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| 1 | Detection of tumor stem cell markers in pancreatic carcinoma cell lines显示文摘BACKGROUND: Cancer of the pancreas is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in industrialized countries. In malignancy, actively proliferating cells may be effectively targeted and killed by anti-cancer therapies, but stem cells may survive and support re-growth of the tumor. Thus, new strategies for the treatment of cancer clearly will also have to target cancer stem cells. The goal of the present study was to determine whether pancreatic carcinoma cell growth may be driven by a subpopulation of cancer stem cells. Because previous data implicated ABCG2 and CD133 as stem cell markers in hematopoietic and neural stem/progenitor cells, we analyzed the expression of these two proteins in pancreatic carcinoma cell lines. METHODS: Five established pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell lines were analyzed. Total RNA was isolated and real- time RT-PCR was performed to determine the expression of ABCG2 and CD133. Surface expression of ABCG2 and CD133 was analyzed by flow cytometric analysis. RESULTS: All pancreatic carcinoma cell lines tested expressed significantly higher levels of ABCG2 than non-malignant fibroblasts or two other malignant non- pancreatic cell lines, i.e., SaOS2 osteosarcoma and SKOV3 ovarian cancer. Elevated CD133 expression was found in two out of five pancreatic carcinoma cell lines tested. Using flow cytometric analysis we confirmed surface expression of ABCG2 in all five lines. Yet, CD133 surface expression was detectable in the two cell lines, A818-6 and PancTu1, which exhibited higher mRNA levels.CONCLUSIONS: Two stem cell markers, ABCG2 and CD133 are expressed in pancreatic carcinoma cell lines. ABCG2 and/or CD133 positive cells may represent subpopulation of putative cancer stem cells also in this malignancy. Because cancer stem cells are thought to be responsible for tumor initiation and its recurrence after an initial response to chemotherapy, they may be a very promising target for new drug developments. | Monika Olempska Patricia Alice Eisenach Ole Ammerpohl Hendrik Ungefroren Fred Fandrich Holger Kalthoff | 2007 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2007，6，1： | 69 |
| 2 | Evolutionary History of the Non-Specific Lipid Transfer Proteins显示文摘非特定的类脂化合物转移蛋白质(nsLTPs ) 小、基本蛋白质由一个像隧道的恐水病的洞被描绘,能够转移在类脂化合物 bilayers 之间的各种各样的类脂化合物分子。大多数 nsLTPs 与本地化蛋白质到 apoplastic 空格的 N 终端信号肽被综合。nsLTPs 仅仅在种子植物被识别了,在他们被大基因家庭编码的地方。我们从非种子陆地植物和绿水藻用 genomic 和 EST 信息开始了 nsLTP 家庭的进化历史的分析决定:(1 ) 当 nsLTP 家庭产生了时,(2 ) 经常新的 nsLTP 亚科怎么被创造了,并且(3 ) 亚科怎么在不同植物系在他们扩大和损失的模式不同。在这研究,我们寻找了顺序数据库并且发现编码 nsLTPs 的基因和抄本充满地钱,苔藓,和另外的调查陆地种的所有,然而并非在任何水藻介绍。代表性的地钱和苔藓 nsLTPs 的第三级的结构进一步与相同建模被学习。在植物征服了土地以后,结果显示 nsLTP 家庭演变。仅仅, nsLTPs 的四个主要亚科中的二个在 flowering 植物发现了在苔藓和地钱是在场的。另外的亚科以后产生了,在陆地植物进化期间。在这份报告,我们也介绍一个修改 nsLTP 分类系统。 | Monika M. Edstam Lenita Viitanen Tiina A. Salminen Johan Edqvist | 2011 | Molecular Plant2011，4，6： | 18 |
| 3 | Etiology and functional status of liver cirrhosis by ^(31)P MR spectroscopy显示文摘AIM: To assess the functional status and etiology of liver cirrhosis by quantitative 31p magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS).METHODS: A total of 80 patients with liver cirrhosis of different etiology and functional status described by Child-Pugh score were examined and compared to 11 healthy volunteers. MR examination was performed on a 1.5 T imager using a 1H/31P surface coil by the 2D chemical shift imaging technique.Absolute concentrations of phosphomonoesters (PME),phosphodiesters (PDE), inorganic phosphate (Pi) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) were measured.RESULTS: MRS changes reflected the degree of liver dysfunction in all the patients as well as in individual etiological groups. The most important change was a decrease of PDE. It was possible to distinguish alcoholic,viral and cholestatic etiologies based on MR spectra.Alcoholic and viral etiology differed in PDE (alcoholic,viral, controls: 6.5±2.3, 6.5±3.1, 10.8±2.7 mmol/L,P<0.001) and ATP (alcoholic, viral, controls: 2.9±0.8, 2.8±0.9, 3.7±1.0 mmol/L, P<0.01) from the control group.Unlike viral etiology, patients with alcoholic etiology also differed in Pi (alcoholic, controls: 1.2±0.4, 1.6±0.6mmol/L, P<0.05) from controls. No significant changes were found in patients with cholestatic disease and controls; nevertheless, this group differed from both alcoholic and viral groups (cholestatic, alcoholic, viral: 9.4±2.7, 6.5±2.3, 6.5±3.1 mmol/L, P<0.005) in PDE.CONCLUSION: 31p MRS can significantly help in noninvasive separation of different etiological groups leading to liver cirrhosis. In addition, MRS changes reflect functional liver injury. | Monika Dezortova Pavel Taimr Antonin Skoch Julius Spicak Milan Hajek | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，44： | 17 |
| 4 | 不同改性Hummers法合成氧化石墨(英文)显示文摘通过不同的Hummers法和重铬酸钠氧化法,以商业石墨为原料,合成出不同氧含量和官能团的氧化石墨。采用元素分析、FTIR、XPS、SEM和XRD对氧化石墨进行化学和结构表征。重铬酸钾氧化能得到一种氧含量低的氧化石墨,主要形成羟基和环氧基。Hummers法是更有效的一种氧化方法。使用Na NO3氧化2 h,得到的氧化石墨具有最高的氧含量(>40 wt%),形成C—O和C=O键。SEM和XRD结果表明,在这些条件中,Hummers法合成的氧化石墨的石墨层间距最大。因此,用相同的氧化方法,通过改变反应条件能调控氧化石墨的化学结构。 | Roksana Muzyka Monika Kwoka Lukasz Smedowski Noel Díez Grazyna Gryglewicz | 2017 | 新型炭材料2017，32，1： | 16 |
| 5 | Implant biomaterials: A comprehensive review显示文摘Appropriate selection of the implant biomaterial is a key factor for long term success of implants. The biologic environment does not accept completely any material so to optimize biologic performance, implants should be selected to reduce the negative biologic response while maintaining adequate function. Every clinician should always gain a thorough knowledge about thedifferent biomaterials used for the dental implants. This article makes an effort to summarize various dental biomaterials which were used in the past and as well as the latest material used now. | Monika Saini Yashpal Singh Pooja Arora Vipin Arora Krati Jain | 2015 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2015，3，1： | 15 |
| 6 | Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal colonization of Glycyrrhiza glabra roots enhances plant biomass,phosphorus uptake and concentration of root secondary metabolites显示文摘Arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)fungi penetrate the cortical cells of the roots of vascular plants,and are widely distributed in soil.The formation of these symbiotic bodies accelerates the absorption and utilization of mineral elements,enhances plant resistance to stress,boosts the growth of plants,and increases the survival rate of transplanted seedlings.We studied the effects of various arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi on the growth and development of licorice(Glycyrrhiza glabra).Several species of AM,such as Glomus mosseae,Glomus intraradices,and a mixture of fungi(G.mosseae,G.intraradices,G.cladoideum,G.microagregatum,G.caledonium and G.etunicatum)were used in our study.Licorice growth rates were determined by measuring the colonization rate of the plants by the fungi,plant dry biomass,phosphorus concentration and concentration of secondary metabolites.We established two cloned strains of licorice,clone 3(C3)and clone 6(C6)to exclude the effect of genotypic variations.Our results showed that the AM fungi could in fact increase the leaf and root biomass,as well as the phosphorus concentration in each clone.Furthermore,AM fungi significantly increased the yield of certain secondary metabolites in clone 3.Our study clearly demonstrated that AM fungi play an important role in the enhancement of growth and development of licorice plants.There was also a significant improvement in the secondary metabolite content and yield of medicinal compounds from the roots. | HongLing LIU Yong TAN Monika NELL Karin ZITTER-EGLSEER Chris WAWSCRAH Brigitte KOPP ShaoMing WANG Johannes NOVAK | 2014 | Journal of Arid Land2014，6，2： | 13 |
| 7 | Mutation of the Arabidopsis Calmodulin-Like Protein CML37 Deregulates the Jasmonate Pathway and Enhances Susceptibility to Herbivory显示文摘在整个他们的生活,植物被各种各样的不能生活、关於生命的压力因素质问。在那些之中是从食草的昆虫的攻击。位于草食动物和随后的信号 transduction 的察觉下面的分子的机制很好没被理解。作为第二个送信人,在细胞内部的 Ca 2+ 层次的流动在调停起一个关键作用压力反应小径。Ca 2+ 信号被象象 calmodulin 一样蛋白质(电流型逻辑) 那样的 Ca 2+ 传感器蛋白质译码。这里,我们证明 recombinant CML37 在 vitro 象一个 Ca 2+ 传感器一样表现并且在 Arabidopsis, AtCML37 被机械伤害以及由群袭与通晓各方面知识经验丰富的人的幼虫导致鳞翅类的草食动物 Spodoptera littoralis。CML37 的功能的损失导致了建议 CML37 是一个积极防卫管理者的幼虫的更好的喂表演。尽管在 jasmonates 的累积的重要减小被观察,在象 glucosinolates 或 flavonoids 那样的第二等的代谢物的导致 herbivory 的变化都没在 cml37 植物被检测,由于 JAR1 mRNA 和细胞的酶活动的减少的表示。因而, jasmonate 应答的基因的表示也被减少。总结,我们的结果建议 Ca 2+ 传感器蛋白质, CML37,在在 herbivory,连接 Ca 2+ 并且 jasmonate 发信号期间发信号的 Ca 2+ 作为一个积极管理者工作。 | Sandra S. Scholz Jyothilakshmi Vadassery Monika Heyer Michael Reichelt Kyle W. Bender Wayne A. Snedden Wilhelm Boland Axel Mithofer | 2014 | Molecular Plant2014，7，12： | 11 |
| 8 | The value of testicular 'mapping' in men with non-obstructive azoospermia显示文摘 | Monika E Beliveau Paul J Turek | 2011 | Asian Journal of Andrology2011，13，2： | 11 |
| 9 | Higher vitamin D serum concentration increases health related quality of life in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases显示文摘AIM: To investigate the effect of vitamin D(VD) concentrations and VD supplementation on health related quality of life in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) patients. METHODS: A cohort of 220 IBD patients including 141 Crohn's disease(CD) and 79 ulcerative colitis(UC) patients was followed-up at a tertiary IBD center. A subgroup of the cohort(n = 26) took VD supplements for > 3 mo. Health related quality of life was assessed using the short IBD questionnaire(s IBDQ). VD serum concentration and s IBDQ score were assessed between August and October 2012(summer/autumn period) and between February and April 2013(winter/spring period). The mean VD serum concentration and its correlation with disease activity of CD were determined for each season separately. In a subgroup of patients, the effects of VD supplementation on winter VD serum concentration, change in VD serum concentration from summer to winter, and winter s IBDQ score were analyzed.RESULTS: During the summer/autumn and the winter/spring period, 28% and 42% of IBD patients were VD-deficient(< 20 ng/m L), respectively. In the winter/spring period, there was a significant correlation between s IBDQ score and VD serum concentration in UC patients(r = 0.35, P = 0.02), with a trend towards significance in CD patients(r = 0.17, P = 0.06). In the winter/spring period, VD-insufficient patients(< 30 ng/m L) had a significantly lower mean s IBDQ score than VD-sufficient patients; this was true of both UC(48.3 ± 2.3 vs 56.7 ± 3.4, P = 0.04) and CD(55.7 ± 1.25 vs 60.8 ± 2.14, P = 0.04) patients. In all analyzed scenarios(UC/CD, the summer/autumn period and the winter/spring period), health related quality of life was the highest in patients with VD serum concentrations of 50-59 ng/m L. Supplementation with a median of 800 IU/d VD day did not influence VD serum concentration or the s IBDQ score.CONCLUSION: VD serum concentration correlated with health related quality of life in UC and CD patients during the winter/spring period. | Tibor Hlavaty Anna Krajcovicova Tomas Koller Jozef Toth Monika Nevidanska Martin Huorka Juraj Payer | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，42： | 11 |
| 10 | Plant Small RNAs: Biogenesis, Mode of Action and Their Roles in Abiotic Stresses显示文摘Small RNAs (sRNAs) are 18-30 nt non-coding regulatory elements found in diverse organisms, which were initially identified as small double-stranded RNAs in Caenorhabditis elegans. With the development of new and improved technologies, sRNAs have also been identified and characterized in plant systems. Among them, micro RNAs (miRNAs) and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are found to be very important riboregulators in plants. Various types of sRNAs differ in their mode of biogenesis and in their function of gene regulation. sRNAs are involved in gene regulation at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. They are known to regulate growth and development of plants. Furthermore, sRNAs especially plant miRNAs have been found to be involved in various stress responses, such as oxidative, mineral nutrient deficiency, dehydration, and even mechanical stimulus. Therefore, in the present review, we focus on the current understanding of biogenesis and regulatory mechanisms of plant sRNAs and their responses to various abiotic stresses. | Praveen Guleria Monika Mahajan Jyoti Bhardwaj Sudesh Kumar Yadav | 2011 | Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics2011，9，6： | 10 |
| 11 | 海南石碌铁矿独居石的成因类型、化学定年及地质意义显示文摘海南石碌铁矿是我国最大的富赤铁矿矿床,同时伴生有钴、铜等多金属矿产。轴向北西-南东向的复式向斜是石碌铁、钴铜矿体的主要控矿构造,富铁矿和钴铜矿的形成与该褶皱变形及伴随的韧性剪切和高温塑性流动有着密切的关系。为获得该构造变形的年代学信息和证实构造变形对成矿物质的富集影响,本文开展了石碌铁矿近矿围岩-石碌群第六层透辉石透闪石岩中独居石的显微结构观察和电子探针化学Th—U—Pb定年(CHIME法)。显微结构观察发现独居石往往沿岩石面理定向分布,且具典型的球冠结构,表现为围绕独居石核部向外依次出现磷灰石、褐帘石、绿帘石同心环。电子探针分析结果表明这些独居石为Ce—La-Nd磷酸盐[(Ce,La,Nd,Th)PO4],具富钍独居石端元组分。ThO2含量范围(0.78%-4.61%)、稀土特征以及独居石的产出特征均暗示了其为同构造变质成因。电子探针CHIME化学定年结果表明独居石的年龄变化范围为614—397Ma,并具有两个峰值年龄:即主峰值ca.455Ma和次峰值ca.564Ma。低的ThO2(0.78%-1.65%),PbO(0.02%~0.04%)和CaO(0.50%-0.97%)含量,以及高的Th/U比值(23.06—53.11)暗示了构成ca.564Ma的独居石是早期剪切变形事件的产物。而在随后剪切变形过程中独居石在低角闪岩相变质条件下以及碱性变质流体诱导下发生了溶解-再沉淀,形成了具ca.455Ma年龄的补丁状成分区。该过程引起了U—Pb体系的局部重置,形成的独居石具有变化较大的ThO2(0.92%-4.61%)、PbO(0.01%~0.08%)和CaO(0.28%~1.58%)含量范围以及Th/U值(24.83—52.86)。在剪切变形之后,早期变质成因的独居石在绿片岩相退变质作用过程中及富Ca、Fe、Si、Al流体参与的条件下,经不平衡反应形成了磷灰石-褐帘石-绿帘石球冠物,反应机制以独居石和球冠矿物间的元素扩散动力学为主。该反应暗示了REE、Y、Th等元素发生了迁移,并可能引起边部独居石的部分Pb丢失。结合华南的构造演化,年龄谱主峰值455Ma代表了与华南加里东造山运动有关的区域变质和动力变质作用事件年龄,是加里东运动在海南岛的响应;次峰值年龄564Ma对应着冈瓦纳泛非事件,暗示了华南在晚新元古代-早古生代与冈瓦纳大陆具有亲缘性,华南加里东运动引起陆内造山过程可能与冈瓦纳大陆的聚合碰撞事件有关。因此,晚新元古代-早古生代造山事件对海南岛构造演化历史具重要影响。此外,该构造运动使石碌群发生褶皱变形,伴随产生的变质流体使铁、钴铜成矿元素进一步活化和富集,对石碌铁、钴铜矿的富集有着重要影响。 | 王智琳 许德如 MONIKA Agnieszka Kusiak 吴传军 于亮亮 | 2015 | 岩石学报2015，31，1： | 9 |
| 12 | Global methylation status of sperm DNA in carriers of chromosome structural aberrations显示文摘男不孕可能清楚地在人的精子与异常 DNA methylation 模式被联系。在氧化应力和精子染色体的全球 methylation 地位之间的一个协会也被建议了。现在的学习的目的是决定全球精子 DNA methylation 地位是否在染色体的搬运人的精子被影响结构的错误。在 5-methylcytosine 之间的关系(m 5 C ) 在精子和染色质正直地位的层次被评估。学习病人包括了染色体的男搬运人有繁殖失败的结构的错误(n = 24 ) ,并且控制包括了 normozoospermic 精子志愿者(n = 23 ) 。全球 m 5 C 水平用薄层的层析(TLC ) 和 immunofluorescence 被测量(如果) 技术。精子染色质正直用染色的苯胺蓝色(AB ) 和 TUNEL 试金被估计。吝啬的 m 5 C 层次在调查染色体之间是类似的结构的错误搬运人(P) 和控制(K) 。然而,精子染色质完整测试比在控制在 chromosomal 重新整理搬运人揭示了显著地更高的值(P <0.05 ) 。尽管在精子染色质正直地位和精子 DNA 破碎和 m 5在两个都分析的组( P 对 K )并列的 C 水平以一种清楚地相反的方式被代表,低染色质正直可能与在染色体的搬运人观察的精子 DNA 的高 hypomethylation 地位被联系结构的错误。 | Marta Olszewska Miroslawa Z Barciszewska Monika Fraczek Nataliya Huleyuk Vyacheslav B chernykh Danuta Zastavna Jan Barciszewski Maciej Kurpisz | 2017 | Asian Journal of Andrology2017，19，1： | 8 |
| 13 | Potential triggering factors of acute liver failure as a first manifestation of autoimmune hepatitis-a single center experience of 52 adult patients显示文摘AIM To investigate potential triggering factors leading to acute liver failure(ALF) as the initial presentation of autoimmune hepatitis(AIH).METHODS A total of 565 patients treated at our Department between 2005 and 2017 for histologically-proven AIH were retrospectively analyzed. However, 52 patients(9.2%) fulfilled the criteria for ALF defined by the 'American Association for the Study of the Liver(AASLD)'. According to this definition, patients with 'acute-on-chronic' or 'acute-on-cirrhosis' liver failure were excluded. Following parameters with focus on potential triggering factors were evaluated: Patients' demographics, causation of liver failure, laboratory data(liver enzymes, MELD-score, autoimmune markers, virus serology), liver histology, immunosuppressive regime, and finally, outcome of our patients.RESULTS The majority of patients with ALF were female(84.6%) and mean age was 43.6 ± 14.9 years. Interestingly, none of the patients with ALF was positive for antiliver kidney microsomal antibody(LKM). We could identify potential triggering factors in 26/52(50.0%) of previously healthy patients presenting ALF as their first manifestation of AIH. These were drug-induced ALF(57.7%), virus-induced ALF(30.8%), and preceding surgery in general anesthesia(11.5%), respectively. Unfortunately, 6 out of 52 patients(11.5%) did not survive ALF and 3 patients(5.7%) underwent liver transplantation(LT). Comparing data of survivors and patients with non-recovery following treatment, MELDscore(P < 0.001), age(P < 0.05), creatinine(P < 0.01), and finally, ALT-values(P < 0.05) reached statistical significance. CONCLUSION Drugs, viral infections, and previous surgery may trigger ALF as the initial presentation of AIH. Advanced age and high MELD-score were associated with lethal outcome. | Matthias Buechter Paul Manka Falko Markus Heinemann Monika Lindemann Hideo Andreas Baba Martin Schlattjan Ali Canbay Guido Gerken Alisan Kahraman | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，13： | 8 |
| 14 | Magnetic resonance imaging in children and adolescents with chronic inflammatory bowel disease显示文摘Inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD) represent challenges, both from a diagnostic, and therapeutic point of view. Deep-seated anatomic structures are difficult to assess by ultrasound technique alone. As radiation-free alternative cross-sectional imaging method, magnetic resonance imaging of the intestinal structures is costly and time-consuming. Examination of pediatric patients imply additional considerations: reduction of body motions in younger children and consideration of the most appropriate preparation, and examination technique. The demanding Sellink technique is the only means for appropriately distending the lesser intestine in order to detect small bowel strictures. Oral intake of contrast medium(CM) alone shows its limitations regarding distensibility. The need for intravenous contrast media application needs to be considered, too. Active inflammation of both intestinal wall, and mesentery can be demonstrated accurately. Nevertheless, viable alternatives to CM application is desirable, considering non-negligible adverse reactions. Recent data suggest diffusion weighted imaging might fill this diagnostic gap. Irrespective of sequence technique chosen, bowel movement remains a major obstacle. Antispasmolytics in their function as smooth muscle relaxants help in improving image quality, however, their use in children might be off-label. Optimal preparation for the examination and appropriate imaging technique allow for diagnosing typical patterns of changes in IBD, such as bowel wall thickening, ulcers, mural stratification, strictures, creeping fat, and comb sign, and lymphadenopathy. The article gives a detailed overview of current significance of magnetic resonance imaging pediatric patients suffering from IBD, considering indications, limitations, and safety aspects. | Hans-Joachim Mentzel Steffen Reinsch Monika Kurzai Martin Stenzel | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，5： | 8 |
| 15 | 基于免疫遗传算法的三维大脑图像分割(英文)显示文摘利用最大熵多阈值方法对三维大脑数据进行分割时,穷尽搜索法耗时长,而简单遗传算法的搜索结果又不够稳定和精确。针对该问题,提出了一种免疫遗传和模拟退火相结合的新算法来快速求解全局最大熵。与简单遗传算法相比,免疫遗传算法采用了更佳的选择操作,以确保更多不同个体被选择来保存种群的多样性,而模拟退火机制用于拉伸免疫遗传算法的适应度函数。算法给出了选择概率的一般表达式,并采用精英策略和自适应的交叉、变异机制以改善算法的收敛性。基于IDL平台的100次仿真结果表明,三维大脑数据被成功地分为:脑白质、脑灰质和脑脊液三部分,且与简单遗传算法和传统免疫遗传算法相比,本文算法在稳定性和精确性上更具优势。 | 王毅 樊养余 牛奕龙 Monika Lehmpfuhl 齐敏 郝重阳 | 2008 | 系统仿真学报2008，20，15： | 8 |
| 16 | 幼儿对条件许诺的理解显示文摘通过给 4、5、6岁儿童呈现一系列图片 ,分别代表孩子、妈妈以及双方违反约定的不同情况 ,考察了幼儿对条件许诺形式的社会约定的理解。结果表明 :幼儿对条件许诺的认知表现出明显的发展趋势 ,绝大多数幼儿都能指出孩子违反 ,随年龄增大能指出妈妈违反、双违反的人次百分比逐渐增多 ,其中 4岁组没有人能指出妈妈违反 ,5岁组没有人能指出双违反 ;幼儿对条件许诺中不同角色违背的检测存在“角色效应”和“同侪违背优先检测效应” ;多数幼儿还没有将条件许诺理解为双条件规则。 | 刘国雄 方富熹 Monika Keller | 2003 | 心理学报2003，35，5： | 8 |
| 17 | Fungal genus Hypocrea/Trichoderma:from barcodes to biodiversity显示文摘Hypocrea/Trichoderma is a genus of soil-borne or wood-decaying fungi containing members important to mankind as producers of industrial enzymes and biocontrol agents against plant pathogens, but also as opportunistic pathogens of immuno- compromised humans and animals, while others can cause damage to cultivated mushroom. With the recent advent of a reliable, BarCode-aided identification system for all known taxa of Trichoderma and Hypocrea, it became now possible to study some of the biological fundamentals of the diversity in this fungal genus in more detail. In this article, we will therefore review recent progress in (1) the understanding of the geographic distribution of individual taxa; (2) mechanisms of speciation leading to development of mushroom diseases and facultative human mycoses; and (3) the possible correlation of specific traits of secondary metabolism and molecular phylogeny. | Christian P.KUBICEK Monika KOMON-ZELAZOWSKA Irina S.DRUZHININA | 2008 | Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology)2008，9，10： | 7 |
| 18 | Shoot-Specific Down-Regulation of Protein Farnesyltransferase (α-Subunit) for Yield Protection against Drought in Canola显示文摘Canola (Brassica 马来麝 L.) 是在世界和它的种子收益上的最重要的 oilseed 庄稼之一,质量被干旱应力显著地影响。作为对水赤字的天生、适应的回答,陆地植物由植物激素 abscisic 酸(骆驼毛的织物) 的快速的生合成避免潜在的损坏,它触发有气孔的闭合减少 transpirational 水损失。调停骆驼毛的织物的有气孔的反应是一个剂量依赖者过程;因此,为完成干旱回避的一条遗传工程途径能是敏化警卫房间的应答到这荷尔蒙。最近的基因研究作为在警卫房间控制骆驼毛的织物敏感的一个关键否定管理者指出了蛋白质 farnesyltransferase。我们以前证明了编码 farnesyltransferase (ERA1 ) 的 Arabidopsis 子单元的基因的下面规定提高植物的敏感到骆驼毛的织物和干旱忍耐。尽管 farnesyltransferase (AtFTA ) 的子单元也在骆驼毛的织物察觉到被含有,使用如此的一个基因目标在庄稼植物改进干旱忍耐的有效性没被验证。这里,我们报导 Arabidopsis hydroxypyruvate reductase (AtHPR1 ) 的倡导者的鉴定和描述,它在射击并且不在象根那样的非光合的纸巾明确地表示。AtHPR1 的倡导者区域包含元素和我们证实了的很好描绘的脱水应答的行动 cis 的核心主题那 AtHPR1 表情由干旱应力是可诱导的。在用驾驶 RNAi 构造的 AtHPR1 倡导者的 canola 的 FTA 的有条件、特定的下面规定在这块地里对干旱应力导致了收益保护。用这分子的策略,我们在在这重要庄稼种设计干旱忍耐取得了重要进步。 | Yang Wang Michelle Beaith Maryse Chalifoux Jifeng Ying Tina Uchacz Carlene Sarvas Rebecca Griffiths Monika Kuzma Jiangxin Wan Yafan Huang | 2009 | Molecular Plant2009，2，1： | 7 |
| 19 | Analysis of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 gene polymorphism in patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis显示文摘AIM:To investigate a genetic polymorphism of the monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1 ) gene in patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP).METHODS:MCP-1 genotyping was performed in 23 patients with SBP and 83 cirrhotic control patients with non-infected ascites.RESULTS:The frequency of carriers of the G-allele was lower in SBP patients but this difference did not reach statistical significance. However,in the subgroup of patients with alcoholic cirrhosis (n=80),carriers of the G-allele were significantly less frequent in SBP-patients (38.1%) than in cirrhotic controls (67.8%,P=0.021). CONCLUSION:In patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis,the-2518 MCP-1 genotype AA is a risk factor for the development of SBP. | Erwin Gbele Marcus Mhlbauer Hartwig Paulo Monika Johann Christin Meltzer Franz Leidl Norbert Wodarz Reiner Wiest Jrgen Schlmerich Claus Hellerbrand | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，44： | 7 |
| 20 | 有效微生物用于奶牛场污水处理试验研究显示文摘对有效微生物群(EM)进行复壮试验,并用复壮的EM活性液在厌氧条件下对奶牛场废水进行处理.试验结果表明:用糖蜜以及糖蜜与高浓度奶牛场废水混合物均能有效复壮EM;EM活性液能有效降解奶牛场废水的CODMn.与不添加EM活性液的对照组相比,添加EM活性液可以使CODMn降解比较迅速.添加0.1%EM活性液对奶牛场废水的去除效果要好于添加0.05%的EM活性液.试验还表明,EM活性液对奶牛场废水臭味去除效果非常明显. | 邵孝侯 廖林仙 Monika WALTER | 2006 | 河海大学学报(自然科学版)2006，34，5： | 6 |
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