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| 1 | Human thrombin for the treatment of gastric and ectopic varices显示文摘AIM:To evaluate the efficacy of human thrombin in the treatment of bleeding gastric and ectopic varices.METHODS:Retrospective observational study in a Tertiary Referral Centre.Between January 1999-October 2005,we identified 37 patients who were endoscopically treated with human thrombin injection therapy for bleeding gastric and ectopic varices.Patient details including age,gender and aetiology of liver disease/segmental portal hypertension were documented.The thrombin was obtained from the Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service and prepared to give a solution of 250 IU/mL which was injected via a standard injection needle.All patient case notes were reviewed and the total dose of thrombin given along with the number of endoscopy sessions was recorded.Initial haemostasis rates,rebleeding rates and mortality were catalogued along with the incidence of any immediate complications which could be attributable to the thrombin therapy.The duration of follow up was also listed.The study was conducted according to the United Kingdom research ethics guidelines.RESULTS:Thirty-seven patients were included.33 patients(89%) had thrombin(250 U/mL) for gastric varices,2(5.4%) for duodenal varices,1 for rectal varices and 1 for gastric and rectal varices.(1) Gastric varices,an average of 15.2 mL of thrombin was used per patient.Re-bleeding occurred in 4 patients(10.8%),managed in 2 by a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPSS)(one unsuccessfully who died) and in other 2 by a distal splenorenal shunt;(2) Duodenal varices(or type 2 isolated gastric varices),an average of 12.5 mL was used per patient over 2-3 endoscopy sessions.Re-bleeding occurred in one patient,which was treated by TIPSS;and(3) Rectal varices,an average of 18.3 mL was used per patient over 3 endoscopy sessions.No re-bleeding occurred in this group.CONCLUSION:Human thrombin is a safe,easy to use and effective therapeutic option to control haemorrhage from gastric and ectopic varices. | Norma C McAvoy John N Plevris Peter C Hayes | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，41： | 11 |
| 2 | Dual-action penems and carbapenems显示文摘 | Alfred J C Scott L D Norma K D | 1992 | J Med Chem1992，35，10： | 1 |
| 3 | Dehydroepiandrosterone decreases while cortisol increases in vitro growth and viability of Entamoeba histolytica显示文摘 | CARRERO C J CLAUDIA C NORMA M M | 2006 | Microbes and Infection2006，8，： | 1 |
| 4 | Combined effects of technical grade fenitrothion, humic acids and particulate matter on cholinesterase activity in freshwater invertebrates显示文摘 | Alejandro Cánepa Silvana B. Basack Norma B. Casabé Noemí R. Verrengia Guerrero | 2013 | Journal of Soils and Sediments2013，，4： | 1 |
| 5 | Mechanisms of cardiovas cular changes in an experimental model of syndrome X and pharmacological intervention on the renin-angiotensin-system显示文摘 | Montserrat C Norma R | 2004 | Current Vascular Pharmacology2004，2，： | 1 |
| 6 | Time course of hexachlorobenzene - induced alterations of lipid metabolima and their relation to Forphyria显示文摘 | SILVIA B D C NORMA S S MARIA C F | 1997 | Int J Biochern Cell Biol1997，，29： | 1 |
| 7 | Quantitative determination of pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide serotype 14 using a modification of phenol - sulfuric acid method显示文摘 | Gabriela C Norma S Maria I B | 2003 | J Microbiol Meth2003，52，： | 1 |
| 8 | Quantitative determination of pneumococcal capsuar polysaccharide serotype 14 using a modification of phenol-sulfuric acid method显示文摘 | Gabriela C Norma S Maria I B | 2003 | Journal of Microbiological Methods2003，52，： | 1 |
| 9 | Quantitative determination of pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide serotype 14 using a modifi cation of phenol-sulfuric acid method显示文摘 | Gabriela C Norma S Maria I B | 2003 | Journal of Microbiological Methods2003，52，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Pollen Tube Growth in Mandarin显示文摘 | Norma L G A Ediberto A G Ana M C G | 2004 | Revista Fitotecnia Mexicana2004，27，2： | 1 |
| 11 | Metabolic profiles of sunflower genotypes with contrasting response to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum infection显示文摘 | Peluffo L Lia V Troglia C Maringolo C Norma P Escande A Esteban Hopp H Lytovchenko A Fernie A R Heinz R Carrari F | 2010 | Phytochemistry2010，71，1： | 1 |
| 12 | Inhibitors of apoptosis proteins in human cervical cancer显示文摘 | Magali E David C Norma H | 2006 | BMC Cancer2006，6，45： | 1 |
| 13 | Nitric: oxide as a mediator of fructose 1, 6-bisphosphate protection in galactosamine-indueed hepatotoxicity in rats显示文摘 | Norma A David C Sergio S | 2013 | Nitric Oxide2013，28，1： | 1 |
| 14 | Using waist circumference as a screening tool to identify colombian subjects at cardiovascular risk显示文摘 | Maritza Perez Juan P Casas Luz A Cubillos-Garzón Norma C Serrano Federico Silva Carlos A Morillo Patricio López-Jaramillo | 2003 | European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation2003，，5： | 1 |
| 15 | Endothelial NO Synthase Genotype and Risk of Preeclampsia: A Multicenter Case - Control Study显示文摘 | Norma C Serrano Juan P Casas Luis A Díaz | 2004 | Hypertension2004，44，： | 1 |
| 16 | Quantitative determination of pneumococal capsular polysaccharide serotypel4 using a modification of phenol-sulfuric acid method显示文摘 | Gabriela C Norma S MariaI B | 2003 | J Microbiol Meth2003，，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Synthesis and character- ization of organically modified attapulg- ite/polyurethane nanocompesites 显示文摘 | Wang C H Maria L Auad Norma E Marcovich | 2007 | European Polymer Joural2007，43，： | 1 |
| 18 | The effect of early age feed restriction on subsequent response to high environmental temperatures in female broiler chickens 显示文摘 | Zulkifli I Norma M T C Israf D A | 2000 | Poultry Science2000，79，： | 1 |
| 19 | Spirulina (Arthrospira) protects against valproic acid-induced neural tube defects in mice显示文摘 | GERARDO N E C NORMA P C RICARDO P P | 2012 | J Med Food2012，15，12： | 1 |
| 20 | Quantitative determination of pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide serotype 14 using a modification of phenol-sulfuric acid method显示文摘 | Gabriela C Norma S Maria I B | 2003 | Journal of Microbiological Methods2003，，52： | 1 |
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