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| 1 | Pancreatic cancer: A review of clinical diagnosis, epidemiology, treatment and outcomes显示文摘This review aims to outline the most up-to-date knowledge of pancreatic adenocarcinoma risk, diagnostics, treatment and outcomes, while identifying gaps that aim to stimulate further research in this understudied malignancy. Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is a lethal condition with a rising incidence, predicted to become the second leading cause of cancer death in some regions. It often presents at an advanced stage, which contributes to poor five-year survival rates of 2%-9%, ranking firmly last amongst all cancer sites in terms of prognostic outcomes for patients. Better understanding of the risk factors and symptoms associated with this disease is essential to inform both health professionals and the general population of potential preventive and/or early detection measures. The identification of high-risk patients who could benefit from screening to detect pre-malignant conditions such as pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms and mucinous cystic neoplasms is urgently required, however an acceptable screening test has yet to be identified. The management of pancreatic adenocarcinoma is evolving, with the introduction of new surgical techniques and medical therapies such as laparoscopic techniques and neo-adjuvant chemoradiotherapy, however this has only led to modest improvements in outcomes. The identification of novel biomarkers is desirable to move towards a precision medicine era, where pancreatic cancer therapy can be tailored to the individual patient, while unnecessary treatments that have negative consequences on quality of life could be prevented for others. Research efforts must also focus on the development of new agents and delivery systems. Overall, considerable progress is required to reduce the burden associated with pancreatic cancer. Recent, renewed efforts to fund large consortia and research into pancreatic adenocarcinoma are welcomed, but further streams will be necessary to facilitate the momentum needed to bring breakthroughs seen for other cancer sites. | Andrew McGuigan Paul Kelly Richard C Turkington Claire Jones Helen G Coleman R Stephen McCain | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，43： | 140 |
| 2 | 煤型稀有金属矿床:成因类型、赋存状态和利用评价显示文摘煤和含煤岩系中稀有金属元素的研究,是当今煤地质学研究的热点问题之一。煤和含煤岩系中高度富集并可以开发利用的稀有金属元素包括锂、钪、钛、钒、镓、锗、硒、锆、铌、铪、钽、铀、稀土元素(包括镧系元素和钇)、贵金属元素等。以煤-锗、煤-镓、煤-铀、煤-铌、煤-稀土元素等煤型稀有金属矿床为例,论述了这些矿床的地质成因、赋存状态和利用评价方法。煤型稀有金属矿床的研究,不仅对研究煤层的地质成因、煤层对比、含煤盆地形成与后期改造、区域地质历史演化和突发地质事件可以提供重要的煤地球化学和煤矿物学证据,而且对煤炭经济循环发展、煤炭利用过程中环境保护,以及对国家稀有金属资源安全也具有重要的现实和社会意义。 | 代世峰 任徳贻 周义平 Vladimir VSeredin 李大华 张名泉 James C Hower Colin R Ward 王西勃 赵蕾 宋晓林 | 2014 | 煤炭学报2014，39，8： | 111 |
| 3 | 代谢产物右旋羟戊二酸抑制FTO/m6A/Myc/CEBPA通路的抗肿瘤作用显示文摘贝克曼研究所陈建军教授、芝加哥大学生化研究所何川教授、浙江大学附属第一医院血液科金洁教授及其研究团队合作发现:异柠檬酸脱氢酶(ISOdehydrogenase,IDH)突变造成的代谢产物右旋羟戊二酸(R-2-hydroxyglutarate,R-2HG)通过抑制FTO/m6A/Myc/CEBPA信号发挥抗白血病的作用。2011年,何川教授实验室证实肥胖相关蛋白(obesity-associated protein,FTO)是m6A去甲基转移酶。m6A是一种广泛存在的RNA修饰,参与RNA的剪接、转位、衰减、翻译等过程,参与维持机体稳态,并与疾病的发生发展密切相关,如肿瘤、炎症相关疾病等。FTO调节肿瘤的具体机制需要进一步被揭示。 | 朱哈 刘娟 Su R Dong L Li C | 2018 | 中国肿瘤生物治疗杂志2018，25，2： | 62 |
| 4 | BCLC策略:预后预测和治疗推荐2022版更新显示文摘2018版BCLC预后和治疗推荐策略发布后,肝细胞癌(简称HCC)的研究又取得了重大进展。本次更新基于肝癌各领域的研究进展结果。重点关注影响策略的重要研究进展。虽然近年的研究结果成绩斐然,但将其引入为临床医生和研究者提供行动依据的循证模型指南来说证据效力依然不够确切。本文对该问题进行分析,阐述了为HCC患者制定个体化治疗临床决策所需的批判性思维和专业知识。 | Reig M Forner A Rimola J Ferrer-Fabrega J Burrel M Garcia-Criado A Kelley RK Galle PR Mazzaferro V Salem R Sangro B Singal AG Vogel A Fuster J Ayuso C Bruix J 刘永凡(摘译) 崔笑(摘译) 耿小平(审校) | 2022 | 肝胆外科杂志2022，30，5： | 80 |
| 5 | MicroRNA-34a inhibits glioblastoma growth by targeting multiple oncogenes显示文摘 | Li Y Guessous F Zhang Y Dipierro C Kefas B Johnson E Marcinkiewicz L Jiang J Yang Y Schmittgen TD Lopes B Schiff D Purow B Abounader R | 2009 | 中国神经肿瘤杂志2009，7，4： | 56 |
| 6 | ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling: genetics, genomics and mechanisms显示文摘用 ATP 水解作用的精力调整染色质结构的 Macromolecular 集会在开发,癌症,和干细胞生物学有关键角色。这个家庭的 ATPases 被 27 人的基因编码并且通常与稳定的几另外的蛋白质被联系,非可交换的子单元。这些建筑群使用的一基本机制被认为是 nucleosomes 的运动或交换调整抄写。然而,最近的基因研究显示染色质 remodelers 可以也涉及在许多细胞的过程期间调整染色质结构的另外的方面。SWI/SNF 家庭特别地看起来在子单元作文和与多细胞体和连接 histones 的外观的进化来临重合的机制经历了一个实质的变化。哺乳动物的 BAF 子单元的这更大的差异的微分用法为特定的房间命运的发展是必要的,包括到到承诺的神经原的 multipotency 的从 pluripotency 的前进。最近的人的基因屏幕表明了 BRG1, ARID1A, BAF155,和 hSNF5 经常在肿瘤被变异,显示 BAF 建筑群也起在癌症的开始或前进的一个关键作用。在开发和癌症为 BAF 和另外的染色质 remodelers 位于基因要求下面的机械学的库是相对未经勘探的并且将是这评论的一个焦点。 | Diana C Hargreaves Gerald R Crabtree | 2011 | Cell Research2011，21，3： | 51 |
| 7 | 甘肃大地湾遗址距今6万年来的考古记录与旱作农业起源显示文摘报道了中国北方早期旱作农业起源地之一的甘肃秦安大地湾遗址Dadiwan06探方的最新发掘成果,根据黄土-古土壤序列、绝对测年(AMS 14C和光释光测年)、气候事件年龄和考古分析,为Dadiwan06探方的地层沉积建立了6.5万年的年代框架.考古材料分析显示,Dadiwan06探方完整记录了石英打制技术制品、细石器技术制品、大地湾一期文化以及仰韶文化陶器制品等分别代表中国北方原始采集狩猎经济、先进采集狩猎经济、早期栽培经济与成熟农业经济的4个不同发展阶段,反映了大地湾遗址距今6.0万年以来由采集狩猎经济逐步向农业经济过渡的持续人类活动历史。 | 张东菊 陈发度 BETTINGER R L BARTON L 吉笃学 MORGAN C 王辉 程晓钟 董广辉 GUILDERSON T P 赵晖 | 2010 | 科学通报2010，55，10： | 42 |
| 8 | Mesenchymal stem cells: Molecular characteristics and clinical applications显示文摘Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are non-hematopoietic stem cells with the capacity to differentiate into tissues of both mesenchymal and non-mesenchymal origin. MSCs can differentiate into osteoblastic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic lineages, although recent studies have demonstrated that MSCs are also able to differentiate into other lineages, including neuronal and cardiomyogenic lineages. Since their original isolation from the bone marrow, MSCs have been successfully harvested from many other tissues. Their ease of isolation and ex vivo expansion combined with their immunoprivileged nature has made these cells popular candidates for stem cell therapies. These cells have the potential to alter disease pathophysiology through many modalities including cytokine secretion, capacity to differentiate along various lineages, immune modulation and direct cell-cell interaction with diseased tissue. Here we first review basic features of MSC biology including MSC characteristics in culture, homing mechanisms, differentiation capabilities and immune modulation. We then highlight some in vivo and clinical evidence supporting the therapeutic roles of MSCs and their uses in orthopedic, autoimmune, and ischemic disorders. | Farbod Rastegar Deana Shenaq Eric R Wagner Stephanie H Kim Russell R Reid Hue H Luu Rex C Haydon | 2010 | World Journal of Stem Cells2010，2，4： | 35 |
| 9 | AGNP精神科治疗药物监测共识指南:2011显示文摘治疗药物监测(Therapeutic drug monitoring,TDM),如通过定量测定血清或血浆药物浓度指导用药剂量优化,已经成为对患者进行精神药物治疗的很有价值的工具。在患者用药依从性难以判断、药物耐受性不佳、治疗剂量下无效以及可能存在药代动力学药物-药物相互作用等情况下,测定药物浓度是很有用的。在精神科,有可能明显获益于TDM的主要患者群体包括儿童、孕妇、老年患者、智力障碍患者、涉及司法的患者、已知或怀疑携带药代动力学相关基因变异的患者,以及合并躯体疾病影响药代动力学的患者。然而,只有将TDM充分整合到临床治疗过程中去,才能发挥其优化药物治疗的潜在优势。为了促进TDM的合理应用,神经精神药理学与药物精神病学协会(Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Neuropsychopharmakologie und Pharmakopsychiatrie,AGNP)的TDM专家组在2004年发表了精神药物治疗药物监测指南。之后,随着知识不断更新,又有许多可能需要进行TDM的新药上市。因此,本次更新将神经精神药物的种类扩展到了128种,并将其TDM必要性划分为从'强烈推荐'到'可能有用'的四个等级。经过大量细致且全面的文献检索与分门别类的汇总整理,将基于循证医学理念的'治疗参考浓度范围'和'剂量相关参考浓度范围'呈现给大家。本共识指南引入了'实验室警戒浓度'的新概念,即实验室需要马上告知治疗医生的药物浓度上限。本共识指南还给出了诸如药物作为细胞色素P450酶的底物和抑制剂的性质,代谢物与母药浓度比值的常见范围,以及与结果解释相关的内容,还提供了何时将TDM与遗传药理学检测相结合的建议。遵循本指南,有助于改善许多患者精神药物治疗的效果,特别是那些存在药代动力学异常的患者。TDM是一门交叉学科,有时针对看起来不一致的数据,需要多学科坦诚地讨论,只有这样,患者才能从这种合作中获益。 | Hiemke C Baumann P Bergemann N Conca A Dietmaier O Egberts K Fric M Gerlach M Greiner C Gründer G Haen E Havemann-Reinecke U Jaquenoud Sirot E Kirchherr H Laux G Lutz UC Messer T Müller MJ Pfuhlmann B Rambeck B Riederer P Schoppek B Stingl J Uhr M Ulrich S Waschgler R Zernig G 李文标(译) 果伟(译) 阮灿军(译) 贺静(译) 汤宜朗(审校) 王传跃(审校) | 2016 | 实用药物与临床2016，19，10： | 37 |
| 10 | Abnormal activation of the synuclein-gamma gene in hepatocellular carcinomas by epigenetic alteration.显示文摘 | Zhao W Liu H Liu W Wu Y Chen W Jiang B Zhou Y Xue R Luo C Wang L Jiang JD Liu J | 2006 | 中国生物学文摘2006，20，4： | 31 |
| 11 | New insights on premature ejaculation: a review of :lefinition, classification, prevalence and treatmeni显示文摘关于早泄(PE ) 的定义,分类和流行有进行中的争论。PE 的第一个基于证据的定义与终生的 PE 被限制到异性爱的人从事阴道交际。不幸地,有 PE 的抱怨的许多病人不满足这些标准。然而,这些人能作为 PE 子类型,也就是获得的 PE,自然可变 PE 或象早熟一样之一被诊断射精的机能障碍。不过,这些子类型的有效性被证据还没支持了。一个普遍接受的 PE 定义的缺席和为数据获得的标准的缺乏导致了报导了冲突率的流行研究。20 % 的高流行; -30%可能由于在如此的调查被进行的时间在定义使用的含糊的术语。尽管当为基于人口的流行研究询问了时,许多人可以抱怨 PE,仅仅他们的一些将活跃地为他们的抱怨寻求治疗,尽管大多数这些病人将定义与 PE 适合的症状。获得的 PE 病人的抱怨可能是更严重的,而经历象早熟一样的病人的抱怨射精的机能障碍与 PE 的各种各样的形式在人之中似乎最少严重。尽管众多的治疗形式为 PE 的管理被建议了,仅仅抗抑郁剂和热门麻木的乳脂当前被证明了有效。当任何一个都没被规章的机构同意了治疗形式,进一步的研究不管多么必须被带为 PE 开发有益的治疗策略。 | Ege C Serefoglu Theodore R Saitz | 2012 | Asian Journal of Andrology2012，14，6： | 34 |
| 12 | Chronic hepatitis B infection in pregnancy显示文摘There are no standard guidelines to follow when a patient with chronic hepatitis B infection becomes pregnant or desires pregnancy. Topics to consider include which patients to treat, when to start treatment, what treatment to use and when to stop treatment. Without any prophylaxis or antiviral therapy, a hepatitis B surface antigen and E antigen positive mother has up to a 90% likelihood of vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus(HBV) to child. Standard of care in the United States to prevent perinatal transmission consists of administration of hepatitis B immune globulin and HBV vaccination to the infant. The two strongest risk factors of mother to child transmission(MTCT) of HBV infection despite immunoprophylaxis are high maternal HBV viral load and high activity of viral replication. The goal is to prevent transmission of HBV at birth by decreasing viral load and/or decreasing activity of the virus. Although it is still somewhat controversial, most evidence shows that starting antivirals in the third trimester is effective in decreasing MTCT without affecting fetal development. There is a growing body of literature supporting the safety and efficacy of antiviral therapies to reduce MTCT of hepatitis B. There are no formal recommendations regarding which agent to choose. Tenofovir, lamivudine and telbivudine have all been proven efficacious in decreasing viral load at birth without known birth defects, but final decision of which antiviral medication to use will have to be determined by physician and patient. The antivirals may be discontinued immediately if patient is breastfeeding, or within first four weeks if infant is being formula fed. | Jennifer R Lamberth Sheila C Reddy Jen-Jung Pan Kevin J Dasher | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，9： | 32 |
| 13 | 最新AD研究用诊断标准:IWG-2标准显示文摘在过去的8年中,国际工作组织(IWG)和美国国立老化研究院-阿尔茨海默协会(NIA-AA)建立了阿尔茨海默病(AD)诊断标准,它能更好地定义AD的临床表型,整合了生物标记物于诊断流程中,并覆盖了疾病的全程。本意见书充分地权衡了IWG标准的优缺点,建议改进诊断框架。依据这些改进,AD的诊断变得简单,只要有恰当的AD临床表型(典型或不典型)和与AD的病理相一致的病理生理学生物标志物出现。我们认为疾病的下游的定位性生物标志,如容积性磁共振成像(MRI)和氟脱氧葡萄糖-正电子发射型计算机断层成像(FDG-PET)等,适合更好地测量和监测疾病过程。本文还详述了非典型性AD、混合性AD和AD临床前期的特异诊断标准。 | 陈刚 曹雯炜 俞羚 糜建华 Dubois B Feldman HH Jacova C Hampel H Molinuevo JL Blennow K DeK osky ST Gauthier S Selkoe D Bateman R Cappa S Crutch S Engelborghs S Frisoni GB Fox NC Galasko D Habert MO Jicha GA Nordberg A Pasquier F Rabinovici G Robert P Rowe C Salloway S Sarazin M Epelbaum S de Souza LC Vellas B Visser PJ Schneider L Stern Y Scheltens P Cummings JL | 2014 | 神经病学与神经康复学杂志2014，11，3： | 31 |
| 14 | Correlation of N-myc downstream-regulated gene 1 expression with clinical outcomes of colorectal cancer patients of different race/ethnicity显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the role of N-myc downstream-regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) expression in prognosis and survival of colorectal cancer patients with different ethnic backgrounds. METHODS: Because NDRG1 is a downstream target of p53 and hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α),we examined NDRG1 expression together with p53 and HIF-1α by immunohistochemistry. A total of 157 colorectal cancer specimens including 80 from Japanese patients and 77 from US patients were examined. The correlation between protein expression with clinicopathological features and survival after surgery was analyzed.in colorectal tumor compared with normal epithelium in both Japanese and US patient groups. Expression of NDRG1 protein was significantly correlated with lymphatic invasion,venous invasion,depth of invasion,histopathological type,and Dukes' stage in Japanese colorectal cancer patients. NDRG1 expression was correlated to histopathological type,Dukes' stage and HIF-1α expression in US-Caucasian patients but not in US-African American patients. Interestingly,Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated that NDRG1 expression correlated significantly with poorer survival in US-African American patients but not in other patient groups. However,in p53-positive US cases,NDRG1 positivity correlated significantly with better survival. In addition,NDRG1 expression also correlated significantly with improved survival in US patients with stages Ⅲ and Ⅳ tumors without chemotherapy. In Japanese patients with stages Ⅱ and Ⅲ tumors,strong NDRG1 staining in p53-positive tumors correlated significantly with improved survival but negatively in patients without chemotherapy. CONCLUSION: NDRG1 expression was correlated with various clinicopathological features and clinical outcomes in colorectal cancer depending on the race/ethnicity of the patients. NDRG1 may serve as a biological basis for the disparity of clinical outcomes of colorectal cancer patients with different ethnic backgrounds. | Minori Koshiji Kensuke Kumamoto Keiichirou Morimura Yasufumi Utsumi Michiko Aizawa Masami Hoshino Shinji Ohki Seiichi Takenoshita Max Costa Thérèse Commes David Piquemal Curtis C Harris Kam-Meng Tchou-Wong | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，20： | 25 |
| 15 | Cadherin-17:一种消化道腺癌诊断的有效标记显示文摘 | Su M C Yuan R H Lin C Y 饶秋(摘译) | 2008 | 临床与实验病理学杂志2008，24，5： | 26 |
| 16 | Pediatric functional constipation treatment with Bifi dobacterium-containing yogurt:A crossover,double-blind,controlled trial显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the treatment of pediatric functional chronic intestinal constipation (FCIC) with a probiotic goat yogurt. METHODS: A crossover double-blind formula-controlled trial was carried out on 59 students (age range: 5-15 years) of a public school in Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil, presenting a FCIC diagnostic, according to Roma Ⅲ criteria. The students were randomized in two groups to receive a goat yogurt supplemented with 109 colony forming unit/mL Bifidobacterium longum (B.longum) (probiotic) daily or only the yogurt for a period of 5 wk (formula). Afterwards, the groups were intercrossed for another 5 wk. Defecation frequency, stool consistency and abdominal and defecation pain were assessed.RESULTS: Both treatment groups demonstrated improvement in defecation frequency compared to baseline. However, the group treated with probiotic showed most signif icant improvement in the f irst phase of the study. An inversion was observed after crossing over, resulting in a reduction in stool frequency when this group was treated by formula. Probiotic and formula improved stool consistency in the f irst phase of treatment, but the improvement obtained with probiotic was significantly higher (P = 0.03). In the second phase of treatment, the group initially treated with probiotic showed worseningstool consistency when using formula. However, the difference was not signif icant. A signif icant improvement in abdominal pain and defecation pain was observed with both probiotic and formula in the first phase of treatment, but again the improvement was more signif icant for the group treated with B. longum during phase I (P < 0.05). When all data of the crossover study were analyzed, significant differences were observed between probiotic yogurt and yogurt only for defecation frequency (P = 0.012), defecation pain (P = 0.046) and abdominal pain (P = 0.015). | Paula VP Guerra Luiza N Lima Tassia C Souza Vanessa Mazochi Francisco J Penna Andreia M Silva Jacques R Nicoli Elizabet V Guimares | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，34： | 25 |
| 17 | Anti-fungal and anti-bacterial activities of ethanol extracts of selected traditional Chinese medicinal herbs显示文摘Objective:To evaluate in ritro antimicrobial activities of selected 58 ethno-medicinal plant extracts with a view to assess their therapeutic potential.Methods:A total of 58 traditional Chinese medicinal plants were carefully selected based on the literature review and their traditional use.The antimicrobial activities of ethanol extracts of these medicinal plants were tested against fungi(Aspergillus funigaius),yeast(Candida albicans),gram-negative(Acirelobacter haumannii and Pseudornnruis aeruginosa)and gram-positive bacteria(Staphglococcus aureus).The activities were tested at three different concentrations of 1.00,0.10 and 0.01 mg/mL.The data was analysed using Gene data Screener program.Results:The measured antimicrobial activities indicated that out of the 58 plant extracts,15 extracts showed anti-fungal activity and 23 extracts exhibited anti-bacterial activity.Eight plant extracts have exhibited both anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activities.For instance,Eucommia ulmoides,Pohgonum cuspidcrtum,Poria cocas and Uncaria rhineophylla showed activity against both bacterial and fungal strains,indicating their broad spectrum of activity.Conclusions:The results revealed that the ethanol extracts of 30 plants out of the selected 58 possess significant antimicrobial activities.It is interesting to note that the findings from the current study are consistent with the traditional use.A clear correlation has also been found between the antimicrobial activity and the flavonoid content of the plant extracts which is in agreement with the literature.Hence.the results presented here can be used to guide the selection of potential plant species for the isolation and structure elucidation of novel antimicrobial compounds in order to establish the structure-activity relationship.This in turn is expected to lead the way to the discovery of novel antimicrobial agents for therapeutic use. | Lin Zhang Anjaneya S.Ravipati Sundar R Koyyalamudi Sang Chul Jeong Narsimha Reddy John Bartlett Paul T.Smith Mercedes de la Cruz Maria Cndida Monteiro ngeles Melguizo Ester Jimnez Francisca Vicente | 2013 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2013，6，9： | 23 |
| 18 | OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF GeO_2 AND Ge NANOCRYSTALS显示文摘he co m pound m aterial of n m size particles Ge O2 Si O2 w as synthesied through hydrolysis of Si( O C2 H4) and Ge Cl4 . A heat treatm ent w as carried out for the sa m ples at 100 ~1200 ℃in air . Its optical property w as deter mined by U V Vis spectur m . We have found that theabsorption edge of spectru m shifted progressively to longer w avelengths . The quantu m size ef fect of nanocrystals appears because crystals gro w and energy of optical band gap reduces d ueto the influence of te m perature . By the analysis of X ray diffraction w e have observed theprocess in w hich the structure of particles changed fro m disorder into order . | Y.H.Zhou 1) ,Y.Y.Feng 2) and H.Y.Lu 2) 1)Department of Physics Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097,China 2)Physics and Ch寁O P T I C A L P R O P E R T I E S O F Ge O2 A N D Ge N A N O C R Y S T A L S Y. H. Zhou1) , Y. Y. Feng2) | 1999 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)1999，12，5： | 22 |
| 19 | Hepatocytic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in cocultures with fetal liver cells显示文摘瞄准:为了与胎儿的肝细胞(FLC ) 和可能性在合作文化调查间充质的干细胞(MSC ) 的 hepatocytic 区别膨胀,区分了 hepatocytic 房间。方法:MSC 被制动火箭与绿荧光灯的蛋白质(GFP ) 标记病毒的基因转导变异。同种细胞的显著 MSC 在用与干细胞补充的fibronectin涂的培养皿和媒介刺激条件的肝下面是也有教养的因素( SCF ), hepatocyte 生长因素( HGF ),表皮的生长因素( EGF ),和成纤维细胞生长因素 4 ( FGF-4 )独自一个,或在刚孤立的 FLC 的存在。在合作文化的房间被收获,并且 GFP+ 或 GFP- 房间用荧光被分开激活的房间排序。为肝 specific 标记 cytokeratin-18 (CK-18 ) 的反向的抄写聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR )( 法新社) ,白朊,和 alpha-fetoprotein 在不同房间人口被执行。结果:在指定文化条件下面,与 FLC co 有教养的老鼠 MSC 超过二个星期表示了白朊, CK-18,和 AFP-RNA。在 wk 3, MSC 失去了 hepatocytic 基因表示,可能由于 cocultured FLC 的增生。FLC 也在合作文化和一个很高的生长潜力显示出稳定的肝 specific 基因表情。结论:从骨髓的老鼠 MSC 能面对 FLC 在试管内区分 hepatocytic 房间,在合作文化的 MSC 的存在也为 FLC 的扩大和区别提供有益的环境。 | Claudia Lange Helge Bruns Dietrich Kluth Axel R Zander Henning C Fiegel | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，15： | 23 |
| 20 | Contribution of oxidative stress to pulmonary arterial hypertension显示文摘Recent data implicate oxidative stress as a mediator of pulmonary hypertension (PH) and of the associated pathological changes to the pulmonary vasculature and right ventricle (RV). Increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS), altered redox state, and elevated oxidant stress have been demonstrated in the lungs and RV of several animal models of PH, including chronic hypoxia, monocrotaline toxicity, caveolin-1 knock-out mouse, and the transgenic Ren2 rat which overexpresses the mouse renin gene. Generation of ROS in these models is derived mostly from the activities of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidases, xanthine oxidase, and uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase. As disease progresses circulating monocytes and bone marrow-derived monocytic progenitor cells are attracted to and accumulate in the pulmonary vasculature. Once established, these inflammatory cells generate ROS and secrete mitogenic and fibrogenic cytokines that induce cell proliferation and fibrosis in the vascular wall resulting in progressive vascular remodeling. Deficiencies in antioxidant enzymes also contribute to pulmonary hypertensive states. Current therapies were developed to improve endothelial function, reduce pulmonary artery pressure, and slow the progression of vascular remodeling in the pulmonary vasculature by targeting deficiencies in either NO (PDE-type 5 inhibition) or PGI 2 (prostacyclin analogs), or excessive synthesis of ET-1 (ET receptor blockers) with the intent to improve patient clinical status and survival. New therapies may slow disease progression to some extent, but long term management has not been achieved and mortality is still high. Although little is known concerning the effects of current pulmonary arterial hypertension treatments on RV structure and function, interest in this area is increasing. Development of therapeutic strategies that simultaneously target pathology in the pulmonary vasculature and RV may be beneficial in reducing mortality associated with RV failure. | Vincent G DeMarco Adam T Whaley-Connell James R Sowers Javad Habibi Kevin C Dellsperger | 2010 | World Journal of Cardiology2010，2，10： | 21 |
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