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| 1 | 极高强度他汀治疗对冠状动脉粥样硬化消退的影响——ASTEROID试验显示文摘背景:以前的血管内超声(intravascular ultrasound,IVUS)试验证实,他汀治疗可减缓或阻止动脉粥样硬化的进展,但是迄今尚无应用动脉粥样斑块体积百分比(percent atheroma volume,PAV)证实粥样硬化消退的确切证据。PAV是最严格的评价病变进展和消退的IVUS测量指标。
目标:评价极高强度他汀治疗是否能逆转IVUS确定的冠状动脉粥样硬化。
设计和地点:于美国、加拿大、欧洲和澳大利亚53个社区和3级保健中心进行前瞻性开标盲法终点试验(A Study to Evaluate the Effect of Rosuvastatin on Intravascular Ultrasound-Derived Coronary Atheroma Burden,ASTEROID)。应用马达驱动回撤IVUS评价基线和治疗24个月时冠状动脉粥样斑块负荷。每对基线和随访IVUS测量结果均进行盲法分析。
病例:从2002年11月到2003年10月,507例患者有基线IVUS检查结果,并接受至少1个剂量的研究药物。在24个月后,349例患者具有可用于评估的系列IVUS检查结果。
干预:所有患者均接受瑞舒伐他汀40ms/d强化治疗。
主要观测指标:预先设定了两个一级疗效指标:PAV变化和基线最严重病变10min节段动脉粥样斑块体积变化。二级疗效指标为整个动脉标准化总斑块体积的变化。结果:平均(SD)LDL—C水平由基线时的130.4(34.3)ms/dL降至60.8(20.0)ms/扎,平均下降了53.2%(P〈0.001)。平均(SD)HDL-C水平从基线时的43.1(11.1)ms/dL升至49.0(12.6)ms/dL,平均增加了14.7%(P〈0.001)。整个血管PAV平均(SD)变化为-0.98%(3.15%),中位数为-0.79%(97.5%CI,-1.21%~-0.53%)(与基线比较,P〈0.001)。最严重病变10min节段斑块体积平均(SD)变化为-6.1(10.1)mm^3,中位数为-5.6mm^3(97.5%CI,-6.8~-4.0mm^3)(与基线比较,P〈0.001)。总斑块体积变化中位数降低了6.8%,平均减少了-14.7(25.7)mm^3,中位数为-12.5mm^3(95%CI,-15.1~-10.5mm^3)(与基线比较,P〈0.001)。不良事件少见,与其他他汀试验相似。
结论:应用瑞舒伐他汀40ms/d进行极高强度他汀治疗可使LDL-C平均水平达到60.8ms/dL,使HDL—C增加14.7%。这导致所有3个预先设定的IVUS斑块负荷指标均显示动脉粥样硬化消退。因此,将LDL-C降至低于目前指南规定的水平,同时显著提高HDL-C,可以使冠心病患者动脉粥样硬化斑块消退。这些变化对临床预后的影响尚需进一步研究确定。 | Steven E. Nissen Stephen J. Nicholls Ilks Sipahi Peter Libby Joel S. Raichlen Christie M. Ballantyne Jean Davignon Raimund Erbel Jean Charles Fruchart Jean-Claude Tardif Paul Schoenhagen Tim Crowe Valerie Cain Kathy Wolski Marlene Coormastic E. Murat Tuzcu 仝其广(译) 王淑敏(译) 胡大一(校) | 2006 | 美国医学会杂志(中文版)2006，25，4： | 341 |
| 2 | Targeting Wnt/β-catenin pathway in hepatocellularcarcinoma treatment显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related death worldwide. Liver cancer is generally related to hepatitis B or Cinfection and cirrhosis. Usually, patients with HCC are asymptomatic and are diagnosed at late stages when surgical treatment is no longer suitable. Limited treatment options for patients with advanced HCC are a major concern. Therefore, there is an urge for finding novel therapies to treat HCC. Liver cancer is highly heterogeneous and involved deregulation of several signaling pathways. Wnt/β-catenin pathway is frequently upregulated in HCC and it is implicated in maintenance of tumor initiating cells, drug resistance, tumor progression, and metastasis. A great effort in developing selective drugs to target components of the β-catenin pathway with anticancer activity is underway but only a few of them have reached phase Ⅰ clinical trials. We aim to review the role of β-catenin pathway on hepatocarcinogenesis and liver cancer stem cell maintenance. We also evaluated the use of small molecules targeting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway with potential application for treatment of HCC. | valery vilchez lilia turcios francesc marti roberto gedaly | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，2： | 51 |
| 3 | 欧洲鼻-鼻窦炎鼻息肉诊疗意见书2007(摘译)显示文摘欧洲鼻-鼻窦炎鼻息肉诊疗意见书2007(European position paper on rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps 2007,EPOS 2007)是由欧洲变态反应和临床免疫学会在EPOS 2005的基础上修改而成的一个针对鼻窦炎鼻息肉的循征性诊疗意见书,发表在2007年鼻科学杂志上,同时该文被WHO发表的专业指导文献“完整的呼吸道(inter airway)”作为鼻-鼻窦炎和鼻息肉诊断和治疗的主要索引依据。其目的和主要内容为:①更新鼻-鼻窦炎和鼻息肉的部分概念;②对现有的诊断和治疗方案进行循证性系统评估;③提供临床诊断和阶梯性治疗的详细步骤和处理策略;③规范疗效评估方法。本袖珍版是在EPOS 2007全文的基础上对其主要内容进行高度概括,取其精华。由中山大学附属第一医院耳鼻咽喉科医院史剑波等教授翻译成中文(译者对袖珍版内容做了部分删节,如删节了“为基层和非耳鼻咽喉专科医生提供的成人急性鼻-鼻窦炎循证处理策略”,“为基层和非耳鼻咽喉专科医生提供的成人伴有和不伴有鼻息肉的慢性鼻-鼻窦炎循证处理策略”),并于2007年11月在桂林召开的全国慢性鼻-鼻窦炎诊治专家论坛上进行解读和讨论。刊出本文的目的是为了让国内读者及时了解欧洲对鼻-鼻窦炎鼻息肉诊断和治疗的最新进展,据此进一步规范国内对鼻-鼻窦炎鼻息肉的临床诊疗。此文的翻译和在本刊刊登已得到本“意见书”原作者Fokkens和Lund教授的授权。 | Wytske Fokkens Valerie Lund Joaquim Mullol 史剑波(译) 陈枫虹(译) 文卫平(译) 赖银妍(译) 徐睿(译) 郑静(译) 王德云(译) 许庚(译) | 2008 | 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志2008，43，4： | 31 |
| 4 | Interleukin-33 drives hepatic fibrosis through activation of hepatic stellate cells显示文摘Liver fibrosis is a consequence of chronic liver disease,causing morbidity and mortality.Interleukin-33(IL-33)is a critical mediator of inflammation,which may be involved in the development of liver fibrosis.Here,we investigated the role of IL-33 in human patients and experimental bile-duct ligation(BDL)-induced fibrosis in mice.We report increased hepatic IL-33 expression in the murine BDL model of fibrosis and in surgical samples obtained from patients with liver fibrosis.Liver injury,inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrosis were reduced in the absence of the IL-33/ST2 receptor,and the activation of hepatic stellate cells(HSCs)was decreased in ST2-deficient mice.Recombinant IL-33 activated HSCs isolated from C57BL/6 mice,leading to the expression of IL-6,TGF-β,α-SMA and collagen,which was abrogated in the absence of ST2 or by pharmacological inhibition of MAPK signaling.Finally,administration of recombinant IL-33 significantly increased hepatic inflammation in sham-operated BL6 mice but did not enhance BDL-induced hepatic inflammation and fibrosis.In conclusion,BDL-induced liver inflammation and fibrosis are dependent on ST2 signaling in HSCs,and therefore,the IL-33/ST2 pathway may be a potential therapeutic target in human patients with chronic hepatitis and liver fibrosis. | Zhongming Tan Qianghui Liu Runqiu Jiang Long Lv Siamak S Shoto Isabelle Maillet Valerie Quesniaux Junwei Tang Wenjie Zhang Beicheng Sun Bernhard Ryffel | 2018 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2018，15，4： | 24 |
| 5 | 点击化学--释义与目标显示文摘点击化学i自2001年由Sharpless提出以来,引起广泛的重视,并得以蓬勃的发展。许多综述对此领域的进展进行了归纳ii,赵卫光,李正名等在《有机化学》中发表中文综述介绍了点击化学的一些基本概念和应用iii。作为点击化学的提出者,Sharpless最近写了一篇文章深入浅出地阐释了点击化学的思想与愿景。该文由北山隆翻译成日文,并于日本化学会的《化学と工業》发表iv。Sharpless希望此文也能以中文的形式与中国读者见面。受Sharpless之托,我们将此文翻译成中文,以冀与更多同行分享。 | M. G. Finn Hartmuth C. Kolb Valery V. Fokin K. Barry Sharpless 张欣豪 吴云东 | 2008 | 化学进展2008，20，1： | 19 |
| 6 | Gold nanorods with a hematoporphyrin-loaded silica shell for dual-modality photodynamic and photothermal treatment of tumors in vivo显示文摘由一个金 nanorod 核心和与 hematoporphyrin (HP ) 做的 mesoporous 硅石壳组成的 Nanocomposites (NC ) 被制作了以便由在 vivo 联合 photothermal 和光力学的治疗(太平洋夏季时间 + PTT ) 改进癌症治疗的效率。除了 810830 nm 附近的长波长的电浆子回声,制作 NC 展出了相应的一座 400-nm 吸收度山峰围住 HP,在 632.5-nm Q 乐队附近在 633-nm 刺激下面产生了汗衫氧,并且生产了在 808-nm 下面的热在红外线附近(NIR ) 激光照耀。这些形式被用于联合太平洋夏季时间 + PTT 治疗大(大约 3 cm3 ) 在有一只 xenorafted 肿瘤老鼠的 vivo 的稳固的肿瘤当模特儿。NC 直接被注入肿瘤并且与 633-nm 和 808-nm 激光同时照耀刺激联合光力学并且 NC 的 photothermal 活动。联合治疗的效率被光连贯断层摄影术评估,组织学的分析,并且由肿瘤体积生长的大小在一个 21 天的时期期间。调停 NC 的太平洋夏季时间在组织组织学并且到导致了弱变化一中等在肿瘤体积的 20% 减少。相反,联合太平洋夏季时间 + PTT 处理导致了大区域的肿瘤坏死并且在肿瘤体积导致了戏剧的减少。 | Georgy Terentyuk Elizaveta Panfilova Vitaly Khanadeev Daniil Chumakov Elina Genina Alexey Bashkatov Valery Tuchin Alia Bucharskaya Galina Maslyakova Nikolai Khlebtsov Boris Khlebtsov | 2014 | Nano Research2014，7，3： | 17 |
| 7 | Activation of lysosomal function in the course of autophagy via mTORC1 suppression and autophagosome-lysosome fusion显示文摘Lysosome 是在 autophagic 进程的执行的一个关键 subcellular 细胞器,目前,很少被知道 lysosomal 功能是否在 autophagy 的进程被控制。在这研究,我们首先由饥饿或二 mTOR 发现 rapamycin (mTOR ) 的哺乳动物的目标的那抑制活动催化禁止者(PP242 和 Torin1 ) ,然而并非由一个 allosteric 禁止者(rapamycin ) ,导致 lysosomal 的激活功能。第二,我们提供了 lysosomal 功能的激活与 mTOR 建筑群 1 的抑制(mTORC1 ) 被联系的证据,然而并非 mTORC2,和到 lysosomes 的 mTORC1 本地化直接没在 lysosomal 功能被相关到它的规章的角色。第三,我们检验了抄写因素 EB (TFEB ) 的参与并且证明 TFEB 激活追随者 mTORC1 抑制为 lysosomal 激活必要然而并非足够。最后, Atg5 或 Atg7 删除或 autophagosome-lysosome 熔化过程的阻塞有效地减少了 lysosomal 激活,建议发生在 autophagy 期间的那 lysosomal 激活依赖于 autophagosome-lysosome 熔化。一起拿,这研究证明在 autophagy 期间, lysosomal 功能是经由包含 mTORC1 抑制和 autophagosome-lysosome 熔化的双机制的 upregulated。 | Jing Zhou Shi-Hao Tan Valerie Nicolas Chantal Bauvy Nai-Di Yang Jianbin Zhang Yuan Xue Patrice Codogno Han-Ming Shen | 2013 | Cell Research2013，23，4： | 16 |
| 8 | Oplopanax elatus(Nakai) Nakai: chemistry, traditional use and pharmacology显示文摘Oplopanax elatus(Nakai) Nakai, a member of the ancient angiosperm plant family Araliaceae, is used for the treatment of different disorders in the medicine systems of China, Russia, and Korea, and was designated in Russia as a classical adaptogen. Despite extensive studies of classical adaptogens, there are comparatively few reports concerning the chemical composition and pharmacological effects of O. elatus in English. The plant is a potential source of saponins, flavonoids, anthraquinones, terpenes, and other active compounds. Experimental studies and clinical applications have indicated that O. elatus possesses a number of pharmacological activities, including adaptogenic, anti-convulsant, anti-diabetic, anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, blood pressure modulating, and reproductive function effects. In this review, the chemistry, safety, and therapeutic potential of O. elatus are summarized and highlighted to encourage the further development of this plant. | Alexander N.Shikov Olga N.Pozharitskaya Valery G.Makarov YANG Wen-Zhi GUO De-An | 2014 | Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines2014，12，10： | 14 |
| 9 | GA_3、低温冷藏和光照对真薰衣草种子萌发与幼苗生长的影响显示文摘采用培养皿发芽法,研究了不同浓度GA3处理不同时间、不同光周期处理及不同冷藏时间。分别对真薰衣草种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:100 mg/L的GA3浸泡24 h和500 mg/L的GA3浸泡6 h时能明显提高薰衣草种子的发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数。4℃冷藏20 d对真薰衣草种子萌发有一定的促进作用,但对幼苗平均根长、苗高和幼苗生物量(鲜重)影响不明显。12 h光暗交替能显著提高薰衣草种子的发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数,同时对幼苗平均根长、苗高和幼苗生物量(鲜重)有明显促进作用。本研究为真薰衣草品种的繁殖和栽培提供理论依据。 | 于进英 黄青 李晓鹏 刘恩学 李枝林 Valerie Gibson | 2012 | 种子2012，31，5： | 13 |
| 10 | Associations of lifestyle and diet with the risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Singapore:a case–control study显示文摘Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) is a commonly diagnosed cancer in Southeast Asia. Many studies have examined the risk factors for NPC, yet the roles of some risk factors remain inconclusive. The purpose of this study was to examine associations between modifiable lifestyle factors and the risk of NPC in the Singaporean population.Methods: We conducted a case–control study in Singapore with 300 patients and 310 controls who were recruited between 2008 and 2012. Each control was selected and individually matched to each patient based on sex, ethnicity, and age(±5 years). A total of 290 pairs of cases and controls were matched successfully. We examined lifestyle factors such as tobacco smoking, alcohol drinking, various salted and preserved food consumption, and weaning practices.Results: After adjusting for covariates, multivariate analysis showed that those participants who were current smokers and had ever smoked tobacco had a higher risk of NPC than participants who had never smoked, with odds ratios(ORs) of 4.50(95% confidence interval [CI] 2.58–7.86; P < 0.001) and 2.52(95% CI 1.54–4.12; P < 0.001), respectively. Those who consumed salted vegetables at least once a week also showed a significantly increased risk of NPC than those who never or rarely consumed salted vegetables, with an OR of 4.18(95% CI 1.69–10.38; P = 0.002).Conclusion: Smoking(currently and ever-smoked) and consuming salted vegetables once a week or more were lifestyle risk factors for NPC, and changes of these factors for the better may reduce the risk of NPC. | Sook Kwin Yong Tam Cam Ha Ming Chert Richard Yeo Valerie Gaborieau James D.McKay Joseph Wee | 2017 | Chinese Journal of Cancer2017，36，2： | 12 |
| 11 | 乙型肝炎病毒导致的肝硬化伴肝癌患者血清中N糖组学改变显示文摘肝细胞癌(HCC)是最常见的肿瘤和最主要的死因之一,多发生于HBV和HCV感染导致的肝硬化患者,筛查肝硬化人群,早期诊断HCC可降低肿瘤的病死率。甲胎蛋白(AFP)是目前广泛应用的辅助诊断HCC的血清学指标,是对B超、CT等影像学诊断的有效补充。最近的荟萃分析表明,不同研究论文报道的AFP的灵敏度和特异度有很大的不同,这种现象不能完全用AFP的临界值不同解释。血清中的N糖蛋白主要由肝脏和B淋巴细胞合成,N糖成分的改变可反应肝脏或B淋巴细胞功能的改变,糖链的改变常常反应出机体的异常改变。糖组学在诊断领域的应用曾经因为缺少合适的分析技术而受限制,血清中N糖组学分析技术克服了这一屏障。本研究的目的是评价血清中N糖指纹图谱应用于乙型肝炎后肝硬化伴肝癌辅助诊断的意义。 | 刘学恩 Liesbeth Desmyter 高春芳 Wouter Laroy Sylviane Dewaele Valerie Vanhooren 王玲 庄辉 Nico Callewaert Claude Libert Roland Contreras 陈翠英 | 2008 | 中华肝脏病杂志2008，16，1： | 11 |
| 12 | Epithelial ovarian cancer:An overview显示文摘Ovarian cancer is the second most common gyneco-logical cancer and the leading cause of death in the United States. In this article we review the diagnosis and current management of epithelial ovarian cancer which accounts for over 95 percent of the ovarian malignancies. We will present various theories about the potential origin of ovarian malignancies. We will discuss the genetic anomalies and syndromes that may cause ovarian cancers with emphasis on Breast cancer type 1/2 mutations. The pathology and pathogenesis of ovarian carcinoma will also be presented. Lastly, we provide a comprehensive overview of treatment strategies and staging of ovarian cancer, conclusions and future directions. | Arpita Desai Jingyao Xu Kartik Aysola Yunlong Qin Chika Okoli Ravipati Hariprasad Ugorji Chinemerem Candace Gates Avinash Reddy Omar Danner Geary Franklin Anachebe Ngozi Guilherme Cantuaria Karan Singh William Grizzle Charles Landen Edward E Partridge Valerie Montgomery Rice E Shyam P Reddy Veena N Rao | 2014 | World Journal of Translational Medicine2014，3，1： | 10 |
| 13 | Metro train-induced vibrations on historic buildings in Chengdu,China显示文摘In this paper, the vibration influence on a monument caused by Chengdu Subway Line 2 is analyzed. Due to its elaborate and unique design, both structural and architectural damages should be avoided. First, the allowable root mean square (RMS) velocity at the foundation of the monument is derived and a site measurement is performed to obtain the background vibrations induced by road traffic. In addition, a train-track coupled model and 3D tunnel-soil-structure coupled finite element models are built to predict the dynamic response of the monument. Prediction models are checked by site measurement in Beijing Subway Line 5. Different kinds of fasteners and train speeds are compared and discussed as well. Results show that: (1) At a train speed of 72 km/h, all the traffic vibrations exceed the low limit no matter what kind of fastener is used, which is mainly due to the contribution of road traffic. Slowing down train speeds can cause effective vibration attenuation; (2) Vibrations drop dramatically with the train speed from 65 to 58 km/h. When the train speed is lower than 58 km/h, vibrations are lower than allowable value even if the contribution of road traffic is considered. | Meng MA Valeri MARKINE Wei-ning LIU Yang YUAN Feng ZHANG | 2011 | Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering)2011，12，10： | 10 |
| 14 | Pathophysiology, epidemiology, classification and treatment options for polycystic liver diseases显示文摘Polycystic liver diseases(PLD)represent a group of genetic disorders in which cysts occur in the liver(autosomal dominant polycystic liver disease)or in combination with cysts in the kidneys(autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease).Regardless of the genetic mutations,the natural history of these disorders is alike.The natural history of PLD is characterized by a continuous increase in the volume and the number of cysts.Both genders are affected;however,women have a higher prevalence.Most patients with PLD are asymptomatic and can be managed conservatively.Severe symptoms can affect 20%of patients who develop massive hepatomegaly with compression of the surrounding organs.Rrarely,patients with PLD suffer from acutecomplications caused by the torsion of hepatic cysts,intraluminal cystic hemorrhage and infections.The most common methods for the diagnosis of PLD are cross sectional imaging studies.Abdominal ultrasound and computerized tomography are the two most frequently used investigations.Magnetic resonance imaging is more sensitive and specific,and it is a valuable test for patients with intravenous contrast allergies or renal dysfunction.Different treatment modalities are available to physicians caring for these patients.Medical treatment has been ineffective.Percutaneous sclerotherapy,transarterial embolization,cyst fenestration,hepatic resection and liver transplantation are indicated to specific groups of patients and have to be tailored according to the extent of disease.This review outlines the current knowledge of the pathophysiology,clinical course,diagnosis and treatment strategies of PLD. | Bassam Abu-Wasel Caolan Walsh Valerie Keough Michele Molinari | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，35： | 10 |
| 15 | 移动荷载作用下曲线轨道振动响应解析解研究显示文摘将曲线轨道模拟为周期性离散支撑的曲线Timoshenko梁,首次推导了移动荷载作用下曲线轨道平面外振动的响应解析解。首先以Duhamel积分为基础,应用动力互等定理,得到沿曲线移动荷载作用下,半无限弹性空间体上任意点动力响应的一般表达式;然后在该式的基础上,针对轨道结构的周期性支撑特点,将荷载沿钢轨的移动问题转化为拾振点以轨枕间距为周期反方向跳跃式移动与荷载只在一个轨枕间距内移动的组合问题。以此,将一个频域积分问题转化为拾振点频域周期解的叠加问题,从而得到了曲线轨道在移动荷载作用下动力响应的解析解。曲线梁的传递函数用传递矩阵法求解。通过对曲线简支梁在移动荷载下振动响应的求解,验证了计算模型的正确性;对比曲线轨道和直线轨道在移动荷载下的振动响应结果,发现:相同荷载条件下,曲线轨道的振动响应大于直线轨道的响应,轨道振动响应频谱与荷载速度密切相关,并且曲线轨道的响应频谱更为丰富。 | 刘维宁 李克飞 Valeri Markine | 2013 | 土木工程学报2013，46，1： | 9 |
| 16 | treatment of swine wastewater in aerobic granular reactors: comparison of different seed granules as factors显示文摘使成粒状过程,药品化学药品性质,污染移动能力和有不同喂废水的氧气的小粒的细菌的社区(合成废水, R1;猪废水, R2 ) ,并且在对待猪废水的长期的操作反应堆的小粒的二种类型的一些参数的变化趋势在这个实验被调查。结果显示有合成废水的氧气的使成粒状在 R1 与猪废水和那完整的使成粒状相比有更快的率, R2 分别地在第 30 天和第 39 白天被到达。然而,尽管 feed 废水也在使成粒状过程期间在生物资源部分和氧气的小粒的细胞外的聚合物质上有明显的效果,这些性质在长期的操作以后在类似的水平留下了。而且,一个类似的增加趋势能也在反应堆,和 organics 的平均特定的移动率以氧气的小粒的氮移动效率被观察,在不变的阶段的氨氮为 R1 是 35.33 mgg 1 VSS 和 51.46 mgg 1 VSS ,并且为 R2 的 35.47 mgg 1 VSS 和 51.72 mgg 1 VSS 分别地。另外,在细菌的差异的移动发生在使成粒状过程,而在氧气的小粒的反应堆的细菌的社区没被种子小粒在长期的操作以后影响。 | Lin LIU Qiyu YOU Valerie GIBSON Xu HUANG Shaohua CHEN Zhilong YE Chaoxiang LIU | 2015 | Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering2015，9，6： | 9 |
| 17 | Peritoneal carcinomatosis of colorectal origin:Incidence,prognosis and treatment options显示文摘Peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) is one manifestation of metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). Tumor growth on intestinal surfaces and associated fluid accumulation eventually result in bowel obstruction and incapacitating levels of ascites, which profoundly affect the quality of life for affected patients. PC appears resistant to traditional 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy, and surgery was formerly reserved for palliative purposes only. In the absence of effective treatment, the histori-cal prognosis for these patients was extremely poor, with an invariably fatal outcome. These poor outcomes likely explain why PC secondary to CRC has received little attention from oncologic researchers. Thus, data are lacking regarding incidence, clinical disease course, and accurate treatment evaluation for patients with PC. Recently, population-based studies have revealed that PC occurs relatively frequently among patients withCRC. Risk factors for developing PC have been identi-fied:right-sided tumor, advanced T-stage, advanced N-stage, poor differentiation grade, and younger age at diagnosis. During the past decade, both chemother-apeutical and surgical treatments have achieved prom-ising results in these patients. A chance for long-term survival or even cure may now be offered to selected patients by combining radical surgical resection with intraperitoneal instillation of heated chemotherapy. This combined procedure has become known as hy-perthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy. This edito-rial outlines recent advancements in the medical and surgical treatment of PC and reviews the most recent information on incidence and prognosis of this disease. Given recent progress, treatment should now be considered in every patient presenting with PC. | Yvonne LB Klaver Valery EPP Lemmens Simon W Nienhuijs Misha DP Luyer Ignace HJT de Hingh | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，39： | 9 |
| 18 | Spatio-temporal Fragmentation of Leisure Activities in Information Era: Empirical Evidence from Nanjing, China显示文摘Activity fragmentation provides a new approach for understanding the transformation of urban space and function in the information era. Numerous theoretical and empirical studies have been conducted on activity fragmentation, but few studies have focused on the fragmentation of leisure activities. This study was intended to extend the extant literature by: 1) analysing the spatio-temporal fragmentation of physical and virtual leisure activities by using a dataset collected in Nanjing, China, and 2) evaluating the reasons of leisure activity fragmentation, as well as the potential spatial effect of activity fragmentation. The results indicated that virtual leisure activities are more fragmented than physical leisure activities, but the fragmentation of physical and virtual leisure activities varies on weekday and weekend, as well as in various locations and urban districts. In addition, the results suggested that sociodemographic factors and information and communication technology(ICT) variables distinctly affect the fragmentation of leisure activities. Meanwhile, the fragmentation of virtual leisure activities may enhance the transformation of traditional urban space by reallocating leisure activity times and locations. | XI Guangliang ZHEN Feng Puel GILLES Fernandez VALERIE | 2017 | Chinese Geographical Science2017，27，1： | 8 |
| 19 | Caspase-1 activation by NLRP3 inflammasome dampens IL-33-dependent house dust mite-induced allergic lung inflammation显示文摘The cysteine protease caspase-1(Casp-1)contributes to innate immunity through the assembly of NLRP3,NLRC4,AIM2,and NLRP6 inflammasomes.Here we ask whether caspase-1 activation plays a regulatory role in house dust mite(HDM)-induced experimental allergic airway inflammation.We report enhanced airway inflammation in caspase-1-deficient mice exposed toHDMwith a marked eosinophil recruitment,increased expression of IL-4,IL-5,IL-13,aswell as full-length and bioactive IL-33.Furthermore,mice deficient for NLRP3 failed to control eosinophil influx in the airways and displayed augmented Th2 cytokine and chemokine levels,suggesting that the NLPR3 inflammasome complex controls HDM-induced inflammation.IL-33 neutralization by administration of soluble ST2 receptor inhibited the enhanced allergic inflammation,while administration of recombinant IL-33 during challenge phase enhanced allergic inflammation in caspase-1-deficient mice.Therefore,we show that caspase-1,NLRP3,and ASC,but not NLRC4,contribute to the upregulation of allergic lung inflammation.Moreover,we cannot exclude an effect of caspase-11,because caspase-1-deficient mice are deficient for both caspases.Mechanistically,absence of caspase-1 is associated with increased expression of IL-33,uric acid,and spleen tyrosine kinase(Syk)production.This study highlights acritical role of caspase-1 activation andNLPR3/ASCinflammasomecomplex in the down-modulation of IL-33 in vivo and in vitro,thereby regulating Th2 response in HDM-induced allergic lung inflammation. | Fahima Madouri Noelline Guillou Louis Fauconnier Tiffany Marchiol Nathalie Rouxel Pauline Chenuet Aurelie Ledru Lionel Apetoh Franc¸ois Ghiringhelli Mathias Chamaillard Song Guo Zheng Fabrice Trovero Valerie F.J.Quesniaux Bernhard Ryffel Dieudonnee Togbe | 2015 | Journal of Molecular Cell Biology2015，7，4： | 8 |
| 20 | CTCAE v3.0: development of a comprehensive grading system for the adverse effects of cancer treatment显示文摘 | Andy Trotti A.Dimitrios Colevas Ann Setser Valerie Rusch David Jaques Volker Budach Corey Langer Barbara Murphy Richard Cumberlin C.Norman Coleman Philip Rubin | 2003 | Seminars in Radiation Oncology2003，，3： | 8 |
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