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| 1 | 鹿肚耳与3种木耳的营养价值评价显示文摘综述皱木耳Auricularia delicata新品种'鹿肚耳'的形态特征和食用特点,测定其与黑木耳、毛木耳、毛木耳白色变种'玉木耳'人工栽培子实体的基本营养成分、矿质元素含量和氨基酸组成,评价其营养价值。结果表明:鹿肚耳热量235 kJ/100g、蛋白质7.21 g/100g、脂肪1.5 g/100g、碳水化合物48.4 g/100g、总膳食纤维29.3g/100g,含有5种常量元素、5种必需微量元素,其中,硒元素含量是黑木耳的4.6倍;含有人体所需的8种必需氨基酸,氨基酸化学评分(CS)和氨基酸评分(ASS)分别为12和18.86,色氨酸为其限制性氨基酸;蛋白质综合评价低于其他3种木耳。 | 张桐 徐安然 杨迪 钱可晴 Samwel 李晓 | 2021 | 食药用菌2021，29，1： | 8 |
| 2 | Combining electroacupuncture and transcranial direct current stimulation as an adjuvant therapy enhances spontaneous conversation and naming in subacute vascular aphasia:A retrospective analysis显示文摘Objective:Emerging evidence shows the effectiveness of speech and language therapy(SLT);however,precise therapeutic parameters remain unclear.Evidence for the use of adjunctive transcranial direct current stimulation(t DCS)to treat post-stroke aphasia(PSA)is promising;however,the utility of combining t DCS and electroacupuncture(EA)has not yet been analyzed.This study assessed the therapeutic consequences of EA and t DCS coupled with SLT in subacute PSA patients who were also undergoing hyperbaric oxygen therapy(HBOT).Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on subacute(<6 months)PSA patients who were divided into three groups:patients who received EA plus t DCS(acupuncture group),patients who underwent t DCS(t DCS group),and patients who experienced conventional therapy(HBOT+SLT).All subjects underwent 21 days of treatment and also received conventional treatment.The aphasia battery of Chinese(ABC)was used to score pre-and post-intervention status.Results:The analysis comprised 238 patients.Cerebral infarction was the most frequent stroke type(137[57.6%]),while motor(66[27.7%])and global aphasia(60[25.2%])were the most common types of aphasia.After 21 days of intervention,the ABC scores of all patients were improved.The acupuncture group had the highest ABC scores,but only repetition,naming,and spontaneous speech were statistically improved(P<0.01).Post-hoc tests revealed significant improvement in word retrieval in the acupuncture and t DCS groups(P<0.01,P=0.037),while the acupuncture group had additional significant improvement in spontaneous conversation(P<0.01).Conclusion:Combining acupuncture and t DCS as an adjuvant therapy for subacute PSA led to significant spontaneous speech and word retrieval improvements.Future prospective,multi-ethnic,multi-center trials are warranted. | Samwel Sylvester Msigwa Yan Li Xiang-lin Cheng Fen Cao | 2022 | Journal of Integrative Medicine2022，20，3： | 2 |
| 3 | The use of multivariate modelling of near infra-red spectra to predict the butter fat content of spreads显示文摘 | Heussen PCM Janssen HG Samwel IBM | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 4 | Applications of Graph Theory to Gross Error Detection for GPS Geodetic Control Networks显示文摘This paper describes a broad perspective of the application of graph theory to establishment of GPS control networks whereby the GPS network is considered as a connected and directed graph with three components.In this algorithm the gross error detection is undertaken through loops of different spanning trees using the 'Loop Law' in which the individual components Δ X, Δ Y and Δ Z sum up to zero.If the sum of the respective vector components ∑X,∑Y and ∑Z in a loop is not zero and if the error is beyond the tolerable limit (ε>w),it indicates the existence of gross errors in one of the baselines in the loop and therefore the baseline must be removed or re_observed.After successful screening of errors by graph theory,network adjustment can be carried out.In this paper,the GPS data from the control network established as reference system for the HP Dam at Baishan county in Liaoning province is presented to illustrate the algorithm. | Samwel Simon Katambi | 2002 | Geo-Spatial Information Science2002，5，4： | 1 |
| 5 | The use o{ multivari- ate modelling of near infra red spectra to predict the butter fat content of spreads 显示文摘 | Heussen P lanssen H G Samwel I | 2007 | Analytica Chimiea Acta2007，595，17： | 1 |
| 6 | The use of multivariate modelling of near infra-red spectra to predict the butter fat content of spreads显示文摘 | HEUSSEN P C M JANSSEN H G SAMWEL I B M | 2007 | Analytica Chimica Acta2007，595，12： | 1 |
| 7 | Sensitivity Analysis for Building Thermal Loads显示文摘 | Samwel B.Thomto Satish S.Nair | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 8 | Culture of Helicobacter pylori from a gastric string may be an alternative to endoscopic biopsy显示文摘 | SAMWELS AL WINDSOR HM HO GY | 2000 | J Chin microbial2000，38，6： | 1 |
| 9 | Distribution and ecology of lesser pouched rat,Beamys hindei,in Tanzanian coastal forests显示文摘The lesser pouched rat,Beamys hindei,is a small rodent that is patchily distributed in the Eastern Arc Mountains and coastal forests in East Africa.The ecology of this species and its current distribution in coastal forests is not well known.Therefore,we conducted a study in selected coastal forests to assess the current distribution of the species and to investigate the population ecology in terms of abundance fluctuations and demographic patterns.Assessments of the species distribution were conducted in 5 forests through trapping with Sherman live traps.Data on ecology were obtained from monthly capture–mark–recapture studies conducted for 5 consecutive nights per month in two 1 ha grids set in Zaraninge Forest over a 2-year period.The results indicate the presence of B.hindei in 3 forests where it was not previously recorded.The population abundance estimates ranged from 1 to 40 animals per month,with high numbers recorded during rainy seasons.Reproduction patterns and sex ratios did not differ between months.Survival estimates were not influenced by season,and recruitment was low,with growth rate estimates of 1 animal per month.These estimates suggest a stable population of B.hindei in Zaraninge Forest.Further studies are recommended to establish the home range,diet and burrowing behavior of the species in coastal forests in East Africa. | Christopher A.SABUNI Vincent SLUYDTS Loth S.MULUNGU Samwel L.S.MAGANGA Rhodes H.MAKUNDI Herwig LEIRS | 2015 | Integrative Zoology2015，10，6： | 1 |
| 10 | Inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase improves carbohydrate utilization in Nile tilapia by regulating PDK2/4-PDHE1αaxis and insulin sensitivity显示文摘Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases(PDKs)-pyruvate dehydrogenase E1αsubunit(PDHE1α)axis plays an important role in regulating glucose metabolism in mammals.However,the regulatory function of PDKsPDHE1α axis in the glucose metabolism of fish is not well known.This study determined whether PDKs inhibition could enhance PDHE1αactivity,and improve glucose catabolism in fish.Nile tilapia fingerlings(1.90±0.11 g)were randomly divided into 4 treatments in triplicate(30 fish each)and fed control diet without dichloroacetate(DCA)(38% protein,7% lipid and 45% corn starch)and the control diet supplemented with DCA,which inhibits PDKs through binding the allosteric sites,at 3.75(DCA3.75),7.50(DCA7.50)and 11.25 g/kg(DCA11.25),for 6 wk.The results showed that DCA3.75,DCA7.50 and DCA11.25significantly increased weight gain,carcass ratio and protein efficiency ratio(P<0.05)and reduced feed efficiency(P<0.05)of Nile tilapia.To investigate the effects of DCA on growth performance of Nile tilapia,we selected the lowest dose DCA3.75 for subsequent analysis.Nile tilapia fed on DCA3.75significantly reduced the mesenteric fat index,serum and liver triglyceride concentration and total lipid content in whole fish,and down-regulated the expressions of genes related to lipogenesis(P<0.05)compared to the control.The DCA3.75 treatment significantly improved glucose oxidative catabolism and glycogen synthesis in the liver,but significantly reduced the conversion of glucose to lipid(P<0.05).Furthermore,the DCA3.75 treatment significantly decreased the PDK2/4 gene and protein expressions(P<0.05),accordingly stimulated PDHE1αactivity by decreasing the phosphorylated PDHE1αprotein level.In addition,DCA3.75 treatment significantly increased the phosphorylated levels of key proteins involved in insulin signaling pathway and glycogen synthase kinase 3β(P<0.05).Taken together,the present study demonstrates that PDK2/4 inhibition by using DCA promotes glucose utilization in Nile tilapia by activating PDHE1αand improving insulin sensitivity.Our study helps to understand the regulatory mechanism of glucose metabolism for improving dietary carbohydrate utilization in farmed fish. | Yuan Luo Wenhao Zhou Ruixin Li Samwel MLimbu Fang Qiao Liqiao Chen Meiling Zhang Zhen-Yu Du | 2022 | Animal Nutrition2022，，4： | 0 |
| 11 | 基于三维激光雷达的履带农业机器人室外定位方法显示文摘针对履带农业机器人室外自主导航,本文提出了一种基于三维激光雷达的定位方法。首先,采用lidar_IMU紧耦合里程计与图优化算法建立导航区域特征点的先验地图。其次,为确保机器人能够在先验地图上的任意位置进行定位,将卫星定位信号作为索引信息导入点云地图。最后,采用轻量级激光里程计算法与先验地图进行匹配,计算机器人位于先验地图的姿态信息。同时,为了减少计算量将非线性优化区域限定在栅格化的小地图中。借助机器人携带的GNSS对系统进行了测试,当机器人运动速度1.0 m/s时,最大定位误差小于0.26 m,平均定位误差小于0.125 m,实验过程中没有出现定位失败的情况,可以满足履带农业机器人室外导航的定位需求。 | 王凯 周俊 Opiyo Samwel 张保华 张文海 | 2020 | 智能化农业装备学报(中英文)2020，1，2： | 0 |
| 12 | Hybrids production as a potential method to control prolific breeding in tilapia and adaptation to aquaculture climate-induced drought显示文摘Establishing suitable salt tolerant all-male tilapia strains with fast growth rate is a crucial requirement for successful euryhaline farming required for controlling prolific breeding and as an adaptation to the effect of climateinduced drought.This study assessed the percentage of tilapia male hybrids,their growth performance and survival rate produced by crossing female Nile tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus)and male Rufiji tilapia(Oreochromis urolepis urolepis)at different salinities.The fingerlings were reared for 70 days in triplicate concrete tanks(1 m3),each stocked with 15 fish weighing 1.62±0.03 g,1.69±0.02 g and 1.41±0.06 g exposed to 2,15 and 35 ppt salinities,respectively.Acclimatization was done by adding seawater to freshwater at a rate of 2 ppt per day for 18 days.Fish sexing was done by visual assessment of the genital papilla followed by rearing the hybrids for six months to observe reproduction.Results showed that,the cross between O.niloticus(female)and O.urolepis urolepis(male)produced hybrids that were all-males without any reproduction within six months post hybridization.The hybrids reared at a salinity of 2 ppt had higher growth performance than those reared at 15 and 35 ppt.Similarly,hybrids cultured at 15 ppt had significantly higher growth performance than those reared at 35 ppt.All the hybrids produced had survival rates of 100%.This study indicated that,all-male tilapia produced by crossing between O.niloticus(female)and O.urolepis(male)can be used by fish farmers as alternative species for mariculture development to control prolific breeding and as an adaptation strategy to climate change. | Kulwa Mtaki Samwel Mchele Limbu Aviti John Mmochi Matern S.P.Mtolera | 2022 | Aquaculture and Fisheries2022，7，6： | 0 |
| 13 | Macroeconomic Instabilities and Cost-Recovery Potentials of Public Sector Organisations显示文摘The 2008 financial crisis raised concerns over the performance of public sector organisations operating under different cost recovery regimes.These concerns were linked to potential failure in attaining cost recovery targets as a result of declining revenues during economic downturn.This study utilised the Linear Mixed Effect(LME)models to analyse the data from the World Bank Indicator website and from six national Land Administration Organisations(LAOs),two of which being under“No cost recovery”(NCR)and the remaining being in“Full Cost Recovery”(FCR).Cost recovery indicators were computed from financial statement of national LAOs of these countries.The findings establish that a global financial crisis that is associated with declining GDP and a higher inflation rate can insignificantly reduce the level of cost recovery for LAOs while persistent decline in GDP growth rate significantly eliminates potentials for cost recovery.However prospects for recovery can be traced within the cost-revenue microstructures of LAOs themselves.With a significantly negative relationship between spending in information and technology as a ratio of GDP to the degree of cost recovery,LAOs need only to eliminate rigidities in their cost-revenue structure which tie them to macro-instabilities of the real estate market.Such flexibility can be attained through elastic cross-substitution in the LAO’s gross cost-revenues schedules for registration tasks in favour of information delivery tasks. | Samwel Alananga Sanga | 2021 | Journal of Economic Science Research2021，4，2： | 0 |
| 14 | Hypoxia tolerance in fish depends on catabolic preference between lipids and carbohydrates显示文摘Hypoxia is a common environmental stress factor in aquatic organisms,which varies among fish species.However,the mechanisms underlying the ability of fish species to tolerate hypoxia are not well known.Here,we showed that hypoxia response in different fish species was affected by lipid catabolism and preference for lipid or carbohydrate energy sources.Activation of biochemical lipid catabolism through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha(Pparα)or increasing mitochondrial fat oxidation in tilapia decreased tolerance to acute hypoxia by increasing oxygen consumption and oxidative damage and reducing carbohydrate catabolism as an energy source.Conversely,lipid catabolism inhibition by suppressing entry of lipids into mitochondria in tilapia or individually knocking out three key genes of lipid catabolism in zebrafish increased tolerance to acute hypoxia by decreasing oxygen consumption and oxidative damage and promoting carbohydrate catabolism.However,anaerobic glycolysis suppression eliminated lipid catabolism inhibition-promoted hypoxia tolerance in adipose triglyceride lipase(atgl)mutant zebrafish.Using 14 fish species with different trophic levels and taxonomic status,the fish preferentially using lipids for energy were more intolerant to acute hypoxia than those preferentially using carbohydrates.Our study shows that hypoxia tolerance in fish depends on catabolic preference for lipids or carbohydrates,which can be modified by regulating lipid catabolism. | Qiang Ma Yuan Luo Jia Zhong Samwel Mchele Limbu Ling-Yu Li Li-Qiao Chen Fang Qiao Mei-Ling Zhang Qiang Lin Zhen-Yu Du | 2023 | Zoological Research2023，44，5： | 0 |
| 15 | Urban growth dynamics and expansion forms in 11 Tanzanian cities from 1990 to 2020显示文摘With rapid urban expansion across Tanzania,there is a need to institute steps to address factors and forms as well as impacts and challenges associated with the observed trend.This study’s aim is to use spatial urban landscape indices to analyze the spatial changes in urban forms,patterns,and rates across 11 urban centers in Tanzania over a 30-year study period(1990–2020).During the past three decades,urban lands of 11 cities and town in Tanzania have grown by a total of 480 km2.Leapfrog growth was found as the most dominant form of urban expansion in Tanzania while Dodoma,the capital city of Tanzania,had the highest rate of urban expansion when compared to all other individual cities.The most robust and significant interaction of the AWMLEI and MLEI was found in Kigoma,Arusha,Mtwara,Mafinga,and Tunduma cities.In contrast,Mbeya agricultural city,Arusha the tourist city,Tabora,and Geita Lake zone areas did show their own peculiarities revealing an interesting spatial temporal variation in rate and form of expansion.The outcome of this study reveals that the influence and management of economic and socio-cultural opportunities will be an effective tool for the determination of the rapidly expanding cities and towns of Tanzania. | Neema Simon Sumari Fanan Ujoh Calvin Samwel Swai Muchen Zheng | 2023 | International Journal of Digital Earth2023，16，1： | 0 |
| 16 | Urban Public Toilets Management in Tanzania:Understanding Cost-effective Approaches显示文摘Cost recovery and user satisfaction are among the core objectives of any public or quas-public good provision.Public toilet service provision has been the domain of local government until when liberalisation policies struck the developing south.With stringent condition to reduce the fiscal burden,local government authorities have sought to offload some of its core functions including the management of public toilets to contracted firms.Based on regression and comparative quadrant analysis,this study evaluates cost recovery and user satisfaction in relation to public toilet condition based on a total of 729 user responses and 31 public toilet operators.The observations point to misguided decision to place public toilet management under contracted firms instead of placing then under Public Private Partnership(PPP).The decision to place public toilets management under private contract or individual contract is only secondary to PPP if the focus is to achieve both cost recovery and user satisfaction.However,if the focus was to achieve only cost recovery regardless of the need to protect users,then the decision would have been well founded but can be conspired inappropriate in as long as public toilets remain the domain of public good. | ArbogastiIsidori Kanuti Rehema Monko Samwel Alananga | 2019 | Macro Management & Public Policies2019，1，2： | 0 |
| 17 | High cholesterol intake remodels cholesterol turnover and energy homeostasis in Nile tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus)显示文摘The roles of dietary cholesterol in fish physiology are currently contradictory.The issue reflects the limited studies on the metabolic consequences of cholesterol intake in fish.The present study investigated the metabolic responses to high cholesterol intake in Nile tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus),which were fed with four cholesterol-contained diets(0.8,1.6,2.4 and 3.2%)and a control diet for eight weeks.All fish-fed cholesterol diets showed increased body weight,but accumulated cholesterol(the peak level was in the 1.6%cholesterol group).Then,we selected 1.6%cholesterol and control diets for further analysis.The high cholesterol diet impaired liver function and reduced mitochondria number in fish.Furthermore,high cholesterol intake triggered protective adaptation via(1)inhibiting endogenous cholesterol synthesis,(2)elevating the expression of genes related to cholesterol esterification and efflux,and(3)promoting chenodeoxycholic acid synthesis and efflux.Accordingly,high cholesterol intake reshaped the fish gut microbiome by increasing the abundance of Lactobacillus spp.and Mycobacterium spp.,both of which are involved in cholesterol and/or bile acids catabolism.Moreover,high cholesterol intake inhibited lipid catabolic activities through mitochondrialβ-oxidation,and lysosome-mediated lipophagy,and depressed insulin signaling sensitivity.Protein catabolism was elevated as a compulsory response to maintain energy homeostasis.Therefore,although high cholesterol intake promoted growth,it led to metabolic disorders in fish.For the first time,this study provides evidence for the systemic metabolic response to high cholesterol intake in fish.This knowledge contributes to an understanding of the metabolic syndromes caused by high cholesterol intake or deposition in fish. | Rui-Xin Li Ling-Yun Chen Samwel M.Limbu Yu-Cheng Qian Wen-Hao Zhou Li-Qiao Chen Yuan Luo Fang Qiao Mei-Ling Zhang Zhen-Yu Du | 2023 | Marine Life Science & Technology2023，5，1： | 0 |
| 18 | Lipophagy is essential for lipid metabolism in fish显示文摘Lipophagy is a form of autophagy in mammals.In this cellular process,lipid droplets(LDs)are degraded through the lysosomal degradative pathway[1].During lipophagy,LDs sequestrated in autophagosomes are delivered to lysosomes,which fuse to form autophagosomes and then develop into autophagolysosomes,leading to LDs degradation of[1].A number of studies have demonstrated that lipophagy play important roles in lipid | Jing wang Si-Lan Han Ling-Yu Li Dong-Liang Lu Samwel Mchele Limbu Dong-Liang Li Mei-Ling Zhang Zhen-Yu Du | 2018 | Science Bulletin2018，63，14： | 0 |
| 19 | The effects of on-farm produced feeds on growth, survival, yield and feed cost of juvenile African sharptooth catfish (Clarias gariepinus)显示文摘The culture of African sharptooth catfish(Clarias gariepinus)in most developing countries lacks suitable diets for semi-intensive production.The present study evaluated the growth performance,survival,nutrient utilization,hepatosomatic index(HSI),body composition,yield and feeding cost of African catfish fed on semi-intensive feeds 1(SMF1)and semi-intensive feed 2(SMF2)produced on-farm and an industrially manufactured(IM)feed as a control.Two hundred fish(14.95±0.24 g)were stocked in triplicate earthen ponds and fed the three diets at 5%of the body weight for eight weeks.The final weight,specific growth rate and yield of fish fed the SMF2 diet was significantly lower than SMF1 and IM diets.However,no significant differences were revelead in final weight,specific growth rate and yield between fish fed SMF1 and IM diets.The survival rate,feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio of fish did not differ among the diets.Apparent net protein utilization was significantly higher on fish fed the SMF2 and SMF1 diets than IM diet.The HSI of fish fed the IM diet was significantly higher and the livers were yellow-coloured compared to smaller and brownish/reddish livers of fish fed the SMF1 and SMF2 diets.The fish fed the IM diet had statistically lower ash content than SMF1 diet.The incidence cost of fish fed the IM diet was 35%higher,while its profit index was 31%lower than fish fed the SMF1 and SMF2 diets.Taken together,African catfish farmers can reduce feed cost up to 30%by using on-farm produced feeds when formulated properly and blended without affecting fish growth performance,survival and yield while obtaining better protein retention and healthier fish. | Samwel Mchele Limbu | 2020 | Aquaculture and Fisheries2020，5，1： | 0 |
| 20 | New Concept to Non-Invasively Screen Iron Deficiency in Patients显示文摘Nearly two billion people are afflicted with iron deficiency and approximately 300 million children globally have anemia.Most of those affected are unaware of their lack of iron,in part because detection of iron deficiency requires a blood test.It is becoming increasingly important to screen these individuals to reduce medical cost and avoid chronic disease conditions.There are limited settings of laboratory infrastructure for standard blood-based tests around the world to routinely accomplish this important screening test.We propose a new concept to use either human hair or nail as a screening method to detect steady state iron content in patients utilizing a sensitive portable magnetometer.The optimum hair/nail sample weight should be determined for acceptable detection resolution(i.e.,acceptable correlation with the results of blood test).The advantages of a portable device are as follows:non-invasive approach,point of care(on the spot)response with patient hair/nail sample to make screening much faster,and make screening for iron deficiency more available and affordable for patients around the world by eliminating current shortcomings of blood-based iron screening.The potential outcome of this concept is of great value to iron deficient patients.An easy,and cost-effective screening system will reduce morbidity,chronic diseases and medical cost substantially throughout the world. | Ali E.Dabiri Erik Samwel Ghassan SKassab | 2020 | Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics2020，17，2： | 0 |
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