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| 1 | Surgical management of polycystic liver disease显示文摘Adult polycystic liver disease (PCLD) is an autosomal dominant condition commonly associated with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). However in the last decade, it has been recognized that there is a distinct form of autosomal dominant PCLD that arises without concomitant ADPKD. Early knowledge of the pathogenesis was gained from the study of hepatic cysts in patients with ADPKD. Bile duct overgrowth after embryogenesis results in cystic hepatic dilatations that are known as biliary microhamartomas or von Meyenburg complexes. Further dilatation arises from cellular proliferation and fluid secretion into these cysts. There is a variable, broad spectrum of manifestations of PCLD. Although PCLD is most often asymptomatic, massive hepatomegaly can lead to disabling symptoms of abdominal pain, early satiety, persistent nausea, dyspnea, ascites, biliary obstruction, and lower body edema. Complications of PCLD include cyst rupture and cyst infection. Also, there are associated medical problems, especially intracranial aneurysms and valvular heart disease, which clinicians need to be aware of and evaluate in patients with PCLD. In asymptomatic patients, no treatment is indicated for PCLD. In the symptomatic patient, surgical therapy is the mainstay of treatment tailored to the extent of disease for each patient. Management options include cyst aspiration and sclerosis, open or laparoscopic fenestration, liver resection with fenestration, and liver transplantation. The surgical literature discussing treatment of PCLD, including techniques, outcomes, and complication rates, are summarized in this review. | Robert T Russell C Wright Pinson | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，38： | 20 |
| 2 | Role of ion channels in gastrointestinal cancer显示文摘In their seminal papers Hanahan and Weinberg described oncogenic processes a normal cell undergoes to be transformed into a cancer cell.The functions of ion channels in the gastrointestinal(GI)tract influence a variety of cellular processes,many of which overlap with these hallmarks of cancer.In this review we focus on the roles of the calcium(Ca^2+),sodium(Na^+),potassium(K^+),chloride(Cl^-)and zinc(Zn^2+)transporters in GI cancer,with a special emphasis on the roles of the KCNQ1 K+channel and CFTR Cl-channel in colorectal cancer(CRC).Ca^2+is a ubiquitous second messenger,serving as a signaling molecule for a variety of cellular processes such as control of the cell cycle,apoptosis,and migration.Various members of the TRP superfamily,including TRPM8,TRPM7,TRPM6 and TRPM2,have been implicated in GI cancers,especially through overexpression in pancreatic adenocarcinomas and down-regulation in colon cancer.Voltage-gated sodium channels(VGSCs)are classically associated with the initiation and conduction of action potentials in electrically excitable cells such as neurons and muscle cells.The VGSC NaV1.5 is abundantly expressed in human colorectal CRC cell lines as well as being highly expressed in primary CRC samples.Studies have demonstrated that conductance through NaV1.5 contributes significantly to CRC cell invasiveness and cancer progression.Zn2+transporters of the ZIP/SLC39A and ZnT/SLC30A families are dysregulated in all major GI organ cancers,in particular,ZIP4 up-regulation in pancreatic cancer(PC).More than 70 K+channel genes,clustered in four families,are found expressed in the GI tract,where they regulate a range of cellular processes,including gastrin secretion in the stomach and anion secretion and fluid balance in the intestinal tract.Several distinct types of K+channels are found dysregulated in the GI tract.Notable are hERG1 upregulation in PC,gastric cancer(GC)and CRC,leading to enhanced cancer angiogenesis and invasion,and KCNQ1 down-regulation in CRC,where KCNQ1 expression is associated with enhanced disease-free survival in stage II,III,and IV disease.Cl-channels are critical for a range of cellular and tissue processes in the GI tract,especially fluid balance in the colon.Most notable is CFTR,whose deficiency leads to mucus blockage,microbial dysbiosis and inflammation in the intestinal tract.CFTR is a tumor suppressor in several GI cancers.Cystic fibrosis patients are at a significant risk for CRC and low levels of CFTR expression are associated with poor overall disease-free survival in sporadic CRC.Two other classes of chloride channels that are dysregulated in GI cancers are the chloride intracellular channels(CLIC1,3&4)and the chloride channel accessory proteins(CLCA1,2,4).CLIC1&4 are upregulated in PC,GC,gallbladder cancer,and CRC,while the CLCA proteins have been reported to be down-regulated in CRC.In summary,it is clear,from the diverse influences of ion channels,that their aberrant expression and/or activity can contribute to malignant transformation and tumor progression.Further,because ion channels are often localized to the plasma membrane and subject to multiple layers of regulation,they represent promising clinical targets for therapeutic intervention including the repurposing of current drugs. | Kyle J Anderson Robert T Cormier Patricia M Scott | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，38： | 19 |
| 3 | Endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated pathways to both apoptosis and autophagy: Significance for melanoma treatment显示文摘Melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer.Disrupted intracellular signaling pathways are responsible for melanoma's extraordinary resistance to current chemotherapeutic modalities. The pathophysiologic basis for resistance to both chemo- and radiation therapy is rooted in altered genetic and epigenetic mechanisms that, in turn, result in the impairing of cell death machinery and/or excessive activation of cell growth and survival-dependent pathways. Although most current melanoma therapies target mitochondrial dysregulation,there is increasing evidence that endoplasmic reticulum(ER) stress-associated pathways play a role in the potentiation,initiation and maintenance of cell death machinery and autophagy. This review focuses on the reliability of ER-associated pathways as therapeutic targets for melanoma treatment. | Mohamed Hassan Denis Selimovic Matthias Hannig Youssef Haikel Robert T Brodell Mossaad Megahed | 2015 | World Journal of Experimental Medicine2015，5，4： | 15 |
| 4 | Radioembolization for the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma:A clinical review显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the sixth most common cancer in the world.The majority of patients with HCC present with unresectable disease.These patients have historically had limited treatment options secondary to HCC demonstrating chemoresistance to the currently available systemic therapies.Additionally, normal liver parenchyma has shown intolerance to tumoricidal radiation doses,limiting the use of external beam radiation.Because of these limitations,novel percutaneous liver-directed therapies have emerged. The targeted infusion of radioactive microspheres (radioembolization)represents one such therapy. Radioembolization is a minimally invasive transcatheter therapy through which radioactive microspheres are infused into the hepatic arteries that supply tumor. Once infused,these microspheres traverse the hepatic vascular plexus and selectively implant within the tumor arterioles.Embedded within the arterioles, the 90Y impregnated microspheres emit high energy and low penetrating radiation doses selectively to the tumor.Radioembolization has recently shown promise for the treatment of patients with unresectable HCC. The objective of this review article is to highlight twocurrently available radioembolic devices(90Y,188Rh)and provide the reader with a recent review of the literature. | Saad M Ibrahim Robert J Lewandowski Kent T Sato Vanessa L Gates Laura Kulik Mary F Mulcahy Robert K Ryu Reed A Omary Riad Salem | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，11： | 14 |
| 5 | Management of early gastrointestinal neuroendocrine neoplasms显示文摘Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) of the stomach, duo- denum, appendix or rectum that are small (≤ 1 cm) and well differentiated can be considered 'early' tumors, since they generally have a (very) good prognosis. In the new WHO classification of 2010, these neoplasms are called neuroendocrine tumors/ carcinoids (NETs), grade (G) 1 or 2, and distinguished from poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs), G3. NETs are increasing, with a rise in the age-adjusted incidence in the U.S.A. by about 700 % in the last 35 years. Improved early detection seems to be the main reason for these epidemiological changes. Both the better generalavailability of endoscopy, and imaging techniques, have led to a shift in the discovery of smaller-sized (≤ 10-20 mm) intestinal NETs/carcinoids and earlier tumor stages at diagnosis. Endoscopic screening is therefore effective in the early diagnosis, not only of colorectal adenocarcinomas, but also of NETs/carcinoids. Endoscopic removal, followed up with endoscopic surveillance is the treatment of choice in NETs/carcinoids of the stomach, duodenum and rectum that are ≤ 10 mm in size, have a low proliferative activity (G1), do not infiltrate the muscular layer and show no angioinvasion. In all the other intestinal NENs, optimal treatment generally needs surgery and/or medical therapy depending on type, biology and stage of the tumor, as well as the individual situation of the patient. | Hans Scherübl Robert T Jensen Guillaume Cadiot Ulrich Stlzel Günter Klppel | 2011 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2011，3，7： | 13 |
| 6 | Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging to predict response of hepatocellular carcinoma to chemoembolization显示文摘AIM: To investigate whether intra-procedural diffusion- weighted magnetic resonance imaging can predict response of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) during trans- catheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). METHODS: Sixteen patients (15 male), aged 59 ±11 years (range: 42-81 years) underwent a total of 21 separate treatments for unresectable HCC in a hybrid magnetic resonance/interventional radiology suite. Ana- tomical imaging and diffusion-weighted imaging (b = 0, 500 s/mm2) were performed on a 1.5-T unit. Tumor enhancement and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC, mm2/s) values were assessed immediately before and at 1 and 3 mo after TACE. We calculated the percent change (PC) in ADC values at all time points. We compared follow-up ADC values to baseline values using a paired t test (α = 0.05). RESULTS: The intra-procedural sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values (%) for detecting a complete or partial 1-mo tumor response using ADC PC thresholds of ±5%, ±10%, and ±15% were 77, 67, 91, and 40; 54, 67, 88, and 25; and 46, 100, 100, and 30, respectively. There was no clear predictive value for the 3-mo follow-up. Compared to baseline, the immediate post-procedure and 1-mo mean ADC values both increased; the latter obtaining statistical significance (1.48 ± 0.29 mm2/s vs 1.65 ± 0.35 × 10-3 mm2/s, P < 0.014). CONCLUSION: Intra-procedural ADC changes of > 15% predicted 1-mo anatomical HCC response with the greatest accuracy, and can provide valuable feedback at the time of TACE. | Johnathan C Chung Neel K Naik Robert J Lewandowski Mary F Mulcahy Laura M Kulik Kent T Sato Robert K Ryu Riad Salem Andrew C Larson Reed A Omary | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，25： | 13 |
| 7 | Neuroendocrine tumors of the small bowels are on the rise:Early aspects and management显示文摘Neuroendocrine tumors of the small bowel are on the rise. In the US they have increased by 300%-500% in the last 35 years. At the same time their prognosis is much improved. Today,most neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) of the duodenum are detected 'incidentally' and therefore recognized at an early stage. Duodenal NETs which are well differentiated,not larger than 10 mm and limited to the mucosa/submucosa can be endoscopically resected. The management of duodenal NETs ranging between 10 and 20 mm needs an interdisciplinary discussion. Endoscopic ultrasound is the method of choice to determine tumor size and depth of infiltration. Surgery is recommended for well-differentiated duodenal NET tumors greater than 20 mm,for localized sporadic gastrinomas (of any size) and for localized poorly differentiated NE cancers. Surgery is recommended for any ileal NET. Advanced ileal NETs with a carcinoid syndrome are treated with longacting somatostatin analogs. This treatment significantly improves (progression-free) survival in patients with metastatic NETs of the ileum. For optimal NET management,tumor biology,type,localization and stage of the neoplasm,as well as the patient's individual circumstances have to be taken into account. | Hans Scherbl Robert T Jensen Guillaume Cadiot Ulrich Stlzel Gnter Klppel | 2010 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2010，2，10： | 10 |
| 8 | 1999年海城-岫岩地震序列的精准定位显示文摘1999年11月29日,北京时间12点10分39秒(04:10:39UTC)在我国辽宁海城—岫岩地区发生了一次MS5.4地震.这次地震是继1975年2月4日海城MS7.3地震之后该地区发生的震级最大的一次地震.区域性的辽宁数字地震台网记录了这一序列的前震、主震与余震.本文运用该台网的记录资料,用双差法对海城—岫岩地震序列重新定位,得到了该序列事件之间精确的相对位置;然后以中国地震局地球物理研究所(IGCEA)与美国南卫理大学(SMU)合作的辽宁海城—岫岩地区地震试验场宽频带地震台网(BSN)记录的、经过精准定位的地震作为近震源观测的'地面实况'(groundtruth,GT)事件进行校正,得到了这一地震序列的既精确又准确的震源参数.由此得出1999年海城—岫岩地震的发震构造是与1975年海城地震的发震构造海城河—大洋河断裂邻近的康家岭断裂.康家岭断裂的走向与海城河—大洋河断裂走向一致,均为WNW--ESE方向.它们都是在中国东北—华北地区近ENE--WSW向、几乎水平的压应力场作用下产生的断裂.1999年海城—岫岩地震是在海城河—大洋河断裂的影响带动下,邻近的、与其走向一致的康家岭断裂活动的结果. | 杨智娴 Brian W Stump 陈运泰 Robert B Herrmann Rongmao Zhou Chris T Hayward | 2011 | 地震学报2011，33，3： | 9 |
| 9 | Fusobacterium 's link to colorectal neoplasia sequenced: A systematic review and future insights显示文摘AIM To critically evaluate previous scientific evidence on Fusobacterium's role in colorectal neoplasia development.METHODS Two independent investigators systematically reviewed all original scientific articles published between January,2000,and July,2017,using Pub Med,EMBASE,and MEDLINE. A total of 355 articles were screened at the abstract level. Of these,only original scientific human,animal,and in vitro studies investigating Fusobacterium and its relationship with colorectal cancer(CRC) were included in the analysis. Abstracts,review articles,studies investigating other colonic diseases,and studies written in other languages than English were excluded from our analysis. Ninety articles were included after removing duplicates,resolving disagreements between the two reviewers,and applying the above criteria.RESULTS Studies have consistently identified positive associations between Fusobacterium,especially Fusobacterium nucleatum(F. nucleatum),and CRC. Stronger associations were seen in CRCs proximal to the splenic flexure and Cp G island methylator phenotype(CIMP)-high CRCs. There was evidence of temporality and a biological gradient,with increased F. nucleatum DNA detection and quantity along the traditional adenoma-carcinoma sequence and in CIMP-high CRC precursors. Diet may have a differential impact on colonic F. nucleatum enrichment;evidence suggests that high fiber diet may reduce the risk of a subset of CRCs that are F. nucleatum DNA-positive. Data also suggest shorter CRC and disease-specific survival with increased amount of F. nucleatum DNA in CRC tissue. The pathophysiology of enrichment of F. nucleatum and other Fusobacterium species in colonic tissue is unclear;however,the virulence factors and changes to the local colonic environment with disruption of the protective mucus layer may contribute. The presence of a host lectin(Gal-Gal NAc) in the colonic epithelium may also mediate F. nucleatum attachment to CRC and precursors through interaction with an F. nucleatum protein,fibroblast activation protein 2(FAP2). The clinical significance of detection or enrichment of Fusobacterium in colorectal neoplasia is ambiguous,but data suggest a procarcinogenic effect of F. nucleatum,likely due to activation of oncogenic and inflammatory pathways and modulation of the tumor immune environment. This is hypothesized to be mediated by certain F. nucleatum strains carrying invasive properties and virulence factors such as Fad A and FAP.CONCLUSION Evidence suggests a potential active role of Fusobacterium,specifically F. nucleatum,in CRC. Future prospective and experimental human studies would fill an important gap in this literature. | Hisham Hussan Steven K Clinton Kristen Roberts Michael T Bailey | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，48： | 9 |
| 10 | Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours显示文摘 | Irvin M Modlin Kjell Oberg Daniel C Chung Robert T Jensen Wouter W de Herder Rajesh V Thakker Martyn Caplin Gianfranco Delle Fave Greg A Kaltsas Eric P Krenning Steven F Moss Ola Nilsson Guido Rindi Ramon Salazar Philippe Ruszniewski Anders Sundin | 2008 | Lancet Oncology2008，，1： | 8 |
| 11 | High-throughput screening of mouse gene knockouts identifies established and novel skeletal phenotypes显示文摘Screening gene function in vivo is a powerful approach to discover novel drug targets. We present high-throughput screening(HTS) data for 3 762 distinct global gene knockout(KO) mouse lines with viable adult homozygous mice generated using either gene-trap or homologous recombination technologies. Bone mass was determined from DEXA scans of male and female mice at 14 weeks of age and by microCT analyses of bones from male mice at 16 weeks of age. Wild-type(WT) cagemates/littermates were examined for each gene KO. Lethality was observed in an additional 850 KO lines. Since primary HTS are susceptible to false positive findings, additional cohorts of mice from KO lines with intriguing HTS bone data were examined. Aging,ovariectomy, histomorphometry and bone strength studies were performed and possible non-skeletal phenotypes were explored. Together, these screens identified multiple genes affecting bone mass: 23 previously reported genes(Calcr, Cebpb, Crtap, Dcstamp, Dkk1, Duoxa2, Enpp1, Fgf23, Kiss1/Kiss1 r, Kl(Klotho),Lrp5, Mstn, Neo1, Npr2, Ostm1, Postn, Sfrp4, Slc30a5, Slc39a13, Sost, Sumf1, Src, Wnt10b), five novel genes extensively characterized(Cldn18, Fam20 c, Lrrk1, Sgpl1, Wnt16), five novel genes with preliminary characterization(Agpat2, Rassf5, Slc10a7, Slc26a7, Slc30a10) and three novel undisclosed genes coding for potential osteoporosis drug targets. | Robert Brommage Jeff Liu Gwenn M Hansen Laura L Kirkpatrick David G Potter Arthur T Ss Brian Zambrowicz David R Powell Peter Vogel | 2014 | Bone Research2014，2，3： | 7 |
| 12 | Differing and isoform-specific roles for the formin DIAPH3 in plasma membrane blebbing and filopodia formation显示文摘血浆膜(下午) 水泡是发生的动态充满肌动朊的房间伸出,例如在胞质分裂期间,似变形虫的房间活动性和房间附件。用对 21 个肌动朊成核因素的一幅指向的 siRNA 屏幕,我们在房间粘附期间在下午 blebbing 识别一篇小说和人的透明 formin DIAPH3 的必要角色。DIAPH3 的抑制禁止了 blebbing 支持快速的房间传播包含 β 1-integrin。DIAPH3 的多重 isoforms 在 mRNA 和 isoforms, 3 和 7 是然而没导致充满肌动朊的伸出的形成的最大、很丰富的 isoforms 的蛋白质水平上被检测。更确切地说,下午 blebbing 明确地包含了低丰富 isoform 7 由透明自动调整的领域的删除引起了 filopodia 的形成的 isoform 的 1 DIAPH3 和激活。Dimerization 和肌动朊集会活动为由 DIAPH3 isoforms 的特定的房间伸出的正式就职是必要的 1 和 7。我们的数据建议包括 GTPase 有约束力的域的 N 终端区域象它在水泡和 filopodia 之间的伸出活动一样决定了 formin 的 subcellular 本地化。我们建议由 DIAPH3 的 isoform 选择的肌动朊汇编施加特定并且调整的差别在房间粘附和活动性期间工作。 | Jana Stastna Xiaoyu Pan Haicui Wang Alina Kollmannsperger Stefan Kutscheidt Volker Lohmann Robert Grosse Oliver T Fackler | 2012 | Cell Research2012，22，4： | 6 |
| 13 | Microscopic colitis:A large retrospective analysis from a health maintenance organization experience显示文摘AIM:To examine the demographic data on a large multi-ethnic population of patients with microscopic colitis (MC) in Southern California and to determine the association of MC with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer.METHODS: All patients diagnosed with MC by colonic biopsy from 1996-2005 were identified utilizing a pathology database. All biopsies were reviewed by experienced pathologists utilizing standard histologic criteria. Patients' medical records were reviewed and data regarding patient age, co-morbidities, sex, ethnicity, and medications were analyzed. An age-and sexmatched standard control group was also generated. Chi-square test was used to evaluate the associations of co-morbidities between lymphocytic colitis (LC), collagenous colitis (CC) and the control group.RESULTS: A total of 547 cases of MC were identif ied,376 patients with LC and 171 patients with CC. The female/male ratio was 3:1 in CC and 2.7:1 in LC patients. Celiac disease (P<0.001), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) (P<0.001), and thyroid diseases (P<0.001) were found to have a higher occurrence in MC compared to the control group. No statistical differences in the occurrence of colorectal cancer, diabetes and IBD were found between the MC group and the control group.CONCLUSION: This is the largest group of patients with MC known to the authors that has been studied to date. Conditions such as celiac disease, IBS, and thyroid diseases were found to be related to MC. Furthermore, neither an increased risk of colorectal cancer nor IBD was associated with MC in this study. | Kevin T Kao Benito A Pedraza Amy C McClune David A Rios Yi-Qiong Mao Robert H Zuch Michael H Kanter Sony Wirio Chris N Conteas | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，25： | 5 |
| 14 | Clinical outcomes following salvage Gamma Knife radiosurgery for recurrent glioblastoma显示文摘Glioblastoma multiforme(GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor with a survival prognosis of 14-16 mo for the highest functioning patients. Despite aggressive, multimodal upfront therapies, the majority of GBMs will recur in approximately six months. Salvage therapy options for recurrent GBM(r GBM) are an area of intense research. This study compares recent survival and quality of life outcomes following Gamma Knife radiosurgery(GKRS) salvage therapy. Following a Pub Med search for studies usingGKRS as salvage therapy for malignant gliomas, nine articles from 2005 to July 2013 were identified which evaluated rG BM treatment. In this review, we compare overall survival following diagnosis, overall survival following salvage treatment, progression-free survival, time to recurrence, local tumor control, and adverse radiation effects. This report discusses results for rG BM patient populations alone, not for mixed populations with other tumor histology grades. All nine studies reported median overall survival rates(from diagnosis, range:16.7-33.2 mo; from salvage, range:9-17.9 mo). Three studies identified median progression-free survival(range:4.6-14.9 mo). Two showed median time to recurrence of GBM. Two discussed local tumor control. Six studies reported adverse radiation effects(range:0%-46% of patients). The greatest survival advantages were seen in patients who received GKRS salvage along with other treatments, like resection or bevacizumab, suggesting that appropriately tailored multimodal therapy should be considered with each rG BM patient. However, there needs to be a randomized clinical trial to test GKRS for rG BM before the possibility of selection bias can be dismissed. | Erik W Larson Halloran E Peterson Wayne T Lamoreaux Alexander R MacKay Robert K Fairbanks Jason A Call Jonathan D Carlson Benjamin C Ling John J Demakas Barton S Cooke Christopher M Lee | 2014 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2014，5，2： | 5 |
| 15 | Is it possible to stop nucleos(t)ide analogue treatment in chronic hepatitis B patients?显示文摘Chronic hepatitis B(CHB) remains a challenging global health problem, with nearly one million related deaths per year. Nucleos(t)ide analogue(NA) treatment suppresses viral replication but does not provide complete cure of the hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection. The accepted endpoint for therapy is the loss of hepatitis B surface antigen(HBs Ag), but this is hardly ever achieved. Therefore, indefinite treatment is usually required. Many different studies have evaluated NA therapy discontinuation after several years of NA treatment and before HBs Ag loss. The results have indicated that the majority of patients can remain off therapy, with some even reaching HBs Ag seroconversion. Fortunately, this strategy has proved to be safe, but it is essential to consider the risk of liver damage and other comorbidities and to ensure aclose follow-up of the candidates before considering this strategy. Unanswered questions remain, namely in which patients could this strategy be effective and what is the optimal time point at which to perform it. To solve this enigma, we should keep in mind that the outcome will ultimately depend on the equilibrium between HBV and the host's immune system. Viral parameters that have been described as good predictors of response in HBe Ag(+) cases, have proven useless in HBe Ag(-) ones. Since antiviral immunity plays an essential role in the control of HBV infection, we sought to review and explain potential immunological biomarkers to predict safe NA discontinuation in both groups. | Elia Moreno-Cubero Robert T Sánchez del Arco Julia Pena-Asensio Eduardo Sanz de Villalobos Joaquín Míquel Juan Ramón Larrubia | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，17： | 5 |
| 16 | Sofosbuvir and ledipasvir fixed-dose combination with and without ribavirin in treatment-naive and previously treated patients with genotype 1 hepatitis C virus infection (LONESTAR): an open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial显示文摘 | Eric Lawitz Fred F Poordad Phillip S Pang Robert H Hyland Xiao Ding Hongmei Mo William T Symonds John G McHutchison Fernando E Membreno | 2013 | The Lancet2013，，： | 5 |
| 17 | Acute effects of rotavirus and malnutrition on intestinal barrier function in neonatal piglets显示文摘AIM: To investigate the effect of protein-energy malnutrition on intestinal barrier function during rotavirus enteritis in a piglet model.METHODS: Newborn piglets were allotted at day 4 of age to the following treatments:(1) full-strength formula(FSF)/noninfected;(2) FSF/rotavirus infected;(3) half-strength formula(HSF)/noninfected;or(4) HSF/rotavirus infected.After one day of adjustment to the feeding rates,pigs were infected with rotavirus and acute effects on growth and diarrhea were monitored for 3 d and jejunal samples were collected for Ussingchamber analyses.RESULTS: Piglets that were malnourished or infected had lower body weights on days 2 and 3 post-infection(P < 0.05).Three days post-infection,marked diarrhea and weight loss were accompanied by sharp reductions in villus height(59%) and lactase activity(91%) and increased crypt depth(21%) in infected compared with non-infected pigs(P < 0.05).Malnutrition also increased crypt depth(21%) compared to full-fed piglets.Villus:crypt ratio was reduced(67%) with viral infection.There was a trend for reduction in transepithelial electrical resistance with rotavirus infection and malnutrition(P = 0.1).3H-mannitol flux was significantly increased(50%;P < 0.001) in rotavirus-infected piglets compared to non-infected piglets,but there was no effect of nutritional status.Furthermore,rotavirus infection reduced localization of the tight junction protein,occludin,in the cell membrane and increased localization in the cytosol.CONCLUSION: Overall,malnutrition had no additive effects to rotavirus infection on intestinal barrier function at day 3 post-infection in a neonatal piglet model. | Sheila K Jacobi Adam J Moeser Anthony T Blikslager J Marc Rhoads Benjamin A Corl Robert J Harrell Jack Odle | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，31： | 4 |
| 18 | Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2009 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee显示文摘 | Donald Lloyd-Jones Robert Adams Mercedes Carnethon Giovanni De Simone T Bruce Ferguson Katherine Flegal Earl Ford Karen Furie Alan Go Kurt Greenlund Nancy Haase Susan Hailpern Michael Ho Virginia Howard Brett Kissela Steven Kittner Daniel Lackland Lynda L | 2009 | Circulation2009，，3： | 4 |
| 19 | Primary phacoemulsification for uncontrolled angle-closure glaucoma 1 1 None of the authors has a financial or proprietary interest in any material or method mentioned.显示文摘 | Timothy V Roberts Ian C Francis Sam Lertusumitkul Medduma B Kappagoda Minas T Coroneo | 2000 | Journal of Cataract & Refractive Surgery2000，，7： | 3 |
| 20 | Twenty-five years of research on the effects of exercise training in breast cancer survivors:A systematic review of the literature显示文摘AIM:To investigate the role of exercise training the past 25 years on major physiological-psychological outcomes studied thus far in this patient population.METHODS:Pub Med, Medline Plus, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, SportD iscus, Embase, Scorpus, and Google Scholar were searched from September to November 2013 to identify exercise training studies that used objective measurements of fitness and/or patient reported outcomes assessed pre and post-exercise training with statistical analyses performed in at least one of the following outcome measurements:Cardiorespiratory function, body composition, muscular strength, fatigue, depression, and overall quality of life. Five reviewers independently identified the studies that met the criteria for the review and discrepancies were resolved by consensus among all authors.RESULTS:Fifty-one studies were included in this review with 5 from the period between 1989-1999, 11 from 2000-2006, and 35 from 2007-2013. The evolution of study designs changed from aerobic only exercise training interventions(1989-1999), to a combination of aerobic and resistance training(2000-2006), to studies including an arm of resistance training or examining the effects of resistance training as the main mode of exercise(2007-2013). Overall, the benefits of exercise showed improvements in cardiorespiratory function, body composition, strength, and patient reported outcomes including fatigue, depression, and quality of life.CONCLUSION:Exercise training appears to be safe for most breast cancer patients and improvements in physiological, psychological, and functional parameters can be attained with regular participation in moderate intensity exercise. | Claudio L Battaglini Robert C Mills Brett L Phillips Jordan T Lee Christina E Story Marcelo GB Nascimento Anthony Carl Hackney | 2014 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2014，5，2： | 3 |
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