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1The Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology(CSCO):Clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer,2021显示文摘There exist differences in the epidemiological characteristics,clinicopathological features,tumor biological characteristics,treatment patterns,and drug selections between gastric cancer patients from the Eastern and Western countries.The Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology(CSCO)has organized a panel of senior experts specializing in all sub-specialties of gastric cancer to compile a clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer since 2016 and renews it annually.Taking into account regional differences,giving full consideration to the accessibility of diagnosis and treatment resources,these experts have conducted expert consensus judgment on relevant evidence and made various grades of recommendations for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer to reflect the value of cancer treatment and meeting health economic indexes in China.The 2021 CSCO Clinical Practice Guidelines for Gastric Cancer covers the diagnosis,treatment,follow-up,and screening of gastric cancer.Based on the 2020 version of the CSCO Chinese Gastric Cancer guidelines,this updated guideline integrates the results ofmajor clinical studies from China and overseas for the past year,focused on the inclusion of research data from the Chinese population for more personalized and clinically relevant recommendations.For the comprehensive treatment of non-metastatic gastric cancer,attentions were paid to neoadjuvant treatment.The value of perioperative chemotherapy is gradually becoming clearer and its recommendation level has been updated.For the comprehensive treatment of metastatic gastric cancer,recommendations for immunotherapy were included,and immune checkpoint inhibitors fromthird-line to the first-line of treatment for different patient groups with detailed notes are provided.Feng-Hua Wang Xiao-Tian Zhang Yuan-Fang Li Lei Tang Xiu-Juan Qu Jie-Er Ying Jun Zhang Ling-Yu Sun Rong-Bo Lin Hong Qiu Chang Wang Miao-Zhen Qiu Mu-Yan Cai QiWu Hao Liu Wen-Long Guan Ai-Ping Zhou Yu-Jing Zhang Tian-Shu Liu Feng Bi Xiang-Lin Yuan Sheng-Xiang Rao Yan Xin Wei-Qi Sheng Hui-Mian Xu Guo-Xin Li Jia-Fu Ji Zhi-Wei Zhou Han Liang Yan-Qiao Zhang Jing Jin Lin Shen Jin Li Rui-Hua Xu 2021Cancer Communications2021,41,8:97
2Composition, source, mass closure of PM_(2.5) aerosols for four forests in eastern China显示文摘PM2.5 aerosols were collected in forests along north latitude in boreal-temperate, temperate, subtropical and tropical climatic zones in eastern China, i.e., Changbai Mountain Nature Reserve (CB), Dongping National Forest Park in Chongming Island (CM), Dinghu Mountain Nature Reserve (DH), Jianfengling Nature Reserve in Hainan Island (HN). The mass concentrations of PM2.5, organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), water soluble organic carbon (WSOC) as well as concentrations of ten inorganic ions (F-, Cl-, NO3-, SO42-, C2O42-, NH4+, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+) were determined. Aerosol chemical mass closures were achieved. The 24-hr average concentrations of PM2.5 were 38.8, 89.2, 30.4, 18 μg/m3 at CB, CM, DH and HN, respectively. Organic matter and EC accounted for 21%-33% and 1.3%-2.3% of PM2.5 mass, respectively. The sum of three dominant secondary ions (SO42-, NO3-, NH4+) accounted for 44%, 50%, 45% and 16% of local PM2.5 mass at CB, CM, DH and HN, respectively. WSOC comprised 35%-65% of OC. The sources of PM2.5 include especially important regional anthropogenic pollutions at Chinese forest areas.Li Li Wu Wang Jialiang Feng Dongping Zhang Huaijian Li Zeping Gu Bangjin Wang Guoying Sheng Jiamo Fu 2010Journal of Environmental Sciences2010,22,3:45
3Chronic hepatitis B serum promotes apoptotic damage in human renal tubular cells显示文摘瞄准:在肾的管状的上皮细胞在试管内的 apoptosis 上与长期的肝炎 B ( CHB )调查病人的浆液的效果并且在肝炎 B 的致病学习肝炎 B ( HBV )和转变生长因素贝它( 1 )(TGF贝它( 1 ))的角色病毒联系了肾小球性肾炎( HBV-GN )。方法:浆液 TGF 贝它(1 ) 的层次被特定的酶测量连接免疫吸着剂试金(ELISA ) 和 HBV DNA 被聚合酶链反应(PCR ) 作为控制与 CHB,和 20 个健康的人在 44 个病人测试。正常的人的肾近似管状的房间(HK-2 ) 和重量的单位是有教养的一 of 健康的人,有 HBV-DNA negative (20 个案例) 的 CHB 病人和 HBV-DNA 积极(24 个案例) 为多达 72 h。Apoptosis 和 HK-2 的船边交货表示被流动血细胞计数器检测。结果:HK-2 房间的 apoptosis 率和船边交货表达式在 HBV DNA 积极浆液组 19.01%+/-5.85% 和 17.58%+/-8.35% 是显著地更高的, HBV DNA 否定浆液在控制组 4.25%+/-0.65% 和 2.33%+/-1.09% 比那些组织 8.12%+/-2.80% 和 6.96%+/-2.76% ,分别地(P<0.01 ) 。在 HBV DNA 积极浆液组的 HK-2 的 apoptosis 率和船边交货表示比在 HBV DNA 否定浆液(P<0.01 ) 的那些显著地高。在 HBV DNA 积极浆液组的 HK-2 房间的 Apoptosis 率断然与 HBV-DNA 的水平被相关(r = 0.657 ) 。在 CHB 组的浆液 TGF 贝它(1 ) 的水平是 163.05+/-91.35 microg/L,象与在控制组(P<0.01 ) 的 81.40+/-40.75 microg/L 相比显著地更高。结论:有长期的肝炎 B 的病人的浆液由触发船边交货起来规定的一条小径在人的肾的管状的房间支持 apoptotic 损坏。HBV 和 TGF 贝它(1 ) 可以在肝炎 B 的机制起重要作用联系肾小球性肾炎。Cun-Liang Deng Xin-Wen song Hai-Jun Liang Chen Feng Yun-Jian Sheng Ming-Yong Wang 2006World Journal of Gastroenterology2006,12,11:25
4Experimental long-distance quantum secure direct communication显示文摘Quantum secure direct communication(QSDC) is an important quantum communication branch, which realizes the secure information transmission directly without encryption and decryption processes.Recently, two table-top experiments have demonstrated the principle of QSDC. Here, we report the first long-distance QSDC experiment, including the security test, information encoding, fiber transmission and decoding. After the fiber transmission of 0.5 km, quantum state fidelities of the two polarization entangled Bell states are 91% and 88%, respectively, which are used for information coding. We theoretically analyze the performance of the QSDC system based on current optical communication technologies,showing that QSDC over fiber links of several tens kilometers could be expected. It demonstrates the potential of long-distance QSDC and supports its future applications on quantum communication networks.Feng Zhu Wei Zhang Yubo Sheng Yidong Huang 2017Science Bulletin2017,62,22:25
5Expert consensus on the use of human serum albumin in critically ill patients显示文摘Introduction Human serum albumin(HSA)is a non-glycosylated,negatively charged,single-chain polypeptide composed of 585 amino acid residues with a relative molecular mass of 66.438 kD.It is synthesized by the liver at a rate of approximately 200 mg·kg^(-1)·day^(-1),with a half-life of 21 days,and subjected to catabolism in the muscles,liver,and kidneys at a rate of 4%per day.[1]Albumin,accounting for 60%of the total plasma protein,has various physiological functions,[2]such as maintaining 70%to 80%of effective plasma colloid osmotic pressure,coordinating vascular endothelial integrity,anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities,maintaining the acidbase balance,and participating in the transport,distribution,and metabolism of a variety of endogenous and exogenous substances.Yue-Tian Yu Jiao Liu Bo Hu Rui-Lan Wang Xiang-Hong Yang Xiu-Ling Shang Gang Wang Chang-Song Wang Bai-Ling Li Ye Gong Sheng Zhang Xin Li Lu Wang Min Shao Mei Meng Feng Zhu You Shang Qiang-Hong Xu Zhi-Xiong Wu De-Chang Chen 2021Chinese Medical Journal2021,,14:22
6Rotor Strength Analysis of High-speed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors显示文摘为了对转子进行有效的冷却,在满足电机电磁性能的前提下,可通过减小保护套的厚度来尽可能增大定转子之间的气隙,因而必须对保护套和永磁体进行强度校核。将转子受力状况简化为平面应变问题,在此基础上推导出了两层过盈配合、三层过盈配合转子的应力场、应变场、位移场的解析公式,并利用有限元方法验证了解析公式的正确性。归纳了高速情况下热套式永磁转子强度设计准则,为转子的优化设计提供了理论依据。以一台额定转速120kr/min、10kW的高速永磁同步电机为例,给出了两种常用过盈配合高速电机转子的强度设计方法。CHENG Wenjie GENG Haipeng FENG Sheng YU Lie SUN Yanhua YANG Lihua 2012中国电机工程学报2012,32,27:21
7Identification,localization and morphology of APUD cells in gastroenteropancreatic system of stomach-containing teleosts显示文摘AIM To identify the type localization andmorphology of APUD endocrine cells in thegastroenteropancreatic(GEP)system ofstomach-containing teleosts,and study APUDendocrine system in the stomach,intestine andpancreas of fish species.METHODS Two kinds of immunocytochemical(ICC)techniques of the streptavidin biotin-peroxidase complex(SABC)and streptavidin-peroxidase(S-P)method were used.Theidentification,localization and morphology ofAPUD endocrine cells scattered in the mucosa ofdigestive tract,intermuscular nerve plexus andglandular body of northern snakehead(Channaargus),ricefield eel(Monopterus albus),yellow catfish(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco),mandarinfish(Siniperca chuatsi),largemouthbass(Micropterus salmoides),orientalsheatfish(Silurus asotus),freshwater pomfret(Colossoma brachypomum)and nile tilapia(Tilapia nilotica)were investigated with 8 kindsof antisera.RESULTS The positive reaction of 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)immunoreactiveendocrine(IRE)cells was found in the digestive tract and glandular body of 8 fish species indifferent degree.Only a few gastrin(GAS)-IREcells were seen in C.argus,M.albus and P.fulvidraco.Glucagon(GLU)-IRE cells were notfound in the digestive tract and glandular bodybut existed in pancreatic island of most fishspecies.The positive reaction of growthhormone(GH)-IRE cells was found only inpancreatic island of S.Chuatsi and S.Asotus,no positive reaction in the other 6 fish species.Somatostatin(SOM)-,calcitonin(CAL)-,neurofilament(NF)-and insulin(INS)-IRE cellsin the stomach,intestine and pancreas of 8 kindsof fish were different in distribution and types.The distribution of all 8 APUD cells was the mostin gastrointestinal epithelium mucosa and then indigestive glands.The positive reaction of SOM-and 5-HT-IRE cells was found in intermuscularnerve plexus of intestine of P.fulvidraco andS.chuatsi.Only GH-IRE cells were denselyscattered in the pancreatic islands of S.chuatsiand S.asotus,and odd distribution in thepancreas of S.asotus,SOM-IRE cells weredistributed in the pancreatic islands of S.asotus,C.Brachypomum and T.nilotica.There were INS-IRE cells in the pancreaticislands of S.chuatsi and S.asolus.Eightkinds of APUD cells had longer cell body andcytoplasmic process when they were located inthe gastrointestinal epithelium,and had shortercell body and cytoplasmic process in the gastricgland,and irregular shape in the esophagus andpancreatic island.CONCLUSION Eight kinds of IRE cells were identified in the GEP system of stomach-containing teleosts. These endocrine cells were scattered in gastrointestinal mucosa, intermuscular nerve plexus, gland body, pancreatic gland and islands under APUD system. CAL- and GH-IRE cells in the pancreatic islands of fishes showed functional diversity for these two hormones. Their morphological feature provides evidence of endocrine-paracrine and endocrine-exocrine acting mode. This research can morphologically prove that the GEP endocrine system of fish ( the lowest vertebrate) is almost the same as of mammal and human.Qian Sheng Pan Zhi Ping Fang Feng Jie Huang 2000World Journal of Gastroenterology2000,6,6:20
8Polychlorinated biphenyls in the atmosphere of Taizhou,a major e-waste dismantling area in China显示文摘PM2.5,total suspended particles(TSP) and gas phase samples were collected at two sites of Taizhou,a major e-waste dismantling area in China.Concentrations,seasonal variations,congener profiles,gas-particle partitioning and size distribution of the atmospheric polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs) were studied to assess the current state of atmospheric PCBs after the phase out of massive historical dismantling of PCBs containing e-wastes.The average 38PCBs concentration in the ambient air(TSP plus gas phase) near the e-waste dismantling area was(12,407 ± 9592) pg/m3 in winter,which was substantially lower than that found one decade ago.However,the atmospheric PCBs level near the e-waste dismantling area was 54 times of the reference urban site,indicating that the impact of the historical dismantling of PCBs containing e-wastes was still significant.Tri-Penta-CBs were dominant homologues,consisting with their dominant global production.Size distribution of particle-bound PCBs showed that higher chlorinated CBs tended to partition more to the fine particles,facilitating its long range air transportation.Wenliang Han Jialiang Feng Zeping Gu Minghong Wu Guoying Sheng Jiamo Fu 2010Journal of Environmental Sciences2010,22,4:18
9FERONIA Receptor Kinase Controls Seed Size in Arabidopsis thaliana显示文摘Dear Editor, Plants have evolved elaborate mechanisms by which cell elongation regulation is coupled to the environmental signals.The plasma membrane receptor kinase FERONIA (FER) has emerged as an important regulatory node in controlling cell elongation and hormone crosstalk (Guo et al.,2009;Deslauriers and Larsen,2010;Duan et al.,2010;Yu et al.,2012).Initially reported to inhibit pollen tube elongation during fertilization (Escobar-Restrepo et al.,2007),FER has been since found to promote cell elongation in leaves and root hairs (Guo et al.,2009;Duan et al.,2010).Feng Yu Jian Li Yuan Huang Li Liu Dongping Li Liangbi Chen Sheng Luan 2014Molecular Plant2014,7,5:16
10Intestinal Microbiota in Early Life and Its Implications on Childhood Health显示文摘Trillions of microbes reside in the human body and participate in multiple physiological and pathophysiological processes that affect host health throughout the life cycle. The microbiome is hallmarked by distinctive compositional and functional features across different life periods.Accumulating evidence has shown that microbes residing in the human body may play fundamental roles in infant development and the maturation of the immune system. Gut microbes are thought to be essential for the facilitation of infantile and childhood development and immunity by assisting in breaking down food substances to liberate nutrients, protecting against pathogens, stimulating or modulating the immune system, and exerting control over the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis.This review aims to summarize the current understanding of the colonization and development of the gut microbiota in early life, highlighting the recent findings regarding the role of intestinal microbes in pediatric diseases. Furthermore, we also discuss the microbiota-mediated therapeutics that can reconfigure bacterial communities to treat dysbiosis.Lu Zhuang Haihua Chen Sheng Zhang Jiahui Zhuang Qiuping Li Zhichun Feng 2019Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics2019,17,1:16
11A new dihydrobenzofuran lignanoside from Selaginella moellendorffii Hieron显示文摘新 lignanoside,(7R,8S )-7,8-dihydro-7-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1 ′ -formyl-3 ′ -methoxyl-8-hydroxymethylbenzofuran-4-O- β -d-glucopyranoside (moellenoside A ) ,从 Selaginella moellendorffii 神庙被孤立。它的结构被分光镜的证据决定。Xiao Ke Zheng Ke Ke Li Yan Zhi Wang Wei Sheng Feng 2008Chinese Chemical Letters2008,19,1:16
12High-sum-rate beamformers for multi-pair two-way relay networks with amplify-and-forward relaying strategy显示文摘In multi-pair two-way relay networks,the control over inter-pair-interference is a challenging problem.When mobile stations(MSs)cooperate fully,to achieve the sum capacity of networks and at the same time completely remove the inter-pair-interference,a singular value decomposition(SVD)based beamforming scheme at relay station(RS)is established where SVD beamformers are applied over both uplink and downlink channels,respectively.To avoid any cooperation among users,an efcient beamforming scheme is proposed.This scheme uses the Max-SINR based receive beamformer at RS in uplink channel and the Max-SLNR based transmit precoder at RS in downlink channel.It omits interference(uplink)and leakage(donwlink)inside each pair of users due to their abilities of self-interference cancellation.This beamforming scheme provides an analytical solution like some well-known linear beamformers such as zero-forcing,block diagonalization,etc.From simulation,we find:the proposed SVD shows an excellent sum-rate performance at the expense of a large cooperation overhead at MSs and can be used as a tighter upper bound of sum-rate;the proposed scheme of Max-SINR beamformer plus Max-SLNR precoder performs much better on sum-rate than the ZF-based and the BD-based schemes by using almost the same computational amount.SHU Feng LU YaZhe CHEN Yu YOU XiaoHu WANG JianXin WANG Mao SHENG WeiXing CHEN Qian 2014Science China(Information Sciences)2014,57,2:15
13A new sesquilignan from Selaginella sinensis (Desv.) Spring显示文摘新 sesquilignan,也就是 sinensiol A,从 Selaginella sinensis (Desv ) 的植物被孤立春天。它的结构根据各种各样的分光镜的数据分析被识别。Yan Zhi Wang Hui Chen Xiao Ke Zheng Wei Sheng Feng 2007Chinese Chemical Letters2007,18,10:15
14Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Clinical Specimens by Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry显示文摘Objective To develop a matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) approach to identify Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and differentiate methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) from methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA). Methods A total of 100 S. aureus strains isolated from clinical specimens and farm workers were collected and analyzed by MALDI-TOF-MS. And data obtained were interpreted with biotyper software. Results Ninety-two strains were identified by MALDI-TOF-MS as S. aureus at a level of secure genus and probable species, and 4 strains were identified at probable genus after their cultivation, spectral collection and data preprocessing. One strain was identified as S. aureus with lower score. It was revealed that identification of S. aureus by MALDI-TOF-MS was highly correlated with typing by biochemical and serological methods with an accuracy as high as 97%. The biotyper cluster analysis showed that 100 isolates were divided into 2 types at the distance level of 400. Higher peak intensity in the mass of both 3784 Da and 5700 Da was observed in MRSA, whereas that was absent from MSSA. Conclusion MALDI-TOF-MS is considered as a simple, rapid and highly reproducible technique with high-throughput and accuracy for the identification of S. aureus and it can reliably differentiate MRSA from MSSA.WANG Ye Ru CHEN Qian CUI Sheng Hui LI Feng Qin 2013Biomedical and Environmental Sciences2013,26,6:14
15VdPKS1 is required for melanin formation and virulence in a cotton wilt pathogen Verticillium dahliae显示文摘Verticillium dahliae is a soil-borne phytopathogenic fungus that causes vascular wilt disease in a broad range of hosts.This pathogen survives for many years in soil in the form of melanized microsclerotia.To investigate the melanin synthesis in V.dahliae,we identified a polyketide synthase gene in V.dahliae,namely VdPKS1.PKS1 is known to involve in the dihydroxynaphthalene melanin synthesis pathway in many fungi.We found that VdPKS1 was required for melanin formation but not for microsclerotial production in V dahliae.The VdPKS1 gene-disruption mutant (vdpksl) formed melanin-deficient albino microsclerotia,which did not affect the fungal colonization in host tissues but significantly reduced the disease severity.Gene transcription analysis in the wild-type and the vdpksl strains suggested that VdPKS1 gene-disruption influenced the expression of a series of genes involved in ethylene biosynthesis,microsclerotial formation and pathogenesis.Our results suggest that the VdPKS1-mediated melanin synthesis is important for virulence and developmental traits of V.dahliae.Ting Zhang Bosen Zhang Chenlei Hua Pei Meng Sheng Wang Zhirong Chen Yejuan Du Feng Gao Jiafeng Huang 2017Science China(Life Sciences)2017,60,8:14
16Diurnal variations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons associated with PM_(2.5) in Shanghai, China显示文摘Forty-eight daily time interval PM2.5 samples were collected from December 2006 to January 2008 in an urban site in Shanghai, China. Concentrations and compositions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analyzed with GC-MS to study the diurnal and seasonal variations and to identify the main emitting sources. The diurnal variation of the PAHs concentrations was greater in the late autumn and winter sampling days, and was greatly influenced by meteorological conditions such as wind speed and ambient temperature. The concentration of PAHs in the mornings (6:30-10:00) increased distinctly, and was high in the late autumn and winter sampling days, indicating the contribution from vehicle emissions during rush hours. The diurnal variation of the high molecular weight PAHs did not seem to be controlled by the shift of gas-particle partitioning due to temperature variation, instead, it could be indicative of the variation in the source. Statistical analyses showed that the concentrations of PAHs were negatively correlated with temperature and wind speed, and positively correlated with relative humidity. Diagnostic ratios of PAHs suggested mixed emission sources of petroleum and coal/biomass combustion for PAHs in the PM2.5 in Shanghai.Zeping Gu Jialiang Feng Wenliang Han Li Li Minghong Wu Jiamo Fu Guoying Sheng 2010Journal of Environmental Sciences2010,22,3:13
17Cardioprotective mechanism of SGLT2 inhibitor against myocardial infarction is through reduction of autosis显示文摘Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2(SGLT2)inhibitors reduce cardiovascular mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus but the protective mechanism remains elusive.Here we demonstrated that the SGLT2 inhibitor,Empagliflozin(EMPA),suppresses cardiomyocytes autosis(autophagic cell death)to confer cardioprotective effects.Using myocardial infarction(Ml)mouse models with and without diabetes mellitus,EMPA treatment significantly reduced infarct size,and myocardial fibrosis,thereby leading to improved cardiac function and survival.In the context of ischemia and nutritional glucose deprivation where autosis is already highly stimulated,EMPA directly inhibits the activity of the Na^(+)/H^(+)exchanger 1(NHE1)in the cardiomyocytes to regulate excessive autophagy.Knockdown of NHE1 significantly rescued glucose deprivation-induced autosis.In contrast,overexpression of NHE1 aggravated the cardiomyocytes death in response to starvation,which was effectively rescued by EMPA treatment.Furthermore,in vitro and in vivo analysis of NHE1 and Beclin 1 knockout mice validated that EMPA s cardioprotective effects are at least in part through downregulation of autophagic flux.These findings provide new insights for drug development,specifically targeting NHE1 and autosis for ventricular remodeling and heart failure after Ml in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients.Kai Jiang Yue Xu Dandan Wang Feng Chen Zizhuo Tu Jie Qian Sheng Xu Yixiang Xu John Hwa Jian Li Hongcai Shang Yaozu Xiang 2022Protein & Cell2022,13,5:13
18Race differences: modeling the pharmacodynamics of rosuvastatin in Western and Asian hypercholesterolemia patients显示文摘Juan YANG Lu-jin LI Kun WANG Ying-chun HE Yu-cheng SHENG Ling XU Xiao-hui HUANG Feng GUO Qing-shan ZHENG 2011Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2011,32,1:12
19HBx-DNA probe preparation and its application in study of hepatocarcinogenesis显示文摘HBxDNAprobepreparationanditsapplicationinstudyofhepatocarcinogenesisGAOFengGuang,SUNWenSheng,CAOYingLin,ZHANGLiNing,SON...GAO FengGuang, SUN WenSheng, CAO YingLin, ZHANG LiNing, SONG Jing, LI HuaFen and YAN ShiKunKeywords hepatitis B virus liver neoplasms/etiology carcinoma, hepatocellular/etiology DNA probe 1998World Journal of Gastroenterology1998,4,4:12
20Riboflavin-induced Priming for Pathogen Defense in Arabidopsis thaliana显示文摘Riboflavin (vitamin B2) participates in a variety of redox processes that affect plant defense responses. Previously we have shown that riboflavin induces pathogen resistance in the absence of hypersensitive cell death (HCD) in plants. Herein, we report that ribo-avin induces priming of defense responses in Arabidopsis thaliana toward infection by virulent Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pst). Induced resistance was mechanistically connected with the expression of defense response genes and cellular defense events, including H2O2 burst, HCD, and callose deposition in the plant. Riboflavin treatment and inoculation of plants with Pst were neither active but both synergized to induce defense responses. The priming process needed NPR1 (essential regulator of systemic acquired resistance) and maintenance of H2O2 burst but was independent of salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, ethylene, and abscisic acid. Our results suggest that the role of riboflavin in priming defenses is subject to a signaling process distinct from the known pathways of hormone signal transduction.Shujian Zhang Xue Yang Maowu Sun Feng Sun Sheng Deng Hansong Dong 2009Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2009,51,2:12
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