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| 1 | Welding of nickel free high nitrogen stainless steel: Microstructure and mechanical properties显示文摘High nitrogen stainless steel(HNS) is a nickel free austenitic stainless steel that is used as a structural component in defence applications for manufacturing battle tanks as a replacement of the existing armour grade steel owing to its low cost, excellent mechanical properties and better corrosion resistance.Conventional fusion welding causes problems like nitrogen desorption, solidification cracking in weld zone, liquation cracking in heat affected zone, nitrogen induced porosity and poor mechanical properties.The above problems can be overcome by proper selection and procedure of joining process. In the present work, an attempt has been made to correlate the microstructural changes with mechanical properties of fusion and solid state welds of high nitrogen steel. Shielded metal arc welding(SMAW), gas tungsten arc welding(GTAW), electron beam welding(EBW) and friction stir welding(FSW) processes were used in the present work. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction were used to characterize microstructural changes. Hardness, tensile and bend tests were performed to evaluate the mechanical properties of welds. The results of the present investigation established that fully austenitic dendritic structure was found in welds of SMAW. Reverted austenite pools in the martensite matrix in weld zone and unmixed zones near the fusion boundary were observed in GTA welds. Discontinuous ferrite network in austenite matrix was observed in electron beam welds.Fine recrystallized austenite grain structure was observed in the nugget zone of friction stir welds.Improved mechanical properties are obtained in friction stir welds when compared to fusion welds. This is attributed to the refined microstructure consisting of equiaxed and homogenous austenite grains. | Raffi Mohammed G.Madhusudhan Reddy K.Srinivasa Rao | 2017 | Defence Technology(防务技术)2017，13，2： | 11 |
| 2 | Microstructure and pitting corrosion of shielded metal arc welded high nitrogen stainless steel显示文摘The present work is aimed at studying the microstructure and pitting corrosion behaviour of shielded metal arc welded high nitrogen steel made of Cromang-N electrode. Basis for selecting this electrode is to increase the solubility of nitrogen in weld metal due to high chromium and manganese content. Microscopic studies were carried out using optical microscopy(OM) and field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM). Energy back scattered diffraction(EBSD) method was used to determine the phase analysis, grain size and orientation image mapping. Potentio-dynamic polarization testing was carried out to study the pitting corrosion resistance in aerated 3.5% NaCl environment using a GillAC electrochemical system. The investigation results showed that the selected Cr-Mn-N type electrode resulted in a maximum reduction in delta-ferrite and improvement in pitting corrosion resistance of the weld zone was attributed to the coarse austenite grains owing to the reduction in active sites of the austenite/delta ferrite interface and the decrease in galvanic interaction between austenite and delta-ferrite. | RAFFI MOHAMMED G.MADHUSUDHAN REDDY K.SRINIVASA RAO | 2015 | Defence Technology(防务技术)2015，11，3： | 8 |
| 3 | Evidence for Circulating Bone Marrow-Derived Endothelial Cells显示文摘 | Shi Q Raffi S Wu WH | 1998 | Blood1998，92，2： | 2 |
| 4 | 儿童有氧运动能力可训练性及相关问题显示文摘针对 Armstrong 最近关于'与青少年有氧能力相关的 10 个问题'的专题评论,再次对其提出的一些观点进行回顾,特别是儿童———成年人之间可训练差异性是否存在的问题·。讨论了许多现有的可得出可训练性结论的儿童 O_2max数据的有效性,为什么可训练性差异可能是一个事实而不是疑问,为解释这一现象所提供的一种合理的新方法,以及这种解释可以如何承担和回答其他几个提出的问题。本评论旨在激励并鼓励新的想法并提出建议,把注意力放在儿童的有氧可训练性上,还要更多地关注儿童运动生理学和表现以及他们与成年人的不同之处。 | Raffy Dotan 朱为模 | 2018 | 体育科研2018，39，2： | 2 |
| 5 | Application of ERICPCR for the comparison of isolates of Haemophilus parasuis显示文摘 | Raffie M Bara M Stephens C P | 2000 | Aust Vet J2000，78，12： | 1 |
| 6 | Baseline Renal Function Status Limits Patient Eligibility to Receive Perioperative Chemotherapy for Invasive Bladder Cancer and Is Minimally Affected by Radical Cystectomy显示文摘 | Daniel Canter Rosalia Viterbo Alexander Kutikov Yu-Ning Wong Elizabeth Plimack Fang Zhu Megan Oblaczynski Raffi Berberian David Y.T. Chen Richard E. Greenberg Robert G. Uzzo Stephen A. Boorjian | 2011 | Urology2011，，1： | 1 |
| 7 | The VIRGO study:nevirapine,didanosine and stavudine combination therapy in antiretroviral-naive HIV-l-infected adults显示文摘 | Raffi F Reliquet V Ferré V | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 8 | Astronomical calibra- tion of the Paleoeene time显示文摘 | Westerhold T R6hl U Raffi I | 2008 | Palaeogeography Palaeocli- matology Palaeoeeology2008，257，4： | 1 |
| 9 | High-speed capillary gas chromatography for determination of inhalation anesthetics 显示文摘 | Accorsi A Morrone B Raffi GB | 2005 | J ChromatogrA2005，1071，12： | 1 |
| 10 | Pharmacological mecha-nisms underlying oxygen-ozone therapy for herniated disc显示文摘 | SIMONETTI L RAFFI L CENNI P | 2003 | Riv Ital Ossigeno Ozonoterapia2003，2，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Identifying irradiated foods显示文摘 | Raffi J | 1998 | Trend in Analytical Chemistry1998，17，4： | 1 |
| 12 | The New Intramedullary Cable Bone Transport Technique 显示文摘 | Kucukkaya Metin MD Armagan Raffi MD Kuzgun Unal MD | 2009 | Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma2009，23，： | 1 |
| 13 | Change of scale theory: a capital challenge for space observation of Earth显示文摘 | RAFFY M | 1994 | International Journal of Remote Sensing1994，15，12： | 1 |
| 14 | A point about electron paramagnetic resonance detection of irradiated foodstuffs显示文摘 | Leila Douifi Jacques Raffi Pierre Stocker Franc ois Dole | 1998 | Spectrochimica Acta Part A1998，54，： | 1 |
| 15 | Sustained bacteremia in 26 patients with a permanent endocardial pacemaker= assess- ment of wire removal显示文摘 | Camus C Leport C Raffi F | 1993 | Clin Infect Dis1993，17，1： | 1 |
| 16 | Fractures of the acetabulum:early results of a prospective study显示文摘 | Matta JM Mehne DK Raffi R | 1996 | Clin Orthop1996，205，： | 1 |
| 17 | Rel/NF-k Btranscription factors: key Mediators of B-cell activation 显示文摘 | Raffi G Raelene G Mathis G at al | 2000 | Immunol Rev2000，176，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Pharmacological mechanisms underlying oxygen-ozone therapy for herniated disc显示文摘 | Simonetti L Raffi L Cenni P | | 0，，01： | 1 |
| 19 | Change of scale theory:a capital challenge for space observation of Earth显示文摘 | Raffy M | 1994 | Int J Remote Sensing1994，15，12： | 1 |
| 20 | Dielectric response of tantalum oxide deposited on polyethylene tereph- thalate (PET) film by low-temperature pulsed-DC sputte- ring for wound capacitors 显示文摘 | Sethi Guneet Sahul Raffi Min Cheolhong | 2009 | IEEE Trans Adv Pack2009，32，： | 1 |
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