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| 1 | Pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy for pancreatic exocrine insufficiency in the 21^(st) century显示文摘Restitution of normal fat absorption in exocrine pancreatic insufficiency remains an elusive goal. Although many patients achieve satisfactory clinical results with enzyme therapy, few experience normalization of fat absorption, and many, if not most, will require individualized therapy. Increasing the quantity of lipase administered rarely eliminates steatorrhea but increases the cost of therapy. Enteric coated enzyme microbead formulations tend to separate from nutrients in the stomach precluding coordinated emptying of enzymes and nutrients. Unprotected enzymes mix well and empty with nutrients but are inactivated at pH 4 or below. We describe approaches for improving the results of enzyme therapy including changing to, or adding, a different product, adding non-enteric coated enzymes,(e.g., giving unprotected enzymes at the start of the mealand acid-protected formulations later), use of antisecretory drugs and/or antacids, and changing the timing of enzyme administration. Because considerable lipid is emptied in the first postprandial hour, it is prudent to start therapy with enteric coated microbead prior to the meal so that some enzymes are available during that first hour. Patients with hyperacidity may benefit from adjuvant antisecretory therapy to reduce the duodenal acid load and possibly also sodium bicarbonate to prevent duodenal acidity. Comparative studies of clinical effectiveness of different formulations as well as the characteristics of dispersion, emptying, and dissolution of enteric-coated microspheres of different diameter and density are needed; many such studies have been completed but not yet made public. We discuss the history of pancreatic enzyme therapy and describe current use of modern preparations, approaches to overcoming unsatisfactory clinical responses, as well as studies needed to be able to provide reliably effective therapy. | Tony Trang Johanna Chan David Y Graham | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，33： | 17 |
| 2 | Reduced striatal volumes in Parkinson’s disease:a magnetic resonance imaging study显示文摘Background:The presence and extent of structural changes in the brain as a consequence of Parkinson’s disease(PD)is still poorly understood.Methods:High-resolution 3-tesla T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance images in sixty-five PD and 27 age-matched healthy control participants were examined.Putamen,caudate,and intracranial volumes were manually traced in the axial plane of 3D reconstructed images.Striatal nuclei volumes were normalized to intracranial volume for statistical comparison.Disease status was assessed using the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale and Hoehn and Yahr scale.Cognitive status was assessed using global status tests and detailed neuropsychological testing.Results:Both caudate and putamen volumes were smaller in PD brains compared to controls after adjusting for age and gender.Caudate volumes were reduced by 11%(p=0.001)and putamen volumes by 8.1%(p=0.025).PD striatal volumes were not found to be significantly correlated with cognitive or motor decline.Conclusion:Small,but significant reductions in the volume of both the caudate and putamen occur in PD brains.These reductions are independent of the effects of age and gender,however the relation of these reductions to the functional loss of dopamine,which is characteristic of PD,remains unclear. | Toni L Pitcher Tracy R Melzer Michael R MacAskill Charlotte F Graham Leslie Livingston Ross J Keenan Richard Watts John C Dalrymple-Alford Tim J Anderson | 2012 | Translational Neurodegeneration2012，1，1： | 2 |
| 3 | Mesenchymal stem cell tracking in the intervertebral disc显示文摘Low back pain is a common clinical problem, which leads to significant social, economic and public health costs. Intervertebral disc(IVD) degeneration is accepted as a common cause of low back pain. Initially, this is characterized by a loss of proteoglycans from the nucleus pulposus resulting in loss of tissue hydration and hydrostatic pressure. Conservative management,including analgesia and physiotherapy often fails and surgical treatment, such as spinal fusion, is required. Stem cells offer an exciting possible regenerative approach to IVD disease. Preclinical research has demonstrated promising biochemical, histological and radiological results in restoring degenerate IVDs. Cell tracking provides an opportunity to develop an in-depth understanding of stem cell survival, differentiation and migration, enabling optimization of stem cell treatment. Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI) is a non-invasive, non-ionizing imaging modality with high spatial resolution, ideally suited for stem cell tracking. Furthermore, novel MRI sequences have the potential to quantitatively assess IVD disease, providing an improved method to review response to biological treatment. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles have been extensively researched for the purpose of cell tracking. These particles are biocompatible, non-toxic and act as excellent MRI contrast agents. This review will explore recent advances and issues in stem cell tracking and molecular imaging in relation to the IVD. | Charles Handley Tony Goldschlager David Oehme Peter Ghosh Graham Jenkin | 2015 | World Journal of Stem Cells2015，7，1： | 1 |
| 4 | Marketing Capabilities and finn Perfonnance:a Hierarchical Model 显示文摘 | Graham Hooley John Fahy Tony Cox | 1999 | Journal of Market-Focused Management1999，4，3： | 1 |
| 5 | 用DHTML和XML编织Web显示文摘——HTML因其简单、易于编写而获得非常广泛的采用;也正因为其过于简单而无法满足Web的更多的表现能力,又爱又恼皆缘君。本文介绍为解决这一限制而出现的多种编写Web页面的工具软件。 | Scott Mace Udo Flohr Rick Dobson Tony Graham 席德宁 | 1998 | 中文信息1998，15，5： | 1 |
| 6 | Marketing Capabilities and Firm Performance: A Hierarchical Model显示文摘 | Graham Hooley John Fahy Tony Cox Jozsef Beracs Krzysztof Fonfara Boris Snoj | 1999 | Journal of Market - Focused Management1999，，3： | 1 |
| 7 | Marketing Capabil-ities and Finn Perfor- mance: A Hierarchical Model 显示文摘 | Hooley Graham Fahy John Cox Tony BeracsJozsef Fonfara Krzysztof and Snoj Boris | 1999 | Joumalof Marke-t Focused Manage- ment1999，4，3： | 1 |
| 8 | Marketing capabilities and firm performance: a hierarchical model显示文摘 | Hooley Graham John Fahy Tony Cox Jozaef Beracs Kraysztof Fonfara Boris Snoj | 1994 | Journal of market-focused management1994，4，： | 1 |
| 9 | Electronic commerce to support construction design and supply-chain management: a research note显示文摘 | Tony Elliman Graham Orange | 2000 | International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management2000，，3： | 1 |
| 10 | The involvement of trehalose in yeast stress tolerance 显示文摘 | Tony D A Rena C Graham G S | 1991 | Journal of Industrial Microbiology1991，7，： | 1 |
| 11 | Marketing Capabilities and Firm Performance: A Hierarchical Model显示文摘 | Graham Hooley John Fahy Tony Cox Jozsef Beracs Krzysztof Fonfara Boris Snoj | 1999 | Journal of Market - Focused Management1999，，3： | 1 |
| 12 | Marketing Capabilities and Firm Performance: A Hierarchical Model 显示文摘 | Hooley Graham Fahy John Cox Tony Beracs Jozsef Fonfara Krzysztof and Snoj Boris | 1999 | Journal of Market-Focused Management1999，4，3： | 1 |
| 13 | Marketing Capabilities and Firm Performance: A Hierarchical Model显示文摘 | Graham Hooley John Fahy Tony Cox Jozsef Beracs Krzysztof Fonfara Boris Snoj | 1999 | Journal of Market - Focused Management1999，，3： | 1 |
| 14 | Bioturbation of the weipa bauxite 显示文摘 | Tony Eggleton Graham Taylor | 2005 | Regolith 2005 - Ten Years of CRC LEME2005，，： | 1 |
| 15 | Ethanol tolerance of yeast 显示文摘 | Tony D' Amore Graham G Stewart | 1987 | Enzyme and Microbial Technology1987，9，6： | 1 |
| 16 | Foreign Direct Investment in Hungary: Resource Acquisition and Domestic Competitive Advantage 显示文摘 | Graham Hooley Tony Cox David Shipley John Fahy Jozsef Beracs Krisztina Kolos | 1996 | Journal of International Business Studies1996，27，4： | 1 |
| 17 | Disturbance-mediated competition:the interacting roles of inundation regime and mechanical and herbicidal control in determining native and invasive plant abundance显示文摘 | Tony C Graham P | | 0，，09： | 1 |
| 18 | Marketing capabilities and firm performance: a hierarchical model 显示文摘 | Graham Hooley John Fahy Tony Cox | 1999 | Journal of Market-Focused Management1999，4，3： | 1 |
| 19 | The development and impact of marketing capabilites in central Europe 显示文摘 | John Fahy Graham Hooley Tony Cox | 2000 | Journal of International Business Studies2000，31，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Voom预约直升机运营经验推动空客“City Airbus”设计优化显示文摘Voom是空客A3创新公司推出的首个直升机服务即时预订平台,约一年前在巴西开始运营。空客公司由此获得了城市空中交通解决方案方面的许多宝贵经验,并计划将这些经验用于其“城市空中客车”(CityAirbus)eVTOL飞行器的设计优化中。 | Tony Osborne Graham Warwick | 2018 | 国际航空2018，0，4： | 0 |
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