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| 1 | A test of two mechanisms proposed to optimize grassland aboveground primary productivity in response to grazing显示文摘Aims Mesic grasslands have a long evolutionary history of grazing by large herbivores and as a consequence,grassland species have numerous adaptations allowing them to respond favourably to grazing.Although empirical evidence has been equivocal,theory predicts that such adaptations combined with alterations in resources can lead to grazing-induced overcompensation in aboveground net primary production(ANPP;grazed ANPP>ungrazed ANPP)under certain conditions.We tested two specific predictions from theory.First,overcompensation is more likely to occur in annually burned grasslands because limiting nutrients that would be lost with frequent fires are recycled through grazers and stimulate ANPP.Second,overcompensation of biomass lost to grazers is more likely to occur in unburned sites where grazing has the greatest effect on increasing light availability through alterations in canopy structure.Methods We tested these nutrient versus light-based predictions in grazed grasslands that had been annually burned or protected from fire for>20 years.We assessed responses in ANPP to grazing by large ungulates using both permanent and moveable grazing exclosures(252 exclosures from which biomass was harvested from 3192 quadrats)in a 2-year study.Study sites were located at the Konza Prairie Biological Station(KPBS)in North America and at Kruger National Park(KNP)in South Africa.At KPBS,sites were grazed by North American bison whereas in KNP sites were grazed either by a diverse suite of herbivores(e.g.blue wildebeest,Burchell’s zebra,African buffalo)or by a single large ungulate(African buffalo).Important Findings We found no evidence for overcompensation in either burned or unburned sites,regardless of grazer type.Thus,there was no support for either mechanism leading to overcompensation.Instead,complete compensation of total biomass lost to grazers was the most common response characterizing grazing–ANPP relationships with,in some cases,undercompensation of grass ANPP being offset by increased ANPP of forbs likely due to competitive release.The capability of these very different grass-dominated systems to maintain ANPP while being grazed has important implications for energy flow,ecosystem function and the trophic dynamics of grasslands. | A.K.Knapp D.L.Hoover J.M.Blair G.Buis D.E.Burkepile A.Chamberlain S.L.Collins R.W.S.Fynn K.P.Kirkman M.D.Smith D.Blake N.Govender P.O'Neal T.Schreck A.Zinn | 2012 | Journal of Plant Ecology2012，5，4： | 4 |
| 2 | Interleukin-6 mediates neutrophil mobilization from bone marrow in pulmonary hypertension显示文摘Myeloid cells,such as neutrophils,are produced in the bone marrow in high quantities and are important in the pathogenesis of vascular diseases such as pulmonary hypertension(PH).Although neutrophil recruitment into sites of inflammation has been well studied,the mechanisms of neutrophil egress from the bone marrow are not well understood.Using computational flow cytometry,we observed increased neutrophils in the lungs of patients and mice with PH.Moreover,we found elevated levels of IL-6 in the blood and lungs of patients and mice with PH.We observed that transgenic mice overexpressing Il-6 in the lungs displayed elevated neutrophil egress from the bone marrow and exaggerated neutrophil recruitment to the lungs,resulting in exacerbated pulmonary vascular remodeling,and dysfunctional hemodynamics.Mechanistically,we found that IL-6-induced neutrophil egress from the bone marrow was dependent on interferon regulatory factor 4(IRF-4)-mediated CX3CR1 expression in neutrophils.Consequently,Cx3cr1 genetic deficiency in hematopoietic cells in Il-6-transgenic mice significantly reduced neutrophil egress from bone marrow and decreased neutrophil counts in the lungs,thus ameliorating pulmonary remodeling and hemodynamics.In summary,these findings define a novel mechanism of IL-6-induced neutrophil egress from the bone marrow and reveal a new therapeutic target to curtail neutrophil-mediated inflammation in pulmonary vascular disease. | Jonathan Florentin Jingsi Zhao Yi-Yin Tai Sathish Babu Vasamsetti Scott P.O’Neil Rahul Kumar Anagha Arunkumar Annie Watson John Sembrat Grant C.Bullock Linda Sanders Biruk Kassa Mauricio Rojas Brian B.Graham Stephen Y.Chan Partha Dutta | 2021 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2021，18，2： | 3 |
| 3 | Low stress no distortion welding for aerospace shell structures显示文摘LowstressnodistortionweldingforaerospaceshellstructuresGUANQiao;GUODelunandZHANGChongxian(BeijingAeronauticalManufacturingTec... | GUAN Qiao GUO Delun and ZHANG Chongxian(Beijing Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology Research Institue. P.O Box 304. Beijing.100024) | 1996 | China Welding1996，5，1： | 3 |
| 4 | Mitrification-Denitrification Lossof Added Nitrogenin Flooded Rice Rhizosphere显示文摘Mitrification-DenitrificationLossofAddedNitrogeninFloodedRiceRhizosphereLIXIN-HUI;ZHUZHAO-LIANG;CAIGUI-XIN;ZHOUKE-YUandCAOYA-... | LI XIN-HUI ZHU ZHAO-LIANG CAI GUI-XIN ZHOU KE-YU and CAO YA-CHENG(Institute of Soil Science, Academia Sinica, P.O .Box 821 . Nanjing (China)) | 1994 | Pedosphere1994，4，2： | 2 |
| 5 | Assessment of Neurotoxicity: Use of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein as a Biomarker显示文摘.Diverse neurotoxic insults result in proliferation and hypertrophy of astricytes.The hallmark of this response is enhanced expression of the major intermediate filament protein of astrocytes,glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP). These observations suggest that GFAP may be a useful biomarker of neurotoxicity.To investigate this possibility, we administered prototype neurotoxicants to experimental animals and assessed the effects of these agents on the tissue content of GFAP, as determined by radioimmunoassay.A review of the background,design ,and results of these experiments are presented in this paper.Our findings indicate that GFAP is a sensitive and specific biomarker of neurotoxicity. | JAMES P.O CALLAGHAN | 1991 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences1991，4，1： | 2 |
| 6 | Active Suspension for Single Wheel Statin of Onroad Track Vehicle显示文摘 | Liberzon A Rubinstein D Gutman P.O | | 0，，10： | 1 |
| 7 | Control of the Aero-Electric Power Station-an Exciting QFT Application for the 21st Century显示文摘 | Gutman P.O Horesh E Guetta R | | 0，，07： | 1 |
| 8 | Strong and ductile nanostructured Cu-carbon nanotube composite显示文摘 | Li H.Q Misra A Horita Z Koch C.C Mara N.A Dickerson P.O and Zhu Y.T | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 9 | 华北克拉通恒山—承德新太古代高压麻粒岩带构造演化显示文摘 | 李江海 pku.edu.cn) A.Kroner 钱祥麟 P.O'Brien | 2000 | 安徽地质2000，10，3： | 1 |
| 10 | Perceived Organisational Support, Satisfaction with Rewards, and Employee Job Involvement and Organisational Commitment显示文摘 | Michael P.O’Driscoll Donna M.Randall | 2007 | Applied Psychology2007，，2： | 1 |
| 11 | Financial Development and Economic Growth:The Role of Stock Markets显示文摘 | Arestis P Demetriades P.O Luintel K.B | | 0，，01： | 1 |
| 12 | SPSS and SAS programs for determining the number of components using parallel analysis and Velicer's MAP test显示文摘 | Brian P.O'connor | | 0，，03： | 1 |
| 13 | Agent-Based Business Process Management显示文摘 | N.R.Jennings P.Faratin M.J.Johnson T.J.Norman P.O’Brien M.E.Wiegand | | 0，，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Autonomous Agents for Business Process Management显示文摘 | Nicholas R.Jennings Timothy J.Norman Peyman Faratin P.O'Brien Brian Odgers | | 0，，02： | 1 |
| 15 | Executive functions and updating of the contents of working memory in unipolar depression显示文摘 | Harvey P.O Le Bastard G Pochon J.B Levy R Allilaire J.F Dubois B & Fossati P | | 0，，06： | 1 |
| 16 | Changes in Soil Solution Cu and Zn Following Application of Alkaline Stab ilised Sewage Sludge and GammaIrradiation显示文摘INTRODUCTIONThesoilsolutionisanopenaqueoussystemwheremanyofthesoil’schemicalandbiologicaltransformationsoccur,plantrootsabso... | YAN WEIDONG 1, LUO YONGMING 2 and P. CHRISTIE 2 1 Institute of Soil Science, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O Box 821, Nanjing 210008 (China) 2 Agricultural and Environmental Science Department, the Queen’s University of Belfast, Ne | 1998 | Pedosphere1998，8，2： | 1 |
| 17 | 心理逻辑理论:心理语言假设和推理角色语义学的实证研究范式(英文)显示文摘据Fodor[15]和Fodor&Pylyshyn[12]提出的'心理语言假设'认为,思维是以心理语言进行的;心理语言有一个由逻辑句法和逻辑语义组成的表征格式。据此而论,思维可以看作是这些表征的句法运算。本文认为,这一系统的语义表征可以很好地由推理角色语义学来说明,而Braine和O’Brien[3]的心理逻辑理论可以为心理语言运行的实证研究提供一个研究范式。 | David P.O’Brien 李淑静 | 2013 | 外国语2013，36，6： | 1 |
| 18 | Micro‐ and macrogeographical genetic structure of colonies of naked mole‐rats Heterocephalus glaber显示文摘 | C. G.Faulkes D. H.Abbott H. P.O’Brien L.Lau M. R.Roy R. K.Wayne M. W.Bruford | 2003 | Molecular Ecology2003，，7： | 1 |
| 19 | Nerve growth factor expression and innervation of the painful intervertebral disc显示文摘 | A. J.Freemont A.Watkins C.Le Maitre P.Baird M.Jeziorska M. T. N.Knight E. R. S.Ross J. P.O’Brien J. A.Hoyland | 2002 | Pathol2002，，3： | 1 |
| 20 | The transcrip-tional program in the response of human fibroblasts to serum显示文摘 | Iyer V.R Eisen M.B Ross D.T Schuler G Moore T Lee J.C Trent J.M Staudt L.M Jr.J.H Boguski M.S Lashkari D Shalon D Botstein D and Brown P.O | | 0，，5398： | 1 |
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