧盟正式将生物经济定义为:利用和生产可再生生物质资源,并将这些资源和一些废弃物转化为高附加值的生物质产品的经济模式。在该战略及其有关方案的推动下,生物质精炼逐渐成为未来生物经济的重要组成部分。目前,欧洲共有40多家木质纤维素生物质精炼厂,本文主要介绍生物质精炼领域的关键要素,包括原料来源、加工方法和生物质产品市场等,以及这一新产业面临的挑战和未来的发展机遇。欧盟旨在支持该行业实现气候和生物质能源目标,推动欧洲范围内生物质精炼以及生物经济的发展,在一定程度上也为其他国家和地区发展生物经济提供了蓝本。 | 宋雯琪(编译) Shady S.Hassan Gwilym A.Williams Amit K.Jaiswa | 2020 | 中华纸业2020，41，5： | 2 |
| 8 | Integrated optical switch matrices for packet data networks显示文摘Integrated circuit technologies are enabling intelligent,chip-based,optical packet switch matrices.Rapid real-time reconfigurability at the photonic layer using integrated circuit technologies is expected to enable cost-effective,energy-efficient,and transparent data communications.InP integrated photonic circuits offer high-performance amplifiers,switches,modulators,detectors,and de/multiplexers in the same wafer-scale processes.The complexity of these circuits has been transformed as the process technologies have matured,enabling component counts to increase to many hundreds per chip.Active–passive monolithic integration has enabled switching matrices with up to 480 components,connecting 16 inputs to 16 outputs.Integrated switching matrices route data streams of hundreds of gigabits per second.Multi-path and packet time-scale switching have been demonstrated in the laboratory to route between multiple fibre connections.Wavelength-granularity routing and monitoring is realised inside the chip.In this paper,we review the current status in InP integrated photonics for optical switch matrices,paying particular attention to the additional on-chip functions that become feasible with active component integration.We highlight the opportunities for introducing intelligence at the physical layer and explore the requirements and opportunities for cost-effective,scalable switching. | Ripalta Stabile Aaron Albores-Mejia Abhinav Rohit Kevin A.Williams | 2016 | Microsystems & Nanoengineering2016，2，1： | 2 |
| 9 | 护理本科生对模拟仿真情境下以问题为基础学习的教学实践的评价(英文)显示文摘[目的]描述护理本科生对模拟仿真情境下以问题为基础学习的教学实践的评价。[方法]对立意选样的85名澳门护理本科生进行问卷调查描述性研究,学生自愿参加36h的仿真模拟学习并完成教学实践问卷和模拟教学评价量表。[结果]在模拟教学中学生乐于进行协同工作,并认为学习目标明确,指导老师的建议对学习十分重要;学生认识到仿真学习有助于确定护理措施的优先次序,明确知识的不足,能有效地处理临床紧急情况。[结论]学生融入了支持性学习环境,在对仿真模拟病人进行护理的同时将所学的理论知识与推理技能结合;指导老师的即时反馈对提高学习质量至关重要。 | 袁浩斌 Beverly A.Williams | 2013 | 护理研究(上旬版)2013，27，9： | 2 |
| 10 | Incentives,Inequality,and Publicity显示文摘 | A.Williams | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 11 | Labor Unions as Shareholder Activists: Champions or Detractors?显示文摘 | Andrew K.Prevost Ramesh P.Rao Melissa A.Williams | 2012 | Financial Review2012，，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Angelman syndrome 2005: Updated consensus for diagnostic criteria显示文摘 | Charles A.Williams Arthur L.Beaudet JillClayton‐Smith Joan H.Knoll MartinKyllerman Laura A.Laan R. EllenMagenis AnnMoncla Albert A.Schinzel Jane A.Summers JosephWagstaff | 2006 | Genet2006，，5： | 1 |
| 13 | Benzobis(imidazolium)–Cucurbit[8]uril Complexes for Binding and Sensing Aromatic Compounds in Aqueous Solution显示文摘 | FrankBiedermann UrsRauwald MonikaCziferszky Kyle A.Williams Lauren D.Gann Bi Y.Guo Adam R.Urbach Christopher W.Bielawski Oren A.Scherman | 2010 | Chemistry – A European Journal2010，，46： | 1 |
| 14 | An Evaluation of the Effects of an Angiotensin Receptor Blocker on Health‐Related Quality of Life in Patients With High‐Normal Blood Pressure (Prehypertension) in the Trial of Preventing Hypertension (TROPHY)显示文摘 | Setareh A.Williams Eric L.Michelson Valerie A.Cain MinYang Shawna D.Nesbitt Brent M.Egan StevoJulius | 2008 | The Journal of Clinical Hypertension2008，，6： | 1 |
| 15 | Catecholaminergic innervation of interscapular brown adipose tissue in the naked mole‐rat (Heterocephalus glaber)显示文摘 | T. JOSEPH M.DALY LAURA A.WILLIAMS ROCHELLEBUFFENSTEIN | 2002 | Journal of Anatomy2002，，： | 1 |
| 16 | Speed associated with plasma pH, oxygen content, total protein and urea in an 80 km race显示文摘 | R. M.HOFFMAN T. M.HESS C. A.WILLIAMS D. S.KRONFELD K. M.GRIEWE‐CRANDELL J. E.WALDRON P. M.GRAHAM‐THIERS L. S.GAY R. K.SPLAN K. E.SAKER P. A.HARRIS | 2010 | Equine Veterinary Journal . 2010 (S34)2010，，34： | 1 |
| 17 | Evidence of augmented central pain processing in idiopathic chronic low back pain显示文摘 | ThorstenGiesecke Richard H.Gracely Masilo A. B.Grant AlfNachemson FrankPetzke David A.Williams Daniel J.Clauw | 2004 | Arthritis & Rheumatism2004，，： | 1 |
| 18 | Employee reactions to corporate social responsibility: an organizational justice framework显示文摘 | Deborah E.Rupp JyotiGanapathi Ruth V.Aguilera Cynthia A.Williams | 2006 | J. Organiz. Behav2006，，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Underwater video cameras allow for detection of North American giant salamanders (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis) in both captive and wild streams显示文摘Captive propagation and translocation are becoming vital components of conservation and management strategies for Eastern hellbender(Cryptobranchus a.alleganiensis)populations.Zoos,aquaria,universities,and state and federal agencies are concomitantly collaborating on the protection,education,and maintenance of captive populations of this unusual,cryptic salamander.Conservation strategies include the use of artificial nesting structures,collection of eggs from the wild,and head-starting individuals in zoos or hatcheries.The effects of these strategies need to be monitored,however,traditional survey and monitoring methods for the species in the wild involves rock-lifting,which has the potential to both harm habitat and alter reproductive behavior.Therefore,there is a need to develop effective,non-invasive and non-destructive methods of monitoring both wild and captive populations of Eastern hellbenders.Herein,we compare two simple,affordable,underwater video and camera systems(borescope and Aqua-Vu cameras)in their ability to 1)facilitate detection of adults under potential cover items and 2)facilitate nest detection and monitoring in both wild and captive environments.Both cameras were successful in detecting individual hellbender presence,albeit with different resolutions and detection times.The borescope was better at accessing deep cavities given its large flexible attachment which allowed for greater flexibility of scanning crevices of adult shelters.However,search time increased and even low levels of suspended sediment reduced visibility with the borescope.The Aqua-Vu camera provided greater overall visibility and faster detection of individuals under both natural and artificial shelters.There was a significant difference in the amount of time required to detect hellbenders with each camera design when searching under natural rocks(borescope:median=67.8 s,Aqua-Vu:median=39.1 s;Kruskal Wallis Test H=15.62,p<0.001)and artificial shelters(borescope:median=30.9 s,Aqua-Vu:median=13 s;Kruskal Wallis Test H=25.23,p<0.0001).We detected 8 natural nests with actively guarding males and only one individual using a wild artificial shelter.We recommend hellbender researchers utilize a combination of underwater video cameras to suit their specific survey goals in both captive and field settings.Moreover,we recommend zoo staff incorporate these methods to not only monitor captive populations but also to potentially record breeding behavior in zoos and aquariums. | Shem Unger Zeb Cline Hull Lauren Diaz John D.Groves Lori A.Williams Catherine M.Bodinof Jachowski | 2021 | Aquaculture and Fisheries2021，6，1： | 0 |
| 20 | 美国俄亥俄州橡树-山毛榉混交林森林碳储量研究(英文)显示文摘本研究量化了美国俄亥俄州橡树-山毛榉混交林森林碳储量,研究结果表明森林碳密度的增长率与其商品材积和总材积的增长率是一致的。橡树-山毛榉混交林连年增长量(CAI)和年平均增长量(MAI)高峰值分别出现在第23和46年。对于地上碳储量而言,其CAI和MAI最高值分别出现在第26年和53年。对于地上碳密度和地上商品材碳密度,其MAI高峰出现在第30年,与其同时间内总蓄积量和商品材的蓄积量出现的情况一致。了解了森林碳储量的增长和蓄积量的增加模式是相近的道理,有助于我们理解森林蓄积量增长的管理模式过渡到森林碳储量管理的模式。 | 陶玉华 Roger A.WILLIAMS | 2013 | Journal of Resources and Ecology2013，4，2： | 0 |
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