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| 1 | Molecular mechanisms of insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus显示文摘Free fatty acids are known to play a key role in promoting loss of insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes mellitus but the underlying mechanism is still unclear.It has been postulated that an increase in the intracellular concentration of fatty acid metabolites activates a serine kinase cascade,which leads to defects in insu-lin signaling downstream to the insulin receptor.In addition,the complex network of adipokines released from adipose tissue modulates the response of tissues to insulin.Among the many molecules involved in the intracellular processing of the signal provided by insulin,the insulin receptor substrate-2,the protein kinase B and the forkhead transcription factor Foxo 1a are of particular interest,as recent data has provided strong evidence that dysfunction of these proteins results in insulin resistance in vivo.Recently,studies have revealed that phosphoinositidedependent kinase 1-independent phosphorylation of protein kinase Cε causes a reduction in insulin receptor gene expression.Additionally,it has been suggested that mitochondrial dysfunction triggers activation of several serine kinases,and weakens insulin signal transduction.Thus,in this review,the current developments in understanding the pathophysiological processes of insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes have been summarized.In addition,this study provides potential new targets for the treatment and prevention of type 2 diabetes. | Vandana Saini | 2010 | World Journal of Diabetes2010，1，3： | 23 |
| 2 | Evaluation of CMIP6 for historical temperature and precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau and its comparison with CMIP5显示文摘A model-by-model analysis for historical simulations was necessary for identifying reasonably performing models in the updated Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP6)over the Tibetan Plateau.To determine whether the capacity of the CMIP6 models in simulating temperature and precipitation over the Plateau has been enhanced,we compared the outputs of 23 CMIP6 models with an observational dataset(CN05.1)for the period 1961–2014.The results suggest the systematic model biases(cold bias and wet bias)in the Tibetan Plateau still exist in CMIP6.Most models in CMIP6 realistically simulated the surface temperature and spatial distribution of precipitation,with a pattern correlation exceeding 0.75.The bias in the mean surface temperature of the multi-model ensemble(MME)simulation was 1.08℃ lower than the observational data,which had been decreased compared with the cold bias of CMIP5(1.52℃).At the seasonal scale,most models exhibited a warm temperature bias in summer and a cold bias in winter.The CMIP6 MME displayed a higher reproducibility of the precipitation amplitude over dry regions compared with CMIP5 and a lower ability over wet regions. | ZHU Yu-Yao YANG Saini | 2020 | Advances in Climate Change Research2020，11，3： | 23 |
| 3 | Metformin as an anti-cancer agent: actions and mechanisms targeting cancer stem cells显示文摘Metformin,为类型 II 糖尿病的第一线药,开始由于发现癌症减少的流行病的报告作为一个有希望的反癌症代理人进入了聚光灯在拿 metformin 的糖尿病的病人的风险和改进临床的结果。揭开 metformin 的反癌症机制,现出症状之前的潜的研究决定 metformin 损害细胞的新陈代谢并且压制表明小径,包括的受体酷氨酸 kinase, PI3K/Akt,和 mTOR 的 oncogenic 小径。最近, metformin 的反癌症潜力在癌症干细胞(CSC ) 上由于它的禁止的效果获得了增加的兴趣,它与肿瘤转移,药抵抗,和恶化被联系。用包括胸,各种各样的癌症模型的研究胰腺,前列腺,和结肠,通过指向涉及房间区别,更新,转移,和新陈代谢的特定的小径在 attenuating CSC 表明了 metformin 的力量。在这评论,我们提供反癌症行动的全面概述和 metformin 的机制,包括 CSC 和相关小径的规定。我们也作为单音讨论 metformin 的潜在的反癌症应用 -- 或联合治疗。 | Nipun Saini Xiaohe Yang | 2018 | Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica2018，50，2： | 19 |
| 4 | Implant biomaterials: A comprehensive review显示文摘Appropriate selection of the implant biomaterial is a key factor for long term success of implants. The biologic environment does not accept completely any material so to optimize biologic performance, implants should be selected to reduce the negative biologic response while maintaining adequate function. Every clinician should always gain a thorough knowledge about thedifferent biomaterials used for the dental implants. This article makes an effort to summarize various dental biomaterials which were used in the past and as well as the latest material used now. | Monika Saini Yashpal Singh Pooja Arora Vipin Arora Krati Jain | 2015 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2015，3，1： | 15 |
| 5 | Treatment options for unstable trochanteric fractures: Screw or helical proximal femoral nail显示文摘Purpose: To compare treatment outcome of screw proximal femoral nail (PFN) system with that of a helical PFN. Methods: The study included 77 patients with closed unstable intertrochanteric fracture classified as AO 31A2 & 31A3, between June 2008 to August 2011. Inclusion criteria were: all mature skeletons above 50 years of age; closed unstable trochanteric fracture classified as AO 31A2 & A3. Exclusion criteria were: immature skeleton, pathological fracture of any cause other than osteoporosis, inability to walk inde- pendently prior to injury. Patients were randomized to 2 treatment groups based on admission sequence. Forty patients were treated with screw PFN and thirty seven were treated with helical PFN. Results: Both groups were similar in respect of time of surgery, blood loss and functional assessment and duration of hospitalization. In screw PFN group 2 patients had superficial wound infection, 1 patient had persistent hip pain and 1 patient had shortening 〉1 cm but 〈2 cm, while in helical PFN group 1 patient had superficial wound infection. Conclusion: Both screw and helical PFN are very effective implants in osteoporotic and unstable trochanteric fractures even in Indian patients where the bones are narrow and neck diameter is small. It is an implant of choice for osteooorotic and unstable trochanteric fractures. | Jeetendra Bajpai Rajesh Maheshwari Akansha Bajpai Sumit Saini | 2015 | Chinese Journal of Traumatology2015，18，6： | 9 |
| 6 | Buttress plating for a rare case of comminuted medial condylar Hoffa fracture associated with patellar fracture显示文摘Hoffa 骨折是不平常的 injury.In 文学,侧面的 condylar Hoffa 骨折比中间的 condylar Hoffa 骨折作为一个更普通的损害模式被提及。损害的机制和处理的方法很好没在文学被描述。我们与 ipsilateral 正在介绍弄碎的中间的 condylar Hoffa 骨折的一个稀罕盒子膝盖骨的骨折。损害的机制没在文学被描述。落后螺丝钉固定,是处理的最可接受的方法,不由于粉碎是可能的。我们解释损害的可能的机制并且与 L-but-tress 板修理破裂。 | Ashwani Soni Ramesh K Sen Uttam Chand Saini Dajjit Singh Sushil Chaudhary | 2012 | Chinese Journal of Traumatology2012，15，4： | 9 |
| 7 | Predictors of suboptimal bowel preparation in asymptomatic patients undergoing average-risk screening colonoscopy显示文摘AIM To identify risk factors for a suboptimal preparation among a population undergoing screening or surveillance colonoscopy.METHODS Retrospective review of the University of Michigan and Veteran's Administration(VA) Hospital records from 2009 to identify patients age 50 and older who underwent screening or surveillance procedure and had resection of polyps less than 1 cm in size and no more than 2 polyps. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease or a family history of colorectal cancer were excluded. Suboptimal procedures were defined as procedure preparations categorized as fair, poor or inadequate by the endoscopist. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify predictors of suboptimal preparation.RESULTS Of 4427 colonoscopies reviewed, 2401 met our inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Of our population, 16% had a suboptimal preparation. African Americans were 70% more likely to have a suboptimal preparation(95%CI: 1.2-2.4). Univariable analysis revealed that narcotic and tricyclic antidepressants(TCA) use, diabetes, prep type, site(VA vs non-VA), and presence of a gastroenterology(GI) fellow were associated with suboptimal prep quality. In a multivariable model controlling for gender, age, ethnicity, procedure site and presence of a GI fellow, diabetes [odds ratio(OR) = 2.3; 95%CI: 1.6-3.2], TCA use(OR = 2.5; 95%CI: 1.3-4.9), narcotic use(OR = 1.7; 95%CI: 1.2-2.5) and Miralax-Gatorade prep vs 4L polyethylene glycol 3350(OR = 0.6; 95%CI: 0.4-0.9) were associated with a suboptimal prep quality. CONCLUSION Diabetes, narcotics use and TCA use were identified as predictors of poor preparation in screening colonoscopies while Miralax-Gatorade preps were associated with better bowel preparation. | Shail M Govani Eric E Elliott Stacy B Menees Stephanie L Judd Sameer D Saini Constantinos P Anastassiades Annette L Urganus Suzanna J Boyce Philip S Schoenfeld | 2016 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2016，8，17： | 7 |
| 8 | 脓毒性休克早产儿血流动力学变化:前瞻性观察性研究显示文摘目的 采用功能性超声心动图评估脓毒性休克早产儿血流动力学变化并研究血管活性药对血流动力学参数的影响。 | Saini SS Kumar P Kumar RM 方伯梁(译) 钱素云(校) | 2014 | 中国小儿急救医学2014，21，6： | 5 |
| 9 | A review of stress concentration factors in tubular and non-tubular joints for design of offshore installations显示文摘Tubular structures are widely used in offshore installations,trusses,high rise buildings,towers for wind turbines,ski-lift installations,lightning,road pole signals etc.,owing to their excellent structural performance and attractive appearance.Stress concentration,especially in the welded joints of these structures,is an important design consideration particularly for fatigue design.In the context of tubular and non-tubular joints,this paper provides a review of the experimental and numerical studies that have been carried out so far to determine the stress concentration factor(SCF).Emphasis is also placed on the complexity of capturing different types of stresses in tubular/non-tubular joints for estimation of SCF.Present code provisions for evaluation of SCF are also discussed.Further,a few issues,which require significant research effort to advance our understanding and to improve the current design guidelines,have been identified.©2016 Shanghai Jiaotong University.Published by Elsevier B.V. | Dikshant Singh Saini Debasis Karmakar Samit Ray-Chaudhuri | 2016 | Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science2016，1，3： | 4 |
| 10 | 非线性器件的建模与测试显示文摘1引言
在快速发展、竞争激烈的非线性设计领域,能够用最短的时间将新器件技术转变为最终产品的能力是公司取得成功的关键。近来发展最好的方法是使用行为模型。此方法与相关测试测量方案的优点相结合,可以极大地缩短产品设计周期。 | Tudor Williams Randeep Saini Simon Mathias Andreas Henkel | 2015 | 国外电子测量技术2015，34，8： | 4 |
| 11 | Spectroscopic investigations on Dy^(3+) ions doped zinc lead alumino borate glasses for photonic device applications显示文摘This paper presents the structural, optical absorption, photoluminescence (PL) and decay spectral properties of Dy^(3+)ions doped zinc lead alumino borate (ZPAB) glasses to elucidate their possible usage in photonic devices such as w-LEDs and lasers. A broad hump shown by the XRD spectrum recorded for an un-doped ZPAB glass confirms its non-crystalline nature. The Judd-Ofelt (J-O) intensity parameter evaluated from the measured oscillator strengths of the absorption spectral features were used to estimate various radiative parameters and also to understand the nature of bonding between Dy^(3+)ions and oxygen ligands. Under 350 nm excitation, the as-prepared glasses are exhibiting two emission bands^4F_(9/2)→~6H_(15/2)(blue),and^4F_(9/2)→~6H_(13/2)(yellow) at 483 and 575 nm,respectively. From the PL spectra,the Y/B ratio values, CIE chromaticity color coordinates and color correlated temperature (CCT) were evaluated. The experimental lifetimes measured from the decay profiles are decreasing with increase in Dy^(3+)ions concentration in these glasses which may be attributed to the cross-relaxation and nonradiative multiphonon relaxation process. Decay profiles observed for higher concentration were well fitted to Inokuti-Hirayama (I-H) model to understand the energy transfer process and subsequent decrease in experimental lifetimes. The higher values of radiative parameters, emission cross-sections,quantum efficiency, optical gain and gain band width suggest the suitability of 0.5 mol%of Dy^(3+) ions in these ZPAB glasses for the photonic device application. | Nisha Deopa Shubham Saini Sumandeep Kaur Aman Prasad A.S.Rao | 2019 | Journal of Rare Earths2019，37，1： | 4 |
| 12 | Use of gentamicin-loaded collagen sponge in internal fixation of open fractures显示文摘ObjectiveTo 经由逐渐地在介绍给我们的开的破裂的外科的治疗局部地释放抗菌素的使妊娠的骨胶原敲诈的抗菌素(gentamicin骨胶原和抗菌素海绵)的申请估计立即的板 osteosynthesis 的结果在 injury.MethodsAll 盒子以后的 6 个小时包括 35 个病人在我们的第三级的水平损伤中心和教学医院被对待与开的破裂被立即的开的减小和板固定从2008年1月对待到 Augu 在他们之中, 31 个病人为足够的后续和评价是可得到的。所有破裂被灌溉对待,与释放抗菌素的骨胶原的放置一起的清创术,立即的开的减小和板固定就在创伤的闭合前在板附近敲诈。病人们被估计决定手术后的感染,推迟的联合或不属于工会并且另外的手术后的复杂并发症的开发。在彻底的清创术和本地抗菌素以后的立即的板 osteosynthesis 将在开的 fractures.ResultsThe 的治疗给安全、可接受的临床的结果,这被假设有足够的最后的后续的 31 个病人在 40 个星期(15-160 星期) 的一吝啬的时间被估计。大多数破裂根据参与的区域首先在一个可接受的时间时期联合起来。本地创伤复杂并发症(表面的感染和皮损失) 在 3 个病人(9.67%) 被发现。深感染在 2 个病人(6.45%) 被注意。任何一个都需要不这些病人植入在到期的时间统一的移动和两个破裂。推迟的联合在 5 个病人(16.13%) 被注意。没有病人进行了到不属于工会或在长期的后续植入失败。过多的结疤在 2 被开发在骨胶原电影 elut-ing 抗菌素的足够的清创术和放置以后的病人(6.45%).ConclusionsImmediate 板 osteosynthesis 局部地关于骨头联合和深感染的缺席生产优秀结果并且是在开的骨头损害的管理的一种安全技术。这些海绵能与内部固定的任何形式容易被使用,自从他们是 bioabsorbable,没有为这些抗菌素搬运人的移动的第二个手术的需要。与为 3 ~ 5 天的全身的抗菌素一起的本地使抗菌素妊娠的骨胶原海绵在开的破裂管理提供有希望的结果。 | Chaudhary Susheel Sen Ramesh Saini Uttam Chand Soni Ashwani Gahlot Nitesh Singh Daljit | 2011 | Chinese Journal of Traumatology2011，14，4： | 4 |
| 13 | Critical role of OX40 signaling in the TCR-independent phase of human and murine thymic Treg generation显示文摘Regulatory T cells(Tregs)play a pivotal role in immune-tolerance,and loss of Treg function can lead to the development of autoimmunity.Natural Tregs generated in the thymus substantially contribute to the Treg pool in the periphery,where they suppress self-reactive effector T cells(Teff)responses.Recently,we showed that OX40L(TNFSF4)is able to drive selective proliferation of peripheral Tregs independent of canonical antigen presentation(CAP-independent)in the presence of low-dose IL-2.Therefore,we hypothesized that OX40 signaling might be integral to the TCR-independent phase of murine and human thymic Treg(tTreg)development.Development of tTregs is a two-step process:Strong T-cell receptor(TCR)signals in combination with co-signals from the TNFRSF members facilitate tTreg precursor selection,followed by a TCR-independent phase of tTreg development in which their maturation is driven by IL-2.Therefore,we investigated whether OX40 signaling could also play a critical role in the TCR-independent phase of tTreg development.OX40−/−mice had significantly reduced numbers of CD25−Foxp3low tTreg precursors and CD25+Foxp3+mature tTregs,while OX40L treatment of WT mice induced significant proliferation of these cell subsets.Relative to tTeff cells,OX40 was expressed at higher levels in both murine and human tTreg precursors and mature tTregs.In ex vivo cultures,OX40L increased tTreg maturation and induced CAP-independent proliferation of both murine and human tTregs,which was mediated through the activation of AKT-mTOR signaling.These novel findings show an evolutionarily conserved role for OX40 signaling in tTreg development and proliferation,and might enable the development of novel strategies to increase Tregs and suppress autoimmunity. | Prabhakaran Kumar Alejandra Marinelarena Divya Raghunathan Vandhana K Ragothaman Shikha Saini Palash Bhattacharya Jilao Fan Alan L Epstein Ajay V Maker Bellur S Prabhakar | 2019 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2019，16，2： | 4 |
| 14 | Targeting cancer testis antigens for biomarkers and immunotherapy in colorectal cancer: Current status and challenges显示文摘Colorectal cancer ranks third among the estimatedcancer cases and cancer related mortalities in United States in 2014. Early detection and efficient therapy remains a significant clinical challenge for this disease. Therefore, there is a need to identify novel tumor asso-ciated molecules to target for biomarker development and immunotherapy. In this regard, cancer testis antigens have emerged as a potential targets for developing novel clinical biomarkers and immunotherapy for various malignancies. These germ cell specific proteins exhibit aberrant expression in cancer cells and contribute in tumorigenesis. Owing to their unique expression profile and immunogenicity in cancer patients, cancer testis antigens are clinically referred as the most promising tumor associated antigens. Several cancer testis antigens have been studied in colorectal cancer but none of them could be used in clinical practice. This review is an attempt to address the promising cancer testis antigens in colorectal cancer and their possible clinical implications as biomarkers and immunotherapeutic targets with particular focus on challenges and future interventions. | Anil Suri Nirmala Jagadish Shikha Saini Namita Gupta | 2015 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2015，7，12： | 4 |
| 15 | Internal fixation and bone grafting for intraarticular nonunion of tibial plateau: a report of four cases显示文摘胫骨的高原不属于工会的 Intraarticular 是稀罕的。在文学,仅仅 9 个病人被发现为不属于工会的胫骨的高原和他们得到了改变结果的 intraarticular 被对待。与骨头 grafting 一起的内部固定在所有情况中作为标准治疗被做。我们对待 intraarticular 的 4 个不同侧面案例在我们由 4 个不同方法的机构不属于工会的胫骨的高原。我们与骨头接枝,有 K 钉子的 arthrodesis 和全部的膝代替一起与巴黎扔的、内部固定的灰浆对待这些案例。大小写 1 与当病人拒绝了外科,扔的巴黎(流行音乐) 的灰浆被对待。破裂被统一,尽管有外翻足 malalignment,病人充分对运动的完整的范围满意。大小写 2 与开的减小被管理与骨头 grafting 一起的内部固定。病人有一个好工会并且在膝关节得到了运动的完整的范围。大小写 3 由于她的老年与全部的膝关节造形术被对待并且得到了令人满意的结果。大小写 4 是一感染不属于工会。Arthrodesis 被做,病人能与忍受 independently.We 的完整的重量走断定与骨头 grafting 一起的那内部固定不能在胫骨的高原不属于工会的 intraarticular 的所有情况中是合适的。不属于工会的、现在的状况的原因和膝关节的运动的范围都应该被考虑,治疗应该根据每种 patient’s 状况是 individualised。 | Ramesh K Sen Ashwani Soni Uttam Chand Saini Daljit Singh | 2011 | Chinese Journal of Traumatology2011，14，6： | 4 |
| 16 | Capacity-need gap in hospital resources for varying mitigation and containment strategies in India in the face of COVID-19 pandemic显示文摘Background:Due to uncertainties encompassing the transmission dynamics of COVID-19,mathematical models informing the trajectory of disease are being proposed throughout the world.Current pandemic is also characterized by surge in hospitalizations which has overwhelmed even the most resilient health systems.Therefore,it is imperative to assess health system preparedness in tandem with need projections for comprehensive outlook.Objective:We attempted this study to forecast the need for hospital resources for one year period and correspondingly assessed capacity and tipping points of Indian health system to absorb surges in need due to COVID-19.Methods:We employed age-structured deterministic SEIR model and modified it to allow for testing and isolation capacity to forecast the need under varying scenarios.Projections for documented cases were made for varying degree of containment and mitigation strategies.Correspondingly,data on health resources was collated from various government records.Further,we computed daily turnover of each of these resources which was then adjusted for proportion of cases requiring mild,severe and critical care to arrive at maximum number of COVID-19 cases manageable by health care system of India.Findings:Our results revealed pervasive deficits in the capacity of public health system to absorb surge in need during peak of epidemic.Also,model suggests that continuing strict lockdown measures in India after mid-May 2020 would have been ineffective in suppressing total infections significantly.Augmenting testing to 1,500,000 tests per day during projected peak(mid-September)under social-distancing measures and current test to positive rate of 9.7%would lead to more documented cases(60,000,000 to 90,000,000)culminating to surge in demand for hospital resources.A minimum allocation of 13x,70x and 37x times more beds for mild cases,ICU beds and mechanical ventilators respectively would be required to commensurate with need under that scenario.However,if testing capacity is limited to 9,000,000 tests per day(current situation as of 19th August 2020)under continued social-distancing measures,documented cases would plummet significantly,still requiring 5x,31x and 16x times the current allocated resources(beds for mild cases,ICU beds and mechanical ventilators respectively)to meet unmet need for COVID-19 treatment in India. | Veenapani Rajeev Verma Anuraag Saini Sumirtha Gandhi Umakant Dash Shaffi Fazaludeen Koya | 2020 | Infectious Disease Modelling2020，5，1： | 3 |
| 17 | Incidence of advanced adenomas at surveillance colonoscopy in patients with a personal history of colon adenomas: a meta-analysis and systematic review显示文摘 | Sameer D. Saini Hyungjin Myra Kim Philip Schoenfeld | 2006 | Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2006，，4： | 3 |
| 18 | Modeling the Adverse Impact of Rainstorms on a Regional Transport Network显示文摘Cities are centers of socioeconomic activities,and transport networks carry cargoes and passengers from one city to another. However, transport networks are influenced by meteorological hazards, such as rainstorms,hurricanes, and fog. Adverse weather impacts can easily spread over a network. Existing models evaluating such impacts usually neglect the transdisciplinary nature of approaches for dealing with this problem. In this article, a mesoscopic mathematical model is proposed to quantitatively assess the adverse impact of rainstorms on a regional transport network in northern China by measuring the reduction in traffic volume. The model considers four factors: direct and secondary impacts of rainstorms, interdependency between network components, and recovery abilities of cities. We selected the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region as the case study area to verify our model.Socioeconomic, precipitation, and traffic volume data in this area were used for model calibration and validation.The case study highlights the potential of the proposed model for rapid disaster loss assessment and risk reduction planning. | Saini Yang Guofan Yin Xianwu Shi Hao Liu Ying Zou | 2016 | International Journal of Disaster Risk Science2016，7，1： | 3 |
| 19 | Genetics of severe combined immunodeficiency显示文摘Severe Combined Immunodeficiency(SCID)is an inherited group of rare,lifethreatening disorders due to the defect in T cell development and function.Clinical manifestations are characterised by recurrent and severe bacterial,viral,and fungal opportunistic infections that start from early infancy period.Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT)is the treatment of choice.The pattern of inheritance of SCID may be X-linked or autosomal recessive.Though the diagnosis of SCID is usually established by flow cytometry-based tests,genetic diagnosis is often needed for genetic counselling,prognostication,and modification of pre-transplant chemotherapeutic agents.This review aims to highlight the genetic aspects of SCID. | Rajni Kumrah Pandiarajan Vignesh Pratap Patra Ankita Singh Gummadi Anjani Poonam Saini Madhubala Sharma Anit Kaur Amit Rawat | 2020 | Genes & Diseases2020，7，1： | 2 |
| 20 | Role of leptin and adiponectin in insulin resistance显示文摘 | Amita Yadav Megha A. Kataria Vandana Saini Anil Yadav | 2012 | Clinica Chimica Acta2012，，： | 2 |
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