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| 1 | Radiofrequency ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma:Current status显示文摘Ablation therapy is one of the best curative treatment options for malignant liver tumors,and can be an alternative to resection.Radiofrequency ablation(RFA) of primary and secondary liver cancers can be performed safely using percutaneous,laparoscopic,or open surgical techniques,and RFA has markedly changed the treatment strategy for small hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Percutaneous RFA can achieve the same overall and disease-free survival as surgical resection for patients with small HCC.The use of a laparoscopic or open approach allows repeated placements of RFA electrodes at multiple sites to ablate larger tumors.RFA combined with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization will make the treatment of larger tumors a clinically viable treatment alternative.However,an accurate evaluation of treatment response is very important to secure successful RFA therapy.Since a sufficient safety margin(at least 0.5 cm) can prevent local tumor recurrences,an accurate evaluation of treatment response is very important to secure successful RFA therapy.To minimize complications of RFA,clinicians should be familiar with the imaging features of each type of complication.Appropriate management of complications is essential for successful RFA treatment. | Yasunori Minami Masatoshi Kudo | 2010 | World Journal of Radiology2010，2，11： | 40 |
| 2 | P53-mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through a caspase-3-independent,but caspase-9-dependent pathway in oridonin-treated MCF-7 human breast cancer cells显示文摘瞄准:在 vitro 在导致 oridonin 的 MCF-7human 乳癌房间 apoptosis 学习 caspase-3-independent 机制。方法:oridonintreated MCF-7 房间的生存能力被 MTT (thiazole 蓝色) 测量试金。有压缩原子核的 Apoptotic 房间被阶段对比显微镜学设想。Nucleosomal DNA 破碎是由统帅玫瑰胶化电气泳动的 assayed。apoptotic 比率被决定由喂奶脱氢酶试金。房间周期引申 andmitochondrial 膜潜力被流动 cytometric 分析测量。Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, caspase-9,热吃惊蛋白质(Hsp ) 90, p53, p-p53, p21,(自动数据处理核糖) Poly,聚合酶(PARP ) ,和激活 caspase 的 DNase (ICAD ) 蛋白质表情的禁止者被西方的污点分析检测。结果:Oridonin 在一个时间依赖者和剂量依赖者举止禁止了房间生长。房间周期被改变通过起来 p53 和 p21 蛋白质表情的规定。Pancaspase inhibitorZ-VAD-fmk 和 calpain 禁止者 II 两个都减少了房间死亡比率。Nucleosomal DNA 破碎并且下面 DeltaPhimit 的规定在导致 oridonin 的 MCF-7 房间 apoptosis 被检测,它涉及一条 postmitochondrial caspase-9-dependent 小径。减少的 Bcl-2 和 Hsp90expression 层次和 p21 表示层次断然与 phosphorylated p53 phosphorylation 的提高的层次被相关。而且, PARP 部分被劈开 bycalpain 而非由 capase-3。结论:DNA 损坏在线粒体陆地 caspase-9 小径以及调停 p53 的房间周期拘捕挑起了引申,但是不与在导致 oridonin 的 MCF-7 房间的 caspase-3activity 有关。 | Qiao CUI Jing-hua YU Jin-nan WU Shin-ichi TASHIRO Satoshi ONODERA Mutsuhiko MINAMI Takashi IKFJIMA | 2007 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2007，28，7： | 30 |
| 3 | Therapeutic response assessment of RFA for HCC:Contrast-enhanced US,CT and MRI显示文摘Radiofrequency ablation(RFA)is commonly applied for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)because of the facile procedure,and the safety and effectiveness for the treatment of this type of tumor.On the other hand,it is believed that HCC cells should spread predominantly through the blood flow of the portal vein,which could lead to the formation of intrahepatic micrometastases.Therefore,monitoring tumor response after the treatment is quite important and accurate assessment of treatment response is critical to obtain the most favorable outcome after the RFA.Indeed,several reports suggested that even small HCCs of≤3 cm in diameter might carry intrahepatic micrometastases and/or microvascular invasion.From this point of view,for preventing local recurrences,RFA should be performed ablating a main tumor as well as its surrounding non-tumorous liver tissue where micrometastases and microvascular invasion might exist.Recent advancement of imaging modalities such as contrast-enhanced ultrasonic,computed tomography,and magnetic resonance imaging are playing an important role on assessing the therapeutic effects of RFA.The local recurrence rate tends to be low in HCC patients who were proven to have adequate ablation margin after RFA;namely,not only disappearance of vascular enhancement of main tumor,but also an adequate ablation margin.Therefore,contrast enhancement gives important findings for the diagnosis of recurrent HCCs on each imaging.However,hyperemia of non-tumorous liver surrounding the ablated lesion,which could be attributed to an inflammation after RFA,may well obscure the findings of local recurrence of HCCs after RFA.Therefore,we need to carefully address to these imaging findings given the fact that diagnostic difficulties of local recurrence of HCC.Here,we give an overview of the current status of the imaging assessment of HCC response to RFA. | Yasunori Minami Naoshi Nishida Masatoshi Kudo | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，15： | 26 |
| 4 | Small sphincterotomy combined with papillary dilation with large balloon permits retrieval of large stones without mechanical lithotripsy显示文摘瞄准:介绍一个新方法:小内视镜的括约肌切开术(ES ) 与内视镜的乳突的大汽球膨胀(SES + EPLBD ) 结合了与大胆汁的石头对待病人。方法:大胆汁的石头的检索在 88 个病人被执行。吝啬的石头尺寸是 3 公里和石头的吝啬的数字是的 14 +/- 2.5 +/- 3.5。第一,有一个小切口的 ES 被执行。下次,内视镜的乳突的膨胀与一个大汽球被执行慢慢地匹配胆汁管的尺寸。石头然后与一个汽球和一个篮子从胆汁的管被检索。结果:没有需要,石头检索在除了一个膀胱的管石头盒子的所有情况中是成功的压碎大石头。吝啬的过程时间是 30 +/- 5 min。与一个大汽球扩大乳突的孔使没有压碎他们,顺利移开大石头可能。在有大汽球的膨胀以后,有流着,而是没有穿孔的一些例子。procedural 以后胰腺炎(1%) 的一个例子发生了。结论:没有机械碎石术的使用, SES + EPLBD 为大胆汁的石头的检索是有效的。 | Atsushi Minami Shinji Hirose Tomohiro Nomoto Shoichiro Hayakawa | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，15： | 24 |
| 5 | Review of dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound guidance in ablation therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘Local ablative techniques-percutaneous ethanol injection, microwave coagulation therapy and radiofrequency ablation (RFA)-have been developed to treat unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The success rate of percutaneous ablation therapy for HCC depends on correct targeting of the tumor via an imaging technique. However, probe insertion often is not completely accurate for small HCC nodules, which are poorly def ined on conventional B-mode ultrasound (US) alone. Thus, multiple sessions of ablation therapy are frequently required in diffi cult cases. By means of two breakthroughs in US technology, harmonic imaging and the development of second-generation contrast agents, dynamic contrast-enhanced harmonic US imaging with an intravenous contrast agent can depict tumor vascularity sensitively and accurately, and is able to evaluate small hypervascular HCCs even when B-mode US cannot adequately characterize the tumors. Therefore, dynamic contrast-enhanced US can facilitate RFA electrode placement in hypervascular HCC, which is poorly depicted by B-mode US. The use of dynamic contrast-enhanced US guidance in ablation therapy for liver cancer is an effi cient approach. Here, we present an overview of the current status of dynamic contrast-enhanced US-guided ablation therapy, and summarize the current indications and outcomes of reported clinical use in comparison with that of other modalities. | Yasunori Minami Masatoshi Kudo | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，45： | 23 |
| 6 | A High-Throughput Screening System for Arabidopsis Transcription Factors and Its Application to Med25-Dependent Transcriptional Regulation显示文摘抄写因素(TF ) 的活动与特定的 DNA 序列和另外的规章的蛋白质要求相互作用。在 Arabidopsis 检测如此的相互作用,我们与 1589 Arabidopsis TF 的一个网关兼容机 Gal4-ADTF 图书馆开发了一个高产量的屏蔽系统,它能被基于配偶的 yeast-one-hybrid (Y1H ) 和 yeast-two-hybrid (Y2H ) 容易屏蔽方法。系统的效率被检验二个描绘得好的 TFDNA 和 TFprotein 相互作用验证:由由 Y2H 的 Y1H 和 NPR1TGAs 相互作用的 CHECCA1 倡导者相互作用。我们使用了这个系统识别与一个调停人子单元交往的八 TF, Med25,在 JA 发信号的一个关键管理者。我们识别了在 PDF1.2 的倡导者与 GCC 盒子 cis 元素交往了的五 TF, Med25 的下游的基因。我们发现都从 AP2-EREBP 家庭,三这些 TF 与 Med25 和 PDF1.2 的 GCC 盒子两个都直接交往,建议 Med25 调整通过这三 TF 的 PDF1.2 表示。这些结果证明屏蔽系统的这高产量的 Y1H/Y2H 是为在 Arabidopsis 学习 transcriptional 规定网络的一个有效工具。这个系统将为另外的 Arabidopsis 研究人员是可得到的,并且因此,它为 Arabidopsis 社区提供一个重要资源。 | Bin Oua Kang-Quan Yin Sai-Nan Liu Yan Yang Tren Gu Jennifer Man Wing Hui Li Zhang Jin Miao Youichi Kondou Minami Matsui Hong-Ya Gu Li-Jia Qu | 2011 | Molecular Plant2011，4，3： | 19 |
| 7 | Interleukin-17 levels in Helicobacter pylori-infected gastric mucosa and pathologic sequelae of colonization显示文摘AIM: To determine the role of interleukin (IL)-17 in gastric ulcerogenesis. METHODS: Thirty-six gastric ulcer (GU) patients and 29 non-ulcer (NU) patients were enrolled in this study. Mucosal biopsy samples were obtained from the gastric antrum and GU site during endoscopy. Samples were used in in situ stimulation for 48 h in the presence of 10 μg/mL phytohemagglutinin-P (PHA), histological examination, and Helicobacter pylori(H pylori) culture. IL-17 and IL-8 protein levels in culture supernatants were assayed by ELISA. IL-17 mRNA expression was analyzed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). H pylori cagA and vacA status was assessed by reverse hybridization using a line probe assay (LiPA). IL-8 levels in culture supernatants were assayed after AGS cells were co-cultured with H pylori strain 26 695 or recombinant human (rh) IL-17. RESULTS: All 36 GU patients and 15 of 29 NU patients were found to be H pylori-positive, while 14 NU patients were H pylori-negative. All 51 H pylori strains from both GU and NU patients were cagA- and vacAs1/m1-positive. Antral mucosal tissues from H pylori-positive patients contained significantly (H pylori-positive NU patients: median 467 pg/mg/protein, range 53-2 499; H pylori-negative NU patients: median 104 pg/mg/protein, range 16-312, P<0.0005) higher levels of IL-17 than those from uninfected patients. IL-17 levels at the ulcer site were significantly (ulcer site: median 1356 pg/mg/protein, range 121-1 3730; antrum: median 761 pg/mg/protein, range 24-7 620, P<0.005) higher than those at distant sites in the antrum. Biopsies from H pylori-positive GU and NU patients showed IL-17 mRNA expression in all samples whereas those from the antrum of the H pylori-negative controls showed no detectable expression. A significant correlation was seen between IL-17 and IL-8 levels at each biopsy site (ulcer: r= 0.62, P<0.0001; antrum: r = 0.61, P<0.0001) in GU patients. RhIL-17 and H pylori strain 26 695 each stimulated IL-8 production from AGS cells. CONCLUSION: IL-17 may play an important role in the inflammatory response to H pylori colonization, and may ultimately influence the outcome of H pylori-associated diseases that arise within the context of gastritis. | Tomokazu Mizuno Takafumi Ando Kazuo Nobata Tomoyuki Tsuzuki Osamu Maeda Osamu Watanabe Masaaki Minami Kenji Ina Kazuo Kusugami Richard M. Peek Hidemi Goto | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，40： | 18 |
| 8 | Metabolomic Screening Applied to Rice FOX Arabidopsis Lines Leads to the Identification of a Gene-Changing Nitrogen Metabolism显示文摘植物 metabolomics 作为一个强大的工具发展了检验基因功能并且获得更深的卓见进植物房间的生理学。在这研究,我们屏蔽了 Arabidopsis 线 overexpressing 米饭全身(FL ) 用煤气的 chromatographytime-of-flight 团 spectrometry (GCTOF/MS ) 的 cDNAs (米饭狐狸 Arabidopsis 线) 基于技术识别引起了新陈代谢的变化的米饭基因。这个屏蔽系统允许显示出改变的代谢物侧面的候选人线的快、可靠的鉴定。我们执行了怀有 Arabidopsis 的侧面的机关边界(高球) 领域(LBD )/Asymmetric 象 Leaves2 一样(ASL ) 基因的米饭 ortholog 的 FL cDNA 的一根米饭狐狸 Arabidopsis 线的 metabolomic 和 transcriptomic 分析, At-LBD37/ASL39。调查米饭狐狸 Arabidopsis 线在与氮新陈代谢有关的代谢物的层次显示出突出的变化。象从 Arabidopsis At-LBD37/ASL39-overexpressor 植物的代谢物分析的结果一样的 transcriptomic 数据与这些调查结果一致。而且, Os-LBD37/ASL39-overexpressing 米饭植物的 metabolomic 和 transcriptomic 分析显示 Os-LBD37/ASL39 在米饭与与氮新陈代谢有关的过程被联系。因此,一个基于 metabolomics 的屏蔽方法的联合和一条 gain-of-function 途径为在 Arabidopsis 和米饭的新奇基因的快速的描述是有用的。 | Doris Albinsky Miyako Kusano Mieko Higuchi Naomi Hayashi Makoto Kobayashi Atsushi Fukushima Masaki Mori Takanari Ichikawa Keiko Matsui Hirofumi Kuroda Yoko Horii Yuko Tsumoto Hitoshi Sakakibara Hirohiko Hirochika Minami Matsui Kazuki Saito | 2010 | Molecular Plant2010，3，1： | 15 |
| 9 | Cytomegalovirus infection in severe ulcerative colitis patients undergoing continuous intravenous cyclosporine treatment in Japan显示文摘AIM: To investigate active cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection following the cyclosporine A (CyA) treatment of steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis (UC).METHODS: Twenty-three patients with severe UC not responding to steroid therapy (male 14, and female 9) enrolled at Nagoya University Hospital from 1999 to 2005. They received continuous intravenous infusion of CyA (average 4 mg/kg per day) for 1 mo. Serum and colonic biopsy samples were collected before CyA treatment and 4 d, 10 d, 20 d, and 30 d after treatment. Patients were evaluated for CMV by using serology (IgM antibody by ELISA), quantitative real-time PCR for CMV DNA, and histopathological assessment of hematoxylin and eosin (HE)-stained colonic biopsies. CMV infection was indicated by positive results in any test. RESULTS: No patients had active CMV infection before CyA treatment. Eighteen of 23 UC patients treated with CyA were infected with active CMV (IgM antibody in 16/23 patients, 69.6%; CMV DNA in 18/23 patients, 78.2%; and inclusion bodies in 4/23 patients, 17.3%). There was no difference in the active CMV-infection rate between males and females. Active CMV infection was observed after approximately 8 d of CyA treatment, leading to an exacerbation of colitis. Fifteen of these 18 patients with active CMV infection (83.3%) required surgical treatment because of severe deteriorating colitis. Treatment with ganciclovir rendered surgery avoidable in three patients. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that active CMVinfection in severe UC patients treated with CyA is associated with poor outcome. Further, ganciclovir is useful for treatment of CMV-associated UC after immuno-suppressive therapy. | Masaaki Minami Michio Ohta Teruko Ohkura Takafumi Ando Naoki Ohmiya Yasumasa Niwa Hidemi Goto | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，5： | 13 |
| 10 | Generalized crack initiation and crack damage stress thresholds of brittle rock masses near underground excavations显示文摘 | M Cai P.K Kaiser Y Tasaka T Maejima H Morioka M Minami | 2004 | International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences2004，，5： | 9 |
| 11 | 采用预喷射减少柴油机的NO_x排放显示文摘在一台涡轮增压直喷式柴油机上研究了预喷射对柴油机燃烧的影响。在改变预喷射油量和定时的情况下,测定了各种喷油条件下的发动机排放。结果表明,预喷射能减少低负荷时的NO_x和总HC排放,并能在一定程度上改善燃油耗。为了解这一现象,对柴油机的燃烧进行了分析,并用内窥镜观察了燃烧过程。发现预喷射之所以能降低燃气平均温度是由于限制了预混合燃烧以及延缓扩散燃烧的缘故。摄取了预喷射燃烧产生的燃气被喷入预喷射燃烧火焰中的主喷射油束卷吸而导致燃烧延缓的照片。 | Minami T Takeuchi K Shimazaki N 朱炳全 | 1998 | 国外内燃机1998，30，1： | 9 |
| 12 | Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) for esophageal achalasia*显示文摘 | H. Inoue H. Minami Y. Kobayashi Y. Sato M. Kaga M. Suzuki H. Satodate N. Odaka H. Itoh S. Kudo | 2010 | Endoscopy2010，，04： | 8 |
| 13 | Contrast-enhanced harmonic ultrasound imaging in ablation therapy for primary hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘The success rate of percutaneous radiofrequency(RF)ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)depends on correct targeting via an imaging technique.However,RF electrode insertion is not completely accurate for residual HCC nodules because B-mode ultrasound(US),color Doppler,and power Doppler US findings cannot adequately differentiate between treated and viable residual tumor tissue.Electrode insertion is also difficult when we must identify the true HCC nodule among many large regenerated nodules in cirrhotic liver.Two breakthroughs in the field of US technology,harmonic imaging and the development of second-generation contrast agents,have recently been described and have demonstrated the potential to dramatically broaden the scope of US diagnosis of hepatic lesions.Contrast-enhanced harmonic US imaging with an intravenous contrast agent can evaluate small hypervascular HCC even when B-mode US cannot adequately characterize tumor.Therefore,contrast-enhanced harmonic US can facilitate RF ablation electrode placement in hypervascular HCC,which is poorly depicted by B-mode US.The use of contrast-enhanced harmonic US in ablation therapy for liver cancer is an efficient approach. | Yasunori Minami Masatoshi Kudo | 2009 | World Journal of Radiology2009，1，1： | 7 |
| 14 | 白细胞素2/白细胞介素2受体系统的新进展显示文摘本文综述了白细胞介素2受体(IL-2R)的三种组成成份的分布、作用、基因组成,尤其是IL-2与IL-2R相互作用而介导的信号传递途径与可能的机制,从而提出IL-2R链成分可能与其他非细胞因子受体分子发生联系而产生新的信号复合体这一大胆而诱人的新观点. | Tatatsugu Taniguchi yasuhiro Minami 李翠玲 | 1993 | 国外医学(免疫学分册)1993，16，6： | 6 |
| 15 | Simultaneous Oxidization of NO_x and SO_2 by a New Non-thermal Plasma Reactor Enhanced by Catalyst and Additive显示文摘The non-thermal plasma as one of the most promising technologies for removingNO_x and SO_2 has attracted much attention.In this study,a new plasma reactor combined withcatalyst and additive was developed to effectively oxidize and remove NO_x and SO_2 in the fluegas.The experimental results showed that TiO_2 could improve the oxidation efficiency of SO_2 inthe case of applying plasma while having a negative effect on the oxidation process of NO andNO_x.With the addition of NH_3,the oxidation rates of NO_x,NO and SO_2 were slightly increased.However,the effect of adding NH_3 on NO_x oxidation was negative when the temperature wasabove 200℃. | Heejoon KIM 韩军 Yuhei SAKAGUCHI Wataru MINAMI | 2008 | Plasma Science and Technology2008，10，1： | 6 |
| 16 | Factors associated with the overall survival of elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘AIM:To identify the factors associated with overall survival of elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS:A total of 286 patients with HCC(male/female:178/108,age:46-100 years),who were diagnosed and treated by appropriate therapeutic procedures between January 2000 and December 2010,were enrolled in this study.Patients were stratified into two groups on the basis of age:Elderly(≥ 75 years old) and non-elderly(< 75 years old).Baseline clinical characteristics as well as cumulative survival rates were then compared between the two groups.Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify the factors associated with prolonged overall survival of patients in each group.Cumulative survival rates in the two groups were calculated separately for each modified Japan Integrated Stage score(mJIS score) category by the Kaplan-Meier method.In addition,we compared the cumulative survival rates of elderly and non-elderly patients with good hepatic reserve capacity(≤ 2 points as per mJIS).RESULTS:In the elderly group,the proportion of female patients,patients with absence of hepatitis B or hepatitis C viral infection,and patients with coexisting extrahepatic comorbid illness was higher(56.8% vs 31.1%,P < 0.001;27.0% vs 16.0%,P = 0.038;33.8% vs 22.2%,P = 0.047;respectively) than that in the nonelderly group.In the non-elderly group,the proportion of hepatitis B virus(HBV)-infected patients was higher than that in the elderly group(9.4% vs 0%,P = 0.006).The cumulative survival rates in the elderly group were 53.7% at 3 years and 32.9% at 5 years,which were equivalent to those in the non-elderly group(55.9% and 39.4%,respectively),as shown by a log-rank test(P = 0.601).In multivariate analysis,prolonged survival was significantly associated with the extent of liver damage and stage(P < 0.001 and P < 0.001,respectively),but was not associated with patient age.However,on individual evaluation of factors in both groups,stage was significantly(P < 0.001) associated with prolonged survival.Regarding mJIS scores of ≤ 2,the rate of female patients with this score was higher in the elderly group when compared to that in the non-elderly group(P = 0.012) and patients ≥ 80 years of age tended to demonstrate shortened survival.CONCLUSION:Survival of elderly HCC patients was associated with liver damage and stage,but not age,except for patients ≥ 80 years with mJIS score ≤ 2. | Hideki Fujii Yoshito Itoh Naoki Ohnishi Masafumi Sakamoto Tohru Ohkawara Yoshihiko Sawa Koichi Nishida Yasuo Ohkawara Kanji Yamaguchi Masahito Minami Takeshi Okanoue | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，16： | 4 |
| 17 | FLAC/PFC coupled numerical simulation of AE in large-scale underground excavations显示文摘 | M. Cai P.K. Kaiser H. Morioka M. Minami T. Maejima Y. Tasaka H. Kurose | 2006 | International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences2006，，4： | 4 |
| 18 | A minimized fluorescent chemosensor array utilizing carboxylate-attached polythiophenes on a chip for metal ions detection显示文摘Chemosensor arrays have a great potential for on-site applications in real-world scenarios.However,to fabricate on chemosensor array a number of chemosensors are required to obtain various optical patterns for multianalyte detection.Herein,we propose a minimized chemosensor array composed of only two types of carboxylate-functionalized polythiophene derivatives for the detection of eight types of metal ions.Upon recognition of the metal ions,the polythiophenes exhibited changes in their fluorescence intensity and various spectral shifts.Although both chemosensors have the same polymer backbone and recognition moiety,only the difference in the number of methylene groups contributed to the difference in the fluorescence response patterns.Consequently,the metal ions in aqueous media were successfully discriminated qualitatively and quantitatively by the chemosensor microarray on the glass chip.This study offers an approach for achieving a minimized chemosensor array just by changing the alkyl chain lengths without the necessity for many receptors and reporters. | Yui Sasaki Xiaojun Lyu Zhoujie Zhang Tsuyoshi Minami | 2022 | Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering2022，16，1： | 4 |
| 19 | Challenges of reducing excess nitrogen in Japanese agroecosystems显示文摘Fertilizer N use in Japan has decreased by about 30% from 1960 to 2000, while keeping a little increase in cereal yields. This has resulted in a significant increase in apparent nitrogen use efficiency, in particular for rice. On the other hand, national N Icad on the environment associated with the production and consumption of domestic and imported agricultural products has almost tripled during this period, mainly due to the dramatic increase of imports of food and feedstuffs. The environmental problems, including water and air pollution, caused by the excessive loads of N are serious public concerns and there is an urgent need to minimize N losses from agricultural production. In order to meet the necessity for reducing the environmental impacts by excess N, political and technological measures have been taken at regional and country levels. In recent years, the Japanese government has embarked on a series of policies to encourage transition to an environmentally conscious agriculture. Promoting proper material circulation with reducing fertilizer impact and utilizing biomass and livestock wastes is emphasized in these policies. The effectiveness of environmental assessment and planning for reducing regional and national N Icad has been discussed. Implementation of environmentally friendly technologies and management, both conventional and innovational, have been developed and adopted in Japanese agriculture. The effectiveness of conventional technologies in reducing environmental reactive N has been re-evaluated. Innovative technologies, such as use of controlled availability fertilizers and livestock wastes compost pellets, are being investigated and extended.A comprehensive approach that applies political and technological measures with closer cooperation is necessary to control reactive N in the environment. | Kazuyuki YAGI Katsuyuki MINAMI | 2005 | Science China(Life Sciences)2005，48，z2： | 3 |
| 20 | Real-world efficacy of daclatasvir and asunaprevir with respect to resistance-associated substitutions显示文摘AIM To investigate daclatasvir(DCV) and asunaprevir(ASV) efficacy in hepatitis C(HCV) patients, with respect to resistance-associated substitutions(RASs).METHODS A total of 392 HCV-infected patients from multiple centers were included in this study. We evaluated their clinical courses and sustained virologic responses(SVR) according to pretreatment factors(gender, age, history of interferon-based regimens, platelet counts, level of viremia, pretreatment NA5A:L31, and Y93 substitutions). We also analyzed the pretreatment and post-treatment major RASs of NS3:D168, NS5A:L31 and Y93 substitutions using a direct-sequencing method in 17 patients who were unable to achieve SVR at 12 wk after treatment completion(SVR12).RESULTS The overall SVR12 rate was 88.3%. Thirty-one patients discontinued treatment before 24 wk because of adverse events, 23 of whom achieved SVR12. There were no significant differences in SVR12 rates with respect to gender, age, history of interferon-based regimens, and platelet counts. The SVR12 rate in patients with viral loads of ≥ 6.0 log IU/m L was significantly lower than those with viral loads of < 6.0 log IU/m L(P < 0.001). The SVR12 rate in patients with Y93 substitution-positive was significantly lower than those with Y93 substitution-negative(P < 0.001). The L31 substitution-positive group showed a lower SVR12 rate than the L31 substitution-negative group, but the difference was not statistically significant. Seventeen patients who did not achieve SVR12 and had available pretreatment and post-treatment sera had additional RASs in NS3:D168, NS5:L31, and Y93 substitution at treatment failure.CONCLUSION Combination of DCV and ASV is associated with a high SVR rate. Baseline RASs should be thoroughly assessed to avoid additional RASs after treatment failure. | Hideki Fujii Atsushi Umemura Taichiro Nishikawa Kanji Yamaguchi Michihisa Moriguchi Hideki Nakamura Kohichiroh Yasui Masahito Minami Saiyu Tanaka Hiroki Ishikawa Hiroyuki Kimura Shiro Takami Yasuyuki Nagao Toshihide Shima Yoshito Itoh | 2017 | World Journal of Hepatology2017，9，25： | 3 |
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