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1NanoSIMS analytical technique and its applications in earth sciences显示文摘Despite the significant improvement on spatial resolution,Nano SIMS still preserves relatively high mass resolution,sensitivity,and analytical precision.It has become an important analytical platform to determine chemical compositions of solid materials,and has been widely used in space,earth,life,and materials sciences,etc.By using a Cs+ion beam with a size as small as 50nm scanning over sample surfaces,we are able to obtain high spatial resolution images of up to 7 species simultaneously.When utilizing Faraday cup,high analytical precision of 0.3‰–0.5‰(1SD)for C,O and S isotopic analysis can be achieved.Although this precision level is still lower than that of conventional SIMS,it already meets the major requirements of Earth Sciences.In 2011,the first Nano SIMS of China(Cameca Nano SIMS 50L)was installed at Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences.Based on the working mechanism and analytical modes of the instrument,this paper will systematically introduce the analytical methods established with the Nano SIMS and their potential applications in earth sciences.These methods include trace element distribution images in mineral zoning,high spatial resolution(2–5?m)Pb-Pb and U-Pb dating,water content and H isotopic analysis for silicate glass and apatite,C isotopic analysis for diamond and graphite,O isotopic analysis for carbonate,S isotopic analysis for sulfides.In addition,the specific requirements for sample preparation will also be introduced in order to facilitate domestic earth scientists’use.YANG Wei HU Sen ZHANG JianChao HAO JiaLong LIN YangTing 2015Science China Earth Sciences2015,58,10:9
2Olivine-norite rock detected by the lunar rover Yutu-2 likely crystallized from the SPA-impact melt pool显示文摘Chang’E-4 landed in the South Pole-Aitken(SPA)basin,providing a unique chance to probe the composition of the lunar interior.Its landing site is located on ejecta strips in Von Karm´an crater that´possibly originate from the neighboring Finsen crater.A surface rock and the lunar regolith at 10 sites along the rover Yutu-2 track were measured by the onboard Visible and Near-Infrared Imaging Spectrometer in the first three lunar days of mission operations.In situ spectra of the regolith have peak band positions at 1 and 2μm,similar to the spectral data of Finsen ejecta from the Moon Mineralogy Mapper,which confirms that the regolith’s composition of the landing area is mostly similar to that of Finsen ejecta.The rock spectrum shows similar band peak positions,but stronger absorptions,suggesting relatively fresh exposure.The rock may consist of 38.1±5.4%low-Ca pyroxene,13.9±5.1%olivine and 48.0±3.1%plagioclase,referred to as olivine-norite.The plagioclase-abundant and olivine-poor modal composition of the rock is inconsistent with the origin of the mantle,but representative of the lunar lower crust.Alternatively,the rock crystallized from the impact-derived melt pool formed by the SPA-impact event via mixing the lunar crust and mantle materials.This scenario is consistent with fast-cooling thermal conditions of a shallow melt pool,indicated by the fine to medium-sized texture(<3 mm)of the rock and the SPA-impact melting model[Icarus 2012;220:730–43].Honglei Lin Zhiping He Wei Yang Yangting Lin Rui Xu Chi Zhang Meng-Hua Zhu Rui Chang Jinhai Zhang Chunlai Li Hongyu Lin Yang Liu Sheng Gou Yong Wei Sen Hu Changbin Xue Jianfeng Yang Jie Zhong Xiaohui Fu Weixing Wan Yongliao Zou 2020National Science Review2020,7,5:9
3Petrology and mineral chemistry of new ureilites found in Grove Mountains,Antarctica显示文摘Petrography and mineral chemistry of two new ureilites, GRV 021512 and 022931, from the Grove Mountains, Antarctica, are reported in this paper. GRV 021512 exhibits a typical ureilite texture, and consists of 48.3% olivine, 9.4% pigeonite and 38.1% carbo- naceous interstitial material and/or reduction product. GRV 022931 has a cataclastic porphyritic texture, and consists of 19.1% olivine and 14.1% pigeonite embedded in 66.3% carbonaceous interstitial material and/or reduction product. The coarse-grained olivine and pigeonite in both meteorites have homogeneous cores, and they are FeO-rich within the range of the ferroan subgroup (subgroup I) of olivine-pigeonite ureilites. All olivine grains of the meteorites show reduction zones along boundaries and cracks. Abundant diamond coexists with graphite as graphite-rich patches and veins in the carbonaceous interstitial material. Petrogenesis of both meteorites and the origin of diamond are discussed.Bingkui Miao Yangting Lin Guiqin Wang Daode Wang Ziyuan Ouyang 2008Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2008,18,4:8
4New Lunar Samples Returned by Chang’e-5:Opportunities for New Discoveries and International Collaboration显示文摘On December 16^(th),2020 at 17:59 UTC,the sample capsule of Chang’e-5 successfully landed at Dorbod Banner,Inner Mongolia,China.It is a milestone for the Chinese Lunar Exploration Program(CLEP),which has achieved the goals of its first three phases:orbiting,landing,and sample return.China becomes the third country to return samples from the Moon after the United States and the Soviet Union.Forty-four years since the Luna 24 mission in 1976,new lunar samples have been returned to Earth.Wei Yang Yangting Lin 2021The Innovation2021,2,1:8
5Bulk Chemical Composition of the Ningqiang Carbonaceous Chondrite:An Issue of Classification显示文摘The Ningqiang meteorite is a fall carbonaceous chondrite, containing various Ca-, Al-rich inclusions that usually escaped from secondary events such as high-temperature heating and low- temperature alteration. However, it has not yet been classified into any known chemical group. In order to address this issue, 41 elements of the bulk Ningqiang meteorite were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and inductively coupled plasma atom emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) in this study. The Allende (CV3) carbonaceous chondrite and the Jilin (H5) ordinary chondrite were also measured as references, and our analyses are consistent with the previous results. Rare earth and other refractory lithophile elements are depleted in Ningqiang relative to both Allende and mean CK chondrites. In addition, the REE pattern of Ningqiang is nearly flat, while that of Allende shows slight enrichment of LREE relative to HREE. Siderophile elements of Ningqiang are close to those of mean CK chondrites, but lower than those of Allende. Our new analyses indicate that Ningqiang cannot be classified into any known group of carbonaceous chondrites, consistent with previous reports.WANG Guiqin LIN Yangting 2007Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2007,81,1:3
6Analysis of platinum-group elements in drill core samples from the Meishan Permian-Triassic boundary section, China显示文摘There is a long-standing controversy of what triggered the extinction at the Permian-Triassic boundary, the most severe mass extinction in the geologic record, including flood basaltic volcanism and/or bolide impact hypothesis. In order to clarify various pieces of evidence for the mass extinction event at the Permian-Triassic boundary, some researchers from some laboratories throughout the world have made a comprehensive study on a group of samples from the Meishan area of China. Some fresh core samples from the Permian-Triassic boundary in the Meishan area were analyzed in this study. The results showed that there is no Ir anomaly. Moreover, the PGEs patterns of those samples show obvious differentiation characteristics, that is different from the case encountered in meteorites. So no evidence supports the hypothesis of extraterrestrial impact. In contrast, the PGEs patterns are similar to those of Siberian and Emeishan basalts, which indicates that those PGEs are derived mainly from the basalts, lending a support to the correlation between mass extinction at the Permian-Triassic boundary and flood basaltic volcanism. This study has also confirmed the results for samples from section C prior to the analysis of the samples.XU Lin LIN Yangting 2014Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry2014,33,4:2
7NanoSIMS imaging method of zircon U-Pb dating显示文摘We report an imaging method of zircon U-Pb dating with NanoSIMS 50 L, which overcomes the significant U-Pb fractionation as the pit was sputtered deeper during conventional spot mode analysis and can be applied to irregular small grains or heterogeneous areas of zircon. The U-Pb and Pb-Pb ages can be acquired simultaneously for 2 μm×2 μm(for small grains) or 1 μm×9 μm(for zoned grains), together with Zr, Y and other trace elements distributions. Using zircon M257 as standard, the U-Pb ages of other zircon standards, including Qinghu, Plesovice, Temora and 91500, were measured to(2σ) as158.8±0.8, 335.9±3.4, 412.0±12 and 1067±12 Ma, respectively, consistent with the recommended values within the analytical uncertainties. Tiny zircon grains in the impact melt breccia of the lunar meteorite SaU 169 were also measured in this study,with a Pb-Pb age of 3912±14 Ma and a U-Pb age of 3917±17 Ma, similar to previous results reported for the same meteorite.The imaging method was also applied to determine U-Pb age of the thin overgrowth rims of Longtan metamorphic zircon, with a Pb-Pb age of 1933±27 Ma and a U-Pb age of 1935±25 Ma, clearly distinct from the Pb-Pb age of 2098±61 Ma and the U-Pb age of 2054±40 Ma for detrital cores.HU Sen LIN YangTing YANG Wei WANG Wei-(RZ) ZHANG JianChao HAO JiaLong XING WeiFan 2016Science China Earth Sciences2016,59,11:2
8Petrography,mineral chemistry and shock metamorphism of Yamato 984028 lherzolitic shergottite显示文摘Y984028 is a new lherzolitic shergottite,consisting of poikilitic and non-poikilitic lithologies.The mafic silicates are FeO-poor,and the chromite is TiO 2-poor in the poikilitic lithology compared to the grains in the non-poikilitic lithology.This meteorite shares similarmineral petrography andmineral chemistry with GRV 99027,but is not paired with the latter because of their different shock-induced features.Y984028 was severely shocked and experienced no significant thermal metamorphism after the main impact event.Hence,Y984028 serves as a probe for the study of meteorite impact processes on terrestrial surfaces.The melt veins in Y984028 are characterized by the absence of any high-pressure polymorphs,the presence of abundant smallmineral fragments,and the prevailing granulation textures of olivine and chromite.These features are consistent with adiabatic melting during the release of shock-induced high-pressure and quenching at ambient pressure.HU Sen FENG Lu LIN YangTing 2011Chinese Science Bulletin2011,56,15:2
9Cosmic-ray exposure and gas retention ages of the Guang-mingshan(H5) chondrite显示文摘Isotopic compositions of noble gases from the Guangmingshan chondrite were analyzed. Based on the analyses of cosmogenic nuclei, cosmic-ray exposure age of the meteorite is (65±10.0) Ma (3He), (80±12) Ma (21Ne) and (65±10.0) Ma (38Ar), with an average of 70 Ma. This is the highest exposure age of H-group ordinary chondrites. Gas retention ages of K-Ar and U, Th-4He are (4230±100) Ma and (3300±60) Ma, respectively. The smaller ages of 3He than 21Ne and 4He than Ar suggest that both 3He and 4He lost together. This is probably related to a solar heating effect of a meteorite with a small perihelion during the last exposure period.WANG Daode LIN Yangting LIU Jinyuan 2001Chinese Science Bulletin2001,46,18:2
10SPACE CHEMISTRY RESEARCHES IN CHINA DURING 2000-2001显示文摘Over the past two years, significant progress in space chemistry has been made in China. The research fields include meteorites, pre-solar materials, science researches of the moon, effects of the space debris on space environment, and heterogeneity of the Earth. Chinese Lunar Exploration Project Some studies are also dedicated to one important space mission 'Chinese Lunar Exploration Project'. In this paper, the main achievements are outlined, and some concepts and hypotheses are briefly revised.ZOU Yongliao LIN Yangting LI Chunlai LIU Jianzhong OUYANG Ziyuan XU Lin 2002空间科学学报2002,22,z1:1
11Joint stiffness identifica- tion using FRF measurements 显示文摘YangT C Fan S H Lin C S 2003Computers and Structures2003,81,:1
12Bulk compositions of metallic Fe-Ni of chondrites: Constraints on fractionation of siderophile and chalcophile elements显示文摘Bulk compositions of metallic Fe-Ni from two equilibrated ordinary chondrites, Jilin (H5) and Anlong (H5), and two unequilibrated ones, GRV 9919 (L3) and GRV 021603 (H3), were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The CI-, Co-normalized abundances of siderophile and chalcophile elements of metallic Fe-Ni from the unequilibrated ordinary chondrites correlate with 50% condensation temperatures (i.e., volatility) of the elements. The refractory siderophile elements (i.e., platinum group elements, Re), Au, Ni and Co show a flat pattern (1.01×CI Co-normalized), while moderate elements (As, Cu, Ag, Ga, Ge, Zn) decrease with volatility from 0.63×CI (Co-normalized, As) to 0.05×CI (Co-normalized, Zn). Cr and Mn show deficit relative to the trend, probably due to their main partition in silicates and sulfides (nonmagnetic). Metallic Fe-Ni from the equilibrated ordinary chondrites shows similar patterns, except for strong deficit of Cr, Mn, Ag and Zn. It is indicated that these elements were almost all partitioned into silicates and/or sulfides during thermal metamorphism. The similar deficit of Cr, Mn, Ag and Zn was also found in iron meteorites. Our analyses demonstrate similar behaviors of W and Mo as refractory siderophile elements during condensation of the solar nebula, except for slight depletion of Mo in the L3 and H5 chondrites. The Mo-depletion of metallic Fe-Ni from GRV 9919 (L3) relative to GRV 021603 (H3) could be due to a more oxidizing condition of the former than the latter in the solar nebula. In contrast, the Mo-depletion of the metallic Fe-Ni from the H5 chondrites may reflect partition of Mo from metal to silicates and/or sulfides during thermal metamorphism in the asteroidal body.XU Lin LIN Yangting WANG Shijie OUYANG Ziyuan 2009Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry2009,28,3:1
13FeO-rich silicates and Ca, Al-rich inclusions in Qingzhen andYamato 691 (EH3) meteorites: Evidence for migration of mass in the solar nebula显示文摘The Qingzhen and Yamato 691 (EH3) enstatite chondrites, which formed under extremely reducing condi-tions, are studied using the scanning electron microscope and electron probe microanalyzer. Both meteorites contain FeO-rich silicates and minor Ca, Al-rich inclusions. Most FeO-rich silicates are Ca-poor pyroxenes and occur as frag-ments in matrix. A few grains of FeO-rich silicates were found in chondrules, and FeO-rich olivine is rare. In Qingzhen, FeO-rich silicates commonly contain abundant dust-like Ni-poor metals, which probably formed through reduction of FeO. In contrast, only a few fragments of FeO-rich silicates in Yamato 691 enclose dust-like metals. This difference is consistent with a more reducing condition of Qingzhen than Yamato 691. Ca, Al-rich inclusions have similar modal compositions and mineral chemistry as their counterparts in carbonaceous chondrites. We suggest that (1) the FeO-rich silicates probably formed in oxidized regions of the solar nebula, and then moved into theLIN Yangting OUYANG Ziyuan A.EI Goresy 2002Chinese Science Bulletin2002,47,2:1
14Neutron capture effects and pre-atmospheric sizes of meteoroids显示文摘Excesses of 80Kr and 82Kr, produced by secondary neutron capture effects of 79Br and 81Br, were observed in meteorites. Epithermal neutron flux, Jn (30—300 eV), and fast neutron flux, Jn( > 5 MeV), were determined according to reactions of 79Br(n, gb)80Kr, 81Br(n, gb)82Kr, and 24Mg(n, a)21Ne, respectively. Cosmogenic noble gases of several ordinary chondrites fell in China indicate a positive relationship between Jn (30—300 eV)/Jn ( > 5 MeV) ratio and Jn (30—300 eV). This suggests large pre-atmospheric sizes of the meteorites, and a considerable fraction of the secondary neutrons were slowed down to epithermal energy. According to its relationship with Jn (30—300 eV)/Jn ( > 5 MeV) ratio, the pre-atmospheric minimum radii and masses of several Chinese chondrites were estimated as below: Zhaodong: 60 cm, 3200 kg; Laochengzhen: 23 cm, 490 kg; Suizhou: 31 cm, 450 kg; Xi Ujimgin: 22 cm, 160 kg; Dongtai: 21 cm, 140 kg.WANG Daode & LIN Yangting Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China Correspondence should be addressed to Wang Daode (e-mail: gzwangdd @public.guangzhou.gd.cn) 2003Chinese Science Bulletin2003,48,20:1
15Scientific objectives and payload configuration of the Chang’E-7 mission显示文摘As the cornerstone mission of the fourth phase of the Chinese Lunar Exploration Program,Chang’E-7(CE-7)was officially approved,and implementation started in 2022,including a main probe and a communication relay satellite.The main probe,consisting of an orbiter,a lander,a rover and a mini-flying probe,is scheduled to be launched in 2026.The lander will land on Shackleton crater’s illuminated rim near the lunar south pole,along with the rover and mini-flying probe.The relay satellite(named Queqiao-2)will be launched in February 2024 as an independent mission to support relay communication during scientific exploration undertaken by Chang’E-4,the upcoming Chang’E-6 in 2024 and subsequent lunar missions.The CE-7 mission is mainly aimed at scientific and resource exploration of the lunar south pole.We present CE-7’s scientific objectives,the scientific payloads configuration and the main functions for each scientific payload with its key technical specifications.Chi Wang Yingzhuo Jia Changbin Xue Yangting Lin Jianzhong Liu Xiaohui Fu Lin Xu Yun Huang Yufen Zhao Yigang Xu Rui Gao Yong Wei Yuhua Tang Dengyun Yu Yongliao Zou 2024National Science Review2024,11,2:0
16Space weathering simulation and spectrum decoding显示文摘Visible and near-infrared spectra are routinely used to achieve mineral abundances and mineral chemistry of the global surfaces of the Moon and asteroids.However,these spectra can be significantly modified by space weathering,including micrometeorite impacting,solar wind implanting and cosmic ray irradiation.In this paper we report results of laser-bombarding experiments on the Jilin ordinary chondrite,simulating micrometeorite impacting on the surface of asteroids.After laser bombardment,the spectra became significantly redder and moderately darker. With the Modified Gaussian Model(MGM)method,the absorption band positions of olivine can be decoded from the modified spectra,which are correlated with their fayalite contents.In addition,a continuum of the modified spectra can be decoded,and its slope may be used to depict the degree of space weathering.However,relative strengths of the absorption sub-bands of olivine and pyroxenes show significant variant after the bombardment, hence they cannot be used to estimate the relative abundances of high-Ca to low-Ca pyroxenes of the lunar surface and other matured surfaces of asteroids.HU Sen LIN Yangting 2012Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry2012,31,2:0
17Progress of Planetary Science in China显示文摘The national and international progress in deep space exploration has greatly promoted the development of planetary science in China.Substantial progress in different areas of planetary science has been achieved in 2020-2022.In this report,we summarize the research achievements obtained in China in the last three years.The achievements include the research on geology,geochemistry,and space physics of the Moon,Mars,Mercury,Venus,giant planets,asteroids,and comets.The recent work on science objectives,mission payloads,and analytical capabilities that supports the lunar and deep space exploration program of China has also been introduced in this report.Finally,we report the progress on developments of discipline and research team of planetary science in China.HUI Hejiu RONG Zhaojin ZHANG Jinhai HU Sen LIN Honglei WEI Yong LIN Yangting 2022空间科学学报2022,42,4:0
18Progresses and prospects of impact crater studies显示文摘Crater is a geologic structure in solid bodies(including the terrestrial planets, moons, and asteroids) formed by hyperspeed impact, and the impact process is extremely important to the formation and evolution of these celestial bodies. This paper presents a review of the studies on remote sensing observation, formation mechanism, and scientific application of craters. On the remote sensing study of craters, the topographic characteristics of the micro-craters, simple craters, complex craters, and impact basins are described,the related parameters in the morphological studies of craters are subsequently introduced, and the distribution characteristics of the minerals and rock types during the impact excavation process are analyzed,the methods of crater identification and the crater databases on the Moon, Mars, Ceres, and Vesta are summarized. On the studies of crater formation mechanism, the general formation process of the craters is firstly described, and then the most frequently used methods are presented, and the importance of the empirical equations is also elucidated. On the scientific applications of the craters, the principle and currently utilization of the planetary surface dating method with crater size-frequency distribution are firstly presented, and the applications, including modeling the lunar regolith formation and thickness derivation of both the regolith and basalt, are reviewed. Finally, the future prospects of the formation mechanism study of the craters are discussed.Zongyu YUE Ke SHI Kaichang DI Yangting LIN Sheng GOU 2023Science China Earth Sciences2023,66,11:0
19SHARAD study on the structures and permittivity of a buried impact crater in Martian Central Elysium Planitia显示文摘The Elysium Planitia,located in the transition zone between the northern and southern hemispheres,is one of the key areas for studying the stratigraphic structure and geological history of Mars.Previous studies have shown that this plain has undergone complex surface modification processes including fluvial and volcanic processes,and systematic progress has been made in the study of macro-geological processes.However,there are relatively few studies on the regional structure of the plain,which restricts our understanding of the regional geological processes.A buried impact crater in the central part of the Elysium Planitia could have recorded the surface modification process since the formation of the impact crater,however,it is difficult to distinguish the subsurface stratigraphy due to the weak orbital radar reflection signal.In this study,we denoised Shallow Radar data and obtained a radargram with clear subsurface reflectors.We estimated the permittivity of subsurface materials via a multilayer reflection model.The results show that two subsurface reflectors divide the structure of the buried impact crater into three layers(overlying layer,underlying layer,and bottom layer).The shallow subsurface reflector covers almost the whole impact crater,while the deep subsurface reflector covers only the southwest part of the impact crater.Combining the permittivity inversion results with the geological background of lava activity in the Elysium Planitia area,we argue that the overlying layer may be a mixture of regolith and lava flow with low density,while the underlying layer and bottom layer are dense lava flows.The reflector between the underlying layer and bottom layer is probably a thin deposit derived from weathering between two lava activities,and its possible formation mechanism is as follows:the crater rim and peripheral ejecta has undergone relatively strong wind erosion and the eroded material was transport to the southwestern part of the impact crater,forming continuous thin deposits,between the emplacements of two lava flows.This is consistent with the wind erosion environment prevailing at low latitudes in the Late Amazonian of Mars.This study uses processed orbital radar data,dielectric property inversion,and geological structure interpretation of regional buried impact craters as a local example to demonstrate how radar data can be used to understand regional depositional processes,and it serves as a reference for studying the geological history of similar regional structures on Mars.Peng FANG Wenzhe FA Jinhai ZHANG Yangting LIN 2023Science China Earth Sciences2023,66,11:0
20Mineralogical evidence of water activity in the northern lowlands of Mars based on inflight-calibrated spectra from the Zhurong rover显示文摘Hydrated minerals provide direct indications of the early Martian water environment. The various clay minerals and evaporite salts found to date are mainly exposed in the ancient southern highlands of Mars. While it is believed that the area of the northern lowlands could have hosted a global ocean in the past, its surface is covered with a layer of spectrally nonabsorbing materials, and orbital hyperspectral remote sensing has found only sparse evidence for the presence of water. China's first Mars exploration mission, Tianwen-1, landed in the putative ancient shoreline zone of the northern lowlands of Mars. Its rover,Zhurong, conducted high-spatial-resolution reconnaissance to reveal the geological and environmental evolution of this region.Owing to frequent dust storms, not only is the Martian surface covered with dust, but also the spectral calibration panels on the rover are affected by dust coverage. Data from the shortwave infrared(SWIR) spectrometer onboard the rover are also affected by other environmental factors such as instrumental temperature changes and atmospheric carbon dioxide absorption. This study recalibrated the in situ SWIR data to minimize the impact of the above factors. The recalibrated spectral data show that the reflectance of the landing area falls within the normal range of Martian soil, and confirm the presence of several important absorption peaks. The absorption characteristics indicate the presence of polyhydrated sulfates, gypsum, and hydrated silicates in the surface materials along the rover track, with sulfate content of <27–39 wt.%. Our results further confirm past activity of liquid water in the Zhurong rover landing area, providing mineralogical evidence supporting hypotheses related to underground water or an ancient shoreline.Honglei LIN Yangting LIN Yong WEI Sheng GOU Chi ZHANG Renhao RUAN Yongxin PAN 2023Science China Earth Sciences2023,66,11:0
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