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| 1 | Burden of pediatric hepatitis C显示文摘Hepatitis C virus(HCV)is a major health burden infecting 170-210 million people worldwide.Additional 3-4millions are newly-infected annually.Prevalence of pediatric infection varies from 0.05%-0.36%in the United States and Europe;up to 1.8%-5.8%in some developing countries.The highest prevalence occurs in Egypt,sub-Saharan Africa,Amazon basin and Mongolia.HCV has been present in some populations for several centuries,notably genotypes 1 and 2 in West Africa.Parenteral anti-schistosomal therapy practiced in the 1960s until the early 1980s had spread HCV infection throughout Egypt.Parenteral acquisition of HCV remains a major route for infection among Egyptian children.Insufficient screening of transfusions,unsterilized injection equipment and re-used needles and syringes continue to be major routes of HCV transmission in developing countries,whereas vertical transmission and adolescent high-risk behaviors(e.g.,injection drug abuse)are the major routes in developed countries.The risk of vertical transmission from an infected mother to her unborn/newborn infant is approximately 5%.Early stages of HCV infection in children do not lead to marked impairment in the quality of life nor to cognitive,behavioral or emotional dysfunction;however,caregiver stress and family system strain may occur.HCV slowly progresses to serious complications as cirrhosis(1%-2%)and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)especially in the presence of risk factors as hemolytic anemias,obesity,treated malignancy,and concomitant human immune deficiency and/or hepatitis B virus co-infection.HCV vaccine remains elusive to date.Understanding the immune mechanisms in patients who successfully cleared the infection is essential for vaccine development.The pediatric standard of care treatment consists of pegylated interferon-α2a or b plus ribavirin for 24-48 wk.The new oral direct acting antivirals,approved for adults,need further evaluation in children.Sustained virologic response varies depending on the viral load,genotype,duration of infection,degree of aminotransferase elevation,adiposity and single nucleotide polymorphisms of interleukin(IL)-28B locus.The goals of treatment in individual patients are virus eradication,prevention of cirrhosis and HCC,and removing stigmatization;meanwhile the overall goal is decreasing the global burden of HCV.IL-28B polymorphisms have been also associated with spontaneous clearance of vertically acquired HCV infection.The worldwide economic burden of HCV for children,families and countries is estimated to be hundreds of millions of US dollars per year.The United States,alone,is estimated to spend 199-336 million dollars in screening,monitoring and treatment during one decade.The emotional burden of having an HCV infected child in a family is more difficult to estimate. | Mortada Hassan El-Shabrawi Naglaa Mohamed Kamal Alanani | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，44： | 9 |
| 2 | Consensus statement on the epidemiology,diagnosis,prevention,and management of cow's milk protein allergy in the Middle East:a modified Delphi-based study显示文摘Background This study aimed to develop an expert consensus regarding the epidemiology,diagnosis,and management of cow’s milk protein allergy(CMPA)in the Middle East.Methods A three-step modified Delphi method was utilized to develop the consensus.Fifteen specialized pediatricians participated in the development of this consensus.Each statement was considered a consensus if it achieved an agreement level of>80%.Results The experts agreed that the double-blind placebo-controlled oral challenge test(OCT)should be performed for 2-A weeks using an amino acid formula(AAF)in formula-fed infants or children with suspected CMPA.Formula-fed infants with confirmed CMPA should be offered a therapeutic formula.The panel stated that an extensively hydrolyzed formula(eHF)is indicated in the absence of red flag signs.At the same time,the AAF is offered for infants with red flag signs,such as severe anaphylactic reactions.The panel agreed that infants on an eHF with resolved symptoms within 2-4 weeks should continue the eHF with particular attention to the growth and nutritional status.On the other hand,an AAF should be considered for infants with persistent symptoms;the AAF should be continued if the symptoms resolve within 2-4 weeks,with particular attention to the growth and nutritional status.In cases with no symptomatic improvements after the introduction of an AAF.other measures should be followed.The panel developed a management algorithm,which achieved an agreement level of 90.9%.Conclusion This consensus document combined the best available evidence and clinical experience to optimize the management of CMPA in the Middle East. | Moustafa A.El-Hodhod Mortada H.F.El-Shabrawi Ahmed AIBadi Ahmed Hussein AM Almehaidib Basil Nasrallah Ebtsam Mohammed AIBassam Hala El Feghali Hasan M.Isa Khaled Al Saraf Maroun Sokhn Mehdi Adeli Najwa Mohammed Mousa Al-Sawi Pierre Hage Suleiman Al-Hammadi | 2021 | World Journal of Pediatrics2021，17，6： | 3 |
| 3 | Investigation of structural parameters and self-aggregation of Algerian asphaltenes in organic solvents显示文摘Elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared(FTIR),1H-NMR, fluorescence spectroscopy, and surface tension methods have been used to characterize the molecular structure and the aggregation behaviors of two asphaltenic fractions derived, respectively, from an Algerian petroleum well and a corresponding storage tank deposit. Elemental analysis, FTIR,1H-NMR, and fluorescence spectroscopy were used to investigate the chemical composition and structural parameters of asphaltenes,while the surface tension method was used to measure the critical micelle concentration(CMC) in organic solvents with different solubility parameters and polarities in order to characterize the asphaltenes' aggregation behaviors.Results show that the unstable asphaltenes fraction extracted from the storage tank deposit possesses a higher polarity(higher heteroatoms content) and a lower aromaticity than stable asphaltenes from the petroleum well.The CMC results indicate that asphaltenes with high polarity and low aromaticity have a high solubility in polar solvents such as nitrobenzene, whereas asphaltenes with low polarity and high aromaticity are more soluble in solvents with weak polarity, like toluene. It is concluded that the difference of structure of asphaltene samples and polarity of solvents can lead to difference of aggregation behaviors. | Asma Larbi Mortada Daaou Abassia Faraoun | 2015 | Petroleum Science2015，12，3： | 2 |
| 4 | Histopathological changes in the oesophageal mucosa in Egyptian children with corrosive strictures: A single-centre vast experience显示文摘BACKGROUND The caustic ingestion continues to be a major problem worldwide especially in developing countries. The long-term complications include stricture and increased life time risk of oesophageal carcinoma. Patients suffered from corrosive induced oesophageal strictures have more than a 1000-fold risk of developing carcinoma of the oesophagus.AIM To determine the possibility of oesophageal mucosal dysplasia after prolonged dilatation in post corrosive stricture.METHODS This observational study was conducted at the Paediatric Endoscopy Unit in Cairo University Children's Hospital. It included children of both sexes older than 2 years of age who had an established diagnosis of post-corrosive oesophageal stricture and repeated endoscopic dilatation sessions for more than 6 mo. All patients were biopsied at the stricture site after 6 mo of endoscopic dilatation. A histopathological examination of an oesophageal mucosal biopsy was performed for the detection of chronic oesophagitis, inflammatory cellular infiltration and dysplasia.RESULTS The mean age of the enrolled children was 5.9 ± 2.6 years; 90% of the patients had ingested an alkaline corrosive substance(potash). The total number of endoscopic dilatation sessions were ranging from 16 to 100 with mean number of sessionswas 37.2 ± 14.9. Histopathological examination of the specimens showed that 85%of patients had evidence of chronic oesophagitis(group A) in the form of basal cell hyperplasia, hyperkeratosis and subepithelial fibrosis. Thirteen percent of the patients had evidence of reactive atypia(group B) in the form of severe neutrophilic intraepithelial inflammatory cellular infiltration, and 2 patients(2%)had mild squamous dysplasia(group C); we rebiopsied these two patients 6 mo after the initial pathological assessment, guided by chromoendoscopy by Lugol's iodine.CONCLUSION The histopathology of oesophageal mucosal biopsies in post-corrosive patients demonstrates evidence of chronic oesophagitis, intraepithelial inflammatory cellular infiltration and dysplasia. Dysplasia is one of the complications of postcorrosive oesophageal stricture. | Ayman EskANDer Carolyne Ghobrial Nabil A Mohsen Bahaa Mounir Dalia Abd EL-Kareem Sara Tarek Mortada HF El-Shabrawi | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，7： | 2 |
| 5 | The exposure to cadmium, lead and mercury from smoking and its impact on renal integrity 显示文摘 | Mortada W I Sobh M A E1-Defrawy M M | 2004 | Med Sci Monit2004，10，3： | 1 |
| 6 | Ocular manifestation of Xeroderma pigmentosum 显示文摘 | El Hefnawi H Mortada A | 1965 | Br J Demmtol1965，77，5： | 1 |
| 7 | Water pH and surfaetant addition effects on the stability of an algerian crude oil emulsion 显示文摘 | Mortada Daaou Dalila Bendedoueh | 2012 | Journal of Saudi Chemical Society2012，16，3： | 1 |
| 8 | Enhanced bioavailability of metoclopramide HCl by intranasal administration of a mucoadhesive in situ gel with modulated rheological and mucociliary transport properties显示文摘 | Zaki NM Awad GA Mortada ND | 2007 | Eur J Pharm Sci2007，32，45： | 1 |
| 9 | Metabolic Syndrome :Polycystic O- vary Syndrome 显示文摘 | Mortada R Williams T | 2015 | FP Essent2015，435，： | 1 |
| 10 | Pathologic and histologic results of electrical impulses in a rabbit model of atherosclerosis:24-hour versus 8-hour regimen显示文摘 | Chekanow VS Mortada ME Tchekanov GV | 2002 | J Vasc Surg2002，35，3： | 1 |
| 11 | Preparation, in vitro and in vivo evaluation of stomach - specific metronidazole - loaded alginate beads as local anti - helicobacter pylori therapy 显示文摘 | Ishak RA Awad GA Mortada ND | 2007 | J Control Release2007，119，2： | 1 |
| 12 | An insight on human skin penetration of diflunisal: lipogel versus hydrogel microemulsion 显示文摘 | Marwa Ahmed Sallam Adel Mohamed Motaw- aa and Sana Mohamed Mortada | 2015 | Drug Develo-pment and Industrial Pharmacy2015，41，14： | 1 |
| 13 | Liposomes as an ocular delivery system for acetazolamide : in vitro and in vivo studies显示文摘 | HATHOUT RM MANSOUR S MORTADA ND | 2007 | AAPS Pharm Sci Tech2007，8，1： | 1 |
| 14 | Study of lead exposure from automobile exhaust as a risk for nephrotoxicity among traffic policemen显示文摘 | MORTADA W I SOBH M A EI-DEFRAWY M M | 2001 | Am J Nephrol2001，21，4： | 1 |
| 15 | Enhanced bioavailability of metoclopramide HCl by intranasal administration of a mucoadhesive in situ gel with modulated rheological and mucociliary transport properties显示文摘 | Noha M. Zaki Gehanne A. Awad Nahed D. Mortada Seham S. Abd ElHady | 2007 | European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences2007，，4： | 1 |
| 16 | Pathologic and histologic results of electrical impulses in a rabbit model of atherosclerosis :24-hour versus 8- hour regimen 显示文摘 | Chekanov Hatak V S Mortada M E Tchekanov G V | 2002 | J Vasc Surg2002，35，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Preparation and evaluation of reverse- phase evaporation and muhilamellar niosomes as ophthalmic carriers of acetazolamide显示文摘 | Guinedi A S Mortada N D | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 18 | Hepatobiliary manifestations in children with inflammatory bowel disease:A single-center experience in a low/middle income country显示文摘BACKGROUNDThere has been a worldwide increase in the reported incidence of inflammatorybowel disease (IBD) in children over the past 2-3 decades. The hepatobiliary (HB)manifestations of IBD have been well-studied in children in industrialized anddeveloped countries but are infrequently reported in low- and middle-incomecountries (LMIC) such as Egypt.AIMTo determine the prevalence of the HB manifestations in a cohort of Egyptianchildren with IBD.METHODSThis cross-sectional observational study was carried out over a period of 6 mo(between June 2013 to December 2013, at the Paediatric Hepatology andGastroenterology Units of Cairo University Children's Hospital, which is thelargest paediatric tertiary care centre in the country.RESULTSThe study included 48 patients with confirmed IBD based upon clinical,laboratory, endoscopic and histopathological features, 29 (60.4%) were male.Twenty-four patients (50%) had ulcerative colitis (UC), 11 (22.9%) had Crohn'sdisease (CD) and 13 (27.1%) had unclassified-IBD (IBD-U), which was formerlyknown as indeterminate colitis. The mean age of the patients at the time ofpresentation was 8.14 (± SD 4.02) years and the mean age at the time of studyenrolment was 10.16 (± SD 4.19) years. All patients were screened for HBmanifestations by physical examination, liver function tests, imaging and liver biopsy when indicated. HB disorders were confirmed in 13 patients (27.1%).Transaminases were elevated in 3 patients (6.3%). Two patients (4.2%) hadelevated biliary enzymes (one was diagnosed as primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC) and the other was diagnosed with PSC/autoimmune hepatitis overlapsyndrome and the third patient had hepatitis C virus infection. Ten patients(20.8%) had bright echogenic liver on ultrasound suggesting fatty infiltration as asequel of malnutrition or medication toxicity.CONCLUSIONThe commonest HB disorders in Egyptian children with IBD were abnormal liverfunction tests, fatty infiltration and PSC. These HB manifestations in paediatricpatients in LMIC may be relatively more common than in industrializedcountries. Therefore, IBD patients in LMIC should be meticulously screened forliver disease to allow prompt diagnosis and management. | Mortada HF El-Shabrawi Sara Tarek Maha Abou-Zekri Safa Meshaal Afaf Enayet Engy Adel Mogahed | 2020 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics2020，11，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Anticancer effect of atorvastatin nanostructured polymeric micelles based on stearyl-grafted chitosan显示文摘 | George M. Mekhail Amany O. Kamel Gehanne A.S. Awad Nahed D. Mortada | 2012 | International Journal of Biological Macromolecules2012，，4： | 1 |
| 20 | Ocular Poloxamer-Based Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride In Situ Forming Gels显示文摘 | Mai Mansour Samar Mansour Nahed D. Mortada Seham S. Abd ElHady | 2008 | Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy2008，，7： | 1 |
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