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| 1 | Arabidopsis Chloroplast FtsH,var2 and Suppressors of var2 Leaf Variegation:a Review显示文摘Variegation mutants are ideal model systems to study chloroplast biogenesis. We are interested in variegations whose green and whitesectored leaves arise as a consequence of the action of nuclear recessive genes. In this review, we focus on the Arabidopsis var2 variegation mutant, and discuss recent progress toward understanding the function of VAR2 and the mechanism of var2-mediated variegation. VAR2 is a subunit of the chloroplast FtsH complex, which is involved in turnover of the Photosystem II reaction center D1 protein, as well as in other processes required for the development and maintenance of the photosynthetic apparatus. The cells in green sectors of var2 have normal-appearing chloroplasts whereas cells in the white sectors have abnormal plastids that lack pigments and organized lamellae. To explain the mechanism of var2 variegation, we have proposed a threshold model in which the formation of chloroplasts is due to the presence of activities/processes that are able to compensate for a lack of VAR2. To gain insight into these activities, second-site suppressor screens have been carried out to obtain mutants with nonvariegation phenotypes. Cloning and characterization of several var2 suppressor lines have uncovered several mechanisms of variegation suppression, including an unexpected link between var2 variegation and chloroplast translation. | Xiayan Liu Fei Yu Steve Rodermel | 2010 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2010，52，8： | 14 |
| 2 | SUPPRESSOR OF VARIEGATION4, a New var2 Suppressor Locus, Encodes a Pioneer Protein that Is Required for Chloroplast Biogenesis显示文摘VAR2 是不可分的 thylakoid 膜蛋白质和在初核质和优核质的 metalloproteases 的万用的 FtsH 班的一个成员。在 VAR2 地点的后退的变化产生与正常出现的叶绿体与反常质体和绿部门包含白部门的使成杂色的植物(var2 ) 。在孤立 var2 上色的秒地点 suppressors 的一个持续努力,我们在这报告 ems2505 描绘,在 At4g28590 由于一个错误感觉变化有带绿色的显型的一个 suppressor 种类,为先驱蛋白质的基因。我们指明了这基因 SVR4 (为 VARIEGATION4 的 SUPPRESSOR ) 并且在 ems2505 的变异的等位基因作为 svr4-1。我们证明 SVR4 位于叶绿体并且 svr4-1 单身者异种关于叶绿体解剖和 thylakoid 膜蛋白质累积是正常的。然而,他们平常地在光化学的几个方面被损害并且提高了非光化学的熄灭(NPQ ) 能力。SVR4 的 T-DNA 插入等位基因, svr4-2,由于叶绿体开发的早阻塞是幼苗致命的。我们断定 SVR4 为叶绿体生物的续生说是必要的,并且假设那 SVR4 调停控制 NPQ 的 thylakoid 结构或功能的某方面。我们建议在 suppressor 紧张, VAR2 的缺乏引起的 photoinhibitory 压力被减少的 SVR4 活动引起的提高的 NPQ 能力在叶绿体开发早改善。这将导致能克服必要的阀值避免相片损坏并且从而发展成功能的叶绿体的叶绿体的数字的增加。 | Fei Yu ung-Soon Park Xiayan Liu Andrew Foudree Aigen Fu Marta Powikrowska Anastassia Khrouchtchova Poul Erik Jensen Jillian N. Kriger Gordon RI Gray Steven R. Rodermel | 2011 | Molecular Plant2011，4，2： | 5 |
| 3 | PTOX Mediates Novel Pathways of Electron rransport in Etioplasts of Arabidopsis显示文摘Arabidopsis 的 immutans (im ) 上色异种为 PTOX (质体终端 oxidase ) 定义基因,在叶绿体膜的万用的 plastoquinol oxidase。在这份报告,我们使用了 im 在黑暗成年的幼苗的 etioplasts 获得卓见进 PTOX 的功能。我们发现 PTOX 帮助控制 plastoquinone ( PQ )的氧化还原作用状态在这些细胞器的水池,并且它由参予 carotenogenesis 并且在至少一条氧化还原作用小径的 desaturation 反应在 etioplast 新陈代谢起一个必要作用,这由 PGR5 (质子坡度规定 5 )和 NDH ( NAD (P) H 脱氢酶)调停了,哪个是在周期的电子运输的中央播放器。我们建议这些元素从 NAD (P) H 与电子流动联合 PTOX 到氧,并且由到 chlororespiration 的类比(在叶绿体) 并且 chromorespiration (在有色体) ,我们建议他们在我们称为的 etioplasts 定义一个呼吸过程 etiorespiration。我们进一步证明在 etioplasts 的 PQ 水池的氧化还原作用状态可能控制叶绿素生合成,也许由参予机制后退(plastid-to-nucleus ) 表明那并列 biosynthetic 和 photoprotective 活动要求了平衡为轻开发的 etioplast。我们断定 PTOX 是在 etioplasts 察觉到的新陈代谢和氧化还原作用的一个重要部件。 | Sekhar Kambakam Ujjal Bhattacharjee Jacob Petrich Steve Rodermel | 2016 | Molecular Plant2016，9，9： | 2 |
| 4 | The yellow variegated mutant of Arabidopsis is plastid autonomous and delayed in chloro-plast biogenesis显示文摘 | Chen M Jemen M Rodermel S | 1999 | The Journal of Heredity1999，90，1： | 1 |
| 5 | Regulation of phytoene desaturase expression is independent of leaf pigment content in Arabidopsis thaliana显示文摘 | Rodermel S R | 1998 | Plant Mol Biol1998，37，6： | 1 |
| 6 | Double antisense plants lacking ascorbate peroxidase and catalase are less sensitive to oxidative stress than single antisense plants lacking ascorbateperoxidase or catalase 显示文摘 | Rizhsy L Hallak-HerrE Van Breusegem F Rachmilevitch S Barr J E Rodermel S Inz6 D Mittler R | 2002 | The Plant Journal2002，32，： | 1 |
| 7 | Photosynthesis,rubisco activity and amount, and their regulation by transcription in senescing soybean leaves显示文摘 | Jiang C Z Rodermel S R Shibles R M | 1993 | Plant Physiol1993，101，： | 1 |
| 8 | Destabilization ofrbcS sense transcripts by antisense RNA显示文摘 | Cai-Zhong Jiang Daniel Kliebenstein Ning Ke Steve Rodermel | 1994 | Plant Molecular Biology1994，，3： | 1 |
| 9 | Nuclear-organelle interactions: nuclear sntisense gene inhibits ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase enzyme levels in transformed tobacco plants 显示文摘 | Rodermel S R Abbott M S Bogorad L | 1988 | Cell1988，55，4： | 1 |
| 10 | Photosynthesis, rubisco activity and amount, and their regulation by transcription in senescing soybean leaves显示文摘 | Jiang C Z Rodermel S R Shibles R M | 1993 | Plant Physiology1993，101，： | 1 |
| 11 | Control of chloroplast redox by the IM-MUTANS terminal oxidase显示文摘 | ALURU M R RODERMEL S R | 2004 | Physiol Plant2004，120，： | 1 |
| 12 | Pathways of plastid-to-nucleus signaling显示文摘 | RODERMEL S | 2001 | Trends Plant Sci2001，6，： | 1 |
| 13 | Photosynthesis,rubisco activity and amount,their regulation by transcription in senescing soybean leaves显示文摘 | ZHONG C RODERMEL S R SHIBLES R M | 1993 | Plant Physiol1993，101，： | 1 |
| 14 | Photosynthesis,rubisco activity and amount,and their regulation by transcription in senescing soybean leaves显示文摘 | Jiang C Z Rodermel S R Shibles R M | 1993 | Plant Physiology1993，101，： | 1 |
| 15 | Generation of transgenic maize with enhanced provitamin A content 显示文摘 | Aluru M Xu Y Guo R Wang Z Li S S White W Wang K Rodermel S | 2008 | J Exp Bot2008，59，13： | 1 |
| 16 | Regulation of photosynthesis during leaf development in RbcS antisense DNA mutants of tobacco 显示文摘 | Jiang C Z Rodermel S R | 1995 | Plant Physiology1995，107，： | 1 |
| 17 | Regulation of photosynthesis in developing leaves of soybean chloro-phyll-deficient mutants显示文摘 | Jiang C.Z Rodermel S.R Shibles R.M | | 0，，03： | 1 |
| 18 | Photosynthesis,rubisco activity and amount,and their regulation by transcription in senescing soybean leaves显示文摘 | Jiang C Z Rodermel S R Shibles R M | 1993 | Plant Physiol1993，101，： | 1 |
| 19 | Photosynthesis,rubisco activity and amount,and their regulation by transcription in senescing soybean leaves显示文摘 | Jlang C Z Rodermel S R Shibles R M | 1993 | Plant Physiology1993，101，： | 1 |
| 20 | Regulation of phytoene desaturase expression is independent of leaf pigrnent content in Arabidopsis thaliana 显示文摘 | WETZEL C M RODERMEL S R | 1995 | Plant Mol Biol1995，37，6： | 1 |
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