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| 1 | S100B protein in the gut:The evidence for enteroglial-sustained intestinal inflammation显示文摘Glial cells in the gut represent the morphological and functional equivalent of astrocytes and microglia in the central nervous system (CNS). In recent years, the role of enteric glial cells (EGCs) has extended from that of simple nutritive support for enteric neurons to that of being pivotal participants in the regulation of inflammatory events in the gut. Similar to the CNS astrocytes, the EGCs physiologically express the S100B protein that exerts either trophic or toxic effects depending on its concentration in the extracellular milieu. In the CNS, S100B overexpression is responsible for the initiation of a gliotic reaction by the release of pro-inflammatory mediators, which may have a deleterious effect on neighboring cells. S100B-mediated pro-inflammatory effects are not limited to the brain: S100B overexpression is associated with the onset and maintenance of inflammation in the human gut too. In this review we describe the major features of EGCs and S100B protein occurring in intestinal inflammation deriving from such. | Carla Cirillo Giovanni Sarnelli Giuseppe Esposito Fabio Turco Luca Steardo Rosario Cuomo | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，10： | 16 |
| 2 | Diet and functional dyspepsia: Clinical correlates and therapeutic perspectives显示文摘Hypervigilance and symptoms anticipation,visceral hypersensitivity and gastroduodenal sensorimotor abnormalities account for the varied clinical presentation of functional dyspepsia(FD)patients.Many patients recognize meals as the main triggering factor;thus,dietary manipulations often represent the first-line management strategy in this cohort of patients.Nonetheless,scarce quality evidence has been produced regarding the relationship between specific foods and/or macronutrients and the onset of FD symptoms,resulting in nonstandardized nutritional approaches.Most dietary advises are indeed empirical and often lead to exclusion diets,reinforcing in patients the perception of“being intolerant”to food and self-perpetuating some of the very mechanisms underlying dyspepsia physiopathology(i.e.,hypervigilance and symptom anticipation).Clinicians are often uncertain regarding the contribution of specific foods to dyspepsia physiopathology and dedicated professionals(i.e.,dietitians)are only available in tertiary referral settings.This in turn,can result in nutritionally unbalanced diets and could even encourage restrictive eating behaviors in severe dyspepsia.In this review,we aim at evaluating the relationship between dietary habits,macronutrients and specific foods in determining FD symptoms.We will provide an overview of the evidence-based nutritional approach that should be pursued in these patients,providing clinicians with a valuable tool in standardizing nutritional advises and discouraging patients from engaging into indiscriminate food exclusions. | Marcella Pesce Martina Cargiolli Sara Cassarano Barbara Polese Barbara De Conno Laura Aurino Nicola Mancino Giovanni Sarnelli | 2020 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2020，26，5： | 14 |
| 3 | Irritable bowel syndrome and food interaction显示文摘Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders in Western countries. Despite the high prevalence of this disorders, the therapeutic management of these patients is often unsatisfactory. A number of factors have been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of IBS, including impaired motility and sensitivity, increased permeability, changes in the gut microbiome and alterations in the brain-gut axis. Also food seems to play a critical role: the most of IBS patients report the onset or the exacerbation of their symptoms after the meals. Recently, an increasing attention has been paid to the role of food in IBS. In this review we summarize the most recent evidences about the role of diet on IBS symptoms. A diet restricted in fermentable, poorly absorbed carbohydrates and sugar alcohols has beneficial effects on IBS symptoms. More studies are needed to improve our knowledge about the relationship between food and IBS. However, in the foreseeable future, dietary strategies will represent one of the key tools in the therapeutic management of patients with IBS. | Rosario Cuomo Paolo reozzi Francesco Paolo Zito Valentina Passananti Giovanni De Carlo Giovanni Sarnelli | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，27： | 11 |
| 4 | Eosinophilic esophagitis: From pathophysiology to treatment显示文摘Eosinophilic esophagitis(Eo E) is a chronic immune disease, characterized by a dense eosinophilic infiltrate in the esophagus, leading to bolus impaction and refluxlike symptoms. Traditionally considered a pediatric disease, the number of adult patients with Eo E is continuously increasing, with a relatively higher incidence in western countries. Dysphagia and food impaction represent the main symptoms complained by patients, but gastroesophageal reflux-like symptoms may also be present. Esophageal biopsies are mandatory for the diagnosis of Eo E, though clinical manifestations and proton pump inhibitors responsiveness must be taken into consideration. The higher prevalence of Eo E in patients suffering from atopic diseases suggests a common background with allergy, however both the etiology and pathophysiology are not completely understood. Elimination diets are considered the firstline therapy in children, but this approach appears less effective in adults patients, who often require steroids; despite medical treatments, Eo E is complicated in some cases by esophageal stricture and stenosis, that require additional endoscopic treatments. This review summarizes the evidence on Eo E pathophysiology and illustrates the safety and efficacy of the most recent medical and endoscopic treatments. | Alessandra D’Alessandro Dario Esposito Marcella Pesce Rosario Cuomo Giovanni Domenico De Palma Giovanni Sarnelli | 2015 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology2015，6，4： | 4 |
| 5 | 对上面的胃肠的道的活动性混乱的基因贡献显示文摘 Motility disorders of the upper gastrointestinal tract encompass a wide range of different diseases. Esophageal achalasia and functional dyspepsia are representative disorders of impaired motility of the esophagus and stomach, respectively. In spite of their variable prevalence, what both diseases have in common is poor knowledge of their etiology and pathophysiology. There is some evidence showing that there is a genetic predisposition towards these diseases, especially for achalasia. Many authors have investigated the possible genes involved, stressing the autoimmune or the neurological hypothesis, but there is very little data available. Similarly, studies supporting a post-infective etiology, based on an altered immune response in susceptible individuals, need to be validated. Further association studies can help to explain this complex picture and find new therapeutic targets. The aim of this review is to summarize current knowledge of genetics in motility disorders of the upper gastrointestinal tract, addressing how genetics contributes to the development of achalasia and functional dyspepsia respectively. | Giovanni Sarnelli Alessandra D’Alessandro Marcella Pesce Ilaria Palumbo Rosario Cuomo | 2013 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology2013，4，4： | 3 |
| 6 | Leaky gut, dysbiosis, and enteric glia activation: the trilogy behind the intestinal origin of Parkinson’s disease显示文摘Early diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease(PD):how we can improve the therapeutic approach:PD is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by motor dysfunctions(tremor,rigidity,bradykinesia and impaired posture/balance)elicited by selective depletion of dopaminergic(DA)neurons in substantia nigra pars compacta.DA neuron loss is associated with neuronal inclusions of the phosphorylatedα-synuclein protein called Lewy body(Shults,2006).Although the underlying neurodegenerative process is not affected,the management of PD patients has been revolutionized with the introduction of levodopa and DA drugs in the routine therapy,which ensures initial symptomatic relief of motor functions through the DA supply in the nigrostriatal circuit.These drugs are currently the best option for treating PD,although their chronic use is associated with progressive dopamine resistance and loss of effectiveness in the recovery of motor dysfunctions.Alternative therapeutic strategies,including agonists of DA receptors,monoamine oxide B inhibitors,and even deep brain stimulation techniques have been developed to overcome these clinical limitations.Unfortunately,these therapeutic approaches cannot restore PD-compromised functions,as irreversible DA neurodegeneration has occurred in substantia nigra pars compacta when first motor symptoms appear.The nigrostriatal system is traditionally considered as the first region affected by neuronal impairment in Parkinsonisms;however,α-synuclein aggregation appears in a pre-motor stage of the disease in the enteric nervous system(ENS). | Luisa Seguella Giovanni Sarnelli Giuseppe Esposito | 2020 | Neural Regeneration Research2020，15，6： | 3 |
| 7 | Symptom Patterns and Pathophysiological Mechanisms in Dyspeptic Patients with and Without Helicobacter pylori显示文摘 | Giovanni Sarnelli Rosario Cuomo Jozef Janssens Jan Tack | 2003 | Digestive Diseases and Sciences2003，，12： | 2 |
| 8 | Pathophysiology and treatment offunctional dyspepsia显示文摘 | Tack J Bisschops R Sarnelli G | 2004 | Gastroenterology2004，127，： | 1 |
| 9 | Pathophysiology and treat-ment of functional dyspepsia显示文摘 | Tack J Bisschops R Sarnelli G | 2004 | Gastroenterology2004，127，： | 1 |
| 10 | Reproducibility of gastric barostat studies in healthy controls and in dyspeptic patients显示文摘 | Sarnelli G Vos R Cuomo R | 2001 | Am J Gastroenterol2001，96，4： | 1 |
| 11 | Symptoms associated with impaired gasteic emptying of solids and liquids in functional dyspepsia显示文摘 | SARNELLI G GAENEPEEL P GEYPENS B | 2003 | Am J Gastroenterol2003，98，： | 1 |
| 12 | Pathophysiology and treatment of functional dyspepsia显示文摘 | Tack J Bisschops R Sarnelli G | | 0，，04： | 1 |
| 13 | Advances in our understanding of the pathology of chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction 显示文摘 | De Giorgio R Sarnelli G Corinaldesi R | 2004 | Gut2004，53，11： | 1 |
| 14 | Pathophysiology and treatment of functional dyspepsia显示文摘 | Tack J Bisschops R Sarnelli G | 2004 | Gastroenterology2004，127，： | 1 |
| 15 | Functional Dyspepsia Symptoms, Gastric Emptying and Satiety Provocative Test: Analysis of Relationships显示文摘 | R. Cuomo G. Sarnelli R. Grasso D. Bruzzese R. Pumpo M. Salomone E. Nicolai J. Tack G. Budillon | 2001 | Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology2001，，10： | 1 |
| 16 | Functional dyspepsia symptoms,gastric emptying and satiely provocative test:analysis of relationships 显示文摘 | Cuomo R Sarnelli G Grasso R | 2001 | Scand J Gastroentero12001，36，： | 1 |
| 17 | Acid Exposure and Altered Acid Clearance in GERD Patients Treated for HelicoBacter Pylori Infection 显示文摘 | Sarnelli G Ierardi E Grasso R | 2003 | Digestive and Liver Disease2003，35，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Symptoms associatedwith impaired gastric emptying of solids and liquids infunctional dyspepsia显示文摘 | Sarnelli G Caenepeel P Geypens B | 2003 | Am Gastroenterol2003，98，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Inhibitory effects of galanin on evokedi responses in cultured myenteric neurons显示文摘 | SARNELLI G BERGHE P V RAEYMAEKERS P | 2004 | Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol2004，286，： | 1 |
| 20 | Symptoms associated with impaired gastric emptying of solids and liquids in functional dyspepsia显示文摘 | Sarnelli G Caenepeel P Geypens B | 2003 | American Journal of Gastroenterology2003，98，4： | 1 |
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