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| 1 | Protective action of glutamine in rats with severe acute liver failure显示文摘BACKGROUND Severe acute liver failure(SALF) is a rare, but high-mortality, rapidly evolving syndrome that leads to hepatocyte degeneration with impaired liver function.Thioacetamide(TAA) is a known xenobiotic, which promotes the increase of the formation of reactive oxygen species. Erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2) activates the antioxidant protection of cells. Studies have evidenced the involvement of inflammatory mediators in conditions of oxidative stress.AIM To evaluate the antioxidant effects of glutamine on Nrf2 activation and NFκBmediated inflammation in rats with TAA-induced IHAG.METHODS Male Wistar rats(n = 28) were divided into four groups: control,control+glutamine, TAA, and TAA + glutamine. Two TAA doses(400 mg/kg)were administered intraperitoneally, 8 h apart. Glutamine(25 mg/kg) was administered at 30 min, 24 h, and 36 h. At 48 h, blood was collected for liver integrity analysis [aspartate aminotransferase(AST), alanine aminotransferase(ALT), and alkaline phosphatase(ALP)]. The liver was harvested for histology and assessment of oxidative stress [thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances(TBARS), catalase(CAT), glutathione peroxidase(GPx), glutathione S-transferase(GST), glutathione(GSH), Nrf2, Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1(Keap1),NADPH quinone oxidoreductase1(NQO1), superoxide dismutase(SOD)] and inflammatory process.RESULTS TAA caused disruption of the hepatic parenchyma, with inflammatoryinfiltration, massive necrosis, and ballooning degeneration. Glutamine mitigated this tissue damage, with visible regeneration of hepatic parenchyma; decreased TBARS(P < 0.001), GSH(P < 0.01), IL-1β, IL6, and TNFα levels(P <0.01) in hepatic tissue; and decreased blood levels of AST, ALT, and ALP(P <0.05). In addition, CAT, GPx, and GST activities were restored in the glutamine group(P<0.01, P <0.01, and P <0.001, respectively vs TAA alone). Glutamine increased expression of Nrf2(P < 0.05), NQO1, and SOD(P < 0.01), as well as levels of IL-10(P <0.001), while decreasing expression of Keap1, TLR4, NFκB(P < 0.001), COX-2 and iNOS,(P < 0.01), and reducing NO_2 and NO_3 levels(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION In the TAA experimental model of IHAG, glutamine activated the Nrf2 pathway,thus promoting antioxidant protection, and blunted the NFκB-mediated pathway, reducing inflammation. | Elizangela G Schemitt Renata M Hartmann Josieli R Colares Francielli Licks Jéferson O Salvi Cláudio A Marroni Norma P Marroni | 2019 | World Journal of Hepatology2019，11，3： | 5 |
| 2 | 循证医学 误用漏斗图的案例分析显示文摘本文要点应该使用严格的标准对循证医学中使用的方法进行评价用于检验发表偏倚的漏斗图在系统性文献综述中应用广泛漏斗图的不对称性,无论是直观上看到的或统计学检验发现的。 | Joseph Lau John P A Ioannidis Norma Terrin Christopher H Schmid Ingram Olkin 谢朝晖 | 2007 | 英国医学杂志中文版2007，10，3： | 1 |
| 3 | Morphological differentiation among local trout ( Salmo trutta ) populations显示文摘 | Susanna P Norma P | 2001 | Biological Journal of the Linnean Society2001，72，2： | 1 |
| 4 | Modelling of batch produc- tion systems using Petri nets with dynamic tokens显示文摘 | ERNESTO L M NORMA V P | 2005 | Math- ematics and Computers in Simulation2005，67，3： | 1 |
| 5 | Caseinate films modified with tung oil显示文摘 | Mariana P Mirtai A Normae M | 2010 | Food Hydrocolloids2010，24，8： | 1 |
| 6 | Metabolic profiles of sunflower genotypes with contrasting response to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum infection显示文摘 | Peluffo L Lia V Troglia C Maringolo C Norma P Escande A Esteban Hopp H Lytovchenko A Fernie A R Heinz R Carrari F | 2010 | Phytochemistry2010，71，1： | 1 |
| 7 | Using waist circumference as a screening tool to identify colombian subjects at cardiovascular risk显示文摘 | Maritza Perez Juan P Casas Luz A Cubillos-Garzón Norma C Serrano Federico Silva Carlos A Morillo Patricio López-Jaramillo | 2003 | European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation2003，，5： | 1 |
| 8 | One-pot synthesis of N,N,N',N'-tetrasubstituted ureas and oxomalonamides by oxidative carbonylation of lith- ium amides at atmospheric pressure显示文摘 | Norma S N Elizabeth S L Daniel G P | 1990 | Synthesis1990，，10： | 1 |
| 9 | Endothelial NO Synthase Genotype and Risk of Preeclampsia: A Multicenter Case - Control Study显示文摘 | Norma C Serrano Juan P Casas Luis A Díaz | 2004 | Hypertension2004，44，： | 1 |
| 10 | MHC class II sequences of susceptibility and protection in Mexicans with autoimmune hepatitis显示文摘 | Miriam Nohemí Vázquez-García Carmen Aláez Angélica Olivo Héctor Debaz Elva Pérez-Luque Ana Burguete Silvia Cano Gabriela de la Rosa Norma Bautista Arturo Hernández José Bandera Luis Fernando Torres David Kershenobich Fernando Alvarez Clara Gorodezky | 1998 | Journal of Hepatology1998，，6： | 1 |
| 11 | Warmed-over flavor analysis in low temperature-long time processed meat by an 'electronic nose'显示文摘 | GABRIELA M G CARLOS A M NORMA A P | 2000 | Meat Science2000，56，3： | 1 |
| 12 | Spirulina (Arthrospira) protects against valproic acid-induced neural tube defects in mice显示文摘 | GERARDO N E C NORMA P C RICARDO P P | 2012 | J Med Food2012，15，12： | 1 |
| 13 | Viruses and virus like particles detected during examination of feces from calves and piglets with diarrhea显示文摘 | Durham P J K Hassard L E Norma G R B | 1989 | Can Vet J1989，30，11： | 1 |
| 14 | Changes in the oral environment during four stages of orthodontic treatment 显示文摘 | LARA C E NORMA M M LEONOR S P | 2010 | Korean J Orthod2010，40，2： | 1 |
| 15 | Development and characterization of edible chitosan/olive oil emulsion films 显示文摘 | Mariana P Guillermina A Norma E M | 2012 | Carbohydrate Polymers2012，87，2： | 1 |
| 16 | Melatonin prevents oxidative stress,inflammatory activity,and DNA damage in cirrhotic rats显示文摘BACKGROUND Cirrhosis is an important health problem characterized by a significant change in liver parenchyma.In animals,this can be reproduced by an experimental model of bile duct ligation(BDL).Melatonin(MLT)is a physiological hormone synthesized from serotonin that has been studied for its beneficial properties,including its antioxidant potential.AIM To evaluate MLT’s effects on oxidative stress,the inflammatory process,and DNA damage in an experimental model of secondary biliary cirrhosis.METHODS Male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups:Control(CO),CO+MLT,BDL,and BDL+MLT.MLT was administered(20 mg/kg)daily beginning on day 15 after biliary obstruction.On day 29 the animals were killed.Blood samples,liver tissue,and bone marrow were collected for further analysis.RESULTS BDL caused changes in biochemical and histological parameters and markers of inflammatory process.Thiobarbituric acid(0.46±0.01)reactive substance levels,superoxide dismutase activity(2.30±0.07)and nitric oxide levels(2.48±0.36)were significantly lower(P<0.001)n the groups that received MLT.DNA damage was also lower(P<0.001)in MLT-treated groups(171.6±32.9)than the BDL-only group(295.5±34.8).Tissue damage and the expression of nuclear factor kappa B,interleukin-1β,Nrf2,NQO1 and Hsp70 were significantly lower in animals treated with MLT(P<0.001).CONCLUSION When administered to rats with BDL-induced secondary biliary cirrhosis,MLT effectively restored the evaluated parameters. | Josieli R Colares Renata M Hartmann Elizângela G Schemitt Sandielly R B Fonseca Marilda S Brasil Jaqueline N Picada Alexandre S Dias Aline F Bueno Cláudio A Marroni Norma P Marroni | 2022 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2022，28，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Inhibition of platelet GP Ⅱ b- Ⅲ a and P-selectin expression by aspirin is impaired by stress hyperglycemia 显示文摘 | Alexandre LG Garrett P Norma S | 2008 | Jour of Diab and its Compli2008，23，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Quercetin Administration Ameliorates Pulmonary Complications of Cirrhosis in Rats1-3显示文摘 | Tieppo Juliana Cuevas María J Vercelino Rafael Tu?ón María J Marroni Norma P González-Gallego Javier | 2009 | The Journal of Nutrition2009，，7： | 1 |
| 19 | Blood transfusion after primary total knee arthroplasty can be significantly minimised through a multimodal blood-loss prevention approach显示文摘 | Sara Moráis Miguel Ortega-Andreu Emerito Carlos Rodríguez-Merchán Norma G. Padilla-Eguiluz Hanna Pérez-Chrzanowska Reyes Figueredo-Zalve Enrique Gómez-Barrena | 2014 | International Orthopaedics2014，，2： | 1 |
| 20 | Ventilatory responses to acute hypoxia in neurokinin-1 receptor deficient mice显示文摘 | HARTMUT G NORMA P GERARD T | 2007 | Respir Physiol Neurobiol2007，159，2： | 1 |
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