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| 1 | Mechanisms of triglyceride metabolism in patients with bile acid diarrhea显示文摘Bile acids(BAs) are essential for the absorption of lipids. BA synthesis is inhibited through intestinal farnesoid X receptor(FXR) activity. BA sequestration is known to influence BA metabolism and control serum lipid concentrations. Animal data has demonstrated a regulatory role for the FXR in triglyceride metabolism. FXR inhibits hepatic lipogenesis by inhibiting the expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c via small heterodimer primer activity. Conversely, FXR promotes free fatty acids oxidation by inducing the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α. FXR can reduce the expression of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein, which regulates the assembly of very low-density lipoproteins(VLDL). FXR activation in turn promotes the clearance of circulating triglycerides by inducing apolipoprotein C-Ⅱ, very low-density lipoproteins receptor(VLDL-R) and the expression of Syndecan-1 together with the repression of apolipoprotein C-Ⅲ, which increases lipoprotein lipase activity. There is currently minimal clinical data on triglyceride metabolism in patients with bile acid diarrhoea(BAD). Emerging data suggests that a third of patients with BAD have hypertriglyceridemia. Further research is required to establish the risk of hypertriglyceridaemia in patients with BAD and elicit the mechanisms behind this, allowing for targeted treatment. | Nidhi Midhu Sagar Michael McFarlane Chuka Nwokolo Karna Dev Bardhan Ramesh Pulendran Arasaradnam | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，30： | 5 |
| 2 | Diet,ageing and genetic factors in the pathogenesis of diverticular disease显示文摘Diverticular disease(DD) is an age-related disorder of the large bowel which may affect half of the population over the age of 65 in the UK.This high prevalence ranks it as one of the most common bowel disorders in western nations.The majority of patients remain asymptomatic but there are associated life-threatening co-morbidities, which, given the large numbers of people with DD, translates into a considerable number of deaths per annum.Despite this public health burden, relatively little seems to be known about either the mechanisms of development or causality.In the 1970s, a model of DD formulated the concept that diverticula occur as a consequence of pressureinduced damage to the colon wall amongst those with a low intake of dietary fiber.In this review, we have examined the evidence regarding the influence of ageing, diet, inflammation and genetics on DD development.We argue that the evidence supporting the barotrauma hypothesis is largely anecdotal.We have also identified several gaps in the knowledge base which need to be filled before we can complete a model for the etiology of diverticular disease. | Daniel Martin Commane Ramesh Pulendran Arasaradnam Sarah Mills John Cummings Mathers Mike Bradburn | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，20： | 5 |
| 3 | Sensing pathogens and tuning immune responses显示文摘 | Pulendran B Palucka K Banchereau J | 2001 | Science2001，293，5528： | 2 |
| 4 | Safety,immunogenicity,and protection provided by unadjuvanted and adjuvanted formulations of a recombinant plant-derived virus-like particle vaccine candidate for COVID-19 in nonhuman primates显示文摘Although antivirals are important tools to control severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection,effective vaccines are essential to control the current coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic.Plant-derived virus-like particle(VLP)vaccine candidates have previously demonstrated immunogenicity and efficacy against influenza.Here,we report the immunogenicity and protection induced in rhesus macaques by intramuscular injections of a VLP bearing a SARS-CoV-2 spike protein(CoVLP)vaccine candidate formulated with or without Adjuvant System 03(AS03)or cytidine-phospho-guanosine(CpG)1018.Although a single dose of the unadjuvanted CoVLP vaccine candidate stimulated humoral and cell-mediated immune responses,booster immunization(at 28 days after priming)and adjuvant administration significantly improved both responses,with higher immunogenicity and protection provided by the AS03-adjuvanted CoVLP.Fifteen micrograms of CoVLP adjuvanted with AS03 induced a polyfunctional interleukin-2(IL-2)-driven response and IL-4 expression in CD4 T cells.Animals were challenged by multiple routes(i.e.,intratracheal,intranasal,and ocular)with a total viral dose of 106 plaque-forming units of SARS-CoV-2.Lower viral replication in nasal swabs and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)as well as fewer SARS-CoV-2-infected cells and immune cell infiltrates in the lungs concomitant with reduced levels of proinflammatory cytokines and chemotactic factors in the BALF were observed in animals immunized with the CoVLP adjuvanted with AS03.No clinical,pathologic,or virologic evidence of vaccineassociated enhanced disease was observed in vaccinated animals.The CoVLP adjuvanted with AS03 was therefore selected for vaccine development and clinical trials. | Stéphane Pillet Prabhu SArunachalam Guadalupe Andreani Nadia Golden Jane Fontenot Pyone Pyone Aye Katharina Röltgen Gabrielle Lehmicke Philipe Gobeil Charlotte Dubé Sonia Trépanier Nathalie Charland Marc-AndréD’Aoust Kasi Russell-Lodrigue Christopher Monjure Robert V.Blair Scott D.Boyd Rudolf P.Bohm Jay Rappaport François Villinger Nathalie Landry Bali Pulendran Brian J.Ward | 2022 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2022，19，2： | 2 |
| 5 | Modulation of adaptive immunity with Toll-like receptors显示文摘 | Santhakumar Manicassamy Bali Pulendran | 2009 | Seminars in Immunology2009，，4： | 2 |
| 6 | Immunobiology of Dendritic Cells显示文摘 | Jacques Banchereau Francine Briere Christophe Caux Jean Davoust Serge Lebecque Yong-Jun Liu Bali Pulendran Karolina Palucka | 2000 | Annual Review of Immunology2000，，： | 2 |
| 7 | Human dendritic cells respond to Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS by promoting a Th2 effector response in vitro显示文摘 | Pulendran B Agrawal S | 2003 | Eur J Immunol2003，33，11： | 1 |
| 8 | Programming dendritic cells to induce T (H) 2 and tolerogenic responses显示文摘 | Pulendran B Tang H Manicassamy S | 2010 | Nat Immunol2010，11，8： | 1 |
| 9 | Sensing Pathogen and Tuning Immune Response 显示文摘 | Pulendran B Palucka K Baneheau J | 2001 | Science2001，293，5528： | 1 |
| 10 | Fh3-ligand and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor mobilize distinct human dendritic cell subsets in vivo 显示文摘 | Pulendran B Banchereau J Burkeholder S | 2000 | J Immunol2000，165，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Programming dendritic cells to induce T(H) 2 and tolerogenic responses显示文摘 | Pulendran B Tang H Manicassamy S | 2010 | Nat Immunol2010，11，8： | 1 |
| 12 | Dramatic numerical increase of functionally mature dendritic cells in hFLT3 ligand-treated mice显示文摘 | Maraskovsky E Pulendran B Brasel K | 1997 | Adv Exp Med Biol1997，417，： | 1 |
| 13 | Lipopolysaccharides from distinct pathogens induce different classes of immune responses invivo显示文摘 | Pulendran B Kumar P Cutler CW | 2001 | J Immunol2001，167，9： | 1 |
| 14 | Modulating the immune response with dendritic cells and their growth factors 显示文摘 | Pulendran B Maraskovsky E Banchereau J | 2001 | Trends in immunology2001，22，： | 1 |
| 15 | Distinct dendritic cell subsets differentially regulate the class of immune responses in vivo 显示文摘 | Pulendran B Smith JL Caspary G | 1999 | Proc Natl Acad Sci1999，96，13： | 1 |
| 16 | Distinct dendritic cell subsets differentially regulate the class of immune response invivo 显示文摘 | Smith JL Caspary G | 1999 | Proc Natl Acad Sci(USA)1999，96，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Division of labor,plasticity,and crosstalk between dendritic cell subsets显示文摘 | Pulendran B Tang H Denning T | 2008 | Curr Opin Immunol2008，20，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Sensing pathogens and tuning immune responses显示文摘 | Pulendran B Palucka K Banchereau J | 2001 | Science2001，293，： | 1 |
| 19 | Systems vaccinology 显示文摘 | Pulendran B Li S Nakaya HI | 2010 | Immunity2010，33，4： | 1 |
| 20 | Translating innate immunity into immunological memory: implications for vaccine development 显示文摘 | Pulendran B Ahmed R | 2006 | Cell2006，124，： | 1 |
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