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| 1 | ERODIBILITY CRITERION FOR AUXILIARY SPILLWAYS OF DAMS显示文摘The ability to reliably design auxiliary spillways has become a pressing requirement because of the very large number of dams involved. An empirical classification index representing the erosional resistance of the overall range of particulate, jointed, and intact earth materials is presented and correlated for a number of practical cases from Arkansas and Kansas in the United States of America and from South Africa with the specific stream power of flows observed to be associated with various degrees of erosion. The United States Department of Agriculture data base and the format in which the dare were prepared for the purposes herein, are deseribed in detail. The modes of erosion that occur in spillways are defined.Guidelines are provided for evaluating the failure status of an erosion damaged spillway that enables determination of whether the incident specific stream power exceeded, equalled, or fell below the erosional resistance of various sections of the ground profile affected. The correlation function between specific stream power and erodibility index provides the required design criterion. | Hendrik A. D. Kirsten (Steffen, Robertson, and Kirsten, Ine., Box 55291 Northlands 2116, S. Africa)John S. Moore(Natural Resources Conservation Service, USDA, Box 2890, Washington, DC 20013)Louis H. Kirsten(Civil & Structural Engineering Dept., Iscor Mini | 2000 | International Journal of Sediment Research2000，15，1： | 4 |
| 2 | Synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction in situ study of fine-grained minerals in shock veins of Suizhou meteorite显示文摘The synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction technique developed for in situ study ahigh pressure and temperature has also been used to investigate microscopic mineral inclusionsin ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic rocks and deep-mantle samples. Present study added twomore examples of successful utilization of synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction technique for insitu investigations of fine-grained (0.5―30 μm in size) minerals in very thin shock melt veins othe Suizhou meteorite: ( i ) X-ray diffraction measurement of extremely small-sized vein matrixminerals, and (ii) identification of the micron-sized new mineral tuite embedded in the vein matrixIt has been revealed that the fine-grained vein matrix consists of well crystallized garnet, kamacite and troilite, and the powder diffraction pattern consisting of 17 lines with d-values, intensities( I ), relative intensities (I/Io) and Miller indices, as well as the cell parameters for the new mineratuite has also been successfully obtained. The result of present investigations has enriched thecontent of dynamic high-pressure mineralogy and that of Earth’s mantle geochemistry. | XIE Xiande1, SHU Jinfu2 & CHEN Ming1 1. Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China 2. Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC, 20015, USA Correspondence should be addressed to Xie Xiande | 2005 | Science China Earth Sciences2005，48，6： | 3 |
| 3 | SEDIMENT DAMAGES AND RECENT TRENDSIN THE UNITED STATES显示文摘In the United States, cropland erosion has decreased by an estimated one billion tons or 42 Percent for the period 1982 to 1997 (USDA NRCS, 1998) through erosion reduction provisions of the Food Security Actof 1985 and the ongoing soil conservation programs administered by the United States Department ofAgriculture’s Soil Conservation Service (USDA-SCS), which became the Natural Resources ConservationService (USDA-NRCS) in 1997.The U.S. Geological Survey has measured suspended sediment loads at strearn gages from 198O through1989 and showed primarily decreases of from 1 to 12 percent for most regions and increases for only threeregions, ranging from 2 to l2 percent.A Reservoir Sediment Information System (RESIS) was created so that decades of dare on reservoir sediment deposits could be evaluated (Atwood, 1994, Steffen, 1994; Atwood and Steffen, 1994). Theresults of analyses show a major increase in unit-area sediment deposition rates during the period 1970through 1985, which may be attributable to increased cropland acreage, a switch from diversified farming tointensive monocultUred crops, with widespread adoption of soybeans. The most recent measured ratesshow that 25 percent of the United States reservoirs would be at least half-filled with sediment by 2O18,although there is a significant data gap since 1985. Relatively few reservoirs were surveyed since 1985 dueto lack of funding priority and increased survey labor costs. | Jerry M. Bernard (National Geologist) Thomas A. Iivari(Senior Hydrologist, United States Department of Agriculture-Natura ResourcesConservation Service, Washington, DC) | 2000 | International Journal of Sediment Research2000，15，2： | 3 |
| 4 | Synthesis of a new salt containing polyoxometallate anion and M-Cu-S cluster cation [MS_4Cu_4(γ-MePy)_8][M_6O_19] (M = Mo,W).Crystal structure of [WS_4Cu_4(γ-MePy)_8][W_6O_19]显示文摘Reactions of (NH4)2MS4, AgBr and CuBr in r-methylpyridine produced one new compound, [MS4Cu4(r-MePy)8]M6O19] (1, M = W; 2, M = Mo), of which 1 was characterized by single crystal X-ray analysis. The crystal data: orthorhombic, Pbcn, a = 15.434(4),b= 16.732(2), c = 28.657(7) A, V = 7400.8(8) A3, Z = 4, R = 0.072 for 3121 independent data. The compound is the first example which contains both polyoxotnngstate anion and heteropolynuclear cluster cation. In the structure of the cation four edges of the tetrahedral WS42- core are coordinated by four copper atoms, giving a WS4Cu4 aggregate of approximate D2h symmetry. The differences between the reaction of Cu+ with MS42- and that of Ag+ with MS42- in pyridine and its derivatives are discussed. | POPE, Michael T. Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington DC S0057, U.S.A.LANG, Jian-PingDepartment of Chemistry, Suzhou University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, ChinaXIN, Xin-Quan Coordination Chemistry Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu S1000S, ChinaYU, Kai-BeiChengdu Center of Analysis and Measurement, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China | 1995 | Chinese Journal of Chemistry1995，13，1： | 2 |
| 5 | Aggressive (malignant) epithelial odontogenic gholst cell tumor 显示文摘 | Ellis GL Shmookler BM Washington DC | 1986 | Oral Pathology1986，61，： | 1 |
| 6 | Asia squeezes Europe's lead in science显示文摘 | Andreas yon Bubnoff Washington DC | 2005 | Nature2005，436，7049： | 1 |
| 7 | Expanding the Measure of Wealth: Indicators of Environmentally Sustainable Development 显示文摘 | World Bank Washington DC (EUA) | 1997 | Environmentally Sustainable Development Studies and Monographs Series ( World Bank )1997，，17： | 1 |
| 8 | Abnormal accommodative conver-gence in squint显示文摘 | Parks MM Washington DC | 1958 | Arch Ophthalmol1958，59，3： | 1 |
| 9 | Imaging case study facial nerve neuroma显示文摘 | Juliama A Gulya MD Washington DC | 1993 | Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol1993，102，6： | 1 |
| 10 | The essentials of baccalaureate education for professiona1 nursing practice显示文摘 | Washington DC | | 0，，01： | 1 |
| 11 | Sage M, Daufin G, Gsan-Guiziou G Denitrification potential and rates of complex carbon source from dairy effluents in activated sludge system 显示文摘 | American Public Health Association American Water Works Association Water Pollution and Control Federation Washington DC | 2006 | Water Research2006，40，14： | 1 |
| 12 | The essentials of baccalaure- ate education for professional nursing practice 显示文摘 | Washington DC | 1998 | Am Assoc Colleges Nurs1998，21，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Association of American Medical Colleges task force on clinical research 显示文摘 | Washington DC | 1999 | Association of American Medical Colleges1999，1，： | 1 |
| 14 | Wireless capsule endoscopy: Video analysis of gastrointestinal motility and transit using Given M2A imaging system显示文摘 | Korman LY Weiestein ML Washington DC | 2002 | Gastrointest Endosc2002，55，： | 1 |
| 15 | A definition for chronic sequelae applied to campylo- bacter and guillian-barre syndrome(Gbs)显示文摘 | Parkin Department of Environmental and Occupa- tional Health The George Washington University Washington DC USA Davies-Cole Balbus | 2000 | Ann Epidemiol2000，10，7： | 1 |
| 16 | Newschaffer C J, Croen LA, Daniels J,et ah The epidemiology of autism spectrum disorders显示文摘 | Washington DC American Psychiatric Association 2000 | 2007 | Annu Rev Public Health2007，28，： | 1 |
| 17 | The essentials of baccalaureate education for professional nursing practice显示文摘 | Washington DC | 1998 | American Association of Colleges of Nursing1998，21，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Physical activity and pregnancy : cardiovascular adaptations, recommendations and pregnancy outcomes显示文摘 | Weight gain during pregnancy: : Washington ( DC ) : National Melzer K Schutz Y Boulvain M | 2010 | Sports Med2010，40，： | 1 |
| 19 | Approximating probabilities of correlated events显示文摘Efron (1997) considered several approximations of p-values for simultaneous hypothesis testing. An extension of his approaches is considered here to approximate various probabilities of correlated events. Compared with multiple-integrations, our proposed method, the parallelogram formulas, based on a one-dimensional integral, not only substantially reduces the computational complexity but also maintains good accuracy. Applications of the proposed method to genetic association studies and group sequential analysis are investigated in detail. Numerical results including real data analysis and simulation studies demonstrate that the proposed method performs well. | LI QiZhai1,2, ZHENG Gang3, LIU AiYi4, LI ZhaoHai2,5 & YU Kai2 1Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China 2Biostatistics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA 3Office of Biostatistics Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA 4Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA 5Department of Statistics, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA | 2010 | Science China Mathematics2010，53，11： | 1 |
| 20 | Anmrican in geriatric 显示文摘 | Washington DC | 2000 | Am Psychia Associa2000，31，8： | 1 |
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