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| 1 | Mapping of a new gene for brown planthopper resistance in cultivated rice introgressed from Oryza eichingeri显示文摘Wild rice species is an important source of useful genes for cultivated rice improvement Some accessions of Oryza eichingeri (In = 24, CC) from Africa confer strong resistance to brown planthopper (BPH), whitebacked planthopper (WBPH) and bacterial blight (KB). In the present study, restriction fragments length polymorphism (RFLP) and simple sequence repeats (SSR) analysis were performed on disomic backcross plants between Oryza saliva (2n =24, AA) and O. eichingeri in order to identify the presence of O, eichingeri segments and further to localize BPH-resistant gene. In the introgression lines, 1-6 O. eichingeri segments were detected on rice chromosomes 1, 2, 6, or/and 10. The dominant BPH resistant gene, tentatively named Bphl3(t), was mapped to chromosome 2, being 6.1 and 5.5 cM away from two microsatellite markers RM240 and RM250, respectively. The transfer and localization of this gene from O. eichingeri will contribute to the improvement of BPH resistance in cultivated rice. | LIU Guoqing YAN Huihuang FU Qiang QIAN Qian ZHANG Zhitao ZHAI Wenxue ZHU Lihuang | 2001 | Chinese Science Bulletin2001，46，17： | 24 |
| 2 | An investigation into the three-dimensional cloud structure over East Asia from the CALIPSO-GOCCP Data显示文摘The spatial distribution of clouds and their seasonal variations, and the three-dimensional(3D) cloud structures over East Asia have been analyzed with the CALIPSO-GOCCP data during the period from 2007 to 2012. The results show that there is a large cloud fraction greater than 0.7 over southern China, and the largest cloud fraction appears in southwest China. Besides, a large cloud fraction occurs over the southeast of the Tibetan Plateau. The total and high cloud fractions show notable variations with seasons, while the middle and low cloud fractions vary a little. As for cloud vertical structure, significant differences of the cloud vertical distributions are observed between over land and ocean. Cloud fractions and the height of the maximum cloud fractions decline gradually with the increasing latitude, except for the vertical-latitude profiles over the Tibetan Plateau regions. The longitude-vertical cross sections show similar patterns from the longitude 70° E to 140° E, except the profiles with large cloud fractions over the Tibetan Plateau. From the horizontal distribution patterns and vertical structures of the clouds over East Asia, it is concluded that the huge terrain of the Tibetan Plateau has significant impacts on the cloud formation over the Tibetan Plateau region and the areas to the east. At last, the clouds from the CALIPSO-GOCCP observations are compared to those from the ERA-Interim reanalysis data. The results indicate that the ERA-Interim reanalysis data provide reasonable spatial distribution patterns and the vertical structures in terms of the total cloud fraction over East Asia. However, the total cloud fraction was underestimated about 20% by the ERA-Interim reanalysis data over most parts of East Asia, especially over the neighboring areas east of the Tibetan Plateau. Additionally, the ERA-interim reanalysis data overestimate the cloud fractions at each level in the vertical direction. | YIN JinFang WANG DongHai XU HuanBin ZHAI GuoQing | 2015 | Science China Earth Sciences2015，58，12： | 4 |
| 3 | Discrete element modelling of railway ballast performance considering particle shape and rolling resistance显示文摘To simulate ballast performance accurately and efficiently,the input in discrete element models should be carefully selected,including the contact model and applied particle shape.To study the effects of the contact model and applied particle shape on the ballast performance(shear strength and deformation),the direct shear test(DST)model and the large-scale process simulation test(LPST)model were developed on the basis of two types of contact models,namely the rolling resistance linear(RRL)model and the linear contact(LC)model.Particle shapes are differentiated by clumps.A clump is a sphere assembly for one ballast particle.The results show that compared with the typical LC model,the RRL method is more efficient and realistic to predict shear strength results of ballast assemblies in DSTs.In addition,the RRL contact model can also provide accurate vertical and lateral ballast deformation under the cyclic loading in LPSTs. | Yunlong Guo Chunfa Zhao Valeri Markine Can Shi Guoqing Jing Wanming Zhai | 2020 | Railway Engineering Science2020，28，4： | 4 |
| 4 | Treatment of Enzymolysis Wastewater by Centrifugation- Coagulation- Fenton Reagent Oxidation- Adsorption Process显示文摘[Objective]The study aimed to discuss the optimal conditions for the treatment of enzymolysis wastewater by centrifugation-coagulation-Fenton reagent oxidation-adsorption process.[Method]According to the water-quality characteristics of wastewater from a heparin sodium production factory of Jiangsu Province,enzymolysis wastewater was segregated from intestinal lavage wastewater and treated through centrifugation-coagulation-Fenton reagent oxidation-adsorption process,and the optimal technical parameters were determined.[Result]After enzymolysis wastewater was centrifuged at a speed of 4 000 rpm,0.6 g/L CTS as the coagulant was added to the supernatant.Hereafter,pH of the coagulated effluent was adjusted to 3,and then 1.5%(V/V)H2O2was added to the coagulated effluent;a certain amount of ferrous sulfate(n H2O2∶n FeSO4·7H2O=8∶1)was added to the mixture;the reaction conducted for 30 min,and then solution pH was adjusted to about9.Finally,the oxidized effluent flowed through a resin red until the adsorptive capacity reached 240 BV,and COD of the effluent water was lower than 100 mg/L,meeting the Grade-I standard of Comprehensive Discharge Standard of Sewage(GB8978-1996).[Conclusion]The research could provide a new process for the treatment of enzymolysis wastewater. | Jian Zhai Chunhua Jiang Guoqing Cao Xiuguo Lu | 2013 | Meteorological and Environmental Research2013，4，9： | 3 |
| 5 | Treatment of Intestinal Lavage Wastewater by Coagulation-ASBR-SBR Process显示文摘[Objective]The study aimed to discuss the optimal conditions for the treatment of intestinal lavage wastewater by coagulation-ASBR-SBR process.[Method]According to the water-quality characteristics of wastewater from a heparin sodium production factory of Jiangsu Province,intestinal lavage wastewater was segregated from enzymolysis wastewater and treated using coagulation-ASBR-SBR process,and the effects of PFS dosage,HRT of ASBR and SBR reactor on the removal rate of COD and NH+4-N were analyzed.[Result]The best dosage of PFS was 0.15 g/L,and the optimal HRT of ASBR reactor was 36 h,while the best HRT of SBR reactor was 15 h.Under the optimal conditions above,the removal rate of COD and NH+4-N reached 99.1%and 97.3%respectively,and the quality of the effluent water could reach the first standard of Comprehensive Discharge Standard of Sewage(GB8978-1996).[Conclusion]The research could provide a new process for the treatment of intestinal lavage wastewater. | Jian Zhai Chunhua Jiang Guoqing Cao Xiuguo Lu | 2013 | Meteorological and Environmental Research2013，4，8： | 2 |
| 6 | Surface Rainfall and Cloud Budgets Associated with Mei-yu Torrential Rainfall over Eastern China during June 2011显示文摘Surface rainfall and cloud budgets associated with three heavy rainfall events that occurred over eastern China during the mei-yu season in June 2011 were analyzed using 2D cumulus ensemble model simulation data. Model domain mean rainfall showed three peaks in response to three prescribed ascending motion maxima, primarily through the mean moisture convergence during the torrential rainfall period. Prescribed ascending motion throughout the troposphere produced strong convective rainfall during the first(9 June) and third(17–18 June) rainfall events, whereas strong prescribed ascending motion in the mid and upper troposphere and weak subsidence near the surface generated equally important stratiform and convective rainfall during the second rainfall event(14 June). The analysis of surface rainfall budgets reveals that convective rainfall was associated with atmospheric drying during the first event and moisture convergence during the third event. Both stratiform and convective rainfall responded primarily to moisture convergence during the second event. An analysis of grid data shows that the first and third mean rainfall maxima had smaller horizontal scales of the precipitation system than the second. | ZHAI Guoqing LI Xiaofan ZHU Peijun SHEN Hangfeng ZHANG Yuanzhi | 2014 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2014，31，6： | 2 |
| 7 | Mesoscale Modeling Study of Severe Convection over Complex Terrain显示文摘Short squall lines that occurred over Lishui, southwestern Zhejiang Province, China, on 5 July 2012, were investigated using the WRF model based on 1°× 1° gridded NCEP Final Operational Global Analysis data. The results from the numerical simulations were particularly satisfactory in the simulated radar echo, which realistically reproduced the generation and development of the convective cells during the period of severe convection. The initiation of this severe convective case was mainly associated with the uplift effect of mesoscale mountains, topographic convergence, sufficient water vapor, and enhanced low-level southeasterly wind from the East China Sea. An obvious wind velocity gradient occurred between the Donggong Mountains and the southeast coastline, which easily enabled wind convergence on the windward slope of the Donggong Mountains; both strong mid–low-level southwesterly wind and low-level southeasterly wind enhanced vertical shear over the mountains to form instability; and a vertical coupling relation between the divergence on the upper-left side of the Donggong Mountains and the convergence on the lower-left side caused the convection to develop rapidly. The convergence centers of surface streams occurred over the mountain terrain and updrafts easily broke through the lifting condensation level(LCL) because of the strong wind convergence and topographic lift, which led to water vapor condensation above the LCL and the generation of the initial convective cloud. The centers of surface convergence continually created new convective cells that moved with the southwest wind and combined along the Donggong Mountains, eventually forming a short squall line that caused severe convective weather. | Ying ZHANG Zhiyong MENG Peijun ZHU Tao SU Guoqing ZHAI | 2016 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2016，33，11： | 2 |
| 8 | Validated LC–MS/MS method for determination of YH-8, a novel PKnB inhibitor, in rat plasma and its application to pharmacokinetic study显示文摘(E)-Methyl-4-aryl-4-oxabut-2-enoate(YH-8) is a novel PKn B protein kinase inhibitor with good anti-tuberculosis activity. To evaluate its pharmacokinetics in rats, a sensitive and selective high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometric(LC–MS/MS) method has been developed and validated for the quantification of YH-8 in rat plasma for the first time. Samples were pre-treated using a liquid–liquid extraction with ethyl acetate and the chromatographic separation was performed on a C18 column by gradient elution with methanol–water as the mobile phase. YH-8 was detected using a tandem mass spectrometer in positive selected reaction monitoring(SRM) mode. Method validation revealed good linearity over the range of1–500 ng/m L for YH-8 with a lower limit of quantification(LLOQ) of 1 ng/m L. Intra- and inter-day precision of YH-8 assay in rat plasma samples were 2.0%–6.8%, with accuracy of the method being 100.69%–106.18%.Stability test showed that when spiked into rat plasma, YH-8 was stable for 12 h at room temperature, for up to15 days at -70℃, and after three freeze-thaw cycles. Extracted samples were found to be stable over 12 h in an auto-sampler. The method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of YH-8 in rats after oral administration at 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg. | Qianqian Zhai Jing Pang Guoqing Li Congran Li Xinyi Yang Liyan Yu Yucheng Wang Jian Li Xuefu You | 2015 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2015，5，5： | 2 |
| 9 | Long-term in situ measurements of the cloud-precipitation microphysical properties over East Asia显示文摘 | Jinfang Yin Donghai Wang Guoqing Zhai | 2011 | Atmospheric Research2011，，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Response of density-related fine root production to soil and leaf traits in coniferous and broad-leaved plantations in the semiarid loess hilly region of China显示文摘Fine roots are the most active and functional component of root systems and play a significant role in the acquisition of soil resources. Density is an important structural factor in forest plantations but information on changes in fine roots along a density gradient is limited. In this study, plantations of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) and Chinese pine (Pinus tabuliformis Carr.) with four density classes were analyzed for the influence of soil and leaf traits on fine root growth. Fine root biomass increased with stand density. High fine root biomass was achieved through increases in the fine root production and turnover rate in the high-density black locust plantations and through an increase in fine root production in the pine plantations. In the high-density Chinese pine stand, there was a high fine root turnover which, coupled with high fine root production, contributed to a high fine root biomass. Overall, fine root production and turnover rate were closely related to soil volumetric water content in both kinds of plantations, while fine root biomass, especially the component of necromass, was related to soil nutrient status, which refers to phosphorous content in black locust plantations and nitrogen content in Chinese pine plantations. There was a close linkage between leaf area index and fine root dynamics in the black locust plantations but not in the pine plantations. | Meimei Sun Bo-Chao Zhai Qiu-Wen Chen Guoqing Li Sheng Du | 2022 | Journal of Forestry Research2022，33，3： | 1 |
| 11 | An evaluation of ice nuclei characteristics from the long-term measurement data over north China显示文摘 | Yin Jinfang Wang Donghai Zhai Guoqing | 2012 | Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences2012，48，2： | 1 |
| 12 | A comparative study of cloud-precipitation microphysical properties between East Asia and other regions显示文摘 | Yin Jinfang Wang Donghai Zhai Guoqing | 2013 | Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan2013，91，4： | 1 |
| 13 | Efficient selection of homozy-gous lines of hybrid rice restorer with the transgene Xa21 using test cross and PCR显示文摘The homozygous restorer lines with a single copy of the transgene Xa21 have been obtained from the progenies of transgenic Minghui63 and Yanhui559 plants through PCR marker-assisted selection and test cross. These homozygoustransgenic restorer lines can be used to breed hybrid rice with high resistance to bacterial leaf blight. | MA Bojun WANG Wenming ZOU Junhuang LIU Guoqing FANG Jin ZHU Lihuang ZHAI Wenxue | 2001 | Chinese Science Bulletin2001，46，2： | 0 |
| 14 | Local Torrential Rainfall Event within a Mei-Yu Season Mesoscale Convective System:Importance of Back-Building Processes显示文摘An extreme rainfall event occurred over Hangzhou,China,during the afternoon hours on 24 June 2013.This event occurred under suitable synoptic conditions and the maximum 4-h cumulative rainfall amount was over 150 mm.This rainfall event had two major rainbands.One was caused by a quasi-stationary convective line,and the other by a backbuilding convective line related to the interaction of the outflow boundary from the first rainband and an existing low-level mesoscale convergence line associated with a mei-yu frontal system.The rainfall event lasted 4 h,while the back-building process occurred in 2 h when the extreme rainfall center formed.So far,few studies have examined the back-building processes in the mei-yu season that are caused by the interaction of a mesoscale convergence line and a convective cold pool.The two rainbands are successfully reproduced by the Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF)model with fourlevel,two-way interactive nesting.In the model,new cells repeatedly occur at the west side of older cells,and the backbuilding process occurs in an environment with large CAPE,a low LFC,and plenty of water vapor.Outflows from older cells enhance the low-level convergence that forces new cells.High precipitation efficiency of the back-building training cells leads to accumulated precipitation of over 150 mm.Sensitivity experiments without evaporation of rainwater show that the convective cold pool plays an important role in the organization of the back-building process in the current extreme precipitation case. | Honglei ZHANG Ming XUE Hangfeng SHEN Xiaofan LI Guoqing ZHAI | 2024 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2024，41，5： | 0 |
| 15 | Hailstorm Formation Enhanced by Meso-γ Vortices along a Low-Level Convergence Line显示文摘During a hailstorm event,near-surface meso-γvortices along a convergence line interact with hail cells.Herein we investigate this interaction by using observational data and a high-resolution simulation of a hailstorm that occurred over Taizhou(Zhejiang,China)on 19 March 2014.The 10-m surface wind data from automatic weather stations show that several meso-γvortices or vortex-like disturbances existed over the convergence zone and played a vital role in the evolution of the hailstorm and the location of the hail.The model results agree with the observations and present a closer correlation between the hail and the low-level meso-γvortices than those observed.The model simulation indicates that such low-level meso-γvortices can be used to predict the next 10-min hail fallout zone.The lowlevel meso-γvortices originated over the convergence zone and then fed back into the convergence field and provoked a stronger updraft.Vorticity was initiated primarily by stretching and was extended by tilting.A three-dimensional(3-D)flow analysis shows that the existence of low-level meso-γvortices could help enhance a local updraft.Furthermore,the simulation reveals that the low-level meso-γvortices formed in the bounded weak echo region(WER)at the front of the hail cell,enhancing convergence and strengthening updrafts.Graupel was broadly located between the 0°C isothermal line and the top of the clouds,roughly between the 0 and-20°C isothermal lines.Accordingly,the hailstones grew rapidly.The suitable environment and the positive effect of the meso-γvortices on the updrafts enabled hailstorm formation. | Honglei ZHANG Hangfeng SHEN Guoqing ZHAI | 2020 | Journal of Meteorological Research2020，34，6： | 0 |
| 16 | Segregation Treatment and Resource Recycling of Enteric Coating and Heparin Sodium Manufacturing Wastewater显示文摘Firstly,the water-quality characteristics of intestinal lavage wastewater and enzymolysis wastewater from the typical heparin sodium productive process were analyzed,and then the segregation treatment was applied in the treatment of enteric coating and heparin sodium manufacturing wastewater. Finally,the treatment of the two kinds of wastewater by different methods were discussed. The results showed that,COD of enzymolysis wastewater treated by centrifugation-coagulation-Fenton reagent oxidation-adsorption process was lower than 100 mg /L,while intestinal lavage wastewater treated by coagulation-ASBR-SBR process could meet the first standard of Comprehensive Discharge Standard of Sewage( GB8978-1996) after one month of continuous operation. | Jiang Chunhua Zhai Jian Cao Guoqing Lu Xiuguo Ling Shulei Zhang Jing | 2014 | Meteorological and Environmental Research2014，5，4： | 0 |
| 17 | A Modified Double-Moment Bulk Microphysics Scheme Geared toward the East Asian Monsoon Region显示文摘Representation of cloud microphysical processes is one of the key aspects of numerical models.An improved double-moment bulk cloud microphysics scheme(named IMY)was created based on the standard Milbrandt-Yau(MY)scheme in the Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF)model for the East Asian monsoon region(EAMR).In the IMY scheme,the shape parameters of raindrops,snow particles,and cloud droplet size distributions are variables instead of fixed constants.Specifically,the shape parameters of raindrop and snow size distributions are diagnosed from their respective shape-slope relationships.The shape parameter for the cloud droplet size distribution depends on the total cloud droplet number concentration.In addition,a series of minor improvements involving detailed cloud processes have also been incorporated.The improved scheme was coupled into the WRF model and tested on two heavy rainfall cases over the EAMR.The IMY scheme is shown to reproduce the overall spatial distribution of rainfall and its temporal evolution,evidenced by comparing the modeled results with surface gauge observations.The simulations also successfully capture the cloud features by using satellite and ground-based radar observations as a reference.The IMY has yielded simulation results on the case studies that were comparable,and in ways superior to MY,indicating that the improved scheme shows promise.Although the simulations demonstrated a positive performance evaluation for the IMY scheme,continued experiments are required to further validate the scheme with different weather events. | Jinfang YIN Donghai WANG Guoqing ZHAI Hong WANG Huanbin XU Chongjian LIU | 2022 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2022，39，9： | 0 |
| 18 | Physical processes associated with movement of maximum wind of Typhoon Rammasun(2014)显示文摘In this study,the movement of the maximum wind of Typhoon Rammasun(2014)was measured by the radial movement of the maximum symmetric rotational kinetic energy.The weather research and forecasting(WRF)model was used to simulate Typhoon Rammasun,and validated simulation data for the lower troposphere were analyzed to examine the physical processes responsible for the radial movement of the maximum wind.The radii,where maximum symmetric rotational kinetic energy and its maximum tendency were located,were compared to explain radial movement.The tendency in the lower troposphere is controlled by the flux convergence of symmetric rotational kinetic energy and the conversion from symmetric divergent kinetic energy to symmetric rotational kinetic energy,as well as frictional dissipation in the symmetric rotational kinetic energy budget.The inward movement before rapid intensification(RI)resulted from radial flux convergence;cyclonic circulation develops while moving inward.Stationary maximum symmetric rotational kinetic energy and RI were caused by the conversion,which was observed to be proportional to the symmetric rotational kinetic energy.Landfall increased terrain-induced friction dissipation,which led to outward movement and ended the RI. | Xin QUAN Xiaofan LI Guoqing ZHAI | 2023 | Frontiers of Earth Science2023，17，2： | 0 |
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