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| 1 | Chronic constipation in hemiplegic patients显示文摘AIM: To assess the prevalence of bowel dysfunction in hemiplegic patients, and its relationship with the site of neurological lesion, physical immobilization and pharmacotherapy. METHODS: Ninety consecutive hemiplegic patients and 81 consecutive orthopedic patients were investigated during physical motor rehabilitation in the same period, in the same center and on the same diet. All subjects were interviewed ≥ 3 mo after injury using a questionnaire inquiring about bowel habits before injury and at the time of the interview. Patients’ mobility was evaluated by the Adapted Patient Evaluation Conference System. Drugs considered for the analysis were nitrates, angiogenic converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, calcium antagonists, anticoagulants, antithrombotics, antidepressants, anti-epileptics. RESULTS: Mobility scores were similar in the two groups. De novo constipation (OR = 5.36) was a frequent outcome of the neurological accident. Hemiplegics showed an increased risk of straining at stool (OR: 4.33), reduced call to evacuate (OR: 4.13), sensation of incomplete evacuation (OR: 3.69), use of laxatives (OR: 3.75). Logistic regression model showed that constipation was significantly and independently associated with hemiplegia. A positive association was found between constipation and use of nitrates and antithrombotics in both groups. Constipation was not related to the site of brain injury. CONCLUSION: Chronic constipation is a possible outcome of cerebrovascular accidents occurring in 30% of neurologically stabilized hemiplegic patients. Its onset after a cerebrovascular accident appears to be independent from the injured brain hemisphere, and unrelated to physical inactivity. Pharmacological treatment with nitrates and antithrombotics may represent an independent risk factor for developing chronic constipation. | F Bracci D Badiali P Pezzotti G Scivoletto U Fuoco L Di Lucente A Petrelli E Corazziari | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，29： | 15 |
| 2 | 现代发动机润滑系统的开发显示文摘现代轿车发动机的额定转速设计得越来越高,有更多的内部零件(多气门发动机)需要润滑。介绍了按照各耗油部位由最重要影响参数决定的实际需油量减少实际供油量的研究开发结果。在这些成果的基础上,提出了将CAE辅助工具与实际试验数据相结合的优化策略。结论中的建议提出了实际润滑系统和通风系统设计以及降低功率消耗和润滑油消耗的优化潜力。 | Koch F Maassen F Geiger U 吴鹏 | 1999 | 国外内燃机1999，31，1： | 9 |
| 3 | Sporadic versus hereditary gastrinomas of the duodenum and pancreas: Distinct clinico-pathological and epidemiological features显示文摘Gastrinomas are defined as gastrin secreting tumors that are associated with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES). ZES is characterized by elevated fasting gastrin serum levels, positive secretin stimulation test and clinical symptoms such as recurrent peptic ulcer disease, gastroesophageal re?ux disease and occasional diarrhea. Genetically, nonhereditary (sporadic) gastrinomas are distinguished from hereditary gastrinomas, which are associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) syndrome. In general, duodenal gastrinomas are small and solitary if they are sporadic and multiple as well as hereditary. The sporadic gastrinomas occur in the duodenum or in the pancreas while the hereditary gastrinomas almost all occur in the duodenum. Our series of 77 sporadic duodenal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) includes 18 patients (23.4%) with gastrinomas and ZES. Of 535 sporadic NETs in the pancreas collected from the NET archives of the departments of pathology in Zürich, Switzerland, and Kiel, Germany, 24 patients (4.5%) suffered from sporadic pancreatic gastrinomas and ZES. These NETs have to be distinguished fromtumors with immunohistochemical positivity for gastrin but without evidence of ZES. An additional 19 patients suffered from MEN1 and ZES. These patients showed exclusively duodenal gastrinomas, but not pancreatic gastrinomas. The prognosis of sporadic and MEN1- associated duodenal gastrinomas is better than that of pancreatic gastrinomas, since they progress slowly to liver metastasis. In summary, sporadic and MEN1- associated gastrinomas in the duodenum and pancreas show different clinico-pathological and genetic features. The incidence of sporadic duodenal gastrin-producing tumors is increasing, possibly due to optimized diagnostic procedures. In contrast, pancreatic MEN1- associated gastrinomas seem to be extremely rare. A considerable subset of tumors with immunohistochemical expression of gastrin but without evidence of ZES should be designated as functionally inactive NETs expressing gastrin, but not as gastrinomas. | Martin Anlauf Nele Garbrecht Tobias Henopp Anja Schmitt Regina Schlenger Andreas Raffel Markus Krausch Oliver Gimm Claus F Eisenberger Wolfram T Knoefel Henning Dralle Paul Komminoth Philipp U Heitz Aurel Perren Günter Klppel | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，34： | 7 |
| 4 | 健康领域的文化能力显示文摘1背景
尽管人类对其他社会的兴趣纵贯历史的各个阶段,但是检验不同文化概念对人类健康实践的影响从20世纪才开始,当时是伴随着长期的人类学田野调查产生的,这些田野调查揭露了不同文化之间相关卫生实践的多样性、复杂性和连续性。 | Napier A D Ancarno C Butler B Calabrese j Chater A Chatterjee H Guesnet F Home R Jacyna S Jadhav S Macdonald A Neuendorf U Parkhurst A Reynolds R Scambler G Shamdasani S Smith S Z Stougaard-Nielsen J Thomson L Tyler N Volkmann A M Walker T Watson J Williams AC Willott C Wilson J Woolf K | 2016 | 中国卫生政策研究2016，9，2： | 5 |
| 5 | 在有症状的患者中,与传统危险因素相比,冠状动脉钙化积分能更准确地预测显著的冠状动脉狭窄:欧洲钙化性冠状动脉疾病研究显示文摘在这项回顾性研究中,研究人员评估了冠状动脉钙化积分相对于传统危险因素对显著狭窄(冠状动脉狭窄〉50%)的预测价值。方法与结果:纳入来自丹麦、法国、德国、意大利、西班牙和美国有症状的患者5515例,所有研究对象均进行危险因素评估、计算机断层冠状动脉造影(computed tomographic coronary angiogram,CTCA)或常规血管造影。 | 刘莉 叶鹏 Nicoll R Wiklund U Zhao Y Diederichsen A Mickley H Ovrehus K Zamorano P Gueret P Schmermund A Maffei E Cademartiri F Budoff M Henein M | 2016 | 中华高血压杂志2016，24，3： | 4 |
| 6 | 欧洲和中国的心脏与肾脏远程缺血预适应研究:一项随机对照试验显示文摘远程缺血预适应(remote ischemic preconditioning,RIPC)对经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)术后造影剂肾病(contrast-induced nephropathy,CIN)的潜在保护作用尚待确定。该研究为双盲、随机、安慰剂对照的多中心研究,纳入年龄〈85岁,肾清除率为30~60mL/(min·1.73m^2)的有临床适应证的患者,除了直接PCI外均按1∶1给予RIPC或标准治疗。主要终点是CIN的发生率。次要终点是围手术期心肌梗死(peri-procedural myocardial infarction,PMI)的发生率。 | 刘青 叶鹏 Moretti C Cerrato E Cavallero E Lin S Rossi ML Picchi A Sanguineti F Ugo F Palazzuoli A Bertaina M Presbitero P Shao-Liang C Pozzi R Giammaria M Limbruno U Lefèvre T Gasparetto V Garbo R OmedèP Sheiban I Escaned J Biondi-Zoccai G Gaita F Perl L D'Ascenzo F | 2018 | 中华高血压杂志2018，26，4： | 3 |
| 7 | Ein gezielter aufbau des chlorinsystems显示文摘 | Montforts F P Schwartz U M | 1985 | Liebigs Ann Chem1985，，： | 2 |
| 8 | Totalsynthese yon ( + / - ) bonellindimethylester显示文摘 | Montforts F P Schwartz U M | 1991 | Liebigs Ann Chem1991，，： | 2 |
| 9 | H^+,N^+和Ar^+离子束辐射诱导碳纳米结构的变化(英文)显示文摘在室温和高温下,以不同辐射剂量的H+、N+和Ar+离子辐照多壁碳纳米管和无定形碳纳米线。利用透射电镜和拉曼光谱研究多壁碳纳米管和无定形碳纳米线的结构变化及损伤。以70keV N+离子束辐射多壁碳纳米管在室温下可形成无定形碳纳米线。1000K下70keV的H+离子束照射导致无定形碳纳米线向金刚石结构转变。离子辐照多壁碳纳米管的有序程度足够高,70keV的N+和Ar+离子能够引起碳从多壁碳纳米管的剥落。离子辐射能够为缺陷的转化提供必需的动力学驱动力。 | A Ishaq Shahid Iqbal Naveed Ali A A Khurram A U Akrajas C F Dee Shahzad Naseem H M Rafique Yan Long | 2013 | 新型炭材料2013，28，2： | 2 |
| 10 | Physiological and biochemical appraisal for mulching and partial rhizosphere drying of cotton显示文摘Water is the main factor for the healthy life of plant.One of the main negative effects of climate change is the increasing scarcity of water that is lethal for plant.Globally,for water deficit regions(arid and semi-arid),drought is the main factor responsible for low production of agriculture,especially for cotton.Great efforts have been and are being made to find alternatives to water saving practices.This study aimed to examine the effects of partial rhizosphere drying(PRD,half of the root system irrigated at one event,and the other half irrigated in the next event,and so on)with and/or without various mulching treatments on physiological and biochemical traits of cotton.To explore this objective,we laid out experiments in completely randomized design with factorial arrangement in the Islamia University of Bahawalpur,Pakistan in 2016.Two factors included were four mulching treatments(M0,no mulching;M1,black plastic mulching;M2,wheat straw mulching;and M3,cotton sticks mulching)and two irrigation levels(I0,control(full irrigation);and I1,PRD).Fisher's analysis of variance among means of treatments was compared using least significant difference test at 5% probability level.Results revealed that the maximum plant height,leaf area,leaf gas exchange(photosynthetic rate and stomata conductance),chlorophyll,proline and total sugar contents,and enzyme activities were higher under M2 than under other three mulching treatments.As for irrigation levels,higher values of plant height,photosynthesis and water related parameters(leaf water potential,leaf osmotic potential,leaf turgor potential,etc.)were recorded.Contents of total sugar and proline and activities of antioxidant enzymes were significantly higher in PRD-treated plants than in control plants.It was concluded that combined application of PRD and mulching was more effective than the rest of the treatments used in the experiment.Similar study can be conducted in the field by applying irrigation water in alternate rows in semi-arid regions. | Rashid IQBAL Muhammad A S RAZA Muhammad F SALEEM Imran H KHAN Salman AHMAD Muhammad S ZAHEER Muhammad U ASLAM Imran HAIDER | 2019 | Journal of Arid Land2019，11，5： | 2 |
| 11 | 直接光控晶闸管在脉冲电源上的应用显示文摘具有集成保护功能的直接光控晶闸管 (LTT)已得到了广泛应用。这种晶闸管是为高压直流输电(HVDC)而开发的。通过改进门极结构 ,光控晶闸管也可用于大功率脉冲电源上。由于采用了直接光触发 ,LTT特别适用于串联应用。 | J Przybilla R Keller U Kellner C Schneider H J Schulze F J Niedernostheide | 2002 | 电力电子技术2002，36，6： | 2 |
| 12 | Prevalence of plasmid mediated bla_(TEM-1) and bla_(CTX-M-15) type extended spectrum beta-lactamases in patients with sepsis显示文摘Objective:To characterize the bacterial pathogens in patients having gram negative septicaemia. Further,to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance and underlying molecular mechanisms in these strains.Methods:A total number of 70 cases of gram negative sepsis were included in this prospective,open labeled,observational study.Standard methods for isolation and identification of bacteria were used.Antimicrobial susceptibility and ESBL testing was performed by the standard disc diffusion method.PCR amplification was performed to identify blaCTX-M,blaSHVand blaTEM type ESBLs.Conjugation experiments were performed to show resistant marker transfer. Results:The most prevalent isolates Escherichia coli(E.coli) 58.6%,Klebsiella Spp.32.9%and Pseudomonas 8.6%,were resistant to most of the antimicrobials including cefazolin,ceftriaxone, cefuroxime,ampicillin and co-trimoxazole but sensitive to imipenem and meropenem.ESBL and MBL production was seen 7.3%and 12.2%of E.coli isolates respectively.Three isoaltes were found to have blaCTX-M-15 and two of them also showed blaTEM-1 type enxyme.Whereas, none of them showed blaSHV.Conjugation experiments using J-53 cells confirmed these resistant markers as plasmid mediated.Conclusions:This work highlights the molecular epidemiology of escalating antimicrobial resistance and likely switch over of blaCTX-M-15 type extended spectrum beta-lactamases by blaTEM type ESBLs in India.Further,the antimicrobial resistance by horizontal gene transfer was predominant among Enterobacteraceae in the community setting. | Shahzad F Haque Saeedut-Z Ali Mohammed TP Asad U Khan | 2012 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2012，5，2： | 2 |
| 13 | Functional MRI of cerebral activation during encoding and retrieval of words显示文摘 | Hean R Klose U Jesson F | 1999 | Human Brain Mapp1999，8，4： | 2 |
| 14 | Electrodepositoin of nanocrystalline Ni-Fe alloys 显示文摘 | Cheung C Djuanda F Erb U | 1995 | Nanostr Mater1995，5，5： | 2 |
| 15 | Molecular chaperone functions of heat shock proteins显示文摘 | Hendrick J P Hartl F U | 1993 | Annu Rev Biochem1993，62，： | 2 |
| 16 | Vascular endothelial growth factor and erythropoietin concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid of children with hydrocephalus 显示文摘 | Koehne P Hochhaus F Felderhoff-Mueser U | 2002 | Childs Nerv Syst2002，18，： | 2 |
| 17 | 文化、不平等性与卫生服务提供显示文摘1动态不平等性对基层医疗卫生人力的影响
政治、社会、文化、专业群体皆建立在一致且常规的人类行为之上。当遭受巨大变革和内外压力时,这些群体会变得十分脆弱。尤其在动荡时期,这些群体往往更关注社会和文化的差异性,而非二者的一致性。尽管社会中的个体思维和行为会呈现较大的差异,但对健康的感知具有统一性,并在更广范围人群内尤为突出,这主要归因于文化价值观的作用。广义的文化心态会随着时间和地理位置的不同而不同,就像健康的社会决定因素也会因文化类型的不同而产生差异。 | Napier A D Ancarno C Butler B Calabrese J Chater A Chatterjee H Guesnet F Horne R Jacyna S Jadhav S Macdonald A Neuendorf U Parkhurst A Reynolds R Scambler G Shamdasani S Smith S Z Stougaard-Nielsen J Thomson L Tyler N Volkmann A M Walker T Watson J Williams A C Willott C Wilson J Woolf K | 2016 | 中国卫生政策研究2016，9，3： | 2 |
| 18 | Definition of Tumor-associated Antigens in Hepatocellular Carcinoma 显示文摘 | Stenner-Liewen F Luo G Sahin U | 2000 | Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention2000，9，3： | 2 |
| 19 | Kontrastmittelsonografie bei B-Bild-morphologisch unklaren Leberraumforderungen – Diagnostische Treffsicherheit im klinischen Alltag (DEGUM-Multicenter – Studie)显示文摘 | D Strobel K Seitz W Blank A Schuler C Dietrich A Herbay M Friedrich-Rust G Kunze D Becker U Will W Kratzer F Albert C Pachmann K Dirks H Strunk C Greis T Bernatik | 2008 | Ultraschall in Med2008，，05： | 2 |
| 20 | Optimized resource allocation for emergency response after earthquake disasters显示文摘 | F Fiedrich F Gehbauer U Rickers | 2000 | Safety Science2000，，1： | 2 |
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