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| 1 | Immune mechanisms of Concanavalin A model of autoimmune hepatitis显示文摘As a chronic inflammatory disease of the liver,the pathogenic mechanisms of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) have not yet been elucidated,with prognosis and diagnosis remaining unsatisfied.Currently the only viable treatments of AIH are immunosuppressant application and liver transplantation.It is considered that lack of good animal AIH models is the main reason for the shortage of a simple and efficient cure.The Concanavalin A (Con A) model is a typical and well established model for investigating T-cell and macrophage dependent liver injury in mice,which closely mimics the pathogenesis mechanisms and pathological changes of patients,and is regarded as the best experimental model for AIH research so far.In this paper we eluci-dated the pathogenic mechanisms of AIH and the evolution of relative animal models.We go on to further focus on Con A-induced liver injury from the point of immunological mechanisms and the change of cytokine levels.Finally,we manifested the clinical significance of the AIH animal models and the challenges they would meet during their future development. | Hai-Xia Wang Man Liu Shun-Yan Weng Jing-Jing Li Chao Xie Hong-Lin He Wen Guan Yun-Sheng Yuan Jin Gao | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，2： | 52 |
| 2 | Correction of a genetic disease by CRISPR-Cas9-mediated gene editing in mouse spermatogonial stem cells显示文摘Spermatogonial 干细胞(SSC ) 能在移植以后生产众多的男配偶子进接受者睾丸,介绍为基因治疗和修改基因的动物的连续生产的一条珍贵途径。然而, SSC 的成功的基因操作被限制了,部分由于复杂性和当前可得到的基因编辑技术的低效率。这里,我们证明有效基因修正能用 CRISPR-Cas9 系统被介绍进 SSC。我们使用了 CRISPR-Cas9 系统变异在 SCC 的 EGFP transgene 或内长的 Crygc 基因。变异的 SSC 在移植以后经历了精子发生进不肥沃的老鼠睾丸的生精的小管。圆 spermatids 被产生并且在进成熟卵母细胞的注射以后,支持了显示相应变异的显型的异质接合的后代的生产。而且,在 Crygc 的一个引起疾病的变化(在 SSC 先存在的 Crygc −/−) 能乐意地到加入的 CRISPR-Cas9-induced nonhomologous 结束(NHEJ ) 或指导相同的修理(HDR ) 被修理,导致没有是的离开目标修正的证据带改正的基因的 SSC 线由整个染色体的定序出现。用从这些线产生的圆 spermatids 的授精在 100% 的效率与改正的显型产生了后代。我们的结果表明有效基因由 CRISPR-Cas9 系统在老鼠 SSC 编辑,并且提供在 SSC 经由基因修正治好基因疾病的原则的证明。 | Yuxuan Wu Hai Zhou Xiaoying Fan Ying Zhang Man Zhang Yinghua Wang Zhenfei Xie Meizhu Bai Qi Yin Dan Liang Wei Tang Jiaoyang Liao Chikai Zhou Wujuan Liu Ping Zhu Hongshan Guo Hong Pan Chunlian Wu Huijuan Shi Ligang Wu Fuchou Tang Jinsong Li | 2015 | Cell Research2015，25，1： | 37 |
| 3 | Influence of ginsenoside Rg1, a panaxatriol saponin from Panax notoginseng, on renal fibrosis in rats with unilateral ureteral obstruction显示文摘Total saponins of Panax notoginseng (PNS) have been shown to ameliorate renal interstitial fibrosis. Ginsenoside Rg1, a panaxatriol saponin, is one of the major active molecules from PNS. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on renal fibrosis in rats with unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). The rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: sham-operation (n=15), UUO (n=15) and UUO with ginsenoside Rg1 treatment (n=15, 50 mg per kg body weight, intraperito- neally (i.p.) injected). The rats were sacrificed on Days 7 and 14 after the surgery. Histological examination demonstrated that ginsenoside Rg1 significantly inhibited interstitial fibrosis including tubular injury as well as collagen deposition. α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and E-cadherin are two markers of tubular epithelial-myofibroblast transition (TEMT). Interestingly, ginsenoside Rg1 notably decreased α-SMA expression and simultaneously enhanced E-cadherin expression. The messenger RNA (mRNA) of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), a key mediator to regulate TEMT, in the obstructed kidney increased dra- matically, but was found to decrease significantly after administration of ginsenoside Rg1. Further study showed that ginsenoside Rg1 considerably decreased the levels of both active TGF-β1 and phosphorylated Smad2 (pSmad2). Moreover, ginsenoside Rg1 substantially suppressed the expression of thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), a cytokine which can promote the transcription of TGF-β1 mRNA and the activation of latent TGF-β1. These results suggest that ginsenoside Rg1 inhibits renal interstitial fibrosis in rats with UUO. The mechanism might be partly related to the blocking of TEMT via suppressing the expression of TSP-1. | Xi-sheng XIE Man YANG Heng-cuang LIU Chuan ZUO Zi LI Yao DENG Jun-ming FAN | 2008 | Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology)2008，9，11： | 34 |
| 4 | Diffusion tensor imaging detects Wallerian degeneration of the corticospinal tract early after cerebral infarction显示文摘To investigate the feasibility and time window of early detection of Wallerian degeneration in the corticospinal tract after middle cerebral artery infarction,23 patients were assessed using magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging at 3.0T within 14 days after the infarction.The fractional anisotropy values of the affected corticospinal tract began to decrease at 3 days after onset and decreased in all cases at 7 days.The diffusion coefficient remained unchanged.Experimental findings indicate that diffusion tensor imaging can detect the changes associated with Wallerian degeneration of the corticospinal tract as early as 3 days after cerebral infarction. | Ruiman Xie Min Fang Linjiang Zhou Shanghua Fan Jianying Liu Hongbo Quan Man Luo Dongying Qiu | 2012 | Neural Regeneration Research2012，7，12： | 20 |
| 5 | Effects of advanced glycation end products on renal fibrosis and oxidative stress in cultured NRK-49F ceils显示文摘背景先进 glycation 结束产品(年龄) 在糖尿病的 nephropathy 的发展起一个关键作用。反应的氧种类(ROS ) 可以在年龄起一个关键作用导致的生长因素表示。在这研究,转变生长因素 1 上的年龄( TGF-1 )的效果,结缔组织生长因素( CTGF )和在有教养的 NRK-49F 细胞的 mRNA 表示和氧化应力是的 fibronectin ( Fn ), examined.Methods NRK-49F 细胞与包含年龄的不同剂量的媒介被孵化( 50 , 100 或 200 g/ml )为 24 个小时,或与年龄在不同时间( 0 , 12 , 24 或 48 个小时)的 100 g/ml 。在包含 25 mmol/L 葡萄糖的没有浆液的媒介或媒介的房间是控制。房间与 25 mmol/L 葡萄糖和 100 g/ml 年龄被对待 24 个小时决定在年龄和葡萄糖之间的效果。我们与 N-acetylcysteine (10 mmol/L ) 由 pretreating 房间澄清了抗氧化剂的角色,为 24 个小时并且与 100 g/ml 的白果树 biloba 摘录(50 或 100 mg/L ) 变老为推进 24 个小时。Alamarblue 染料试金被用来分析房间生长;细胞内部的 ROS 产生被流动 cytometry 测量;由荧光 spectrophotometry 的细胞内部的谷胱甘肽;到 semiquantitative RT-PCR.Results 年龄的 TGF-1, CTGF 和 Fn mRNA 的表情显著地增加了 TGF-1, CTGF, Fn mRNA 和细胞内部的 ROS 产生的表情,并且减少在在剂量依赖者和时间依赖者礼貌的 NRK-49F 房间的 glutathion 水平。高葡萄糖和年龄一起显著地增加了 TGF-1, CTGF 和 Fn mRNA 的表示,与年龄和高葡萄糖相比独立。有 N-acetylcysteine 或白果树 biloba 摘录的 Preincubation 增加了 GSH mRNA overexpression.Conclusions 变老的水平,压制的导致年龄的氧化压力和 TGF-1, CTGF 和 Fn 显著地装 TGF-1 的增加表示, CTGF,在通过氧化应力的改进的 NRK-49F 房间的 Fn mRNA。年龄的累积可以在糖尿病的 nephropathy 在 tubulointerstitial 纤维变性的致病起一个枢轴的作用。年龄的抑制导致了 TGF-1, CTGF 和 Fn mRNA 在通过氧化应力的抑制的肾的成纤维细胞的 overexpression 可以是在糖尿病的 nephropathy 位于白果树 biloba 摘录的效果下面的机制。另外,抗氧化剂治疗可以帮助阻止年龄累积和它的导致的损坏。 | YAN Hai-dong LI Xue-zhu XIE Jun-mei LI Man | 2007 | Chinese Medical Journal2007，，9： | 17 |
| 6 | Arogenate Dehydratase Isoforms Differentially Regulate Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana显示文摘Anthocyanins,一组 L 本氨基丙酸(Phe ) 导出 flavonoids,被表明了在在植物和昆虫之间的植物压力抵抗和相互作用起重要作用。尽管 anthocyanin biosynthetic 小径和它的规章的机制广泛地被学习了, Phe 供应的水平是否影响 anthocyanin 生合成,仍然保持不清楚。这里,我们调查了 arogenate dehydratases (ADT ) 的角色,催化 arogenate 的变换进 Phe 的关键酶,在在 Arabidopsis 的导致蔗糖的 anthocyanin 生合成。基因分析证明所有六 ADT isoforms 在 anthocyanin 生合成冗余地工作,但是有微分贡献。ADT2 贡献大多数到 anthocyanin 累积,由 ADT1 和 ADT3 列在后面,并且 ADT4-ADT6。我们发现 anthocyanin 内容断然在幼苗与 Phe 和导致蔗糖的 ADT 抄本的层次被相关。一致地,到媒介的 Phe 的增加能戏剧性地在野类型的植物增加 anthocyanin 内容并且救 adt1 adt3 的显型关于 anthocyanin 累积的两倍异种。而且,转基因的植物 overexpressing ADT4,比 ADT2 的 overexpression 对 Phe 显得是更少敏感, hyperaccumulate Phe 并且生产 anthocyanins 的提高的水平。一起拿,我们的结果建议 Phe 的水平是为支撑 anthocyanin 生合成的一个重要规章的因素。 | Qingbo Chen Cong Man Danning Li Huijuan Tan Ye Xie Jirong Huang | 2016 | Molecular Plant2016，9，12： | 12 |
| 7 | Tom70 serves as a molecular switch to determine pathological cardiac hypertrophy显示文摘病理学的心脏的肥大是心失败的不可避免的 forerunner。不管心脏的肥大的病原学, cardiomyocyte mitochondrial 改变总是在这上下文被观察。mitochondrial 先锋蛋白质的进口调节在 pathophysiological 下面维持 mitochondrial 功能的外部膜(汤姆) 建筑群管理的 mitochondrial 的 translocases;然而,它在病理学的心脏的肥大的发展的角色仍然保持不清楚。这里,我们证明 Tom70 是在从人和试验性的动物的病理学的 hypertrophic 心的 downregulated。在 Tom70 表示的减小在 vivo 并且在 vitro 生产了不同病理学的 cardiomyocyte 肥大。指向 Tom70 的眼的 atrophy-1 的有缺点的 mitochondrial 进口触发了细胞内部的氧化应力,它导致了病理学的细胞的回答。重要地,如果有到多样的 pro-hypertrophic 的完整的抵抗的 cardiomyocytes 侮辱,增加了 Tom70 层次。一起,这些结果表明 Tom70 充当安排 hypertrophic 压力和 mitochondrial 回答决定病理学的心脏的肥大的一个分子的开关。 | Jun Li Man Qi Changming Li Dan Shi Dasheng Zhang Duanyang Xie Tianyou Yuan Jing Feng Yi Liu Dandan Liang Xinran Xu Jinjin Chen Liang Xu Hong Zhang Jiangchuan Ye Fei LV Jian Huang Luying Peng Yi-Han Chen | 2014 | Cell Research2014，24，8： | 9 |
| 8 | A Crucial Role of GA-Regulated Flavonol Biosynthesis in Root Growth of Arabidopsis显示文摘Flavonols have been demonstrated to play many important roles in plant growth, development, and communication with other organisms. Flavonol biosynthesis is spatiotemporally regulated by the subgroup 7 R2R3-MYB (SG7 MYB) transcription factors including MYB11/MYB12/MYB111. However, whether SG7- MYB activity is subject to post-translational regulation remains unclear. Here, we show that gibberellic acid (GA) inhibits flavonol biosynthesis via DELLA proteins in Arabidopsis. Protein-protein interaction analyses revealed that DELLAs (RGA and GAI) interacted with SG7 MYBs (MYB12 and MYB111) both in vitro and in vivo, leading to enhanced affinity of MYB binding to the promoter regions of key genes for flavonol biosynthesis and thus increasing their transcriptional levels. We observed that the level of auxin in the root tip was negatively correlated with root flavonol content. Furthermore, genetic assays showed that loss-of-function mutations in MYB 12, which is predominantly expressed in roots, partially rescued the short-root phenotype of the GA-deficient mutant ga1-3 by increasing root meristem size and mature cell size. Consistent with these observations, exogenous application of the flavonol quercetin restored the root meristem size of myb12 ga1-3 to that of ga1-3. Taken together, our data elucidate a molecular mechanism by which GA promotes root growth by directly reducing flavonol biosynthesis. | Huijuan Tan Cong Man Ye Xie Jijun Yan Jinfang Chu Jirong Huang | 2019 | Molecular Plant2019，12，4： | 8 |
| 9 | Mucus production stimulated by IFN-AhR signaling triggers hypoxia of COVID-19显示文摘Silent hypoxia has emerged as a unique feature of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).In this study,we show that mucins are accumulated in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)of COVID-19 patients and are upregulated in the lungs of severe respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)-infected mice and macaques.We find that induction of either interferon(IFN)-P or IFN-y upon SARS-CoV-2 infection results in activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor(AhR)signaling through an IDO-Kyn-dependent pathway,leading to transcriptional upregulation of the expression of mucins,both the secreted and membrane-bound,in alveolar epithelial cells.Consequently,accumulated alveolar mucus affects the blood-gas barrier,thus inducing hypoxia and diminishing lung capacity,which can be reversed by blocking AhR activity.These findings potentially explain the silent hypoxia formation in COVID-19 patients,and suggest a possible intervention strategy by targeting the AhR pathway. | Yuying Liu Jiadi Lv Jiangning Liu Man Li Jing Xie Qi Lv Wei Deng Nannan Zhou Yabo Zhou Jiangping Song Peng Wang Chuan Qin Wei-Min Tong Bo Huang | 2020 | Cell Research2020，30，12： | 5 |
| 10 | Artemisinin Biosynthesis in Non-glandular Trichome Cells of Artemisia annua显示文摘Artemisinin-based combination therapy(ACT)forms the first line of malaria treatment.However,the yield fluctuation of artemisinin has remained an unsolved problem in meeting the global demand for ACT.This problem is mainly caused by the glandular trichome(GT)-specific biosynthesis of artemisinin in all currently used Artemisia annua cultivars.Here,we report that non-GT cells of self-pollinated inbred A.annua plants can express the artemisinin biosynthetic pathway.Gene expression analysis demonstrated the transcription of six known pathway genes in GT-free leaves and calli of inbred A.annua plants.LC-qTOF-MS/MS analysis showed that these two types of GT-free materials produce artemisinin,artemisinic acid,and arteannuin B.Detailed IR-MALDESI image profiling revealed that these three metabolites and dihydroartemisinin are localized in non-GT cells of leaves of inbred A.annua plants.Moreover,we employed all the above approaches to examine artemisinin biosynthesis in the reported XL annua glandless(gl)mutant.The resulting data demonstrated that leaves of regenerated gl plantlets biosynthesize artemisinin.Codectively,these findings not only add new knowledge leading to a revision of the current dogma of artemisinin biosynthesis inannua but also may expedite innovation of novel metabolic engineering approaches for high and stable production of artemisinin in the future. | Rika Judd M.Caleb Bagley Mingzhuo Li Yue Zhu Caiyan Lei Seyit Yuzuak Mans Ekelof Gaobin Pu Xiting Zhao David C.Muddiman De-Yu Xie | 2019 | Molecular Plant2019，12，5： | 5 |
| 11 | Lichtenstein inguinal hernia repairs with porcine small intestine submucosa: a 5- year follow-up. a prospective randomized controlled study显示文摘Porcine small intestine submucosa(SIS)biologic patch has been used in inguinal hernia repair.However,there are lttle data available to assess the long-term effect after repair.This study aimed to explore the long-term effect of SIS patch in open inguinal hernia repair.Sevent-six patients with unilateral inguinal hernia were treated with Lichtenstein tension-free hernia repair using SIS patch(Beijing Datsing Bio-Tech Co,Ltd.)and Surgisis patch(COOK,USA)in Tianjn Union Medical Center and China-Japan Friendship Hospital.In the trial,the long-term efficacy of the treatment group and the control group were compared.A total of 66 patients in both groups received long-term follow-up(>5years)after surgery,with a followup rate of 86.8%.During the follow-up period,there was one case of recurrence,one case of chronic pain in the control group.There was no statistically significant difference(P>0.05)in terms of recurrence,chronic pain,foreign body sensation and infection between the two groups of patients.After long-term observations,it has been found that the porcine small intestinal submucosa(SIS)biological patch is safe and effective for inguinal hernia Lichtenstein repair,and has a low recurrence rate and complication rate. | Baoshan Li Xin Zhang Yi Man Jiadong Xie Wei Hu Huang Huang Yinlong Wang Hongguang Ma | 2021 | Regenerative Biomaterials2021，8，1： | 5 |
| 12 | Preparation and electrochemical properties of re-synthesized LiCoO_2 from spent lithium-ion batteries显示文摘A new idea for reuse of the cathode materials of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) is investigated to develop an environmentally friend-ly process for recycling spent batteries.LiCoO2 is re-synthesized from spent LIBs by leaching and a sol-gel method calcined at high temperature.Thermogravimetric analysis(TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) are employed to study the re-actions occurring calcination that are responsible for the weight losses.X-ray diffraction(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) are used to determine the structures of the LiCoO2 powders.It was found that a pure phase of LiCoO2 can be obtained by the re-synthesis process.Cyclic voltammetry(CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) are used to evaluate the electrochemical properties of the LiCoO2 powders.The discharge capacity of re-synthesized LiCoO2 is 137 mAh g-1 at the 0.1 C rate,and the capacity retention of the re-synthesized LiCoO2 is 97.98% after 20 cycles at the 0.1 C rate,and 88.14% after 40 cy-cles.The results indicate that the re-synthesized LiCoO2 displays good charge/discharge performance and cycling behavior. | LI Li CHEN RenJie ZHANG XiaoXiao WU Feng GE Jing XIE Man | 2012 | Chinese Science Bulletin2012，57，32： | 4 |
| 13 | Pristine PN junction toward atomic layer devices显示文摘In semiconductor manufacturing,PN junction is formed by introducing dopants to activate neighboring electron and hole conductance.To avoid structural distortion and failure,it generally requires the foreign dopants localize in the designated micro-areas.This,however,is challenging due to an inevitable interdiffusion process.Here we report a brand-new junction architecture,called'layer PN junction',that might break through such limit and help redefine the semiconductor device architecture.Different from all existing semiconductors,we find that a variety of van der Waals materials are doping themselves from n-to p-type conductance with an increasing/decreasing layer-number.It means the capability of constructing homogeneous PN junctions in monolayers'dimension/precision,with record high rectification-ratio(>10^(5))and low cut-off current(<1 pA).More importantly,it spawns intriguing functionalities,like gate-switchable-rectification and noise-signal decoupled avalanching.Findings disclosed here might open up a path to develop novel nanodevice applications,where the geometrical size becomes the only critical factor in tuning charge-carrier distribution and thus functionality. | Hui Xia Man Luo Wenjing Wang Hailu Wang Tianxin Li Zhen Wang Hangyu Xu Yue Chen Yong Zhou Fang Wang Runzhang Xie Peng Wang Weida Hu Wei Lu | 2022 | Light(Science & Applications)2022，11，7： | 4 |
| 14 | Risk factors for de novo hepatitis B infection in pediatric living donor liver transplantation显示文摘AIM: To investigate the incidence of de novo hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection after pediatric living donor liver transplantation(LDLT) and to analyze the risk factors associated with this de novo HBV infection. METHODS: The clinical and laboratory data of children who underwent LDLT from June 2010 to September 2012 in First Center Hospital in Tianjin, China, were retrospectively included in the study. Intrahepatic HBV DNA in donors and recipients was quantified by realtime polymerase chain reaction using DNA extracted from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. RESULTS: Between June 2010 to September 2012, 32 consecutive pediatric patients underwent LDLT in our institute. Thirty LDLT patients(13 girls and 17 boys) were followed up for a median of 15 mo, of whom 53.3%(16/30) were hepatitis B core antibody(HBcAb) positive and 36.7%(11/30) were hepatitis B surface antibody(HBsAb)/HBcAb positive before transplantation. Sixteen of the children received HBcAb-positive allografts, and 43.7%(7/16) of the grafts were found to be intrahepatic HBV DNA positive. De novo HBV infection developed in 16.1%(5/30) of the children within a median of 11 mo after transplantation. All five of the HBV-infected children had received HBcAb-positive allografts, four of which were intrahepatic HBV DNA positive. Two of the children developed de novo HBV infection despite the preoperative presence of both HBsAb and HBcAb CONCLUSION: In pediatric recipients, positive intrahepatic HBV DNA in allografts could be a risk factor for de novo HBV infection from HBcAb-positive allografts. HBsAb/HBcAb positivity in pediatric LDLT patients before transplantation exhibited only weak effectiveness in protecting them against de novo HBV infection from HBcAb-positive allografts. | Wei Rao Man Xie Tao Yang Jian-Jun Zhang Wei Gao Yong-Lin Deng Hong Zheng Cheng Pan Yi-He Liu Zhong-Yang Shen | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，36： | 4 |
| 15 | Ectopic expression of VRT-A2 underlies the origin of Triticum polonicum and Triticum petropavlovskyi with long outer glumes and grains显示文摘Polish wheat (Triticum polonicum) is a unique tetraploid wheat species characterized by an elongated outer glume. The genetic control of the long-glume trait by a single semi-dominant locus, P1 (from Polish wheat), was established more than 100 years ago, but the underlying causal gene and molecular nature remain elusive. Here, we report the isolation of VRT-A2, encoding an SVP-clade MADS-box transcription factor, as the P1 candidate gene. Genetic evidence suggests that in T. polonicum, a naturally occurring sequence rearrangement in the intron-1 region of VRT-A2 leads to ectopic expression of VRT-A2 in floral organs where the long-glume phenotype appears. Interestingly, we found that the intron-1 region is a key ON/OFF molecular switch for VRT-A2 expression, not only because it recruits transcriptional repressors, but also because it confers intron-mediated transcriptional enhancement. Genotypic analyses using wheat accessions indicated that the P1 locus is likely derived from a single natural mutation in tetraploid wheat, which was subsequently inherited by hexaploid T. petropavlovskyi. Taken together, our findings highlight the promoter-proximal intron variation as a molecular basis for phenotypic differentiation, and thus species formation in Triticum plants. | Jing Liu Zhaoyan Chen Zhihui Wang Zhaoheng Zhang Xiaoming Xie Zihao Wang Lingling Chai Long Song Xuejiao Cheng Man Feng Xiaobo Wang Yanhong Liu Zhaorong Hu Jiewen Xing Zhenqi Su Huiru Peng Mingming Xin Yingyin Yao Weilong Guo Qixin Sun Jie Liu Zhongfu Ni | 2021 | Molecular Plant2021，14，9： | 4 |
| 16 | Low-cost and high-strength Mg-Al-Ca-Zn-Mn wrought alloy with balanced ductility显示文摘A novel low-cost Mg-Al-Ca-Zn-Mn-based alloy was developed to simultaneously improve its strength and ductility.The high yield strength of 411 MPa and the high elongation to failure of~8.9%have been achieved in the as-extruded Mg-1.3Al-1.2Ca-0.5Zn-0.6Mn(wt%)sample.Microstructure characterizations showed that the high strength is mainly associated with the ultra-fined dynamically recrystallized(DRXed)grains.Moreover,high-density dislocations in the un-DRXed region and nano-precipitates are distributed among theα-Mg matrix.The high ductility property can be ascribed to the high volume fraction of DRXed grains with a much randomized texture,as well as the formations of high-density subgrains in the un-DRXed grain regions. | Kun Yang Hucheng Pan Sen Du Man Li Jingren Li Hongbo Xie Qiuyan Huang Huajun Mo Gaowu Qin | 2022 | International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials2022，29，7： | 3 |
| 17 | Ecological Offsetting in China's Coastal Wetlands: Existing Challenges and Strategies for Future Improvement显示文摘Land-use changes in coastal wetlands have led to a worldwide degradation of marine coastal ecosystems and a loss of the ecological services they provide. Ecological offsetting is a popular strategy and an effective mitigation measure for ecosystems that have been degraded, damaged, or destroyed and is critical for habitats where natural recovery is hindered. However, the current understanding of the theory and practice of ecological offsetting for coastal wetlands is extremely limited in many developing countries. We conducted a review of ecological offsetting for coastal wetlands projects and studies in China in 1979–2017 to explore the application and limitations of ecological offsetting theory. It was found that China's coastal ecological offsetting regime has recently entered a rapidly developing stage, with an increasing number of different types of offsetting projects conducted, but theoretical research lags behind practical applications. Considerable governmental, social, technological and ethical challenges remain to resolve. Coastal ecological offsetting schemes have been inconsistent in meeting conservation objectives or preventing net losses because of the challenges of ensuring they are fully consistent in practice(mainly in-kind offsets) and theory(mainly out-of-kind offsets). Ecological offsetting projects were primarily implemented by government, developers, and non-profit organizations. The available funding of coastal ecological offsetting projects is insufficient, which makes ecological offsetting a risky operation. Therefore, we propose strategies for improvement that integrate the consideration of theoretical and practical challenges in the offsetting process, while providing a scientific basis and directional guidance for the future practice of biodiversity conservation and environmental management. | YU Shuling CUI Baoshan XIE Chengjie MA Xu MAN Ying NING Zhonghua | 2019 | Chinese Geographical Science2019，29，2： | 3 |
| 18 | Fusobacterium nucleatum enhances the efficacy of PD-L1 blockade in colorectal cancer显示文摘Given that only a subset of patients with colorectal cancer(CRC)benefit from immune checkpoint therapy,efforts are ongoing to identify markers that predict immunotherapeutic response.Increasing evidence suggests that microbes influence the efficacy of cancer therapies.Fusobacterium nucleatum induces different immune responses in CRC with different microsatellite-instability(MSI)statuses.Here,we investigated the effect of F.nucleatum on anti-PD-L1 therapy in CRC.We found that high F.nucleatum levels correlate with improved therapeutic responses to PD-1 blockade in patients with CRC.Additionally,F.nucleatum enhanced the antitumor effects of PD-L1 blockade on CRC in mice and prolonged survival.Combining F.nucleatum supplementation with immunotherapy rescued the therapeutic effects of PD-L1 blockade.Furthermore,F.nucleatum induced PD-L1 expression by activating STING signaling and increased the accumulation of interferon-gamma(IFN-γ)^(+)CD8^(+)tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes(TILs)during treatment with PD-L1 blockade,thereby augmenting tumor sensitivity to PD-L1 blockade.Finally,patient-derived organoid models demonstrated that increased F.nucleatum levels correlated with an improved therapeutic response to PD-L1 blockade.These findings suggest that F.nucleatum may modulate immune checkpoint therapy for CRC. | Yaohui Gao Dexi Bi Ruting Xie Man Li Jing Guo Hu Liu Xianling Guo Juemin Fang Tingting Ding Huiyuan Zhu Yuan Cao Meichun Xing Jiayi Zheng Qing Xu Qian Xu Qing Wei Huanlong Qin | 2021 | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy2021，6，12： | 3 |
| 19 | Trp_(548)Met mutation of acetolactate synthase in rice confers resistance to a broad spectrum of ALS-inhibiting herbicides显示文摘Herbicide resistance in crop plants is valuable for integrated weed management in agriculture. Herbicide resistant rice, in particular, is important to management of weedy rice, a close relative of cultivated rice and a noxious weed prevalent in rice fields that remains challenging to farmers worldwide. Herbicide resistant plants can be obtained through transgenic approach or by mutagenesis of regular plant and screening of mutants with elevated resistance to herbicide. In this study, we conducted ethyl methyl sulfonate mutagenesis(EMS) to elite indica cultivar Huanghuazhan(HHZ) and screened for mutants resistant to imazapic, a herbicide that can inhibit the acetolactate synthase(ALS) in plants. We obtained three mutants of Os ALS gene that have not been reported previously in rice. One of the mutants, with Trp_(548) changed to Met(W_(548)M), was analyzed in more details in this study. This mutation had no negative effect on the plant physiology and morphology as well as rice yield. Compared with the imidazolinone-resistant mutant S_(627)N(Ser_(627) changed to Asn) that has been deployed for Clearfield rice development, W_(548)M mutant showed high levels of resistance to a broad spectrum of five families of ALSinhibiting herbicides, in addition to a higher level of resistance to herbicides of the imidazolinone family.The herbicide-resistance was stably inherited by crossing into other rice lines. Thus, the W_(548)M mutation provides a valuable resource for breeding of herbicide resistant rice and weed management. | Lei Chen Gang Gu Chengxu Wang Zhufeng Chen Wei Yan Man Jin Gang Xie Junli Zhou Xing Wang Deng Xiaoyan Tang | 2021 | The Crop Journal2021，9，4： | 3 |
| 20 | Landing site topographic mapping and rover localization for Chang’e-4 mission显示文摘This paper presents the techniques and results of landing-site topographic mapping and rover localization using orbital,descent and rover images in the Chang’e-4 mission.High-resolution maps of the landing site are generated from orbital and descent images.Local digital elevation models and digital orthophoto maps with 0.02 m resolution are generated at each waypoint.The location of the lander is determined as(177.588?E,45.457?S)using festure-matching techniques.The cross-site visual localization method is routinely used to localize the rover at each waypoint to reduce error accumulation from wheel slippage and IMU drift in dead reckoning.After the first five lunar days,the rover travels 186.66 m from the lander,according to the cross-site visual localization.The developed methods and results have been directly utilized to support the mission’s operations.The maps and localization information are also valuable for supporting multiple scientific explorations of the landing site. | Zhaoqin LIU Kaichang DI Jian LI Jianfeng XIE Xiaofeng CUI Luhua XI Wenhui WAN Man PENG Bin LIU Yexin WANG Sheng GOU Zongyu YUE Tianyi YU Lichun LI Jia WANG Chuankai LIU Xin XIN Mengna JIA Zheng BO Jia LIU Runzhi WANG Shengli NIU Kuan ZHANG Yi YOU Bing LIU Jiangang LIU | 2020 | Science China(Information Sciences)2020，63，4： | 3 |
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