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| 1 | Pathophysiology of constipation in the older adult显示文摘This review provides information on the definition of constipation, normal continence and defecation and a description of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of constipation. In addition, changes in the anatomy and physiology of the lower gastrointestinal tract associated with aging that may contribute to constipation are described. MEDLINE (1966-2007) and CINAHL (1980-2007) were searched. The following MeSH terms were used: constipation/etiology OR constipation/ physiology OR constipation/physiopathology) AND (age factors OR aged OR older OR 80 and over OR middle age). Constipation is not well defined in the literature. While self-reported constipation increases with age, findings from a limited number of clinical studies that utilized objective measures do not support this association. Dysmotility and pelvic floor dysfunction are important mechanisms associated with constipation. Changes in GI function associated with aging appear to be relatively subtle based on a limited amount of conflicting data. Additional research is warranted on the effects of aging on GI function, as well as on the timing of these changes. | G Lindsay McCrea Christine Miaskowski Nancy A Stotts Liz Macera Madhulika G Varma | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，17： | 21 |
| 2 | The enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry mission—eXTP显示文摘In this paper we present the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry mission—eXTP. eXTP is a space science mission designed to study fundamental physics under extreme conditions of density, gravity and magnetism. The mission aims at determining the equation of state of matter at supra-nuclear density, measuring effects of QED, and understanding the dynamics of matter in strong-field gravity. In addition to investigating fundamental physics, eXTP will be a very powerful observatory for astrophysics that will provide observations of unprecedented quality on a variety of galactic and extragalactic objects. In particular, its wide field monitoring capabilities will be highly instrumental to detect the electro-magnetic counterparts of gravitational wave sources.The paper provides a detailed description of:(1) the technological and technical aspects, and the expected performance of the instruments of the scientific payload;(2) the elements and functions of the mission, from the spacecraft to the ground segment. | ShuangNan Zhang Andrea Santangelo Marco Feroci YuPeng Xu FangJun Lu Yong Chen Hua Feng Shu Zhang Sφren Brandt Margarita Hernanz Luca Baldini Enrico Bozzo Riccardo Campana Alessandra De Rosa YongWei Dong Yuri Evangelista Vladimir Karas Norbert Meidinger Aline Meuris Kirpal Nandra Teng Pan Giovanni Pareschi Piotr Orleanski QiuShi Huang Stephane Schanne Giorgia Sironi Daniele Spiga Jiri Svoboda Gianpiero Tagliaferri Christoph Tenzer Andrea Vacchi Silvia Zane Dave Walton ZhanShan Wang Berend Winter Xin Wu Jean J.M.in't Zand Mahdi Ahangarianabhari Giovanni Ambrosi Filippo Ambrosino Marco Barbera Stefano Basso Jörg Bayer Ronaldo Bellazzini Pierluigi Bellutti Bruna Bertucci Giuseppe Bertuccio Giacomo Borghi XueLei Cao Franck Cadoux Francesco Ceraudo TianXiang Chen Yu Peng Chen Jerome Chevenez Marta Civitani Wei Cui WeiWei Cui Thomas Dauser Ettore Del Monte Sergio Di Cosimo Sebastian Diebold Victor Doroshenko Michal Dovciak YuanYuan Du Lorenzo Ducci QingMei Fan Yannick Favre Fabio Fuschino JoséLuis Ga'lvez Min Gao MingYu Ge Olivier Gevin Marco Grassi QuanYing Gu YuDong Gu DaWei Han Bin Hong Wei Hu Long Ji ShuMei Jia WeiChun Jiang Thomas Kennedy Ingo Kreykenbohm Irfan Kuvvetli Claudio Labanti Luca Latronico Gang Li MaoShun Li Xian Li Wei Li ZhengWei Li Olivier Limousin HongWei Liu XiaoJing Liu Bo Lu Tao Luo Daniele Macera Piero Malcovati Adrian Martindale Malgorzata Michalska Bin Meng Massimo Minuti Alfredo Morbidini Fabio Muleri Stephane Paltani Emanuele Perinati Antonino Picciotto Claudio Piemonte JinLu Qu Alexandre Rachevski Irina Rashevskaya Jerome Rodriguez Thomas Schanz ZhengXiang Shen LiZhi Sheng JiangBo Song LiMing Song Carmelo Sgro Liang Sun Ying Tan Phil Uttley Bo Wang DianLong Wang GuoFeng Wang Juan Wang LangPing Wang YuSa Wang Anna L.Watts XiangYang Wen Jörn Wilms ShaoLin Xiong JiaWei Yang Sheng Yang YanJi Yang Nian Yu WenDa Zhang Gianluigi Zampa Nicola Zampa Andrzej A.Zdziarski AiMei Zhang ChengMo Zhang Fan Zhang Long Zhang Tong Zhang Yi Zhang XiaoLi Zhang ZiLiang Zhang BaoSheng Zhao ShiJie Zheng Yu Peng Zhou Nicola Zorzi J.Frans Zwart | 2019 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2019，62，2： | 11 |
| 3 | Role of occult hepatitis B virus infection in chronic hepatitis C显示文摘The development of sensitive assays to detect small amounts of hepatitis B virus(HBV) DNA has favored the identification of occult hepatitis B infection(OBI), a virological condition characterized by a low level of HBV replication with detectable levels of HBV DNA in liver tissue but an absence of detectable surface antigen of HBV(HBs Ag) in serum. The gold standard to diagnose OBI is the detection of HBV DNA in the hepatocytes by highly sensitive and specific techniques, a diagnostic procedure requiring liver tissue to be tested and the use of non-standardized non-commercially available techniques. Consequently, in everyday clinical practice, the detection of anti-hepatitis B core antibody(antiHBc) in serum of HBs Ag-negative subjects is used as a surrogate marker to identify patients with OBI. In patients with chronic hepatitis C(CHC), OBI has been identified in nearly one-third of these cases. Considerable data suggest that OBI favors the increase of liver damage and the development of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) in patients with CHC. The data from other studies, however, indicate no influence of OBI on the natural history of CHC, particularly regarding the risk of developing HCC. | Nicola Coppola Lorenzo Onorato Mariantonietta Pisaturo Margherita Macera Caterina Sagnelli Salvatore Martini Evangelista Sagnelli | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，42： | 7 |
| 4 | Hepatitis B virus infection in immigrant populations显示文摘Hepatitis B virus(HBV) is the most common cause of hepatitis worldwide, with nearly 350 million people chronically infected and 600000 deaths per year due to acute liver failure occurring during acute hepatitis or, more frequently, in HBV-related liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. Ongoing immigration from countries with a high HBV endemicity to those with a low HBV endemicity warrants particular attention to prevent the spread of HBV infection to the native population. This review article analyzes the epidemiology and virological and clinical characteristics of HBV infection in immigrant populations and in their host countries, and suggests prophylactic measures to prevent the spread of this infection. Among the immigrants from different geographical areas, those from South East Asia and sub-Saharan Africa show the highest prevalences of hepatitis B surface antigen(HBs Ag) carriers, in accordance with the high endemicity of the countries of origin. The molecular characteristics of HBV infection in immigrants reflect those of the geographical areas of origin: HBV genotype A and D predominate in immigrants from Eastern Europe, B and C in those from Asia and genotype E in those from Africa. The literature data on the clinical course and treatment of HBs Agpositive immigrants are scanty. The management of HBV infection in immigrant populations is difficult and requires expert personnel and dedicated structures for their assistance. The social services, voluntary operators and cultural mediators are essential to achieve optimized psychological and clinical intervention. | Nicola Coppola Loredana Alessio Mariantonietta Pisaturo Margherita Macera Caterina Sagnelli Rosa Zampino Evangelista Sagnelli | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，30： | 4 |
| 5 | Abdominal fat interacts with PNPLA 3 I148M, but not with the APOC 3 variant in the pathogenesis of liver steatosis in chronic hepatitis C显示文摘 | R. Zampino N. Coppola G. Cirillo A. Boemio M. Pisaturo A. Marrone M. Macera E. Sagnelli L. Perrone L. E. Adinolfi E. Miraglia del Giudice | 2013 | J Viral Hepat2013，，8： | 3 |
| 6 | TM 6 SF 2 E167K variant is associated with severe steatosis in chronic hepatitis C, regardless of PNPLA 3 polymorphism显示文摘 | Nicola Coppola Zampino Rosa Grazia Cirillo Maria Stanzione Margherita Macera Adriana Boemio Anna Grandone Mariantonietta Pisaturo Aldo Marrone Luigi E. Adinolfi Evangelista Sagnelli Emanuele Miraglia del Giudice | 2015 | Liver Int2015，，8： | 3 |
| 7 | Abdominal fat interacts with PNPLA 3 I148M, but not with the APOC 3 variant in the pathogenesis of liver steatosis in chronic hepatitis C显示文摘 | R. Zampino N. Coppola G. Cirillo A. Boemio M. Pisaturo A. Marrone M. Macera E. Sagnelli L. Perrone L. E. Adinolfi E. Miraglia del Giudice | 2013 | J Viral Hepat2013，，8： | 3 |
| 8 | Epidemiology of acute and chronic hepatitis B and delta over the last 5 decades in Italy显示文摘The spread of hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection has gradually decreased in Italy in the last 5 decades as shown by the steady reduction in the incidence rates of acute hepatitis B,from 10/100000 inhabitants in1984 to 0.85/100000 in 2012,and by the reduced prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)-positive cases among chronic hepatitis patients with different etiologies,from 60%in 1975 to about 10%in 2001.The prevalence of HBsAg chronic carriers in the general population also decreased from nearly 3%in the 1980s to 1%in 2010.Linked to HBV by its characteristics of defective virus,the hepatitis delta virus(HDV)has shown a similar epidemiological impact on the Italian population over time.The incidence of acute HDV infection decreased from 3.2/100000 inhabitants in 1987 to 0.8/100000 in 2010 and the prevalence of HDV infection in HBsAg chronic carriers decreased from24%in 1990 to 8.5%in 2006.Before the beneficial effects of HBV mass vaccination introduced in 1991,the decreased endemicity of HBV and HDV infection in Italy paralleled the improvement in screening blood donations,the higher standard of living and impressive reduction in the birth rate associated with a marked reduction in the family size.A further contribution to the decline in HBV and HDV infections most probably came from the media campaigns to prevent the spread of human immunodeficiency virus infection by focusing the attention of the general population on the same routes of transmission of viral infections such as unsafe sexual intercourse and parenteral exposures of different kinds. | Evangelista Sagnelli Caterina Sagnelli Mariantonietta Pisaturo Margherita Macera Nicola Coppola | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，24： | 3 |
| 9 | Epidemiology and management of hepatitis C virus infections in immigrant populations显示文摘Background:At present,there is a continuous flow of immigrants from the south of the world to north-western countries.Often immigrants originate from areas of high-prevalence of viral hepatitis and pose a challenge to the healthcare systems of the host nations.Aims of this study is to evaluate the prevalence and virological and clinical characteristics of hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection in immigrants and the strategies to identify and take care of the immigrants infected with HCV.Main body:We conducted an electronic literature search in several biomedical databases,including PubMed,Google Scholar,Scopus,Web of Science,using different combinations of key words:'HCV infection;chronic hepatitis C,immigrants;low-income countries'.We included studies written in English indicating the epidemiological data of HCV infection in the immigrant population,studies that assessed the clinical presentation,clinical management and treatment with directly acting antiviral agent in immigrants,HCV infection is unevenly distributed in different countries,with worldwide prevalence in the general population ranging from 0.5 to 6.5%.In Western countries and Australia this rate ranges from 0.5 to 1.5%,and reaches 2.3%in countries of south-east Asia and eastern Mediterranean regions,3.2%in China,0.9%in India,2.2%in Indonesia and 6.5%in Pakistan;in sub-Saharan Africa the prevalence of HCV infection varies from 4 to 9%.Immigrants and refugees from intermediate/high HCV endemic countries to less-or non-endemic areas are more likely to have an increased risk of HCV infection due to HCV exposure in their countries of origin.Because of the high HCV endemicity in immigrant populations and of the high efficacy of directly acting antiviral agent therapy,a campaign could be undertaken to eradicate the infection in this setting.Conclusions:The healthcare authorities should support screening programs for immigrants,performed with the help of cultural mediators and including educational aspects to break down the barriers limiting access to treatments,which obtain the HCV clearance in 95%of cases and frequently prevent the development of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. | Nicola Coppola Loredana Alessio Lorenzo Onorato Caterina Sagnelli Margherita Macera Evangelista Sagnelli Mariantonietta Pisaturo | 2019 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2019，8，2： | 3 |
| 10 | Hepatitis B virus infection in undocumented immigrants and refugees in Southern Italy:demographic,virological,and clinical features显示文摘Background:The data on hepatitis b virus(HBV)infection in immigrants population are scanty.The porpoise of this study was to define the demographic,virological,and clinical characteristics of subjects infected with HBV chronic infection in a cohort of immigrants living in Naples,Italy.Methods:A screening for HBV infection was offered to 1,331 immigrants,of whom 1,212(91%)(831 undocumented immigrants and 381 refugees)accepted and were screened for hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)and anti-hepatitis B core antibody(HBc).Those found to be HBsAg positive were further investigated at third-level infectious disease units.Results:Of the 1,212 immigrants screened,116(9.6%)were HBsAg positive,490(40.4%)were HBsAg negative/anti-HBc positive,and 606(50%)were seronegative for both.Moreover,21(1.7%)were anti-human immunodeficiency virus positive and 45(3.7%)were anti-hepatitis C virus positive.The logistic regression analysis showed that male sex(OR:1.79;95%CI:1.28-2.51),Sub-Saharan African origin(OR:6.18;95%CI:3.37-11.36),low level of schooling(OR:0.96;95%CI:0.94-0.99),and minor parenteral risks for acquiring HBV infection(acupuncture,tattoo,piercing,or tribal practices,OR:1.54;95%CI:1.1-2.16)were independently associated with ongoing or past HBV infection.Of the 116 HBsAg-positive immigrants,90(77.6%)completed their diagnostic itinerary at a third-level infectious disease unit:29(32.2%)were asymptomatic non-viremic HBsAg carriers,43(47.8%)were asymptomatic viremic carriers,14(15.6%)had chronic hepatitis,and four(4.4%)had liver cirrhosis,with superimposed hepatocellular carcinoma in two.Conclusions:The data illustrate the demographic,clinical and virological characteristics of HBV infection in immigrants in Italy and indicate the need for Italian healthcare authorities to enhance their support for providing screening,HBV vaccination,treatment,and educational programs for this populations. | Nicola Coppola Loredana Alessio Luciano Gualdieri Mariantonietta Pisaturo Caterina Sagnelli Carmine Minichini Giovanni Di Caprio Mario Starace Lorenzo Onorato Giuseppe Signoriello Margherita Macera Italo Francesco Angelillo Giuseppe Pasquale Evangelista Sagnelli | 2017 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2017，6，1： | 3 |
| 11 | Liver fibrosis in human immunodeficiency virus/hepatitis C virus coinfection: Diagnostic methods and clinical impact显示文摘Several non-invasive surrogate methods have recently challenged the main role of liver biopsy in assessing liver fibrosis in hepatitis C virus(HCV)-monoinfected and human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)/HCV-coinfected patients, applied to avoid the well-known side effects of liver puncture. Serological tests involve the determination of biochemical markers of synthesis or degradation of fibrosis, tests not readily available in clinical practice, or combinations of routine tests used in chronic hepatitis and HIV/HCV coinfection. Several radiologic techniques have also been proposed, some of which commonly used in clinical practice. The studies performed to compare the prognostic value of noninvasive surrogate methods with that of the degree of liver fibrosis assessed on liver tissue have not as yet provided conclusive results. Each surrogate technique has shown some limitations, including the risk of over- or under-estimating the extent of liver fibrosis. The current knowledge on liver fibrosis in HIV/HCVcoinfected patients will be summarized in this review article, which is addressed in particular to physicians involved in this setting in their clinical practice. | Caterina Sagnelli Salvatore Martini Mariantonietta Pisaturo Giuseppe Pasquale Margherita Macera Rosa Zampino Nicola Coppola Evangelista Sagnelli | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，24： | 2 |
| 12 | Hepatitis c virus markers in infection by hepatitis c virus: In the era of directly acting antivirals显示文摘About 130-170 million people are infected with the hepatitis C virus(HCV) worldwide and more than 350000 people die each year of HCV-related liver diseases. The combination of pegylated interferon(Peg-IFN) and ribavirin(RBV) was recommended as the treatment of choice for chronic hepatitis C for nearly a decade. In 2011 the directly acting antivirals(DAA) HCV NS3/4A protease inhibitors,telaprevir and boceprevir,were approved to treat HCV-genotype-1 infection,each in triple combination with Peg-IFN and RBV. These treatments allowed higher rates of SVR than the double Peg-IFN + RBV,but the low tolerability and high pill burden of these triple regimes were responsible for reduced adherence and early treatment discontinuation. The second and third wave DAAs introduced in 2013-2014 enhanced the efficacy and tolerability of anti-HCV treatment. Consequently,the traditional indicators for disease management and predictors of treatment response should be revised in light of these new therapeutic options. This review article will focus on the use of the markers of HCV infection and replication,of laboratory and instrumental data to define the stage of the disease and of predictors,if any,of response to therapy in the DAA era. The article is addressed particularly to physicians who have patients with hepatitis C in care in their everyday clinical practice. | Nicola Coppola Mariantonietta Pisaturo Rosa Zampino Margherita Macera Caterina Sagnelli Evangelista Sagnelli | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，38： | 2 |
| 13 | Association Between a Polymorphism in Cannabinoid Receptor 2 and Severe Necroinflammation in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis C显示文摘 | Nicola Coppola Rosa Zampino Giulia Bellini Margherita Macera Aldo Marrone Mariantonietta Pisaturo Adriana Boemio Bruno Nobili Giuseppe Pasquale Sabatino Maione Luigi Elio Adinolfi Laura Perrone Evangelista Sagnelli Emanuele Miraglia Del Giudice Francesca | 2013 | Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology2013，，： | 2 |
| 14 | Genetic variability and phylogeny of Torque teno sus virus 1 (TTSuV1) and 2 (TTSuV2) based on complete genomes显示文摘 | Martí Cortey Lisa Macera Joaquim Segalés Tuija Kekarainen | 2010 | Veterinary Microbiology2010，，2： | 2 |
| 15 | Total cholesterol and high density lipoprotein cholesterol as important predictors of erectile dysfunction显示文摘 | Wei M Macera CA Davis DR | 1994 | Am J Epidemiol1994，140，10： | 1 |
| 16 | Probable NAFLD, by ALT levels, and diabetes among Filipino-American Women显示文摘 | Charlene A. Wong Maria Rosario G. Araneta Elizabeth Barrett-Connor John Alcaraz Donna Casta?eda Carol Macera | 2007 | Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice2007，，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Epidemiology of stress fracture and lower- extremity overuse injury in female recmits显示文摘 | Rauh MJ Macera CA Trone DW | 2006 | Med Sci Sports Exerc2006，38，9： | 1 |
| 18 | Epidemiology of stress fracture and lower-extremity overuse injury in female recruits显示文摘 | Rauh M J Macera CA Trone DW Shaffer RA Brodine SK | 2006 | Med Sci Sports Exerc2006，38，9： | 1 |
| 19 | Levels of physical activity and inactivity in children and adults in the United States: Current evidence and research issues显示文摘 | PrattM Macera C A Blanton C | 1999 | Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise1999，31，11： | 1 |
| 20 | Predictors of stress fracture susceptibility in young female recruits显示文摘 | Shaffer RA Rauh M J Brodine SK Trone DW Macera CA | 2006 | Am J Sports Med2006，34，1： | 1 |
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