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| 1 | 我国烟草及其制品中烟草特有亚硝胺含量及与前体物的关系显示文摘我国主要烟叶类型烟草特有亚硝胺(TSNA)水平排序为:白肋烟>沙姆逊香料烟>烤烟>巴斯马香料烟,其平均含量分别为10.25、0.89、0.25和0.03μg/g。在白肋烟和香料烟中,NNN和NAT为主要的TSNA,约占总TSNA的96%,且在总TSNA含量较高的烟样中,NNN占有较大比例。在烤烟中,NNN、NAT和NNK含量水平相差较小,且以NAT含量相对较高。我国烤烟型、混合型、雪茄型卷烟和雪茄的总TSNA含量平均分别为0.211、3.302、3.39和12.66μg/g。与国外样品相比,我国烤烟烟叶、烤烟型卷烟和混合型卷烟TSNA含量均显著低于国外水平。相关分析表明,烟叶和卷烟中的TSNA含量与降烟碱水平呈显著正相关,其中NNN与降烟碱相关性最大,相关系数达0.8633。 | 史宏志 Lowell P.Bush 黄元炯 Jia Wang 刘国顺 王彦亭 赵明钦 于建军 Harold R.Burton | 2002 | 中国烟草学报2002，8，1： | 42 |
| 2 | 烟草特有的N-亚硝胺形成、积累及其影响因素显示文摘烟草特有的N-亚硝胺(TSNA)是一组只在烟草、烟制品及烟气中发现的致癌物质。它们形成的前体物是烟草生物碱、硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐。大田正常生长及成熟的青烟不含TSNA,是采收后在调制、贮存陈化过程中逐步形成和积累起来的。凡影响前体物质的因素,都会影响烟草TSNA的形成、积累和含量。可通过控制两种前体物质的各种途径来降低烟草TSNA。 | 杨焕文 李永忠 刘彦中 周平 崔明午 Lowell P.Bush Harold R.Burton | 1998 | 烟草科技1998，31，4： | 36 |
| 3 | 美国高校总整课程(Capstone Courses)概况及启示——以俄亥俄州立大学动物科学系为例显示文摘为帮助动物科学专业大学四年级学生总结、综合和运用所学专业理论和技能,美国很多高校对毕业前的高年级大学生开设了总整课程(Capstone courses)。该课程是一个能给学生提供统整、深化四年所学知识的整合性实践过程。课程学习情境与未来工作情境相似,需与同行共同面对和解决生产中的真实问题,不同之处在于课程中随时有专家教授的指点和引导。以俄亥俄州立大学动物科学系开设的'奶牛生产'总整课程教学为例,从总整课程的含义、发展历程和教学实践案例等方面进行了阐述,分析了该课程的可行性和必要性,并建议国内动物科学专业开设此课程,以提高实践教学质量。 | 张佩华 William P.Weiss Lowell T.Midla Aulston Brown 韩奇鹏 曲湘勇 李松励 张婷 朱丹 | 2014 | 中国农业教育2014，15，5： | 11 |
| 4 | 企业家创业认知的理论模型及实证分析显示文摘一、模型的提出 有关创业认知的跨文化模型主要从个体的角度研究新企业创立的意向。相关文献发现诸如社会资本(social capital)、文化或民族价值(cultural or ethnic values)以及一些个人差异因素会强烈地影响到企业家创业认知的本质。同时,文化因素也是一个重要的影响因子,因为具有不同背景的企业家在创业方面有不同的表现。但是。 | 刘忠明 魏立群 Lowell Busenitz | 2003 | 经济界2003，，6： | 9 |
| 5 | 白肋烟叶片、主脉及不同叶位间烟碱转化率的差异显示文摘在大田和温室栽培条件下,以白肋烟TN90不同程度转化株为材料研究了烟叶主脉和不同叶位叶片烟碱转化率的差异及在烟叶晾制过程中的变化,结果表明,转化株烟叶在晾制后主脉的烟碱转化率远高于叶片,叶片的烟碱转化主要发生在烟叶晾制前2周的变黄阶段,叶脉的烟碱转化高峰发生在晾制的第2—3周.未充分发育的烟叶在晾制后的烟碱转化率低于同株充分发育的烟叶,打顶前的烟株中部以上烟叶随叶位的升高烟碱转化率降低,正常成熟的烟株在调制后各部位烟叶的烟碱转化率没有显著差异.非转化株主脉和叶片的烟碱转化率没有差异,且在烟叶调制过程中保持恒定. | 史宏志 刘昉 LOWELL P BUSH | 2006 | 河南农业大学学报2006，40，6： | 5 |
| 6 | Angiographic Patterns of In-Stent Restenosis: Classification and Implications for Long-Term Outcome显示文摘 | Roxana Mehran George Dangas Andrea S. Abizaid Gary S. Mintz Alexandra J. Lansky Lowell F. Satler Augusto D. Pichard Kenneth M. Kent Gregg W. Stone Martin B. Leon | 1999 | Circulation1999，，18： | 4 |
| 7 | 草原田鼠和草甸田鼠波动种群雌鼠的攻击性(英文)显示文摘本文比较研究了草原田鼠和草甸田鼠自然种群在不同密度周期时相雌鼠攻击水平的变化。结果表明,不同密度时相,草原田鼠种群中攻击雌鼠所占比例以及接近、威胁、进攻、退避,进攻/接近等5种行为变量均无显著的差异,5种行为变量与种群密度亦均不呈显著的线形相关关系。然而,草甸田鼠在不同密度时相攻击雌鼠的比例差异显著。低密度时相,雌鼠发生威胁行为的平均次数显著高于上升和衰减时相,进攻行为的平均次数亦显著高于其它时相。本研究结果不支持有关田鼠种群在一个完整的周期过程中具有多态性行为的假设。 | Joyce E. Hofmann Lowell L. Getz | 2004 | 兽类学报2004，24，2： | 4 |
| 8 | Propagation of interplanetary shock excited ultra low frequency (ULF) waves in magnetosphere-ionosphere-atmosphere——Multi-spacecraft “Cluster” and ground-based magnetometer observations显示文摘The ultra low frequency (ULF) wave in magnetosphere can act as an important means for solar wind energy inward transmission.This paper quantitatively analyzes the propagation process of the ULF wave triggered by the interplanetary shock propagating from inner magnetosphere equatorial plane along magnetic field lines to the top of the ionosphere and below ionosphere propagating process and establishes a relatively complete magnetosphere-ionosphere-atmosphere propagation model which can be used to study the relationship between the amplitude of the ULF waves triggered by the interplanetary shock wave in magnetospheric space and the magnetic effect caused by the ULF waves.After a comparison with recent observations,we found that: in the event during November 7,2004 that an interplanetary shock wave interacted with the magnetosphere,Cluster satellites observed that electric field fluctuations and the band-pass filtered result of ground stations meridional component had similar characteristics.Comparing with the geomagnetic measurement near the footprints,we found that the electric field disturbance in the magnetosphere spread along the ground magnetic field lines in the form of the ULF waves and changed into geomagnetic disturbance.The result reveals that the ULF wave is in contact with the ground geomagnetic observation.The ULF waves couple with ionized components in ionosphere and spread to the ground in the form of electromagnetic waves.In this research,we believe that the magnetosphere,ionosphere and ground magnetic effects caused by interplanetary shock wave are the same physical phenomena responding in different locations.Based on the overall consideration of entire electromagnetic response to the interplanetary shock wave,we found that the correlation between CLUSTER multi-satellite observation and geomagnetic station observation is due to the ULF wave propagated in magnetosphere-ionosphere-atmosphere system,and we quantitatively interpreted this response process. | WANG ChengRui1,2,ZONG QiuGang1,3 & WANG YongFu1 1 Institute of Space Physics and Applied Technology,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China 2 Sate Key Laboratory of Space Weather,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China 3 Center for Atmospheric Research,600 Suffolk Street,University of Massachusetts Lowell,MA 01854,USA | 2010 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2010，53，9： | 3 |
| 9 | Genipin inhibits UCP2-mediated proton leak and acutely reverses obesity- and high glucose-induced β cell dysfunction in isolated pancreatic islets显示文摘 | Chen-Yu Zhang Laura E. Parton Chian Ping Ye Stefan Krauss Ruichao Shen Cheng-Ting Lin John A. Porco Bradford B. Lowell | 2006 | Cell Metabolism2006，，6： | 3 |
| 10 | Appropriateness of systemic treatments in unresectable metastatic well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors显示文摘AIM:To evaluate systemic treatment choices in unresectable metastatic well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors(PNETs)and provide consensus treatment recommendations.METHODS:Systemic treatment options for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors have expanded in recent years to include somatostatin analogs,angiogenesis inhibitors,inhibitors of mammalian target of rapamycinand cytotoxic agents.At this time,there is little data to guide treatment selection and sequence.We therefore assembled a panel of expert physicians to evaluate systemic treatment choices and provide consensus treatment recommendations.Treatment appropriateness ratings were collected using the RAND/UCLA modified Delphi process.After studying the literature,a multidisciplinary panel of 10 physicians assessed the appropriateness of various medical treatment scenarios on a 1-9 scale.Ratings were done both before and after an extended discussion of the evidence.Quantitative measurements of agreement were made and consensus statements developed from the second round ratings.RESULTS:Specialties represented were medical and surgical oncology,interventional radiology,and gastroenterology.Panelists had practiced for a mean of15.5 years(range:6-33).Among 202 rated scenarios,disagreement decreased from 13.2%(26 scenarios)before the face-to-face discussion of evidence to 1%(2)after.In the final ratings,46.5%(94 scenarios)were rated inappropriate,21.8%(44)were uncertain,and30.7%(62)were appropriate.Consensus statements from the scenarios included:(1)it is appropriate to use somatostatin analogs as first line therapy in patients with hormonally functional tumors and may be appropriate in patients who are asymptomatic;(2)it is appropriate to use everolimus,sunitinib,or cytotoxic chemotherapy therapy as first line therapy in patients with symptomatic or progressive tumors;and(3)beyond first line,these same agents can be used.In patients with uncontrolled secretory symptoms,octreotide LAR doses can be titrated up to 60 mg every4 wk or up to 40 mg every 3 or 4 wk.CONCLUSION:Using the Delphi process allowed physician experts to systematically obtain a consensus on the appropriateness of a variety of medical therapies in patients with PNETs. | Jonathan R Strosberg George A Fisher Al B Benson Lowell B Anthony Bulent Arslan John F Gibbs Edward Greeno Renuka V Iyer Michelle K Kim William J Maples Philip A Philip Edward M Wolin Dasha Cherepanov Michael S Broder | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，8： | 2 |
| 11 | Outcomes of Neoadjuvant Transarterial Chemoembolization to Downstage Hepatocellular Carcinoma Before Liver Transplantation显示文摘 | William C. Chapman M B. Majella Doyle Jourdan E. Stuart Neeta Vachharajani Jeffrey S. Crippin Christopher D. Anderson Jeffrey A. Lowell Surendra Shenoy Michael D. Darcy Daniel B. Brown | 2008 | Annals of Surgery2008，，4： | 2 |
| 12 | Advanced Donor Age Alone Does Not Affect Patient or Graft Survival after Liver Transplantation显示文摘 | Christopher D. Anderson Neeta Vachharajani Majella Doyle Jeffrey A. Lowell Jason R. Wellen Surendra Shenoy Mauricio Lisker-Melman Kevin Korenblat Jeff Crippin William C. Chapman | 2008 | Journal of the American College of Surgeons2008，，6： | 2 |
| 13 | Outcomes with Split Liver Transplantation Are Equivalent to Those with Whole Organ Transplantation显示文摘 | M.B. Majella Doyle Erin Maynard Yiing Lin Neeta Vachharajani Surendra Shenoy Christopher Anderson Mark Earl Jeffrey A. Lowell William C. Chapman | 2013 | Journal of the American College of Surgeons2013，，1： | 2 |
| 14 | Chlorogenic acid again显示文摘 | Lowell F C | 1966 | J Allergy1966，38，： | 1 |
| 15 | Allergenicity of chlorogenic acid显示文摘 | Lowell F C | 1965 | J Allergy1965，36，3： | 1 |
| 16 | Dectin-1 activates Syk tyrosine klnase in a dynamic subset of macrophages for reactive Oxygen production显示文摘 | Underhill DM Rossnagle E Lowell CA | 2005 | Blood2005，106，： | 1 |
| 17 | Uncoupling proteins 2 and 3: potential regulator of mitochondrial energy metabolism显示文摘 | Boss O Hagen T Lowell BB | 2000 | Biabetes2000，49，2： | 1 |
| 18 | Lipoprotein-associated phespholipase A2 adds to risk prediction of incident coronary events by C-reactive protein in apparently healthy middle-aged men from the general population : results from the 14-year follow-up of a large cohort from southern Germany显示文摘 | Koenig W Khuseyinova N Lowel H | 2004 | Circulation2004，110，： | 1 |
| 19 | Mitoehondrial dysfunction and type 2 diabetes显示文摘 | Lowell BB Shulman GI | 2005 | Science2005，307，5708： | 1 |
| 20 | Serum gam-ma-glutamyltransferase and risk of type 2 diabetesmellitus in men and women from the general popula-tion显示文摘 | Meisinger C Lowel H Heier M | 2005 | J Intern Med2005，258，6： | 1 |
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