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| 1 | Vascular endothelial growth factor A, secreted in response to transforming growth factor-β1 under hypoxic conditions, induces autocrine effects on migration of prostate cancer cells显示文摘组织缺氧和转变生长 factor-β 1 (TGF-β 1 ) 在很多恶意增加脉管的 endothelial 生长因素 A (VEGFA ) 表示。组织缺氧和 TGF-β 的这效果; 1 可能为肿瘤前进和先进前列腺癌症的转移负责。在现在的学习, TGF-β 1 被显示从两根正常房间线(HPV7 和 RWPE1 ) 和前列腺癌症房间线(DU145 和 PC3 ) 导致 VEGFA 165 分泌物。相反地,刺激组织缺氧的 VEGFA 165 分泌物仅仅在前列腺癌症房间线被观察。组织缺氧导致了 TGF-β在 PC3 前列腺癌症房间的 1 表情,和 TGF-β打字我部分堵住的受体(ALK5 ) kinase 禁止者调停组织缺氧的 VEGFA 165 分泌物。组织缺氧的这效果提供新奇机制在前列腺癌症房间增加 VEGFA 表示。尽管 VEGFA 发信号的 autocrine 在前列腺癌症前进和转移被含有,联系机制糟糕被描绘。VEGFA 活动经由 VEGF 受体(VEGFR ) 被调停 1 (Flt-1 ) 并且 2 (Flk-1/KDR ) 。而 VEGFR-1 mRNA 在正常前列腺被检测,上皮的房间, VEGFR-2 mRNA 和 VEGFR 蛋白质仅仅在 PC3 房间被表示。VEGFA 165 治疗在 PC3 房间然而并非在 HPV7 房间导致了细胞外的调整信号的 kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2 ) 的 phosphorylation,建议 VEGFA 的 autocrine 功能可以特别地与前列腺癌症被联系。由 VEGFA 165 的 VEGFR-2 的激活被显示提高 PC3 房间的移植。类似的效果也被观察,内长的 VEGFA 由 TGF-β 导致了; 1 并且组织缺氧。这些调查结果说明那经由 VEGFR-2 的 VEGFA 的一个 autocrine 环为 TGF-β 的 tumorigenic 效果是批评的; 1 并且变形前列腺癌症上的组织缺氧。 | Eric Darrington Miao Zhong Bao-Han Vo Shafiq A Khan | 2012 | Asian Journal of Andrology2012，14，5： | 20 |
| 2 | 基于米氏散射理论的水中悬浮颗粒物散射特性计算显示文摘降低或减少水体中悬浮颗粒物的光散射影响是直接光谱法检测水质化学需氧量(COD)的关键技术问题。为此,依据米氏散射理论,采用改进型连分式结合后向递推算法,研究了紫外-可见光照射下水体中藻类和泥沙类悬浮颗粒物的光散射特性。通过构造球形粒子的光散射模型,在入射光波波长为200~1000 nm、悬浮颗粒物尺寸为1~200μm的条件下,分析和计算了散射光强度和角度的变化规律。仿真结果表明:当改变粒子尺寸,调节入射光波长时,两种悬浮颗粒物的散射光强与散射角度呈现显著变化,这为进一步提高基于紫外-可见吸收光谱法的水质检测精度和降低散射影响提供了依据。 | Vo Quang Sang 冯鹏 汤斌 赵敬晓 蒋上海 魏彪 | 2015 | 激光与光电子学进展2015，52，1： | 15 |
| 3 | 一种紫外-可见光谱检测水质COD预测模型优化方法显示文摘针对紫外-可见光谱法检测水质COD预测模型的精度低和收敛速度慢等问题,研究了一种基于粒子群算法联合最小二乘支持向量机(PSO_LSSVM)的水质检测COD预测模型优化方法,并引入主元分析(PCA)算法对模型输入光谱数据进行降维预处理,借以提高模型的收敛速度.结果表明,利用粒子群(PSO)算法收敛速度快和全局优化能力,优化了最小二乘支持向量机(LSSVM)模型的惩罚因子和核函数参数,避免了人为选择参数的盲目性,克服了传统LSSVM预测模型的精度较低、稳健性较差等缺点.通过以收敛时间、预测平均相对误差(MRE)和均方根误差(RMSE)为评价标准进行评估,输入样本经过PCA降维预处理的PSO_LSSVM模型的预测能力和输入样本未经过降维预处理的LSSVM模型与PSO_LSSVM模型进行了比较分析,输入样本经过PCA降维预处理的PSO_LSSVM模型预测效果最优,且此算法使用C语言实现,易于移植,这为紫外-可见光谱水质COD在线、实时性检测奠定了基础. | 汤斌 赵敬晓 魏彪 罗继阳 Vo Quang Sang 冯鹏 米德伶 | 2015 | 中国环境科学2015，35，2： | 13 |
| 4 | Two VOZ transcription factors link an E3 ligase and an NLR immune receptor to modulate immunity in rice显示文摘Nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat(NLR)proteins play critical roles in plant immunity.However,how NLRs are regulated and activate defense signaling is not fully understood.The rice(Oryza sativa)NLR receptor Piz-t confers broad-spectrum resistance to the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae and the RING-type E3 ligase AVRPIZ-T INTERACTING PROTEIN 10(APIP10)negatively regulates Piz-t accumulation.In this study,we found that APIP10 interacts with two rice transcription factors,VASCULAR PLANT ONEZINC FINGER 1(OsVOZ1)and OsVOZ2,and promotes their degradation through the 26S proteasome pathway.OsVOZ1 displays transcriptional repression activity while OsVOZ2 confers transcriptional activation activity in planta.The osvoz1 and osvoz2 single mutants display modest but opposite M.oryzae resistance in the non-Piz-t background.However,the osvoz1 osvoz2 double mutant exhibits strong dwarfism and cell death,and silencing of both genes via RNA interference also leads to dwarfism,mild cell death,and enhanced resistance to M.oryzae in the non-Piz-t background.Both OsVOZ1 and OsVOZ2 interact with Piz-t.Double silencing of OsVOZ1 and OsVOZ2 in the Piz-t background decreases Piz-t protein accumulation and transcription,reactive oxygen species-dependent cell death,and resistance to M.oryzae containing AvrPiz-t.Taken together,these results indicate that OsVOZ1 and OsVOZ2 negatively regulate basal defense but contribute positively to Piz-t-mediated immunity. | Jiyang Wang Ruyi Wang Hong Fang Chongyang Zhang Fan Zhang Zeyun Hao Xiaoman You Xuetao Shi Chan Ho Park Kangyu Hua Feng He Maria Bellizzi Kieu Thi Xuan Vo Jong-Seong Jeon Yuese Ning Guo-Liang Wang | 2021 | Molecular Plant2021，14，2： | 8 |
| 5 | Significant decrease in prevalence ofHelicobacter pylori in the Czech Republic显示文摘AIM:To study possible decrease in prevalence of Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori) infection in the Czech Republic within a 10-year period.METHODS:A total of 22 centres entered the study.The catchment areas of these centres covered cities and towns with more than 20 000 inhabitants,smaller towns(≤ 20 000 inhabitants) with surrounding villages and rural areas,and were spread over the whole country,corresponding well to the geographical distribution of the Czech population.A total of 1 837 subjects(aged 5-98 years) took part in the study,randomly selected out of 38 147 people from the general population.H.pylori infection was investigated by means of a 13 C-urea breath test.Breath samples in duplicates were analysed using isotope ratio mass spectrometry.The cut-off point was 3.5.Social and demographic characteristics were based on data from self-completed questionnaires.RESULTS:The overall prevalence of H.pylori infection was 23.5%(430/1826),and 4.8%(20/420) in children aged 15 or less.There was no statistically significant difference in prevalence between males(24.3%;208/857) and females(22.9%,222/969,P = 0.494).H.pylori infection was strongly associated with higher age,among subjects aged 55+ years,prevalence of H.pylori infection was 39.8%(252/633,P < 0.001).The highest prevalence of H.pylori infection was found among persons aged 55-64 years(43.9%,97/221) and 75+ years(37.9%,58/153).Among study subjects aged 15+ years,prevalence of H.pylori infection was significantly increased in those with lowest education(odds risk 3.19,95% CI 1.87-5.47).Compared to never married(14.1%),the prevalence of H.pylori infection was statistically significantly higher among married(35.4%,246/694,P < 0.001),divorced(36.8%,49/133,P < 0.001) and widowed study subjects(40.2%,45/112,P < 0.001),both in minimally and fully adjusted analysis.There was no significant difference in the prevalence of H.pylori infection between married and widowed subjects(35.4%,246/694 vs 40.2%,45/112,P = 0.389).There was little variation in smoking prevalence across categories of smoking and there was no evidence of an increased risk ofH.pylori infection among current or past smokers in our data(odds risk 1.04 with 95% CI 0.78-1.40 for current smokers;odds ratio 0.83 with 95% CI 0.60-1.16 for former smokers).The current prevalence of H.pylori in 2011 was significantly lower compared to the prevalence reported from identical geographical areas in 2001(23.5%vs 41.7%,P < 0.001).CONCLUSION:The overall prevalence of H.pylori infection in the general population has fallen substantially in the Czech Republic over the past 10 years. | Jan Bure Marcela Kopáová Ilona Koupil Bohumil Seifert Miluka kodová Fendrichová Jana pirková Viktor Voíek Stanislav Rejchrt TomáDouda Norbert Král Ilja Tachecí | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，32： | 8 |
| 6 | 利用T矩阵模型计算水体中非球形悬浮颗粒物光散射特性显示文摘水体中悬浮颗粒物的光散射特性是影响基于直接光谱法水质检测结果准确性的一个重要参数。依据T矩阵模型,研究了紫外-可见光照射下水体中非球形悬浮颗粒物的光散射强度特性。以藻类和泥沙类颗粒物为例,构造了椭球、圆柱和广义Chebyshev三种非球形粒子光散射模型,分析了入射光波长、悬浮颗粒物形状、复折射率与相对散射光强之间的关系,计算了不同悬浮颗粒物相对散射光强随波长、颗粒物尺寸以及旋转角变化的情况。数值仿真结果表明,不同种类非球形悬浮颗粒物的散射光强度均呈现出显著的变化。在200~800nm波长范围内,随入射波长的增大,粒子几何尺寸所带来影响逐渐减小,散射特性主要由复折射率决定。当粒子尺寸小于0.2μm或接近1μm时,在入射光波长位于紫外或红外的条件下,散射光强度较大且呈现强烈振荡;而当粒子尺寸r=0.3~0.9μm,散射强度较稳定,接近于0且受到入射光波长的干扰较小。这可为提高紫外-可见吸收光谱法的检测精度、抑制散射干扰提供一定依据。 | Vo Quang Sang 冯鹏 米德伶 汤斌 魏彪 | 2015 | 光谱学与光谱分析2015，35，10： | 7 |
| 7 | Propulsive Velocity Optimization of 3-Joint Fish Robot Using Genetic-Hill Climbing Algorithm显示文摘Underwater robot is a new research field which is emerging quickly in recent years.Previous researches in this field focuson Remotely Operated Vehicles(ROVs),Autonomous Underwater Vehicles(AUVs),underwater manipulators,etc.Fish robot,which is a new type of underwater biomimetic robot,has attracted great attention because of its silence in moving and energyefficiency compared to conventional propeller-oriented propulsive mechanism.However,most of researches on fish robots have been carried out via empirical or experimental approaches,not based ondynamic optimality.In this paper,we proposed an analytical optimization approach which can guarantee the maximum propulsivevelocity of fish robot in the given parametric conditions.First,a dynamic model of 3-joint(4 links)carangiform fishrobot is derived,using which the influences of parameters of input torque functions,such as amplitude,frequency and phasedifference,on its velocity are investigated by simulation.Second,the maximum velocity of the fish robot is optimized bycombining Genetic Algorithm(GA)and Hill Climbing Algorithm(HCA).GA is used to generate the initial optimal parametersof the input functions of the system.Then,the parameters are optimized again by HCA to ensure that the final set of parametersis the'near'global optimization.Finally,both simulations and primitive experiments are carried out to prove the feasibility ofthe proposed method. | Tuong Quan Vo Hyoung Seok Kim Byung Ryong Lee | 2009 | Journal of Bionic Engineering2009，6，4： | 6 |
| 8 | Efficacy and safety of sorafenib in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: Subanalyses of a phase III trial显示文摘 | Jordi Bruix Jean-Luc Raoul Morris Sherman Vincenzo Mazzaferro Luigi Bolondi Antonio Craxi Peter R. Galle Armando Santoro Michel Beaugrand Angelo Sangiovanni Camillo Porta Guido Gerken Jorge A. Marrero Andrea Nadel Michael Shan Marius Moscovici Dimitris Vo | 2012 | Journal of Hepatology2012，，4： | 6 |
| 9 | 稻壳制备活性炭联产二氧化硅工艺显示文摘采用物理法将稻壳炭化,炭化料用酸碱处理,固体残渣经高温水蒸汽活化制备活性炭,脱灰液体采用沉淀法制备Si O2.结果表明,用2.5 mol/L Na OH溶液按液固比10 m L/g脱灰的炭化料所制活性炭比表面积为961.8 m2/g,比不脱灰炭化料所制活性炭增加136%,总孔容积增加103.8%,对碘和亚甲基蓝的吸附容量分别为1270和300 mg/g.在10%HCl、煅烧温度600℃条件下所制Si O2粒径为40?60 nm,为无定型结构,比表面积达330 m2/g,纯度达99.84%. | 孔艳 姚常斌 曾鸣 初茉 Vo Thi Diem Kieu 许光文 | 2015 | 过程工程学报2015，15，4： | 6 |
| 10 | Are there ways to attenuate arterial calcification and improve cardiovascular outcomes in chronic kidney disease?显示文摘The risk of cardiovascular mortality among patientswith end-stage renal disease is several times higherthan general population. Arterial calcification, a markerof atherosclerosis and a predictor of cardiovascularmortality, is common in chronic kidney disease(CKD).The presence of traditional cardiovascular risk factorssuch as diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and ad-vanced age cannot fully explain the high prevalence ofatherosclerosis and arterial calcification. Other factorsspecific to CKD such as hyperphosphatemia, excess ofcalcium, high dose active vitamin D and prolonged di-alysis vintage play important roles in the developmentof arterial calcification. Due to the significant healthrisk, it is prudent to attempt to lower arterial calcifica-tion burden in CKD. Treatment of hyperlipidemia withstatin has failed to lower atherosclerotic and arteriacalcification burden. Data on diabetes and blood pres-sure controls as well as smoking cessation on cardio-vascular outcomes in CKD population are limited. Cur-rently available treatment options include non-calciumcontaining phosphate binders, low dose active vitamin D, calcimimetic agent and perhaps bisphosphonates, vitamin K and sodium thiosulfate. Preliminary data on bisphosphonates, vitamin K and sodium thiosulfate are encouraging but larger studies on efficacy and out-comes are needed. | Thanh-Mai Vo Sinee Disthabanchong | 2014 | World Journal of Cardiology2014，6，5： | 5 |
| 11 | 主元分析降维联合广义判别分类的水质检测紫外-可见光谱数据处理方法显示文摘针对环境水样快速、在线监测的需要,立足于水质(体)检测紫外-可见吸收光谱分析技术,研究了基于主元分析(PCA)的降维联合广义判别分析(GDA)分类的水质检测紫外-可见吸收光谱数据在线处理方法。通过对地表水、生活污水和工业废水共计160组水样的吸收光谱数据进行研究,结果表明:直接采用ANN-BP、SVM、LS-SVM、Fisher和GDA进行分类,虽分类精度较高,但耗时较长;采用PCA降维后再分类,虽分类精度降低,但分类速度得到了提升;采用PCA降维联合GDA分类,可在不影响分类速度的前提下,分类精度却达到最优。这为实时、在线的水质检测光谱数据分析与处理提供了一种新的途径。 | 汤斌 魏彪 吴德操 冯鹏 赵敬晓 罗继阳 Vo Quang Sang 蒋上海 | 2014 | 激光杂志2014，35，10： | 5 |
| 12 | 迭代函数系统模型在生物序列分析中的应用显示文摘介绍了关于完全基因组及蛋白质序列的测度表示.迭代函数系统(IFS)模型在分形理论中已有较长时间的研究.在此我们提出用IFS模型及递归的IFS(RIFS)模型来拟合完全基因组与蛋白质序列的测度表示.我们发现在拟合完全基因组的测度表示时,RIFS模型比IFS模型好,但在拟合蛋白质序列的测度表示时IFS模型比RIFS模型好.从IFS模型或RIFS模型中估计的参数可以用来讨论与生物分类进化及蛋白质结构预测有关的问题. | 喻祖国 Vo Anh 刘家成 | 2003 | 湘潭大学自然科学学报2003，25，3： | 5 |
| 13 | 谷粒饱对油菜品质和产量的影响显示文摘为了探明谷粒饱对油菜库源形成及产量的影响,1997年在加拿大阿尔伯达大学试验农场进行了生长调节剂谷粒饱在油菜上施用试验.结果表明,4种质量浓度(375,750,1125,1500g/hm2)中,以施用质量浓度为750g/hm2增产最显著;以单株为试验材料的研究结果表明,谷粒饱能促进油菜库(角果和种子)容增加;促进源(干物质)的形成和积累;有促进有益脂肪酸形成,抑制不利脂肪酸和总硫苷形成的作用。 | 王国槐 官春云 Stringma An Vo 陈社员 | 1998 | 湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)1998，24，4： | 4 |
| 14 | Inactivation effect of pressurized carbon dioxide on bacteriophage Qβ and ΦX174 as a novel disinfectant for water treatment显示文摘The inactivation effects of pressurized CO2 against bacteriophage Qβ and ΦX174 were investigated under the pressure of 0.3–0.9 MPa, initial concentration of 107–109PFU/mL, and temperature of17.8°C–27.2°C. The optimum conditions were found to be 0.7 MPa and an exposure time of 25 min. Under identical treatment conditions, a greater than 3.3-log reduction in bacteriophage Qβ was achieved by CO2, while a nearly 3.0 log reduction was observed for phage ΦX174. The viricidal effects of N2O(an inactivation gas with similar characteristics to CO2), normal acid(HCl), and CO2 treatment with phosphate buffered saline affirmed the chemical nature of CO2 treatment. The pumping cycle, depressurization rate, and release of intracellular substances caused by CO2 were its viricidal mechanisms. The results indicate that CO2 has the potential for use as a disinfectant without forming disinfection by-products. | Huy Thanh Vo Tsuyoshi Imai Truc Thanh Ho Masahiko Sekine Ariyo Kanno Takaya Higuchi Koichi Yamamoto Hidenori Yamamoto | 2014 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2014，26，6： | 4 |
| 15 | 陕西关中地区农民专业合作社贷款影响因素分析显示文摘为了探明农民专业合作社贷款的影响因素,以陕西省关中地区225份农民专业合作社调查问卷为依据,从资产规模、经营能力、财务规范程度、银社关系、社长因素、外部融资环境等方面选取了影响农民专业合作社获得贷款的11个因素,运用多元回归模型分析并检验了这些因素对陕西农民专业合作社获得贷款的实际影响。结果表明:合作社固定资产规模、合作社经营年限、合作社定期向银行报送会计材料、合作社社长工作经历、政府成立专门的担保机构、政府出台合作社贷款政策文件对陕西农民专业合作社实际获得贷款具有影响。 | 李坚未 赵凯 Vo Sy | 2014 | 贵州农业科学2014，42，2： | 4 |
| 16 | Dynamic spillovers between the term structure of interest rates,bitcoin,and safe‑haven currencies显示文摘This study examines the connectedness between the US yield curve components(i.e.,level,slope,and curvature),exchange rates,and the historical volatility of the exchange rates of the main safe-haven fiat currencies(Canada,Switzerland,EURO,Japan,and the UK)and the leading cryptocurrency,the Bitcoin.Results of the static analysis show that the level and slope of the yield curve are net transmitters of shocks to both the exchange rate and its volatility.The exchange rate of the Euro and the volatility of the Euro and the Canadian dollar exchange rate are net transmitters of shocks.Meanwhile,the curvature of the yield curve and the Japanese Yen,Swiss Franc,and British Pound act mainly as net receivers.Our static connectedness analysis shows that Bitcoin is mainly independent of shocks from the yield curve’s level,slope,and curvature,and from any main currency investigated.These findings hint that Bitcoin might provide hedging benefits.However,similar to the static analysis,our dynamic analysis shows that during different periods and particularly in stressful times,Bitcoin is far from being isolated from other currencies or the yield curve components.The dynamic analysis allows us to observe Bitcoin’s connectedness in times of stress.Evidence supporting this contention is the substantially increased connectedness due to policy shocks,political uncertainty,and systemic crisis,implying no empirical support for Bitcoin’s safe-haven property during stress times.The increased connectedness in the dynamic analysis compared with the static approach implies that in normal times and especially in stressful times,Bitcoin has the property of a diversifier.The results may have important implications for investors and policymakers regarding their risk monitoring and their assets allocation and investment strategies. | David Y.Aharon Zaghum Umar Xuan Vinh Vo | 2021 | Financial Innovation2021，7，1： | 4 |
| 17 | Hepatitis C virus genotype 6:Virology,epidemiology,genetic variation and clinical implication显示文摘Hepatitis C virus(HCV)is a serious public health problem affecting 170 million carriers worldwide.It is a leading cause of chronic hepatitis,cirrhosis,and liver cancer and is the primary cause for liver transplantation worldwide.HCV genotype 6(HCV-6)is restricted to South China,South-East Asia,and it is also occasionally found in migrant patients from endemic countries.HCV-6 has considerable genetic diversity with23 subtypes(a to w).Although direct sequencing followed by phylogenetic analysis is the gold standard for HCV-6 genotyping and subtyping,there are also now rapid genotyping tests available such as the reverse hybridization line probe assay(INNO-LiPAⅡ;Innogenetics,Zwijnaarde,Belgium).HCV-6 patients present with similar clinical manifestations as patients infected with other genotypes.Based on current evidence,the optimal treatment duration of HCV-6 with pegylated interferon/ribavirin should be 48 wk,although a shortened treatment duration of 24 wk could be sufficient in patients with low pretreatment viral load who achieve rapid virological response.In addition,the development of direct-acting antiviral agents is ongoing,and they give high response rate when combined with standard therapy.Herein,we review the epidemiology,classification,diagnosis and treatment as it pertain to HCV-6. | Vo Duy Thong Srunthron Akkarathamrongsin Kittiyod Poovorawan Pisit Tangkijvanich Yong Poovorawan | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，11： | 4 |
| 18 | OPERATIONAL TROPICAL CYCLONE FORECAST VERIFICATION PRACTICE IN THE WESTERN NORTH PACIFIC REGION显示文摘This paper summarizes results of a survey of the operational status of tropical cyclone(TC) forecast verifi-cation in the western North Pacific region, covering the Members of the ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee, RSMC Tokyo-Typhoon Center, and JTWC. Results of the survey indicate that significant efforts have been focused on the verification of TC forecast guidance by operational forecast agencies in the region, either individually or through international cooperation. A variety of TC forecast verification products are available to the forecasters in either real time or in post-season through multiple means, with the main focus on the deterministic track and intensity forecasts. Only a few verification products are available for probabilistic forecasts. Verification of TC precipitation and high wind forecasts are also lacking sufficient attention in the region. It would be helpful in the future to focus more attention toward these aspects and incorporate methods that will provide a greater depth of information regarding the TC forecast performance. | HUI YU SAI TICK CHAN BARBARA BROWN MASASHI KUNITSUGU EDWARD FUKADA SANGWOOK PARK WOOJEONG LEE YINGLONG XU PEOU PHALLA BOUNTEUMSYSOUPHANTHAVONG SAU WA CHANG CHE GAYAH ISMAIL RENITO BPACIENTE PATRICIA EE CHAMNONG KAEOCHADA HOA VO VAN | 2012 | Tropical Cyclone Research and Review2012，1，3： | 3 |
| 19 | The sensitivity and specificity of two methods for detecting Fasciola infections in cattle显示文摘 | Anderson N Luong T T Vo N G | 1999 | Vet Parasitol1999，83，： | 3 |
| 20 | Modern approaches to incompatible kidney transplantation显示文摘The presence of human-leukocyte antigen(HLA)-antibodies and blood group incompatibility remain a large barrier to kidney transplantation leading to increased morbidity and mortality on the transplant waiting list.Over the last decade a number of new approaches were developed to overcome these barriers.Intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG) remains the backbone of HLA desensitization therapy and has been shown in a prospective,randomized,placebo controlled trial to improve transplantation rates.Excellent outcomes with the addition of rituximab(anti-B cell) to IVIG based desensitization have been achieved.There is limited experience with bortezomib(anti-plasma cell) and eculizumab(complement inhibition) for desensitization.However,these agents may be good adjuncts for patients who are broadly sensitized with strong,complement-fixing HLA antibodies.Excellent short and long-term outcomes have been achieved in ABO incompatible transplantation with the combination of antibody removal,B cell depletion,and pre-transplant immunosuppression.Kidney paired donation has emerged as a reasonable alternative for programs who cannot provide desensitization or in conjunction with desensitization.Future therapies directed toward cytokines that alter B cell proliferation are under investigation. | Patarapha Wongsaroj Joseph Kahwaji Ashley Vo Stanley C Jordan | 2015 | World Journal of Nephrology2015，4，3： | 3 |
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