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| 1 | Damage control orthopaedics: State of the art显示文摘Damage control orthopaedics(DCO) originally consisted of the provisional immobilisation of long bone-mainly femur-fractures in order to achieve the advantages of early treatment and to minimise the risk of complications, such as major pain, fat embolism, clotting, pathological inflammatory response, severe haemorrhage triggering the lethal triad, and the traumatic effects of major surgery on a patient who is already traumatised(the 'second hit' effect). In recent years, new locations have been added to the DCO concept, such as injuries to the pelvis, spine and upper limbs. Nonetheless, this concept has not yet been validated in well-designed prospective studies, and much controversy remains.Indeed, some researchers believe the indiscriminate application of DCO might be harmful and produce substantial and unnecessary expense. In this respect, too,normalised parameters associated with the acid-base system have been proposed,under a concept termed early appropriate care, in the view that this would enable patients to receive major surgical procedures in an approach offering the advantages of early total care together with the apparent safety of DCO. This paper discusses the diagnosis and treatment of severely traumatised patients managed in accordance with DCO and highlights the possible drawbacks of this treatment principle. | Enrique Guerado Maria Luisa Bertrand Juan Ramon Cano Ana María Cerván Adolfo Galán | 2019 | World Journal of Orthopedics2019，10，1： | 16 |
| 2 | Myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries: A comprehensive review and future research directions显示文摘Acute coronary syndromes constitute a variety of myocardial injury presentations that include a subset of patients presenting with myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries(MINOCA).This acute coronary syndrome differs from type 1 myocardial infarction(MI)regarding patient characteristics,presentation,physiopathology,management,treatment,and prognosis.Two-thirds of MINOCA subjects present ST-segment elevation;MINOCA patients are younger,are more often female and tend to have fewer cardiovascular risk factors.Moreover,MINOCA is a working diagnosis,and defining the aetiologic mechanism is relevant because it affects patient care and prognosis.In the absence of relevant coronary artery disease,myocardial ischaemia might be triggered by an acute event in epicardial coronary arteries,coronary microcirculation,or both.Epicardial causes of MINOCA include coronary plaque disruption,coronary dissection,and coronary spasm.Microvascular MINOCA mechanisms involve microvascular coronary spasm,takotsubo syndrome(TTS),myocarditis,and coronary thromboembolism.Coronary angiography with non-significant coronary stenosis and left ventriculography are first-line tests in the differential study of MINOCA patients.The diagnostic arsenal includes invasive and non-invasive techniques.Medical history and echocardiography can help indicate vasospasm or thrombosis,if one finite coronary territory is affected,or specify TTS if apical ballooning is present.Intravascular ultrasound,optical coherence tomography,and provocative testing are encouraged.Cardiac magnetic resonance is a cornerstone in myocarditis diagnosis.MINOCA is not a benign diagnosis,and its polymorphic forms differ in prognosis.MINOCA care varies across centres,and future multi-centre clinical trials with standardized criteria may have a positive impact on defining optimal cardiovascular care for MINOCA patients. | Rafael Vidal-Perez Charigan Abou Jokh Casas Rosa Maria Agra-Bermejo Belén Alvarez-Alvarez Julia Grapsa Ricardo Fontes-Carvalho Pedro Rigueiro Veloso Jose Maria Garcia Acuña Jose Ramon Gonzalez-Juanatey | 2019 | World Journal of Cardiology2019，11，12： | 6 |
| 3 | Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy:More than a restrictive bariatric surgery procedure?显示文摘Sleeve gastrectomy(SG) is a restrictive bariatric surgery technique that was first used as part of restrictive horizontal gastrectomy in the original Scopinaro type biliopancreatic diversion. Its good results as a single technique have led to a rise in its use, and it is currently the second most performed technique worldwide. SG achieves clearly better results than other restrictive techniques and is comparable in some aspects to the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, the current gold standard in bariatric surgery. These benefits have been associated with different pathophysiologic mechanisms unrelated to weight loss such as increased gastric emptying and intestinal transit, and activation of hormonal mechanisms such as increased GLP-1 hormone and decreased ghrelin. The aim of this review was to highlight the salient aspects of SG regarding its historical evolution, pathophysiologic mechanisms, main results, clinical applications and perioperative complications. | David Benaiges Antonio Más-Lorenzo Albert Goday José M Ramon Juan J Chillarón Juan Pedro-Botet Juana A Flores-Le Roux | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，41： | 6 |
| 4 | Rifaximin,but not growth factor 1,reduces brain edema in cirrhotic rats显示文摘AIM:To compare rifaximin and insulin-like growth factor(IGF)-1 treatment of hyperammonemia and brain edema in cirrhotic rats with portal occlusion.METHODS:Rats with CCl4-induced cirrhosis with ascites plus portal vein occlusion and controls were randomized into six groups:Cirrhosis;Cirrhosis + IGF-1;Cirrhosis + rifaximin;Controls;Controls + IGF-1;and Controls + rifaximin.An oral glutamine-challenge test was performed,and plasma and cerebral ammonia,glucose,bilirubin,transaminases,endotoxemia,brain water content and ileocecal cultures were measured and liver histology was assessed.RESULTS:Rifaximin treatment significantly reduced bacterial overgrowth and endotoxemia compared with cirrhosis groups,and improved some liver function parameters(bilirubin,alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase).These effects were associated with a significant reduction in cerebral water content.Blood and cerebral ammonia levels,and area-underthe-curve values for oral glutamine-challenge tests were similar in rifaximin-treated cirrhotic rats and control group animals.By contrast,IGF-1 administration failed to improve most alterations observed in cirrhosis.CONCLUSION:By reducing gut bacterial overgrowth,only rifaximin was capable of normalizing plasma and brain ammonia and thereby abolishing low-grade brain edema,alterations associated with hepatic encephalopathy. | Gemmaòdena Mireia Miquel Anna Serafín Amparo Galan Rosa Morillas Ramon Planas Ramon Bartolí | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，17： | 6 |
| 5 | ion homeostasis during salt stress in plants显示文摘 | Ramon S Alonso R N | 2001 | Current Opinion in Cell Biology2001，13，： | 1 |
| 6 | Ion homeostasis during salt stress in plants显示文摘 | Ramon S Alonso R N | 2001 | Current Opinion in Cell Biology2001，13，： | 1 |
| 7 | Increasedincidence of Leydig cell tumours of the testis in the era ofimproved imaging techniques 显示文摘 | Leonhartsberger N Ramoner R Aigner F | 2011 | BJU Int2011，108，10： | 1 |
| 8 | Traumatic spinal cord injury complicating ankylosing spondylitis显示文摘 | Tico N Ramon S Carcia-Ortun F | 1998 | Spinal Cord1998，36，： | 1 |
| 9 | Lmportlance of e- valuating all vascular phases on contrast enhanced sonography in the differentiation of benign form malignant focal liverlensions显示文摘 | Carlos N Ramon V Violrta C etal | 2006 | AJR2006，186，1： | 1 |
| 10 | On the choice of weights profiles in cross-efficiency evaluations 显示文摘 | Ramon N Ruiz J L Sirvent I | 2010 | European Journal of Operational Research2010，207，： | 1 |
| 11 | Multicast-based inference of network-internal loss characteristics显示文摘 | Ramon C Duffield N G Horowitz J | 1999 | IEEE Transactions on Information Theory1999，45，7： | 1 |
| 12 | Reducing differences between profiles of weights: A ' peer-restricted' cross-efficiency evaluation 显示文摘 | Ramon N Ruiz J L Sirvent I | 2011 | Omega2011，39，： | 1 |
| 13 | Controlling persistent organic pollutants–what next? 1 Correspondence to: Nicole G Weavers, ETAF, European Training and Assessment Foundation, PO Box 182, 6700 AD, Wageningen, The Netherlands. Tel.: +31-317-484924; Fax: +31-317-484941 1显示文摘 | Harry W. Vallack Dick J. Bakker Ingvar Brandt Eva Brostr?m-Lundén Abraham Brouwer Keith R. Bull Clair Gough Ramon Guardans Ivan Holoubek Bo Jansson Rainer Koch Johan Kuylenstierna André Lecloux Donald Mackay Patrick McCutcheon Paolo Mocarelli Rob D.F. Taa | 1998 | Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology1998，，3： | 1 |
| 14 | Atmospheric PM and volatile organic compounds released from Mediterranean shrubland wildfires显示文摘 | Elisa Garcia-Hurtado Jorge Pey Esther Borrás Pilar Sánchez Teresa Vera Adoración Carratalá Andrés Alastuey Xavier Querol V. Ramon Vallejo | 2014 | Atmospheric Environment2014，，： | 1 |
| 15 | Substrate uptake in extremely halophilic microbial communities revealed by microautoradiography and fluorescence in situ hybridization显示文摘 | Ramon Rosselló-Mora Natuschka Lee Josefa Antón Michael Wagner | 2003 | Extremophiles2003，，5： | 1 |
| 16 | Importance of evaluating all vascular phases on contrast-enhanced sonography in the differentiation of benign from malignant focal liver lesions 显示文摘 | Carlos N Ramon V Violeta C | 2006 | AJR2006，186，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Low-angle scattering of protons on the XMM-Newton optics and effects on the on-board CCD detectors显示文摘 | RAMON N EAMONN D HUGH E | 2001 | IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science2001，48，6： | 1 |
| 18 | Iron type catalysts for the ozonation of oxalic acid in water显示文摘 | Francisco R J Ramon M E | 2005 | Wat Res2005，39，： | 1 |
| 19 | Ion homeostasis during salt stress in plants 显示文摘 | Ramon S Alonso R N | 2001 | Current Opinion in Cell Biology2001，13，4： | 1 |
| 20 | Associationof noninva-sive markers of coronary artery reper-fusion to assess microvascu-lar ob-struction in pa-tients with acute myocardial infarction treatedwith-primary angioplasty显示文摘 | Ramon C German L Carolina N | | 0，，： | 1 |
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