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| 1 | Autoimmune liver serology:Current diagnostic and clinical challenges显示文摘Liver-related autoantibodies are crucial for the correct diagnosis and classification of autoimmune liver diseas-es(AiLD),namely autoimmune hepatitis types 1 and 2(AIH-1 and 2),primary biliary cirrhosis(PBC),and the sclerosing cholangitis variants in adults and children.AIH-1 is specified by anti-nuclear antibody(ANA) and smooth muscle antibody(SMA).AIH-2 is specified by antibody to liver kidney microsomal antigen type-1(anti-LKM1) and anti-liver cytosol type 1(anti-LC1).SMA,ANA and anti-LKM antibodies can be present in de-novo AIH following liver transplantation.PBC is specified by antimitochondrial antibodies(AMA) react-ing with enzymes of the 2-oxo-acid dehydrogenase complexes(chiefly pyruvate dehydrogenase complex E2 subunit) and disease-specific ANA mainly react-ing with nuclear pore gp210 and nuclear body sp100.Sclerosing cholangitis presents as at least two variants,first the classical primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC) mostly affecting adult men wherein the only(and non-specific) reactivity is an atypical perinuclear antineutro-phil cytoplasmic antibody(p-ANCA),also termed peri-nuclear anti-neutrophil nuclear antibodies(p-ANNA) and second the childhood disease called autoimmune sclerosing cholangitis(ASC) with serological features resembling those of type 1 AIH.Liver diagnostic serol-ogy is a fast-expanding area of investigation as new purified and recombinant autoantigens,and automatedtechnologies such as ELISAs and bead assays,become available to complement(or even compete with) tradi-tional immunofluorescence procedures.We survey for the first time global trends in quality assurance impact-ing as it does on(1) manufacturers/purveyors of kits and reagents,(2) diagnostic service laboratories that fulfill clinicians' requirements,and(3) the end-user,the physician providing patient care,who must properly interpret test results in the overall clinical context. | Dimitrios P Bogdanos Diego Vergani Pietro Invernizzi Ian R Mackay | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，21： | 40 |
| 2 | Potential role of tetrandrine in cancer therapy显示文摘Tetrandrine,a bisbenylisoquinoline alkaloid isolated from the dried root of Stephenia tetrandra S Moore,exhibits very broad pharmacological actions,including anti-tumor activity.The beneficial effects of tetrandrine on tumor cell cytotoxicity and radiosensitization,multidrug resistance,normal tissue radioprotection,and angiogenesis are most promising and deserve great attention.Tetrandrine has potential either as a tumoricidal agent or as an adjunct to chemotherapy and radiotherapy.to evaluate the potential clinical efficacy of tetrandrine for cancer therapy,more mechanism-based pharmacological,pharmacokinetic,and pharmacodynamic studies are required. | CHEN Yu-JenDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan 104, Department of Martial Arts, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan 111, China | 2002 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2002，23，12： | 38 |
| 3 | Multilineage potential of adult human mesenchymal stem cells显示文摘 | Pittenger MF Mackay AM Beck SC | | 0，，： | 18 |
| 4 | Enhanced recovery programme in colorectal surgery:Does one size fit all?显示文摘Enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS) employs a multimodal perioperative care pathway with the aim of attenuating the stress response to surgery and accelerating recovery.It has been difficult to determine the relative importance of some of the individual components of these pathways such as epidural analgesia and laparoscopic colorectal surgery.Some argue that only a rigid adherence to the published ERAS protocol can achieve the proposed benefits of fast-track surgery.In this article,we explore some of the areas where the evidence base may be changing and ask whether a more flexible and individualised approach should be considered. | Alison Lyon Christopher J Payne Graham J MacKay | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，40： | 18 |
| 5 | 绞股蓝的化学成分研究——Ⅰ.一种新的达玛烷——绞股蓝皂苷元Ⅱ的结构显示文摘云南孟连产绞股蓝水提取物经矿酸水解,分离出三个结晶,结晶Ⅱ经紫外光谱,红外光谱,核磁共振氢谱,核磁共振碳谱,质谱测定,并经 X 射线衍射分析,确定其结构为20R-21,24-环-3β,25-二羟基达玛-23(24)-烯-21-酮,是首次发现侧链为环戊烯酮的新达玛烷,命名为绞股蓝苷元Ⅱ(1).结晶Ⅲ为已知黄酮类化合物商陆黄素(ombuin)(2). | 魏均娴 陈业高 徐兴伦 方洪良 陈国才 Mackay M.F. | 1991 | 化学学报1991，49，9： | 10 |
| 6 | 常规脂蛋白检测和载脂蛋白在心血管病预测中的比较显示文摘总胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)测量值对于心血管病风险评估至关重要,但对于其他脂质用于风险预测的效用一直存在争议。该研究纳入来自英国生物银行(Biobank)的无基线心血管病、未服用他汀类药物、有相关的脂质指标(n=346 686)的受试者。 | Welsh C Celis-Morales CA Brown R Mackay DF Lewsey J Mark PB Gray SR Ferguson LD Anderson JJ Lyall DM Cleland JG Jhund PS Gill J MR Pell JP Sattar N Welsh P 刘青(译) 叶鹏(摘、审校) | 2019 | 中华高血压杂志2019，27，7： | 10 |
| 7 | Etiopathogenesis of primary biliary cirrhosis显示文摘Primary biliary cirrhosis(PBC) is an autoimmune disease of the liver characterized by progressive bile duct destruction eventually leading to cirrhosis and liver failure.The serological hallmark of the disease is the presence of circulating antimitochondrial antibodies(AMA).These reflect the presence of autoreactive T and B cells to the culprit antigens,the E2 subunits of mitochondrial 2-oxo-acid dehydrogenase enzymes,chiefly pyruvate dehydrogenase(PDC-E2).The disease results from a combination of genetic and environmental risk factors.Genetic predisposition is indicated by the higher familial incidence of the disease particularly among siblings and the high concordance rate among monozygotic twins.Environmental triggering events appear crucial to disrupt a pre-existing unstable immune tolerance of genetic origin allowing,after a long latency,the emergence of clinical disease.Initiating mimetopes of the vulnerable epitope of the PDC-E2 autoantigen can be derived from microbes that utilize the PDC enzyme or,alternatively,environmental xenobiotics/chemical compounds that modify the structure of native proteins to make them immunogenic.A further alternative as a source of antigen is PDC-E2 derived from apoptotic cells.In the effector phase the biliary ductular cell,by reason of itsproclivity to express the antigen PDC-E2 in the course of apoptosis,undergoes a multilineage immune attack comprised of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and antibody.In this article,we critically review the available evidence on etiopathogenesis of PBC and present interpretations of complex data,new developments and theories,and nominate directions for future research. | Ana Lleo Pietro Invernizzi Ian R Mackay Harry Prince Ren-Qian Zhong M Eric Gershwin | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，21： | 9 |
| 8 | 高纤维膳食和补充乙酸盐改变肠道菌群,预防醋酸脱氧皮质酮-盐型高血压小鼠高血压和心力衰竭的发展显示文摘水果和蔬菜的膳食摄入与高血压的发生率较低有关,但所涉及的机制尚未阐明。该研究评估了高纤维膳食和短链脂肪酸(short-chain fatty acid,SCFA)(乙酸盐)对肠道微生物群和预防心血管病的影响。方法:用盐皮质激素诱发小鼠高血压模型,观测正常喂食组、高纤维喂食组和补充乙酸盐组的肠道微生物、心脏结构/功能和血压水平。 | 刘莉 叶鹏 Marques FZ Nelson EM Chu PY Horlock D Fiedler A Ziemann M Tan JK Kuruppu S Rajapakse NW El-Osta A Mackay CR Kaye DM | 2016 | 中华高血压杂志2016，24，12： | 8 |
| 9 | 口述历史编目显示文摘编目是使信息资源具有可用性的必要步骤。由于口述历史属于存储介质复杂的智力资源,因此其编目比普通资料的编目更为复杂。编目员必须借鉴书本、手稿和视听资料的标准来恰当地描述这些重要的资源。文章分析了口述历史的编目过程,并指出了其特殊考虑之处。此外,还提供了可适用于个别机构的实用编目技巧。尽管编目的总体原则是全球通用的,但本文所描述的标准和做法是基于作者在美国的计算机环境下作为口述历史学家和编目员的经验而形成的,不过它们可以很容易地被应用于世界各地的图书馆和档案馆。 | Nancy Mackay 尹培丽 | 2018 | 图书馆研究与工作2018，，1： | 6 |
| 10 | New approaches to characterizing urban air particles in central London显示文摘Atmospheric particles in central London during July 1996 have been apportioned to sources by two complimentary techniques: (1) morphological characteristics, determined using high power light microscopy; (2) chemical composition determined by energy dispersive spectroscopy. During the study period, the majority of particles were found to be either biological in origin, or from vehicle related combustion processes. Trends in the latter group of particles are explored further. Numbers of particles per cubic metre were determined at an hourly resolution over a period of six days, and were found to be significantly correlated with other traffic pollutants such as benzene and 1,3 butadiene, although there is no relationship with mass of PM10 as measured by a nearby UK Government monitoring station. We suggest in this paper that numbers of particles from car exhausts are more representative of traffic pollution than current estimates which use monitoring by mass. | A.W. Mackay *, X. Long *, N.L. Rose *, R.W. Battarbee Environmental Change Research Centre, University College London, 26 Bedford Way, London. WC1H0AP, UK | 1999 | Journal of Environmental Sciences1999，11，3： | 6 |
| 11 | Clinical outcomes following salvage Gamma Knife radiosurgery for recurrent glioblastoma显示文摘Glioblastoma multiforme(GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor with a survival prognosis of 14-16 mo for the highest functioning patients. Despite aggressive, multimodal upfront therapies, the majority of GBMs will recur in approximately six months. Salvage therapy options for recurrent GBM(r GBM) are an area of intense research. This study compares recent survival and quality of life outcomes following Gamma Knife radiosurgery(GKRS) salvage therapy. Following a Pub Med search for studies usingGKRS as salvage therapy for malignant gliomas, nine articles from 2005 to July 2013 were identified which evaluated rG BM treatment. In this review, we compare overall survival following diagnosis, overall survival following salvage treatment, progression-free survival, time to recurrence, local tumor control, and adverse radiation effects. This report discusses results for rG BM patient populations alone, not for mixed populations with other tumor histology grades. All nine studies reported median overall survival rates(from diagnosis, range:16.7-33.2 mo; from salvage, range:9-17.9 mo). Three studies identified median progression-free survival(range:4.6-14.9 mo). Two showed median time to recurrence of GBM. Two discussed local tumor control. Six studies reported adverse radiation effects(range:0%-46% of patients). The greatest survival advantages were seen in patients who received GKRS salvage along with other treatments, like resection or bevacizumab, suggesting that appropriately tailored multimodal therapy should be considered with each rG BM patient. However, there needs to be a randomized clinical trial to test GKRS for rG BM before the possibility of selection bias can be dismissed. | Erik W Larson Halloran E Peterson Wayne T Lamoreaux Alexander R MacKay Robert K Fairbanks Jason A Call Jonathan D Carlson Benjamin C Ling John J Demakas Barton S Cooke Christopher M Lee | 2014 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2014，5，2： | 5 |
| 12 | The Changing Cold Regions Network:Observation,diagnosis and prediction of environmental change in the Saskatchewan and Mackenzie River Basins,Canada显示文摘Climate change is causing rapid and severe changes to many Earth systems and processes,with widespread cryospheric,ecological,and hydrological impacts globally,and especially in high northern latitudes.This is of major societal concern and there is an urgent need for improved understanding and predictive tools for environmental management.The Changing Cold Regions Network(CCRN)is a Canadian research consortium with a focus to integrate existing and new experimental data with modelling and remote sensing products to understand,diagnose,and predict changing land,water,and climate,and their interactions and feedbacks over the geographic domain of the Mackenzie and Saskatchewan River Basins in Canada.The network operates a set of 14 unique and focused Water,Ecosystem,Cryosphere and Climate(WECC)observatories within this region,which provide opportunities to observe and understand processes and their interaction,as well as develop and test numerical simulation models,and provide validation data for remote sensing products.This paper describes this network and its observational,experimental,and modelling programme.An overview of many of the recent Earth system changes observed across the study region is provided,and some local insights from WECC observatories that may partly explain regional patterns and trends are described.Several of the model products being developed are discussed,and linkages with the local to international user community are reviewed—In particular,the use of WECC data towards model and remote sensing product calibration and validation is highlighted.Some future activities and prospects for the network are also presented at the end of the paper. | Chris M DEBEER Howard S WHEATER William L QUINTON Sean K CAREY Ronald E STEWART Murray D MACKAY Philip MARSH | 2015 | Science China Earth Sciences2015，58，1： | 5 |
| 13 | International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group Report: review of criteria for diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis显示文摘 | F. Alvarez P.A. Berg F.B. Bianchi L. Bianchi A.K. Burroughs E.L. Cancado R.W. Chapman W.G.E. Cooksley A.J. Czaja V.J. Desmet P.T. Donaldson A.L.W.F. Eddleston L. Fainboim J. Heathcote J.-C. Homberg J.H. Hoofnagle S. Kakumu E.L. Krawitt I.R. Mackay R.N.M. | 1999 | Journal of Hepatology1999，，5： | 4 |
| 14 | The role of chemokine receptors in primary effector and memory immune responses显示文摘 | Sallusto F Mackay C R Lanzavecchia A | | 0，，： | 3 |
| 15 | 降低驾驶员血液酒精浓度限值对道路交通事故发生率和酒精消费量的影响:一项自然实验显示文摘酒后驾驶是造成全球范围道路交通事故高发生率和死亡率的重要危险因素。降低驾驶者血液酒精浓度是一项常见的公共卫生干预措施,已在许多国家和地区实行。2014年12月5日,苏格兰将驾驶员血液酒精浓度上限值从0.08g/dL降低到0.05g/dL,本研究旨在评估这一政策变化对道路交通伤害和酒精消费的影响。 | Haghpanahan H Lewsey J Mackay DF 李婕(编译) 胡国清(编译) | 2019 | 中华预防医学杂志2019，53，9： | 3 |
| 16 | Single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy with routine intraoperative cholangiography and common bile duct exploration via the umbilical port显示文摘 | David Yeo Sean Mackay David Martin | 2012 | Surgical Endoscopy2012，，4： | 3 |
| 17 | Dyadic Green Function for an Electromagnetic Medium Inspired by General Relativity显示文摘为同类的电磁的媒介的二价的格林功能启发了由空间与时间地,引力的非同类的组成的方程结盟影响真空被导出。 | Akhlesh Lakhtakia Tom G. Mackay | 2006 | Chinese Physics Letters2006，23，4： | 2 |
| 18 | Historical reflections on autoimmune hepatitis显示文摘Autoimmune hepatitis(AIH),initially known as chronic active or active chronic hepatitis(and by various other names),first came under clinical notice in the late 1940s.However,quite likely,chronic active hepatitis(CAH) had been observed prior to this and was attributed to a persistently destructive virus infection of the liver.An earlier(and controversial) designation in 1956 as lupoid hepatitis was derived from associated L.E.cell test positivity and emphasized accompanying multisystem features and immunological aberrations.Young women featured prominently in early descriptions of CAH.AIH was first applied in 1965 as a descriptive term.Disease-characteristic autoantibodies were defined from the early 1960s,notably antinuclear antibody(ANA),smooth muscle antibody(SMA) and liver-kidney microsomal(LKM) antibody.These are still widely used diagnostically but their relationship to pathogenesis is still not evident.A liver and disease specific autoantigen has long been searched for but unsuccessfully.Prolonged immunosuppressive therapy with predisolone and azathioprine in the 1960s proved beneficial and remains standard therapy today.AIH like many other autoimmune diseases is associated with particular HLA alleles especially with the 'ancestral' B8,DR3 haplotype,and also with DR4.Looking forwards,AIH is one of the several enigmatic autoimmune diseases that,despite being(relatively) organ specific,are marked by autoimmune reactivities with non-organ-specific autoantigens.New paradigms are needed to explain the occurrence,expressions and pathogenesis of such diseases. | Ian R Mackay | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，21： | 2 |
| 19 | Determination of quinolones and fluoroquinolones in fish tissue and seafood by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometric detection显示文摘 | Johnston L Mackay L Croft M | 2002 | J Chromatogra A2002，982，1： | 2 |
| 20 | Effects of distribution-based parameter aggregation on a spatially distributed agricultural nonpoint source pollution model显示文摘 | Eileen Chen D.Scott Mackay | 2004 | Journal of Hydrology2004，，1： | 2 |
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