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| 1 | Histopathological characteristics and causes of kidney graft failure in the current era of immunosuppression显示文摘BACKGROUND The histopathological findings on the failing kidney allograft in the modern era is not well studied. In this study, we present our experience working with kidney transplant recipients with graft failure within one year of the biopsy.AIM To report the histopathological characteristics of failed kidney allografts in the current era of immunosuppression based on the time after transplant, cause of the end-stage renal disease and induction immunosuppressive medications.METHODS In a single-center observational study, we characterized the histopathological findings of allograft biopsies in kidney transplant recipients with graft failure within one year after the biopsy.RESULTS We identified 329 patients with graft failure that met the selection criteria between January 1, 2006 and December 31, 2016. The three most common biopsy findings were interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy(IFTA, 53%), acute rejection (AR, 43%) and transplant glomerulopathy(TG, 33%). Similarly, the three most common causes of graft failure based on the primary diagnosis were AR(40%),TG(17%), and IFTA(13%). Most grafts failed within two years of post-transplant(36%). Subsequently, approximately 10%-15% of grafts failed every two years: >2-4 years(16%), > 4-6 years(13%), > 6-8 years(11%), > 8-10 years(9%) and > 10 years(16%). AR was the most common cause of graft failure in the first six years(48%), whereas TG was the most prevalent cause of graft failure after 6 years(32%) of transplant.CONCLUSION In the current era of immunosuppression, AR is still the most common cause of early graft failure, while TG is the most prevalent cause of late graft failure. | Sandesh Parajuli Fahad Aziz Neetika Garg Sarah E Panzer Emily Joachim Brenda Muth Maha Mohamed Justin Blazel Weixiong Zhong Brad C Astor Didier A Mandelbrot Arjang Djamali | 2019 | World Journal of Transplantation2019，9，6： | 2 |
| 2 | Low-voltage operation of a pentacene field-effect transistor with a polymer electrolyte gate dielectric显示文摘 | PANZER M J NEWMAN C R FRISBIE C D | 2005 | Appl Phys Lett2005，86，10： | 1 |
| 3 | The immune system and kidney disease: basic concepts and clinical implications显示文摘 | Kurts C Panzer U Anders HJ | 2013 | Nat Rev Immunol2013，13，： | 1 |
| 4 | Strategies for achieving ultra low-density polypropylene foams显示文摘 | Naguib H E Park C B Panzer U | 2002 | Polymer Engineering and Science2002，42，7： | 1 |
| 5 | Association of fasting plasma glu- cose with heart rate recovery in healthy adults: a population - based study 显示文摘 | Panzer C Lauer MS Brieke A | 2002 | Diabetes2002，51，： | 1 |
| 6 | TLR2 and TLR4 expression in atopic dermatitis,contact dermatitis and psoriasis显示文摘 | Panzer R Blobel C Flster-Holst R | 2014 | Exp Dermatol2014，23，5： | 1 |
| 7 | Association of fasting plasma glu- cose with heart rate recovery in healthy adults : a population - based stffdy显示文摘 | Panzer C Lauer MS Brieke A | 2002 | Diabetes2002，51，： | 1 |
| 8 | Basophils orchestrate chronic allergic dermatitis and protective immunity against helminths显示文摘 | Ohnmacht C Schwartz C Panzer M | 2010 | Immunity2010，33，3： | 1 |
| 9 | Prevention ofLype 2 diabetes and its macrovascular complication: when, when, And how should we treat显示文摘 | Panzer C B rieke A Rudeman N | 2003 | Curr Op h Endocrino 1 Diabeles2003，19，： | 1 |
| 10 | Strategies forAchieving Ultra Low-densityPolypropylene Foams 显示文摘 | Naguib H E Park C B Panzer U | 2002 | Polymer Engineering & Science2002，42，7： | 1 |
| 11 | Helical and polymeric nanostructures assembled from benzene tri- and tetraearboxylie acids associated with terpyridine copper( Ⅱ) complexes 显示文摘 | Wang P Moorefield C N Panzer M | 2005 | Chem Commun2005，，： | 1 |
| 12 | The immune system and kidney disease:basic concepts and clinical implications显示文摘 | Kurts C Panzer U Anders H J | 2013 | Nat Rev Immunol2013，13，10： | 1 |
| 13 | Mitochondrial DNA mutations,oxidative stress,and apoptosis in mammalian aging显示文摘 | Kujoth G C Hiona A Pugh T D Someya S Panzer K Wohlgemuth S E Hofer T Seo A Y | | 0，，5733： | 1 |
| 14 | Biological production of acrylic acid from cheese whey by resting cells of Clostridium propionicum显示文摘 | O'Brien D J Panzer C C Eisele W P | 1990 | Biotechnol Prog1990，6，： | 1 |
| 15 | Rapid preoperative preparation for severe hyperthyroid Graves' disease显示文摘 | Panzer C Beazley R Braverman L | 2004 | J Clin Endocrinol Metab2004，89，5： | 1 |
| 16 | High carrier density and metallic conductivity in poly (3-hexylthiophene) achieved by electrostatic charge injection显示文摘 | PANZER M J FRISBIE C D | 2006 | Adv Funct Mater2006，16，8： | 1 |
| 17 | 显示文摘 | Newman C R Chesterfield R J Panzer M J | 2005 | J Appl Phys2005，98，08： | 1 |
| 18 | Testosterone replacement therapy in naturally and surgically menopausal women显示文摘 | Panzer C Guay A | 2009 | J Sex Med2009，6，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Viscoelastic properties of hybrid III head skin 显示文摘 | Wood G W Panzer M B Bass C R | 2010 | SAE International Journal of Materials & Manufacturing2010，3，1： | 1 |
| 20 | A historical review of promotion strategies for electricity from renewable energy sources in EU countries 显示文摘 | HAAS R PANZER C RESCH G | 2011 | Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews2011，15，2： | 1 |
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