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| 1 | Physical activity as a treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease:A systematic review显示文摘AIM: To review the effectiveness of exercise as a therapy for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) and potential benefits in treating insulin resistance and atherosclerosis.METHODS: Medline(EBSCOhost) and Pub Med were searched for English-language randomized controlled trials and prospective cohort studies in human adults aged ≥ 18 which investigated the various effects of exercise alone, a combination of exercise and diet, or exercise and diet coupled with behavioral modification on NAFLD from 2010 to Feburary 2015.RESULTS: Eighteen of 2298 available studies were chosen for critical review, which included 6925 patients. Nine(50%) studies were randomized controlled trials. Five(27.8%) studies utilized biopsy to examine the effects of physical activity on hepatic histology. The most commonly employed imaging modality to determine change in hepatic steatosis was hydrogen-magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Only two studies examined the effects of low impact physical activity for patients with significant mobility limitations and one compared the efficacy of aerobic and resistance exercise. No studies examined the exact duration of exercise required for hepatic and metabolic improvement in NAFLD.CONCLUSION: While exercise improved hepatic steatosis and underlying metabolic abnormalities in NAFLD, more studies are needed to define the most beneficial form and duration of exercise treatment. | Maureen Whitsett Lisa B VanWagner | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，16： | 281 |
| 2 | Short-chain fatty acids act as antiinflammatory mediators by regulating prostaglandin E_2 and cytokines显示文摘AIM:To investigate the effect of short-chain fatty ac-ids (SCFAs) on production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2),cytokines and chemokines in human monocytes.METHODS:Human neutrophils and monocytes were isolated from human whole blood by using 1-Step Polymorph and RosetteSep Human Monocyte Enrich-ment Cocktail,respectively. Human GPR41 and GPR43 mRNA expression was examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The calcium flux assay was used to examine the biological activities of SCFAs in human neutrophils and monocytes. The effect ofSCFAs on human monocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was studied by measuring PGE2,cytokines and chemokines in the supernatant. The effect of SCFAs in vivo was examined by intraplantar injection into rat paws.RESULTS:Human GPR43 is highly expressed in human neutrophils and monocytes. SCFAs induce robust calcium flux in human neutrophils,but not in human monocytes. In this study,we show that SCFAs can in-duce human monocyte release of PGE2 and that this effect can be enhanced in the presence of lipopolysac-charide (LPS). In addition,we demonstrate that PGE2 production induced by SCFA was inhibited by pertussis toxin,suggesting the involvement of a receptor-mediated mechanism. Furthermore,SCFAs can specifi cally inhibit constitutive monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) production and LPS-induced interleukin-10 (IL-10) production in human monocytes without affecting the secretion of other cytokines and chemokines examined. Similar activities were observed in human PBMC for the release of PGE2,MCP-1 and IL-10 after SCFA treatment. In addition,SCFAs inhibit LPS-induced production of tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ in human PBMC. Finally,we show that SCFAs and LPS can induce PGE2 production in vivo by intraplantar injection into rat paws (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION:SCFAs can have distinct antiinflammatory activities due to their regulation of PGE2,cytokine and chemokine release from human immune cells. | Mary Ann Cox James Jackson Michaela Stanton Alberto Rojas-Triana Loretta Bober Maureen Laverty Xiaoxin Yang Feng Zhu Jianjun Liu Suke Wang Frederick Monsma Galya Vassileva Maureen Maguire Eric Gustafson Marvin Bayne Chuan-Chu Chou Daniel Lundell Chung-Her Jenh | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，44： | 30 |
| 3 | Low-Level Temperature Inversions and Their Effect on Aerosol Condensation Nuclei Concentrations under Different Large-Scale Synoptic Circulations显示文摘Knowledge of the statistical characteristics of inversions and their effects on aerosols under different large-scale synoptic circulations is important for studying and modeling the diffusion of pollutants in the boundary layer. Based on results generated using the self-organizing map(SOM) weather classification method, this study compares the statistical characteristics of surface-based inversions(SBIs) and elevated inversions(EIs), and quantitatively evaluates the effect of SBIs on aerosol condensation nuclei(CN) concentrations and the relationship between temperature gradients and aerosols for six prevailing synoptic patterns over the the Southern Great Plains(SGP) site during 2001–10. Large-scale synoptic patterns strongly influence the statistical characteristics of inversions and the accumulation of aerosols in the low-level atmosphere. The activity,frequency, intensity, and vertical distribution of inversions are significantly different among these synoptic patterns. The vertical distribution of inversions varies diurnally and is significantly different among the different synoptic patterns. Anticyclonic patterns affect the accumulation of aerosols near the ground more strongly than cyclonic patterns. Mean aerosol CN concentrations increase during SBIs compared to no inversion cases by 16.1%, 22.6%, 24.5%, 58.7%, 29.8% and 23.7% for the six synoptic patterns. This study confirms that there is a positive correlation between temperature gradients and aerosol CN concentrations near the ground at night under similar large-scale synoptic patterns. The relationship is different for different synoptic patterns and can be described by linear functions. These findings suggest that large-scale synoptic patterns change the static stability of the atmosphere and inversions in the lower atmosphere, thereby influencing the diffusion of aerosols near the ground. | LI Jun CHEN Hongbin Zhanqing LI WANG Pucai Maureen CRIBB FAN Xuehua | 2015 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2015，32，7： | 12 |
| 4 | Gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors treated with high dose octreotide-LAR:A systematic literature review显示文摘AIM:To review literature on efficacy and safety of octreotide-long-acting repeatable(LAR)used at doses higher than the Food and Drug Administration(FDA)-approved 30 mg/mo for treatment of neuroendocrine tumors(NETs).METHODS:We searched Pub Med and Cochrane Library from 1998-2012,5 conferences(American Society of Clinical Oncology,Endocrine Society,European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society,European Society for Medical Oncology,North American Neuroendocrine Tumor Society)from 2000-2013 using Me SH and keyterms including neuroendocrine tumors,carcinoid tumor,carcinoma,neuroendocrine,and octreotide.Bibliographies of accepted articles were also searched.Two reviewers reviewed titles,abstracts,and full-length articles.Studies that reported data on efficacy and safety of≥30 mg/mo octreotide-LAR for NETs in human subjects,published in any language were included in the review.RESULTS:The search identified 1086 publications,of which 238 underwent full-text review(20 were translated into English);17 were included in the review.Studies varied in designs,subjects,octreotide-LAR regimens,and definition of outcomes.Eleven studies reported use of higher doses to control symptoms and tumor progression,although symptom severity and formal quality-of-life analysis were not quantitatively measured.Ten studies reported efficacy,describing 260 subjects with doses ranging from 40 mg/mo or 30 mg/3 wk up to 120 mg/mo.Eight studies reported expert clinical opinion that supported dose escalation of octreotide-LAR up to 60 mg/mo for symptom control and suggested increased doses may be effective at preventing tumor progression.Eight studies reported safety;there was no evidence of increased toxicity associated with doses of octreotide-LAR>30 mg/mo.CONCLUSION:As reported in this review,octreotide-LAR at doses>30 mg/mo is being prescribed for symptom and tumor control in NET patients.Furthermore,expert clinical opinion provided support for escalation of somatostatin analogs for refractory hormonal symptoms. | Michael S Broder David Beenhouwer Jonathan R Strosberg Maureen P Neary Dasha Cherepanov | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，6： | 8 |
| 5 | Serological Evidence of Bat SARS-Related Coronavirus Infection in Humans,China显示文摘Dear Editor,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus(SARSCo V)is the causative agent of the 2002–2003 SARS pandemic,which resulted in more than 8000 human infections worldwide and an approximately 10%fatality rate(Ksiazek et al.2003;Peiris et al.2004).The virus infects both upper airway and alveolar epithelial cells,resulting in mild to severe lung injury in | Ning Wang Shi-Yue Li Xing-Lou Yang Hui-Min Huang Yu-Ji Zhang Hua Guo ,Chu-Ming Luo Maureen Miller Guangjian Zhu Aleksei A. Chmura Emily Hagan Ji-Hua Zhou Yun-Zhi Zhang Lin-Fa Wang Peter Daszak Zheng-Li Shi | 2018 | Virologica Sinica2018，33，1： | 8 |
| 6 | Common genetic variants in the TP53 pathway and their impact on cancer显示文摘The TP53 gene is well known to be the most frequently mutated gene in human cancer.In addition to mutations,there are > 20 different coding region single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TP53 gene,as well as SNPs in MDM2,the negative regulator of p53.Several of these SNPs are known to alter p53 pathway function.This makes p53 rather unique among cancer-critical genes,e.g.the coding regions of other cancer-critical genes like Ha-Ras,RB,and PI3KCA do not have non-synonymous coding region SNPs that alter their function in cancer.The next frontier in p53 biology will consist of probing which of these coding region SNPs are moderately or strongly pathogenic and whether they influence cancer risk and the efficacy of cancer therapy.The challenge after that will consist of determining whether we can tailor chemotherapy to correct the defects for each ofthese variants.Here we review the SNPs in TP53 and MDM2 that show the most significant impact on cancer and other diseases.We also propose avenues for how this information can be used to better inform personalized medicine approaches to cancer and other diseases. | Thibaut Barnoud Joshua L.D.Parris Maureen E.Murphy | 2019 | Journal of Molecular Cell Biology2019，11，7： | 7 |
| 7 | 白细胞介素10的生物学性质显示文摘白细胞介素10(IL-10)是近年发现的由多种免疫细胞产生并有多种生物学功能的细胞因子.它是巨噬细胞功能的有力抑制剂,但却又对B淋巴细胞发挥多种刺激作用,它还通过影响巨噬细胞功能而抑制T_H1细胞功能.IL-10的生物学性质提示了它在临床上的广泛应用前景. | Maureen Howard Anne O'Garra 王莹洁 | 1993 | 国外医学(免疫学分册)1993，16，2： | 6 |
| 8 | 重症监护中生命维持治疗撤除前和撤除时以家庭为中心的护理:澳大利亚重症监护的护理人员与患者家属分享信息的调研显示文摘背景:重症监护室为患者提供临终关怀时,以家庭为中心的护理的核心要素是与家属的信息共享。但对在这种环境下共享的信息仍知之甚少。目的 :在生命维持治疗准备撤除和撤除时,确认重症监护室护理人员最常提供给患者家属的信息。方法 :2015年5月,澳大利亚和新西兰的重症监护室护理人员受邀完成'治疗撤除的家庭准备'问卷。数据分析包括进行描述性统计,以确定最常和最少与家属分享的信息面。人口学统计资料的交叉列表用于探测数据的相关性。结果:159名重症监护室护理人员的回答显示,在生命维持治疗准备撤除和撤除时,最常与家属分享的是家庭的情感关怀和支持的相关信息。死亡过程中,患者身体状况及相关的生理改变等信息提供的频率,存在较大变异。人口学变量(性别、护理经验和重症护理经验)与某些最常和最少分享信息之间存在相关性(P<0.05)。结论 :临终关怀期间,由重症监护室护理人员给予的信息分享反映了以家庭为中心的护理方法,涉及关于家庭的情感关怀和支持等至关重要的信息。本研究的发现,为此时发展干预措施,以改善实践和支持护理人员与患者家属沟通交流,提供了一个有用的框架。 | Kristen Ranse Melissa Bloomer Maureen Coombs Ruth Endacott | 2017 | 中国护理管理2017，17，6： | 6 |
| 9 | 人文社会与医学:UIC临床医学基要课程显示文摘本文介绍了伊利诺伊大学芝加哥校区的整合式课程'临床医学基要'(Essentials of Clinical Medicine,ECM)的历史、课程目标、内容和教学安排、学生课业评价、课程管理与改进、课程的效果和主要特点等。该课程将医学人文社会知识技能与临床问诊、查体和临床决策紧密联系起来,运用讲座、小组学习、工作坊、医院见习与实习多种教学方法,注重学生从'做中学',注重自我教育与反思,注重团队合作与教学相长,教学效果良好。 | 曾勇 Dale Lorens Maureen Valaski Leslie J.Sandlow | 2010 | 复旦教育论坛2010，8，2： | 6 |
| 10 | A ASLD guidelines for treatment of chronic hepatitis B显示文摘 | Norah A. Terrault Natalie H. Bzowej Kyong‐Mi Chang Jessica P. Hwang Maureen M. Jonas M. Hassan Murad | 2016 | Hepatology2016，，： | 6 |
| 11 | A Myosin XI Tail Domain Homologous to the Yeast Myosin Vacuole-Binding Domain Interacts with Plastids and Stromules in Nicotiana benthamiana显示文摘肌动朊细胞骨架在植物房间在许多不同细胞器的活动性起一个作用,包括叶绿体,线粒体, Golgi,和 peroxisomes。当进步在识别涉及肌浆球蛋白 XI 的不同成员动员的货物的各种各样的植物细胞器,不是所有的 trafficking 的肌浆球蛋白马达被取得了时,家庭还有识别。在叶绿体放和 mitochondrial 运动的肌浆球蛋白的参与被导致病毒的基因 silencing (VIGS ) 的表示表明在烟草的构造。当有从一台肌浆球蛋白 XI 马达的二个不同保存序列的 VIGS 与标记 GFP 的质体或线粒体在工厂被执行时,叶绿体在黑暗中放是反常的,并且 mitochondrial 运动停止了。因为这些和优先的观察含有为在质体和 stromule 运动的肌浆球蛋白和肌动朊细胞骨架的一个角色,我们寻找了能与质体和 stromules 联系的肌浆球蛋白尾巴领域。当时黄荧光灯有肌浆球蛋白 XI-F 的全部尾巴区域的蛋白质(YFP ) 熔化通常仅仅在细胞质被发现,我们观察到 Arabidopsis 或 Nicotiana benthamiana YFP::myosin XI-F 跟踪对在 N 在短暂表示以后与质体和 stromules 联系的酵母 myo2p 液泡绑定领域相应的领域。benthamiana。一起拿,这些观察含有在质体和 stromules 的动力学的肌浆球蛋白马达蛋白质。 | Amir Sattarzadeh Johanna Krahmer Arnaud D. Germain Maureen R. Hanson | 2009 | Molecular Plant2009，2，6： | 5 |
| 12 | The small hive beetle Aethina tumida: A review of its biology and control measures显示文摘 | Andrew G. S. CUTHBERTSON Maureen E. WAKEFIELD Michelle E. POWELL Gay MARRIS Helen ANDERSON Giles E. BUDGE James J. MATHERS Lisa F.BLACKBURN Mike A. BROWN | 2013 | Current Zoology2013，59，5： | 4 |
| 13 | Safety and predictors of adherence of a new rehabilitation program for older women with congestive heart failure显示文摘ObjectivesTo 与充血的心失败(CHF ) 为老妇人估计一个心脏的康复节目的安全并且决定有 CHF 的超过 65 岁的某些因素影响 adherence.MethodsWomen 是否出席了 physiotherapist 监督的一个锻练节目。生活的质量被纽约心协会(NYHA ) 班被明尼苏达生活与心失败问询表(MLHFQ ) 和疾病的严厉测量。题目会议被分类进出席了 90% 的那些或更多,出席了不到 90%sessions.ResultsFifty 一个题目的那些被学习。八个题目没出席任何会议。43 个参加者,出席的会议的平均百分比是 87% 。在年龄, MLHFQ 或 NYHA 班的二个组之间没有重要差别。仅仅从有的 280 参加者 attendances.ConclusionsThe 节目有一个不利事件在这张人口的坚持的高水平。班没在会话出席上影响的年龄, MLHFQ 或 NYHA。我们的数据建议这个节目为这张人口是安全的。进一步的研究被需要决定出席的另外的预言者和安全问题和长期的坚持的考试在这张人口锻练。 | Nahid A. Azad Kathy Bouchard Alain Mayhew Maureen Carter Frank J. Molnar | 2012 | Journal of Geriatric Cardiology2012，9，3： | 4 |
| 14 | Loss of IKB kinase βpromotes myofibroblast transformation and senescence through activation of the ROS-TGFβ autocrine loop显示文摘 | Liang Chen Zhimin Peng Qinghang Meng Maureen Mongan Jingcai Wang Maureen Sartor Jing-Chen Liang Niu Mario Medvedovic Winston Kao Ying Xia | 2016 | Protein & Cell2016，7，5： | 4 |
| 15 | Epigenetics of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors:A clinicopathologic perspective显示文摘Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors(GEP-NETs) are a heterogeneous group of rare tumors whose site-specific tumor incidence and clinical behavior vary widely. Genetic alterations associated with familial inherited syndromes have been well defined; however, the genetic profile of sporadic tumors is less clear as their tumorigenesis does not appear to be controlled by classic oncogenes such as P53, RB, or KRAS. Even within GEP-NETs, there are no common oncogenic drivers; for example, DAXX/ATRX mutations are strongly implicated in the tumorigenesis of pancreatic but not small bowel NETs. Accordingly, the dysregulation of epigenetic mechanisms has been hypothesized as a potential regulator of GEPNET tumorigenesis and has become a major focus of recent studies. Despite the heterogeneity of tumor cohorts evaluated in these studies, it is obvious that there are methylation patterns, chromatin remodeling alterations, and microR NA and long non-coding RNA(lncR NA) differential expression profiles that are distinctive of GEPNETs, some of which are correlated with significant differences in clinical outcomes. Several translational studies have provided convincing data identifying potential prognostic biomarkers, and some of these have demonstrated preliminary success as serum biomarkers that can be used clinically. Nevertheless, there are many opportunities to further define the mechanisms by which these epigenetic modifications influence tumorigenesis, and this will provide better insight into their prognostic and therapeutic utility. Furthermore, these findings form the foundation for future studies evaluating the clinical efficacy of epigenetic modifications as prognostic biomarkers, as well as potential therapeutic targets. | Brendan M Finnerty Katherine D Gray Maureen D Moore Rasa Zarnegar Thomas J FaheyⅢ | 2017 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2017，9，9： | 4 |
| 16 | Ranibizumab and Bevacizumab for Treatment of Neovascular Age-related Macular Degeneration显示文摘 | Daniel F. Martin Maureen G. Maguire Stuart L. Fine Gui-shuang Ying Glenn J. Jaffe Juan E. Grunwald Cynthia Toth Maryann Redford Frederick L. Ferris | 2012 | Ophthalmology2012，，7： | 3 |
| 17 | Development of Cloud Detection Methods Using CFH, GTS1, and RS80 Radiosondes显示文摘The accuracies of three instruments in measuring atmospheric column humidity were assessed during an upper troposphere and lower stratosphere observation campaign conducted from 7 to 13 August 2009 in Kunming, China. The three instruments are a cryogenic frost-point hygrometer (CFH), a Vaisala RS80 radiosonde (RS80), and a GTS1 radiosonde (GTS1). The accuracy of relative humidity (RH) measurements made by the CFH, GTS1, and RS80 was similar between the surface and 500 hPa (~5.5 km above sea level). However, above 500 hPa, the errors in RH measurements made by the RS80, relative to measurements made by the CFH, are much less than those detected with the GTS1. Three different retrieval methods for determining cloud boundaries from CFH, RS80, and GTS1 measurements were developed and take into account the differences in accuracy among the three instruments. The method for the CFH is based on RH thresholds at all levels, which demands high accuracy. Given that the accuracy of RH measurements decreases at higher altitudes, the cloud detection methods for RS80 and GTS1 are different for different altitude ranges. Below 5 km, the methods for the RS80 and the GTS1 are similar to that of the CFH; above 5 km, the methods for the RS80 and the GTS1 are both developed based on the second-order derivatives of temperature and RH with respect to height, but with different criteria applied. Comparisons of cloud-layer retrievals derived from the three measurements are also made. | 张金强 陈洪滨 卞建春 宣越健 段云俊 Maureen CRIBB | 2012 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2012，29，2： | 3 |
| 18 | 新形势下的危机干预:2001年“9.11”事件后的新泽西显示文摘提供了一个研究参与式心理教育研习班发展的事例。作为对世贸遭袭一事的回应 ,这种研习班迅速发展并传播开来 ,成为一种有影响力的团体。它为个人及团体提供了以概念和经验为基础的训练 ,以应对灾难 ,精神创伤 ,恢复力 ,忍耐力以及同情心的疲乏等问题。 | Maureen M.Underwood John Kalafat 辛晶 | 2004 | 医学与哲学2004，25，8： | 3 |
| 19 | 公平竞争探讨:美国经验带来的启示显示文摘目前,中国已经颁布了《关于在市场体系建设中建立公平竞争审查制度的意见》,该意见旨在防止政府过度和不当干预市场,以加快建设统一开放、竞争有序市场体系。基于历史的原因,中国的行政垄断问题严重,因此该意见的出台对中国来说意义重大。对于公平竞争审查这一新的工具,中国反垄断执法机构将面临的问题是,如何才能富有成效地开展公平竞争审查工作。根据美国经验,最成功的办法是FTC官员、律师和经济学家通过深入研究,以识别特定行业中的限制竞争政策或手段。在医疗保健行业、房地产和抵押贷款、在线销售及共享经济等领域,美国在识别及打击限制竞争法规或做法方面,积累了有益的经验。我希望中国反垄断执法机构能够合理运用公平竞争审查机制,而FTC的经验对中国会有所借鉴和启发。 | Maureen K.Ohlhausen 张昕 | 2016 | 竞争政策研究2016，，5： | 3 |
| 20 | 蛋壳结构与蛋壳质量显示文摘蛋壳如果结构不良,那么无论它有多厚都不能发挥其应有的功能。对蛋壳结构进行分析可对提高蛋壳质量提供独特的机会。近年来,在提高蛋壳质量的努力中,都将重点放在提高蛋的比重方面,若是褐壳蛋鸡还致力于改进蛋壳的色泽。虽然在这方面,尤其是在提高蛋的比重方面已经取得了重大进展,但仍有一个疑问:鸡蛋的降级是否也成比例地减少了呢?这也许反映了当今愈来愈多的鸡蛋都由机械处理了,否则倒是可以说符合包装站所立标准的蛋确实增加了。然而,英国格拉斯哥大学兽医解剖学系的研究表明。 | 陈家俊 Maureen M.Bain | 1993 | 国外畜牧学(猪与禽)1993，，1： | 3 |
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