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    题名 作者 年代 出处 被引量
1Update in management of mesenteric ischemia显示文摘肠系膜局部缺血混乱被剥夺一或几个腹的机关遇见新陈代谢的要求足够的呼吸的一个发行量不足事件猛抛。尽管 mes 伤寒局部缺血不经常发生,死亡率从 60% ~ 100% ,依靠阻塞的消息提供者。成功的结果依赖于怀疑和迅速的管理的一个高索引。我们简短考察病理生理学和演讲各种各样是化学家实体并且在诊断和治疗考察当前的现状。尽管有在诊断和治疗的进展,迅速的诊断和支持的照顾为成功的结果仍然保持批评。新成像技术,血管内治疗和新兴的研究可以改进我们的途径到这个致命的条件。Robert W Chang John B Chang Walter E Longo 2006World Journal of Gastroenterology2006,12,20:38
2内侧固定平台单髁置换术后的冠状面下肢力线是翻修的影响因素显示文摘膝关节单髁置换术(unicompartmental knee arthroplasty,UKA)后患者冠状面的下肢力线被认为是影响手术长期疗效的一个重要因素,但关于最佳的UKA术后下肢力线还没有形成明确共识。一些研究主张术后下肢力线应保持在中立位,而另一些研究认为即使术后下肢力线存在10°的内翻也可获得良好的临床效果。Sean E Slaven John P Cody Robert A Sershon Henry Ho Robert H Hopper Jr Kevin B Fricka 李亚坤(整理) 张民(整理) 2020实用骨科杂志2020,26,12:15
3Platelets generated from human embryonic stem cells are functional in vitro and in the microcirculation of living mice显示文摘Shi-Jiang Lu Feng Li Hong Yin Qiang Feng Erin A Kimbrel Eunsil Hahm Jonathan N Thon Wei Wang Joseph E ltaliano Jaehyung Cho Robert Lanza 2011Cell Research2011,21,3:14
4Effect of nutritional counselling on hepatic,muscle and adipose tissue fat content and distribution in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease显示文摘AIM: To assess the effectiveness of the current UK clinical practice in reducing hepatic fat (IHCL). METHODS: Whole body MRI and 1H MRS were obtained, before and after 6 mo nutritional counselling, from liver, soleus and tibialis muscles in 10 subjects with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). RESULTS: A 500 Kcal-restricted diet resulted in an average weight loss of 4% (-3.4 kg,) accompanied by significant reductions in most adipose tissue (AT) depots, including subcutaneous (-9.9%), abdominal subcutaneous (-10.2%) and intra-abdominal-AT (-11.4%). Intramyocellular lipids (IMCL) were significantly reduced in the tibialis muscle (-28.2%). Decreases in both IHCL (-39.9%) and soleus IMCL (-12.2%) content were also observed, although these were not significant. Several individuals showed dramatic decreases in IHCL, while others paradoxically showed increases in IHCL content. Changes in body composition were accompanied by improvements in certain liver function tests: serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Significant correlations were found between decreases in IHCL and reductions in both intra-abdominal and abdominal subcutaneous AT. Improvements in liver function tests were associated with reductions in intra-abdominal AT, but not with changes in IHCL. CONCLUSION: This study shows that even a very modest reduction in body weight achieved through lifestyle modification can result in changes in body fat depots and improvements in LFTs.E Louise Thomas Audrey E Brynes Gavin Hamilton Nayna Patel Adam Spong Robert D Goldin Gary Frost Jimmy D Bell Simon D Taylor-Robinson 2006World Journal of Gastroenterology2006,12,36:13
5胎盘生长因子和色素上皮衍生因子在非小细胞肺癌中的表达及其与预后的关系显示文摘目的探讨胎盘生长因子(PlGF)和色素上皮衍生因子(PEDF)在非小细胞肺癌中的表达特点及与肿瘤新生血管形成的关系,了解这两种因子在判断非小细胞肺癌患者预后中的意义。方法采用超敏过氧化酶免疫组织化学法检测手术切除的81例非小细胞肺癌标本中PlGF和PEDF的表达水平,并利用CD31染色进行微血管计数,统计分析这两个因子与微血管密度(MVD)的关系,及其在非小细胞肺癌患者预后中的意义。结果PlGF和PEDF在81例非小细胞肺癌患者中的阳性率分别为43·2%(35例)和53·1%(43例)。PlGF阳性表达与高值MVD相关;PEDF阳性表达与低值MVD相关;PlGF和PEDF的表达状况存在负相关。单因素和多因素分析均提示PlGF是非小细胞癌患者独立的预后指标。结论PlGF和PEDF均可在非小细胞肺癌组织中表达,二者在血管生成的过程中具有相互拮抗的作用。与PEDF相比,PlGF在非小细胞肺癌发展以及预测患者预后方面具有更大的作用。张力建 陈晋峰 陆爱萍 柯杨 Robert E Mansel Wen G Jiang 2005中华医学杂志2005,85,47:10
6Recent trends in the surgical management of inflammatory bowel disease显示文摘Surgery is required in the vast majority of patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and in approximately one-third of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Similar to medical treatments for IBD, significant advances have occurred in surgery. Advances in CD include an emphasis upon conservatism as exemplified by more limited resections, strictureplasties, and laparoscopic resections. The use of probiotics in selected patients has improved the outcome in patients with pouchitis following restorative proctocolectomy for UC. It is anticipated that ongoing discoveries in the molecular basis of IBD will in turn identify those patients who will best respond to surgery.Robert E Roses John L Rombeau 2008World Journal of Gastroenterology2008,14,3:10
7Spatial sampling of terahertz fields with sub-wavelength accuracy via probe-beam encoding显示文摘Recently,computational sampling methods have been implemented to spatially characterize terahertz(THz)fields.Previous methods usually rely on either specialized THz devices such as THz spatial light modulators or complicated systems requiring assistance from photon-excited free carriers with high-speed synchronization among multiple optical beams.Here,by spatially encoding an 800-nm near-infrared(NIR)probe beam through the use of an optical SLM,we demonstrate a simple sampling approach that can probe THz fields with a single-pixel camera.This design does not require any dedicated THz devices,semiconductors or nanofilms to modulate THz fields.Using computational algorithms,we successfully measure 128×128 field distributions with a 62-μm transverse spatial resolution,which is 15 times smaller than the central wavelength of the THz signal(940μm).Benefitting from the noninvasive nature of THz radiation and sub-wavelength resolution of our system,this simple approach can be used in applications such as biomedical sensing,inspection of flaws in industrial products,and so on.Jiapeng Zhao Yiwen E Kaia Williams Xi-Cheng Zhang Robert W.Boyd 2019Light(Science & Applications)2019,8,1:10
8Cancer stem cell plasticity and tumor hierarchy显示文摘The origins of the complex process of intratumoral heterogeneity have been highly debated and different cellular mechanisms have been hypothesized to account for the diversity within a tumor. The clonal evolution and cancer stem cell(CSC) models have been proposed as drivers of this heterogeneity. However, the concept of cancer stem cell plasticity and bidirectional conversion between stem and non-stem cells has added additional complexity to these highly studied paradigms and may help explain the tumor heterogeneity observed in solid tumors. The process of cancer stem cell plasticity in which cancer cel s harbor the dynamic ability of shifting from a non-CSC state to a CSC state and vice versa may be modulated by specific microenvironmental signals and cellular interactions arising in the tumor niche. In addition to promoting CSC plasticity, these interactions may contribute to the cellular transformation of tumor cells and affect response to chemotherapeutic and radiation treatments by providing CSCs protection from these agents. Herein, we review the literature in support of this dynamic CSC state, discuss the effectors of plasticity, and examine their role in the development and treatment of cancer.Marina Carla Cabrera Robert E Hollingsworth Elaine M Hurt 2015World Journal of Stem Cells2015,7,1:8
9Evolution of surgical skills training显示文摘外科的训练正在变化:100 年传统被法律、道德的担心为耐心的安全,工作小时限制,手术室时间的费用,和复杂并发症正在质问。训练的外科的模拟和技巧提供一个机会在在生活病人上尝试他们前在手术室环境外面教并且练习先进技巧。当使用真实仪器和录像设备操作在一个盒子训练员模仿了“织物”,模拟训练能向前是同样直的。更先进的、虚拟现实模拟器现在为普遍使用可得到、准备好了。早系统表明了他们的有效性和歧视的能力。更新的系统启用全面课程和完整的程序的模拟的开发。医药教育是的毕业生的认证委员会(ACGME ) 要求了训练和评估的新奇方法的发展。外科的组织正在打电话让方法保证技巧的维护,并且,进展 surgical 训练信任外科医生作为技术上能干。在他们的当前的形式的模拟器被表明了改进外科的居民的手术室表演。训练课程标准化的开发仍然是一个迫切、重要的议程,特别地为最小的侵略外科。一条创新、进步的途径,从航空的域借经验,能为外科的训练的下一个世纪提供基础,保证产品的质量。当技术发展,我们练习的方法将继续演变,到医生和病人的利益。Kurt E Roberts Robert L Bell Andrew J Duffy 2006World Journal of Gastroenterology2006,12,20:8
10Method for rapid on-site identification of VOCs显示文摘Rapid on-site identification of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in ambient air is an important first step in remediation efforts. This study describes modification of a commercially available, portable GC/MS system and development of an analysis protocol for rapid (< 3 min) sampling and identification of VOCs typically found at contaminated sites at the low ppbv level.Justin D Fair William F Bailey Robert A Felty Amy E Gifford Benjamin Shultes Leslie H Volles 2009Journal of Environmental Sciences2009,21,7:8
11Association between calcium sensing receptor gene polymorphisms and chronic pancreatitis in a US population:Role of serine protease inhibitor Kazal 1type and alcohol显示文摘AIM: To test the hypothesis that calcium sensing receptor (CASR) polymorphisms are associated with chronic pancreatitis (CP), and to determine whether serine protease inhibitor Kazal 1type (SPINK1) N34S oralcohol are necessary co-factors in its etiology. METHODS: Initially, 115 subjects with pancreatitis and 66 controls were evaluated, of whom 57 patients and 21 controls were predetermined to carry the high-risk SPINK1 N34S polymorphism. We sequenced CASR gene exons 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7, areas containing the majority of reported polymorphisms and novel mutations. Based on the initial results, we added 223 patients and 239 controls to analyze three common nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in exon 7 (A986S, R990G, and Q1011E). RESULTS: The CASR exon 7 R990G polymorphism was signifi cantly associated with CP (OR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.12-3.59; P = 0.015). The association between CASR R990G and CP was stronger in subjects who reported moderate or heavy alcohol consumption (OR, 3.12; 95% CI, 1.14-9.13; P = 0.018). There was no association between the various CASR genotypes and SPINK1 N34S in pancreatitis. None of the novel CASR polymorphisms reported from Germany and India was detected. CONCLUSION: Our United States-based study confirmed an association of CASR and CP and for the first time demonstrated that CASR R990G is a signifi cant risk factor for CP. We also conclude that the risk of CP with CASR R990G is increased in subjects with moderate to heavy alcohol consumption.Venkata Muddana Janette Lamb Julia B Greer Beth Elinoff Robert H Hawes Peter B Cotton Michelle A Anderson Randall E Brand Adam Slivka David C Whitcomb 2008World Journal of Gastroenterology2008,14,28:7
12Recent trends in liver transplantation for alcoholic liver disease in the United States显示文摘AIM To examine temporal changes in the indications for liver transplantation(LT) and characteristics of patients transplanted for alcoholic liver disease(ALD).METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of trends in the indication for LT using the United Network for Organ Sharing(UNOS) database between 2002 and 2015. Patients were grouped by etiology of the liver disease and characteristics were compared using χ~2 and t-tests. Time series analysis was used identifying any year with a significant change in the number of transplants per year for ALD, and before and after eras were modeled using a general linear model. Subgroup analysis of recipients with ALD was performed by age group, gender, UNOS region and etiology(alcoholic cirrhosis, alcoholic hepatitis and hepatitis C-alcoholic cirrhosis dual listing).RESULTS Of 74216 liver transplant recipients, ALD(n = 9400, 12.7%) was the third leading indication for transplant after hepatitis C and hepatocellular carcinoma. Transplants for ALD, increased from 12.8%(553) in 2002 to 16.5%(1020) in 2015. Time series analysis indicated a significant increase in the number of transplants per year for ALD in 2013(P = 0.03). There were a stable number of transplants per year between 2002 and 2012(linear coefficient 3, 95%CI:-4.6, 11.2) an increase of 177 per year between 2013 and 2015(95%CI: 119, 234). This increase was significant for all age groups except those 71-83 years old, was observed for both genders, and was incompletely explained by a decrease in transplants for hepatitis C and ALD dual listing. All UNOS regions except region 9 saw an increase in the mean number of transplants per year when comparing eras, and this increase was significant in regions 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10 and 11.CONCLUSION There has been a dramatic increase in the number of transplants for ALD starting in 2013.Catherine E Kling James D Perkins Robert L Carithers Dennis M Donovan Lena Sibulesky 2017World Journal of Hepatology2017,9,36:6
13Multidisciplinary management of nonfunctional neuroendocrine tumor of the pancreas显示文摘Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors(PNETs) are a rare and diverse group of tumors; nonfunctional(NF) PNETs account for the majority of cases. Most patients with NF-PNETs have metastatic disease at the time of presentation. A variety of treatment modalities exist, including medical, liver directed, and surgical treatments. Aggressive surgical management is associated with prolonged survival, however available data are limited by selection bias and the frequent combination of PNETs with carcinoid tumors. Although few patients with metastatic disease will be cured, application of currently available therapies in a multidisciplinary setting can lead to excellent outcomes with prolonged patient survival.Ian W Folkert Paul Hernandez Robert E Roses 2016World Journal of Gastroenterology2016,22,11:6
14Clinical outcomes following salvage Gamma Knife radiosurgery for recurrent glioblastoma显示文摘Glioblastoma multiforme(GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor with a survival prognosis of 14-16 mo for the highest functioning patients. Despite aggressive, multimodal upfront therapies, the majority of GBMs will recur in approximately six months. Salvage therapy options for recurrent GBM(r GBM) are an area of intense research. This study compares recent survival and quality of life outcomes following Gamma Knife radiosurgery(GKRS) salvage therapy. Following a Pub Med search for studies usingGKRS as salvage therapy for malignant gliomas, nine articles from 2005 to July 2013 were identified which evaluated rG BM treatment. In this review, we compare overall survival following diagnosis, overall survival following salvage treatment, progression-free survival, time to recurrence, local tumor control, and adverse radiation effects. This report discusses results for rG BM patient populations alone, not for mixed populations with other tumor histology grades. All nine studies reported median overall survival rates(from diagnosis, range:16.7-33.2 mo; from salvage, range:9-17.9 mo). Three studies identified median progression-free survival(range:4.6-14.9 mo). Two showed median time to recurrence of GBM. Two discussed local tumor control. Six studies reported adverse radiation effects(range:0%-46% of patients). The greatest survival advantages were seen in patients who received GKRS salvage along with other treatments, like resection or bevacizumab, suggesting that appropriately tailored multimodal therapy should be considered with each rG BM patient. However, there needs to be a randomized clinical trial to test GKRS for rG BM before the possibility of selection bias can be dismissed.Erik W Larson Halloran E Peterson Wayne T Lamoreaux Alexander R MacKay Robert K Fairbanks Jason A Call Jonathan D Carlson Benjamin C Ling John J Demakas Barton S Cooke Christopher M Lee 2014World Journal of Clinical Oncology2014,5,2:5
15Model combining pre-transplant tumor biomarkers and tumor size shows more utility in predicting hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence and survival than the BALAD models显示文摘AIM To assess the performance of BALAD, BALAD-2 and their component biomarkers in predicting outcome of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) patients after liver transplant.METHODS BALAD score and BALAD-2 class are derived from bilirubin, albumin, alpha-fetoprotein(AFP), Lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive AFP(AFP-L3), and des-gammacarboxyprothrombin(DCP). Pre-transplant AFP, AFP-L3 and DCP were measured in 113 patients transplanted for HCC from 2000 to 2008. Hazard ratios(HR) for recurrence and death were calculated. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were conducted. C-statistics were used to compare biomarker-based to predictive models. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 12.2 years, 38 patients recurred and 87 died. The HRs for recurrence in patients with elevated AFP, AFP-L3, and DCP defined by BALAD cut-off values were 2.42(1.18-5.00), 1.86(0.98-3.52), and 2.83(1.42-5.61), respectively. For BALAD, the HRs for recurrence and death per unit increased score were 1.48(1.15-1.91) and 1.59(1.28-1.97). For BALAD-2, the HRs for recurrence and death per unit increased class were 1.45(1.06-1.98) and 1.38(1.09-1.76). For recurrence prediction, the combination of three biomarkers had the highest c-statistic of 0.66 vs. 0.64, 0.61, 0.53, and 0.53 for BALAD, BALAD-2, Milan, and UCSF, respectively. Similarly, for death prediction, the combination of three biomarkers had the highest c-statistic of 0.66 vs 0.65,0.61, 0.52, and 0.50 for BALAD, BALAD-2, Milan, and UCSF. A new model combining biomarkers with tumor size at the time of transplant(S-LAD) demonstrated the highest predictive capability with c-statistics of 0.71 and 0.69 for recurrence and death. CONCLUSION BALAD and BALAD-2 are valid in transplant HCC patients, but less predictive than the three biomarkers in combination or the three biomarkers in combination with maximal tumor diameter(S-LAD).Nicha Wongjarupong Gabriela M Negron-Ocasio Roongruedee Chaiteerakij Benyam D Addissie Essa A Mohamed Kristin C Mara William S Harmsen J Paul Theobald Brian E Peters Joseph G Balsanek Melissa M Ward Nasra H Giama Sudhakar K Venkatesh Denise M Harnois Michael R Charlton Hiroyuki Yamada Alicia Algeciras-Schimnich Melissa R Snyder Terry M Therneau Lewis R Roberts 2018World Journal of Gastroenterology2018,24,12:5
16Pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer:A case of the chicken or the egg显示文摘Acute pancreatitis(AP),chronic pancreatitis(CP)and pancreatic cancer are three distinct pancreatic diseases with different prognoses and treatment options.However,it may be difficult to differentiate between benign and malignant disease.AP may be a first symptom of pancreatic cancer,particularly in patients between the ages of 56 and 75 with presumed idiopathic AP who had a concomitant diagnosis of new-onset diabetes mellitus or patients who present with CP at diagnosis of AP.In these patients,additional imaging is warranted,preferably by endoscopic ultrasonography.CP may lead to pancreatic cancer through oncogenic mutations,mostly in patients with hereditary CP,and in patients in whom risk factors for pancreatic cancer(e.g.,nicotine and alcohol abuse)are also present.Patients with PRSS1-mediated CP and patients with a history of autosomal dominant hereditary CP without known genetic mutations may be considered for surveillance for pancreatic cancer.Pancreatic inflammation may mimic pancreatic cancer by appearing as a focal mass-forming lesion on imaging.Differentiation between the above mentioned benign and malignant disease may be facilitated by specific features like the duct-penetrating sign and the duct-to-parenchyma ratio.Research efforts are aimed towards developing a superior discriminant between pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer in the form of imaging modalities or biomarkers.This may aid clinicians in timely diagnosing pancreatic cancer in a potentially curable stage.Devica S Umans Sanne A Hoogenboom Noor J Sissingh Selma J Lekkerkerker Robert C Verdonk Jeanin E van Hooft 2021World Journal of Gastroenterology2021,27,23:5
17Sofosbuvir and ledipasvir fixed-dose combination with and without ribavirin in treatment-naive and previously treated patients with genotype 1 hepatitis C virus infection (LONESTAR): an open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial显示文摘Eric Lawitz Fred F Poordad Phillip S Pang Robert H Hyland Xiao Ding Hongmei Mo William T Symonds John G McHutchison Fernando E Membreno 2013The Lancet2013,,:5
18International NeuroAIDS: prospects of HIV-1 associated neurological com-plications显示文摘Neurological complications associated with HIV-1/AIDS are being recognized with a high frequency that parallels the increased number of AIDS cases. The early infiltration by HIV-1 into the nervous system can cause primary and/or secondary neurological complications. The most common neurocognitive disorder is AIDS Dementia Complex (ADC). In developing countries of Asia the three most opportunistic infections are tuberculosis (TB), cryptococcosis, and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Therefore, it is expected that secondary neurological complications due to TB and cryptococcosis will be the most common cause of morbility and mortality in HIV-1/AIDS cases in China. Research of NeuroAIDS in China is necessary to understand the impact and the biology of HIV-1 in the nervous system. Future studies would include, the molecular epidemiology and the description of opportunistic infections associated to HIV-1; the neuropathological description of primary and secondary HIV-1 complications in different groups; the HIV-1 neurot- ropism and immune response studies for China’s unique HIV-1 strains and recombinant forms derived from the nervous system, including experimental models such as the use of transgenic rats; and the study of potential resistant virus, primarily when the anti-retroviral therapy (ART) has not full access in the brain.J Roberto TRUJILLO Gilberto JARAMILLO-RANGEL Marta ORTEGA-MARTINEZ Augusto C PENALVA de OLIVEIRA Jose E VIDAL Joseph BRYANT Robert C GALLO 2005Cell Research2005,15,11:4
19Adiponectin downregulation is associated with volume overload-induced myocyte dysfunction in rats显示文摘目的: Adiponectin 被报导了在在体积的病理学的室的改变,而是 adiponectin 的角色期间施加保护的效果导致超载的心失败遗体不清楚。在这研究,我们在心脏的 myocyte 上调查了 adiponectin 的效果在 rats.Methods 的可收缩的机能障碍追随者体积超载: 体积超载被 infrarenal 主动脉静脉 cava 通过手术在老鼠导致管。老鼠是在 2- 的静脉内地管理的 adenoviral adiponectin, 6 星期、 9 星期的后面的管。adiponectin, adiponectin 受体(AdipoR1/R2 和 T-cadherin ) 和 AMPK 活动的蛋白质表示用西方的污点分析被测量。孤立的室的 myocytes 在管以后的 12 个星期被准备检验 myocytes 和细胞内部的 Ca 2+ transient.Results 的可收缩的表演: A-V 管在浆液和心肌的 adiponectin 层次导致了重要减小,心肌的 adiponectin 受体(AdipoR1/R2 和 T-cadherin ) 层次,以及心肌的 AMPK 活动。与这些变化一致,孤立的 myocytes 在房间弄短和细胞内部的 Ca 2+ 展出了重要消沉短暂。adenoviral adiponectin 的管理显著地增加了浆液 adiponectin 层次并且阻止了 myocyte 在管老鼠的可收缩的机能障碍。而且,有 recombinant adiponectin 的孤立的 myocytes 的预告的处理(2.5 μ g/mL ) 显著地在管老鼠改进了他们的可收缩的性能,但是没在控制或 adenoviral 有效果管理 adiponectin 的 rats.Conclusion : 这些结果表明在 adiponectin downregulation 和体积之间的积极关联导致超载的室的改变。Adiponectin 在体积起一个保护的作用导致超载的心失败。Li-li WANG Dori MILLER Desiree WANDERS Gayani NANAYAKKARA Rajesh AMIN Robert JUDD Edward E MORRI-SON Ju-ming ZHONG 2016Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2016,37,2:4
20Effects of radiotherapy with concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide versus radiotherapy alone on survival in glioblastoma in a randomised phase III study: 5-year analysis of the EORTC-NCIC trial显示文摘Roger Stupp Monika E Hegi Warren P Mason Martin J van den Bent Martin JB Taphoorn Robert C Janzer Samuel K Ludwin Anouk Allgeier Barbara Fisher Karl Belanger Peter Hau Alba A Brandes Johanna Gijtenbeek Christine Marosi Charles J Vecht Karima Mokhtari Piet 2009Lancet Oncology2009,,5:4
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