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| 1 | Effect of Niobium on Microstructure of Cast AISI H13 Hot Work Tool Steel显示文摘The effect of niobium addition on the microstructure of cast AISI H13 hot work tool steel was evaluated by using EDX analyzer attached to the scanning electron microscope. The volume percent of eutectic area and eutectic cell size and also volume percent of different carbides of new steel, which is heat treated under different conditions, are also determined. The results show that the a niobium addition modifies the cast structure of Nb-alloyed hot work tool steel, and reduces the size and volume of eutectic cells,and increases the maximum hardness of the steel. | Shahram Kheirandish Ahmad Noorian | 2008 | Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International)2008，15，4： | 28 |
| 2 | Effect of Bainite Morphology on Mechanical Properties of the Mixed Bainite-martensite Microstructure in D6AC Steel显示文摘The effect of bainite morphology on mechanical properties of the mixed bainite-martensite microstructure in D6AC low alloy ultra-high strength steel has been studied in the present work. For this purpose, samples austenitized at 910 C for 40 min were quenched in three different ways. Some of the samples were directly oil-quenched, some others were quenched in salt bath at 330 C and the remaining samples were quenched in salt bath at 425 C for various holding times. All samples were tempered at 200 C for 2 h. Microstructures were examined by optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Fracture surfaces also were studied by SEM. Results showed that the mixed microstructure containing martensite and 28 vol.% of the lower bainite exhibited higher yield and tensile strengths than the fully martensitic microstructure. This could be mainly attributed to the partitioning of the prior austenite grains by the lower bainite and enhancing the strength of lower bainite in the mixed microstructure by plastic constraint. Charpy V-notch (CVN) impact energy and ductility were improved by increasing the volume fraction of the lower bainite. This is not the case about the mixed microstructure containing the upper bainite and martensite. As a result, the tensile and CVN impact properties of mixed upper bainite-martensite microstructure are lower than those of the fully martensitic microstructure. Finally, fractography studies showed cleavage fracture at the surface of CVN impact specimens with martensitic and upper bainitic microstructures confirming the tendency to brittle behavior. | Khodamorad Abbaszadeh Hassan Saghafian Shahram Kheirandish | 2012 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2012，28，4： | 20 |
| 3 | Management of distal humeral coronal shear fractures显示文摘Coronal shear fractures of the distal humerus are rare,complex fractures that can be technically challenging to manage. They usually result from a low-energy fall and direct compression of the distal humerus by the radial head in a hyper-extended or semi-flexed elbow or from spontaneous reduction of a posterolateral subluxation or dislocation. Due to the small number of soft tissue attachments at this site, almost all of these fractures are displaced. The incidence of distal humeral coronal shear fractures is higher among women because of the higher rate of osteoporosis in women and the difference in carrying angle between men and women. Distal humeral coronal shear fractures may occur in isolation, may be part of a complex elbow injury, or may be associated with injuries proximal or distal to the elbow. An associated lateral collateral ligament injury is seen in up to 40% and an associated radial head fracture is seen in up to 30% of these fractures. Given the complex nature of distal humeral coronal shear fractures, there is preference for operative management. Operative fixation leads to stable anatomic reduction, restores articular congruity, and allows initiation of early range-of-motion movements in the majority of cases. Several surgical exposure and fixation techniques are available to reconstruct the articular surface fol owing distal humeral coronal shear fractures. The lateral extensile approach and fixation with countersunk headless compression screws placed in an anterior-to-posterior fashion are commonly used. We have found a two-incision approach(direct anterior and lateral) that results in less soft tissue dissection and better outcomes than the lateral extensile approach in our experience. Stiffness, pain, articular incongruity, arthritis, and ulnohumeral instability may result if reduction is non-anatomic or if fixation fails. | Shahram S Yari Nathan L Bowers Miguel A Craig Lee M Reichel | 2015 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2015，3，5： | 15 |
| 4 | An error-free protocol for quantum entanglement distribution in long-distance quantum communication显示文摘Quantum entanglement distribution is an essential part of quantum communication and computation protocols. Here, linear optic elements are employed for the distribution of quantum entanglement over a long distance. Polarization beam splitters and wave plates are used to realize an error-free protocol for broadcasting quantum entanglement in optical quantum communication. This protocol can determine the maximum distance of quantum communication without decoherence. Error detection and error correc-tion are performed in the proposed scheme. In other words, if there is a bit flip along the quantum channel, the end stations (Alice and Bob) can detect this state change and obtain the correct state (entangled photon) at another port. Existing general error detec-tion protocols are based on the quantum controlled-NOT (CNOT) or similar quantum logic operations, which are very difficult to implement experimentally. Here we present a feasible scheme for the implementation of entanglement distribution based on a linear optics element that does not need a quantum CNOT gate. | SALEMIAN Shamsolah MOHAMMADNEJAD Shahram | 2011 | Chinese Science Bulletin2011，56，7： | 12 |
| 5 | Predictive value and main determinants of abnormal features of intraoperative cholangiography during cholecystectomy显示文摘BACKGROUND:The major issue with intraoperative cholangiography (IOC) is whether its diagnostic accuracy for common bile duct (CBD) stones matches that of other diagnostic procedures,and thus,whether it will become a routine diagnostic procedure.The current study aimed to address the main determinants of CBD stone diagnosis in IOC among an Iranian population.METHODS:In a retrospective review database-based study conducted in Taleghani Hospital in Tehran between 2006 and 2008,baseline data and perioperative information of 2060 patients (male to female ratio 542:1518,mean age 53.7 years) who were candidates for cholecystectomy and underwent concomitant IOC for confirming CBD stones were reviewed.The predictive power of this procedure for diagnosis of abnormal biliary ducts with the focus on biliary stones was determined.RESULTS:Overall mortality and morbidity following cholecystectomy in the study population were 0.6% and 2.6%,respectively.Both early mortality and morbidity due to cholecystectomy were higher in male than female.The prevalence of CBD stones in IOC was 3.4% (5.2% in male and 2.8% in female,P=0.008).Among those without gallstones,8.7% had CBD stones and only 3.1% had concomitant gallstones and CBD stones.The main predictors of stone appearance as an abnormal feature of IOC during cholecystectomy were:advanced age (OR=1.022,P=0.001),male gender (OR=1.498,P=0.050),history of abdominal surgery (OR=1.543,P=0.040) and preoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (OR=5.400,P<0.001).CONCLUSIONS:IOC is a safe and accurate method for the assessment of bile duct anatomy and stones.Therefore,the routine use of IOC within cholecystectomy seems reasonable and is recommended. | Shahram Yousefpour Azary Heshmat Kalbasi Ali Setayesh Mirhadi Mousavi Asad Hashemi Mahsa Khodadoostan Mohammad Reza Zali Amir Houshang Mohammad Alizadeh | 2011 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2011，10，3： | 11 |
| 6 | Effect of Heat Treatment on Microstructure of Modified Cast AISI D3 Cold Work Tool Steel显示文摘The effects of heat treatment on the microstructure of modified cast high chromium high carbon AISI D3 steel were studied.The modified AISI D3 steel was developed by replacing part of chromium with niobium and titanium,in which chromium carbide was partially replaced with MC carbides.The cast samples produced by investment casting were heat treated under different conditions.The microstructures of the samples were studied by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope equipped with EDS analyzer.To determine the optimized homogenizing process,the effects of homogenizing treatment on the microstructure and the morphology of carbides were also studied.The results show that the MC carbides are not changed in shape and amounts during high temperature homogenizing,whereas the M3C carbides are reduced in amount and become semiglobular in shape,and the homogeneity of microstructure is improved. | Shahram Kheirandish Hasan Saghafian Jalal Hedjazi Mohammad Momeni | 2010 | Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International)2010，17，9： | 8 |
| 7 | T2* magnetic resonance imaging of the liver in thalassemic patients in Iran显示文摘AIM: To investigate the accuracy of T2*-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI T2*) in the evaluation of iron overload in beta-thalassemia major patients. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 210 patients with beta-thalassemia major having regular blood transfusions were consecutively enrolled. Serum ferritin levels were measured, and all patients underwent MRI T2* of the liver. Liver biopsy was performed in 53 patients at an interval of no longer than 3 mo after the MRIT2* in each patient. The amount of iron was assessed in both MRI T2* and liver biopsy specimens of each patient. RESULTS: Patients’ ages ranged from 8 to 54 years with a mean of 24.59 ± 8.5 years. Mean serum ferritin level was 1906 ± 1644 ng/mL. Liver biopsy showed a moderate negative correlation with liver MRI T2* (r = -0.573, P = 0.000) and a low positive correlation with ferritin level (r = 0.350, P = 0.001). Serum ferritin levels showed a moderate negative correlation with liver MRI T2* values (r = -0.586, P = 0.000). CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that MRI T2* is a non-invasive, safe and reliable method for detecting iron load in patients with iron overload. | Farhad Zamani Sara Razmjou Shahram Akhlaghpoor Seyyedeh-Masoomeh Eslami Azita Azarkeivan Afsaneh Amiri | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，4： | 8 |
| 8 | Adsorption of Folic Acid on the Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes: AIM and NBO Analyses via DFT显示文摘In the present work,the behavior of folic acid(FA) molecule adsorbed onto single-walled carbon nanotube(SWCNT) was examined using the DFT-B3LYP/6-31G* level.In order to obtain information about the binding features of SWCNT as adsorbent with FA molecule,several studies,including the structural and electronic parameters and also the Atoms in Molecules(AIM) analysis,were performed.It was observed that the FA molecule via hydrogen bond prefers to adsorb on SWCNT with adsorption energy of about-18.70 kcal/mol.The molecular orbitals(HOMO and LUMO),natural bond orbital(NBO) analysis,and density of states(DOS) plot indicated that a charge about 0.032 | e | is transferred from the FA molecule to the nanotube.After solvation energy calculations,it was found that the presence of a polar solvent causes an increase in FA adsorption on the single-walled carbon nanotube.Topological features such as electron energy density(Hc) and Laplacian of the electron density(2ρc) demonstrate partial covalent nature for H(116)…O(10) interaction in the FA/SWCNT complex.According to the calculated results,the single-walled carbon nanotubes are expected to be a potential efficient adsorbent for the adsorption of folic acid drug and also can be used as a suitable drug delivery vehicle within biological systems. | Shahla Hamedani Shahram Moradi Hossein Aghaie | 2015 | Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry2015，34，8： | 6 |
| 9 | 桑蓟马在桑树中空间分布的研究(英文)显示文摘桑蓟马Pseudodendrothrips mori是桑树的一种主要害虫。它的寄生直接影响供桑叶的质量和产量。我们通过泰勒幂法则和Morisita的散度指标对桑树蓟马在植株和桑园内的空间分布进行检验,结果显示:P.mori种群在植株内和桑园里的分布都存在局部化。桑树中蓟马的分布在树内显示出幼虫蓟马位于低层(从上面叶子起5-10层),但成虫更喜欢上层(从上面叶子起1-5层)。同一植株叶子的不同方向上蓟马密度没有出现明显变化。桑园内蓟马主要分布在桑园东部、南部和北部的植株上,中部,西部植株上的蓟马密度较低。P.mori的成虫和幼虫在叶子上的分布呈现明显聚集化。 | Shahram Hesami Kayvan Etebari Hassan Pourbabaei Mohammad Mojtaba Kamelmanesh | 2007 | Zoological Research2007，28，3： | 5 |
| 10 | Tempering Behavior of 4.5Cr-2W-0.25V Steel显示文摘The tempering behavior of a Cr-W-V steel was investigated in this research.This new alloy with the composition of Fe-4.5Cr-2W-0.25V-0.1C was austenitized at 1000 ℃ for 30 min and tempered at 600 and 700 ℃ for different time up to 100 h.An OM analysis of the microstructure of air cooled and water quenched specimens before tempering showed that although under both conditions fully martensitic matrix formed,finer structure had formed in the water quenched specimens.The XRD and TEM results showed that the most stable carbides formed during tempering of the steel were M23C6 and M7C3,respectively.Other carbides such as M3C and M2C,formed in the first stages of tempering,and stable MC were also observed.The results showed that when the tempering time,temperature and cooling rate were increased,mass percent of extracted precipitates was increased.In addition,the formation rate of the stable carbides such as M23C6 and dissolution rate of the metastable carbides such as M3C and M2C were increased. | Mohsen Asadi Asadabad Shahram Kheirandish Abdul Javad Novinrooz | 2010 | Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International)2010，17，10： | 5 |
| 11 | Investigation on the homogenization treatment and element segregation on the microstructure of a γ/γ′-cobalt-based superalloy显示文摘The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of element segregation on the microstructure and γ′ phase in a γ/γ′ cobalt-based superalloy. Several samples were prepared from a cast alloy and homogenized at 1300°C for different times, with a maximum of 24 h. A microstructural study of the cast alloy using wavelength-dispersive spectroscopic analysis revealed that elements such as Al, Ti, and Ni segregated mostly within interdendritic regions, whereas W atoms were segregated within dendrite cores. With an increase in homogenization time, segregation decreased and the initial dendritic structure was eliminated. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy micrographs showed that the γ′ phases in the cores and interdendritic regions of the as-cast alloy were 392 and 124 nm, respectively. The size difference of γ′ was found to be due to the different segregation behaviors of constituent elements during solidification. After homogenization, particularly after 16 h, segregation decreased; thus, the size, chemical composition, and hardness of the precipitated γ′ phase was mostly uniform throughout the samples. | Saeed Aliakbari Sani Hossein Arabi Shahram Kheirandish Golamreza Ebrahimi | 2019 | International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials2019，26，2： | 5 |
| 12 | Provenance, Tectonic Setting and Geochemistry of Ahwaz Sandstone Member(Asmari Formation, Oligo-Miocene), Marun Oilfield, Zagros Basin, SW Iran显示文摘The Asmari Formation deposited in the Zagros foreland basin during the OligoceneMiocene. Lithologically, the Asmari Formation consists of limestone, dolomitic limestone, dolomite, argillaceous limestone, some anhydrite(Kalhur Member) and sandstones(Ahwaz Member). This study is based on the analysis of core samples from four subsurface sections(wells Mn-68, Mn-281, Mn-292 and Mn-312) in the Marun Oilfield in the Dezful embayment subzone in order to infer their provenance and tectonic setting of the Ahwaz Sandstone Member. Petrographical data reveal that the Ahwaz Sandstone comprises 97.5% quartz, 1.6% feldspar, and 0.9% rock fragments and all samples are classified as quartz arenites. The provenance and tectonic setting of the Ahwaz Sandstone have been assessed using integrated petrographic and geochemical studies. Petrographic analysis reveals that mono- and poly-crystalline quartz grains from metamorphic and igneous rocks of a craton interior setting were the dominant sources. Chemically, major and trace element concentrations in the rocks of the Ahwaz Sandstone indicate deposition in a passive continental margin setting. As indicated by the CIW′ index(chemical index of weathering) of the Ahwaz Sandstone(average value of 82) their source area underwent 'intense' recycling but 'moderate to high' degree of chemical weathering. The petrography and geochemistry results are consistent with a tropical, humid climate and low-relief highlands. | Shahram AVARJANI Asadollah MAHBOUBI Reza MOUSSAVI-HARAMI Hassan AMIRI-BAKHTIAR | 2014 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2014，88，3： | 4 |
| 13 | HEAT-RESISTANT,PYRIDINE-BASED POLYAMIDES CONTAINING ETHER AND ESTER UNITS WITH IMPROVED SOLUBILITY显示文摘A diamine containing ether and ester units,as basic monomer for the preparation of polyamides,was prepared via three consecutive reactions.Nucleophilic substitution reaction of 1,4-dihydroxy benzene with 4-nitrobenzoyl chloride produced 4-hydroxyphenyl 4-nitrobenzoate(HPNB).Reduction of nitro groups to amino groups using Fe and HC1 resulted in preparation of 4-hydroxyphenyl 4-aminobenzoate(HPAB).The diamine was synthesized through nucleophilic substitution reaction of HPAB with 2,6-dichloropyridine The precursors and diamine were fully characterized by common methods,and the diamine was polycondensed with different diacid chlorides in the presence of an acid scavenger to prepare new polyamides.The polyamides were characterized,and their physical properties including thermal stability and behavior, inherent viscosity and solubility were studied. | Hassan Ebadi Shahram Mehdipour-Ataei | 2010 | Chinese Journal of Polymer Science2010，28，1： | 4 |
| 14 | Drought Forecasting in a Semi-arid Watershed Using Climate Signals:a Neuro-fuzzy Modeling Approach显示文摘Large-scale annual climate indices were used to forecast annual drought conditions in the Maharlu-Bakhtegan watershed,located in Iran,using a neuro-fuzzy model.The Standardized Precipitation Index(SPI) was used as a proxy for drought conditions.Among the 45 climate indices considered,eight identified as most relevant were the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation(AMO),Atlantic Meridional Mode(AMM),the Bivariate ENSO Time series(BEST),the East Central Tropical Pacific Surface Temperature(NINO 3.4),the Central Tropical Pacific Surface Temperature(NINO 4),the North Tropical Atlantic Index(NTA),the Southern Oscillation Index(SOI),and the Tropical Northern Atlantic Index(TNA).These indices accounted for 81% of the variance in the Principal Components Analysis(PCA) method.The Atlantic surface temperature(SST:Atlantic) had an inverse relationship with SPI,and the AMM index had the highest correlation.Drought forecasts of neuro-fuzzy model demonstrate better prediction at a two-year lag compared to a stepwise regression model. | Bahram CHOUBIN Shahram KHALIGHI-SIGAROODI Arash MALEKIAN Sajjad AHMAD Pedram ATTAROD | 2014 | Journal of Mountain Science2014，11，6： | 4 |
| 15 | Should we change our approach to resuscitating victims of femoral fracture?A clinical experience in a busy trauma hospital in Shiraz,Iran显示文摘Purpose Traumatic hemorrhagic shock is a life-threatening event worldwide.Severe brain trauma accompanying femoral fractures can trigger inflammatory responses in the body and increase pre-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α,IL-1.The primary treatment in these cases is hydration with crystalloids,which has both benefits and complications.The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of fluid therapy on the hemodynamics,coagulation profiles,and blood gases in such patients.Methods In this cross-sectional study,patients were divided into two groups:femoral fracture group and non-femoral group.The hemodynamic status,coagulation profile,and blood gases of patients in both groups were evaluated upon arrival at the hospital and again 2 h later.Data were analyzed by t-test and ANOVA with repeated data and paired samples t-test.Results A total of 681 trauma patients(605 men and 76 women)participated in this study,including 69(86.3%)men and 11(13.8%)women in femoral fracture group and 536 men(89.2%)and 65 women(10.8%)in non-femoral group.The laboratory parameters were evaluated in response to the equal amount of crystalloid fluid given upon arrival and 2 h later.Blood gases decreased in the fracture group despite fluid therapy(p<0.003),and the coagulation profile worsened although the change was not statistically significant.Conclusion The treatment of multiple-trauma patients with femoral bone fractures should be more concerned with the need for the infusion of vasopressors such as norepinephrine.If there is evidence of clinical shock,excessive crystalloid infusion(limited to 1 L)should be avoided,and blood and blood products should be started as soon as possible. | Shahram Paydar Ali Taheri Akerdi Sadra Nikseresht Hossein Abdolrahimzadeh-Fard Leila Shayan Zahra Ghahramani Shahram Bolandparvaz Hamid Reza Abbasi | 2021 | Chinese Journal of Traumatology2021，24，1： | 3 |
| 16 | Analysis of the in vitro degradation and the in vivo tissue response to bi-layered 3D-printed scaffolds combining PLA and biphasic PLA/bioglass components--Guidance of the inflammatory response as basis for osteochondral regeneration显示文摘The aim of the present study was the in vitro and in vivo analysis of a bi-layered 3D-printed scaffold combining a PLA layer and a biphasic PLA/bioglass G5 layer for regeneration of osteochondral defects in vivo Focus of the in vitro analysis was on the(molecular)weight loss and the morphological and mechanical variations after immersion in SBF.The in vivo study focused on analysis of the tissue reactions and differences in the implant bed vascularization using an established subcutaneous implantation model in CD-1 mice and established histological and histomorphometrical methods.Both scaffold parts kept their structural integrity,while changes in morphology were observed,especially for the PLA/G5 scaffold.Mechanical properties decreased with progressive degradation,while the PLA/G5 scaffolds presented higher compressive modulus than PLA scaffolds.The tissue reaction to PLA included low numbers of BMGCs and minimal vascularization of its implant beds,while the addition of G5 lead to higher numbers of BMGCs and a higher implant bed vascularization.Analysis revealed that the use of a bi-layered scaffold shows the ability to observe distinct in vivo response despite the physical proximity of PLA and PLA/G5 layers.Altogether,the results showed that the addition of G5 enables to reduce scaffold weight loss and to increase mechanical strength.Furthermore,the addition of G5 lead to a higher vascularization of the implant bed required as basis for bone tissue regeneration mediated by higher numbers of BMGCs,while within the PLA parts a significantly lower vascularization was found optimally for chondral regeneration.Thus,this data show that the analyzed bi-layered scaffold may serve as an ideal basis for the regeneration of osteochondral tissue defects.Additionally,the results show that it might be able to reduce the number of experimental animals required as it may be possible to analyze the tissue response to more than one implant in one experimental animal. | Mike Barbeck Tiziano Serra Patrick Booms Sanja Stojanovic Stevo Najman Elisabeth Engel Robert Sader Charles James Kirkpatrick Melba Navarro Shahram Ghanaati | 2017 | Bioactive Materials2017，2，4： | 3 |
| 17 | Randomized placebo‐controlled trial of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in decompensated cirrhosis显示文摘 | Mehdi Mohamadnejad Kamran Alimoghaddam Mohammad Bagheri Mandana Ashrafi Leila Abdollahzadeh Shahram Akhlaghpoor Maryam Bashtar Ardeshir Ghavamzadeh Reza Malekzadeh | 2013 | Liver Int2013，，10： | 3 |
| 18 | Highly efficient and green synthesis of 14-aryl(alkyl)-14H-dibenzo[a,j]xanthene and 1,8-dioxooctahydroxanthene derivatives catalyzed by reusable zirconyl triflate[ZrO(OTf)_2]under solvent-free conditions显示文摘An efficient,convenient and green method has been introduced for the preparation of 14-aryl(alkyl)-14H-dibenzo[a,j]xanthene and 1,8-dioxooctahydroxanthene derivatives by the reaction of aldehydes with 2-naphthol and 5,5-dimethyl-1,3-cyclohexanedione, respectively,in the presence of ZrO(OTf)2 as a reusable catalyst under solvent-free conditions.In addition,very short reaction times, excellent yields,straightforward procedure,and relatively non-toxicity of the catalyst are other noteworthy advantages of the present method. | Iraj Mohammadpoor-Baltork Majid Moghadam Valiollah Mirkhani Shahram Tangestaninejad Hamid Reza Tavakoli | 2011 | Chinese Chemical Letters2011，22，1： | 3 |
| 19 | Coupling system application in photocatalytic degradation of methylorange by TiO_2, TiO_2/SiO_2 and TiO_2/SiO_2/Ag显示文摘Three different photocatalysts including TiO_2,TiO_2/SiO_2 and TiO_2/SiO_2/Ag were synthesized via sol-gel growth method,in which colloidal silica was used as Si source,titanium tetra iso-propoxide(TTiP) as titanium source,Ag^+ as dopant ion and hydroxypropyl cellulose(HPC) as dispersant.The purpose was to study the enhancement of photocatalytic activity of TiO_2 by deposition on SiO_2 colloids and also doping with Ag ion.The catalysts were characterized using X-ray diffraction(XRD),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),X-ray fluorescence(XRF),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR)and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET) methods.It is confirmed that the major phase in all catalysts is anatase.Photocatalytic activity was studied in various conditions for degradation of methylorange(as a model pollutant) to evaluate the effect of some parameters on degradation efficiency.Studying the degradation process in various pH values reveals that the degradation is more efficient in acidic solution than alkaline condition.Coupling the photocatalytic process with some fields called electro-photochemical(EP),magnetic-photochemical(MP) and ultrasonic-photochemical(UP) was studied at two pH values which were compared with photochemical(P) alone.It is concluded that in most cases,the EP is the best coupled system and has the maximum efficiency.Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS)analysis was used to check the complete decomposition of methylorange at the end of process. | Hossein Ghasemi Mobtaker Seyed Javad Ahmadi Shahram Moradi Dehaghi Taher Yousefi | 2015 | Rare Metals2015，34，12： | 3 |
| 20 | On the use of the genetic programming for balanced load distribution in software-defined networks显示文摘As a new networking paradigm,Software-Defined Networking(SDN)enables us to cope with the limitations of traditional networks.SDN uses a controller that has a global view of the network and switch devices which act as packet forwarding hardware,known as“OpenFlow switches”.Since load balancing service is essential to distribute workload across servers in data centers,we propose an effective load balancing scheme in SDN,using a genetic programming approach,called Genetic Programming based Load Balancing(GPLB).We formulate the problem to find a path:1)with the best bottleneck switch which has the lowest capacity within bottleneck switches of each path,2)with the shortest path,and 3)requiring the less possible operations.For the purpose of choosing the real-time least loaded path,GPLB immediately calculates the integrated load of paths based on the information that receives from the SDN controller.Hence,in this design,the controller sends the load information of each path to the load balancing algorithm periodically and then the load balancing algorithm returns a least loaded path to the controller.In this paper,we use the Mininet emulator and the OpenDaylight controller to evaluate the effectiveness of the GPLB.The simulative study of the GPLB shows that there is a big improvement in performance metrics and the latency and the jitter are minimized.The GPLB also has the maximum throughput in comparison with related works and has performed better in the heavy traffic situation.The results show that our model stands smartly while not increasing further overhead. | Shahram Jamali Amin Badirzadeh Mina Soltani Siapoush | 2019 | Digital Communications and Networks2019，5，4： | 3 |
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