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| 1 | Degassing of primordial hydrogen and helium as the major energy source for internal terrestrial processes显示文摘Examples of the mightiest energy releases by great earthquakes and volcanic eruptions and hypotheses providing explanations for them are analyzed along with the results of some recently published researches and visualizations.The emerging conclusions are that the mechanism of the strong earthquake is a chemical explosion;that volcanic eruption is a special type of earthquake wherein the hypocenter rises to the earth-surface;and that there is an association between the seismic-volcanic processes and mantle 'fluids' and the lack of energy for mantle plumes.A conceptual system of hypotheses is put forward to explain the conservation of energy during Earth’s accretion,its quasi-stable release by primordial H- and He-degassing and of the crucial role of the energy of degassing-comprisingreactions in endogenic processes.Specific mechanisms and chemical processes are proposed for the gas-liquid mantle plumes melting through the solid mantle using heat-energy released in reactions of their metamorphic and chemical transformation under gradual decrease of pressure and temperature;volcanic gases are put forward as energy carriers.He performance as a unique measuring transformer correlative to the internal heat flow was used for calculation of energy release by degassing;it equals to 5.12×1020 J/yr.an amount of energy five-fold greater than the entire energy loss involved in earthquake and volcanic activity.The hypotheses proposed are objectively testable. | Arie Lev Gilat Alexander Vol | 2012 | Geoscience Frontiers2012，3，6： | 7 |
| 2 | 第二代液态电渣冶金技术的发展显示文摘描述了基于导电结晶器的第二代液态电渣冶金技术的原理、特点和应用情况,主要包括液态电渣浇注实心锭、空心锭和复合轧辊。同时,介绍了采用液态电渣浇注技术制备双金属耐腐蚀钢筋和铜钢复合电极的试验结果。最后,对今后的发展提出了展望,指出液态电渣浇注技术与连铸工艺的结合将是今后的发展趋势,并提出了液态电渣多次多层复合法制备特大型钢锭的可行性。 | 姜周华 Lev Medovar Ganna Stovpchenko 董艳伍 臧喜民 刘福斌 | 2013 | 钢铁研究学报2013，25，3： | 7 |
| 3 | 质量的概念显示文摘本文认为,在现代相对论的语言中,只有一个质量概念,就是牛顿力学中的质量用,它不随物体的运动速度变化.因此,著名的公式E=mc2是不妥的. | Lev B.Okun 马文麒 | 1992 | 大学物理1992，11，2： | 5 |
| 4 | 急性缺血性卒中影像学检查的建议--美国心脏协会的科学声明(中)显示文摘2.3核磁共振血管成像(MRA)
2.3.1背景和方法:在头部MRI检查中常结合MRA,用于急性卒中患者病情评估以指导治疗决策的制定^[19]。日前,有几种不同的MRA技术用于脑血管成像,包括二维时间飞跃(timeof-flight,TOF)序列、三维TOF序列、 | Latchaw RE Alberts MJ Lev MH 蒋丽丹 | 2010 | 中国脑血管病杂志2010，7，4： | 4 |
| 5 | 动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血患者出血后脑血管痉挛的介入治疗显示文摘本临床实践标准述及动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血患者出血后脑血管痉挛(post—hemorrhagiccerebralvasospasm,PHCV)的介入治疗。这些结论基于神经介入外科学学会的标准委员会的评估,包括使用由美国心脏协会卒中委员会和牛津大学循证医学中心提出的循证医学指南进行的文献回顾。特别关注现有介入治疗方法的安全性和有效性,包括腔内球囊血管成形术(transluminalballoonangioplasty,TBA)和动脉内血管扩张药物输注治疗(intra-arterialvasodilatorinfusiontherapy,IAVT)。评估结果显示,这些侵袭性介入治疗可能有益,并可考虑用于PHCV,如伴有脑缺血症状和最佳的药物治疗无效的患者的治疗。概括起来,IAVT对累及近端和(或)远端颅内脑循环的PHCV可能有益,而TBA则可能对累及近端颅内脑循环的PHCV有益。评估结果显示,对于上述适应证,根据美国心脏协会指南可将TBA和IAVT归为IIb级推荐和B级证据,根据牛津大学循证医学中心指南则可归为4级推荐和C级证据。 | Todd Abruzzo Christopher Moran Kristine A Blacldaam Clifford J Eskey Raisa Lev Philip Meyers Sandra Narayanan Charles Joseph Prestigjacol~ 黄凯滨(译) 吴永明(译) | 2013 | 国际脑血管病杂志2013，21，1： | 4 |
| 6 | Numerical simulation of artificial ground freezing in a fluid-saturated rock mass with account for filtration and mechanical processes显示文摘This study is devoted to the numerical simulation of the artificial ground freezing process in a fluid-saturated rock mass of the potassium salt deposit. A coupled model of nonstationary thermal conductivity, filtration and thermo-poroelasticity,which takes into account dependence of the physical properties on temperature and pressure, is proposed on the basis of the accepted hypotheses. The considered area is a cylinder with a depth of 256 meters and diameter of 26.5 meters and includes 13 layers with different thermophysical and filtration properties. Numerical simulation was carried out by the finite-element method. It has been shown that substantial ice wall formation occurs non-uniformly along the layers. This can be connected with geometry of the freezing wells and with difference in physical properties. The average width of the ice wall in each layer was calculated. It was demonstrated that two toroidal convective cells induced by thermogravitational convection were created from the very beginning of the freezing process. The effect of the constant seepage flow on the ice wall formation was investigated. It was shown that the presence of the slow flow lead to the delay in ice wall closure. In case of the flow with a velocity of more than 30 mm per day, closure of the ice wall was not observed at all in the foreseeable time. | Ivan A. Panteleev Anastasiia A. Kostina Oleg A. Plekhov Lev Yu. Levin | 2017 | Research in Cold and Arid Regions2017，9，4： | 3 |
| 7 | Significance of postoperative follow-up of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer using circulating tumor DNA显示文摘BACKGROUND One of the most notable applications for circulating tumor DNA(ctDNA)detection in peripheral blood of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer(mCRC)is a long-term postoperative follow-up.Sometimes referred to as a“liquid(re)biopsy”it is a minimally invasive procedure and can be performed repeatedly at relatively short intervals(months or even weeks).The presence of the disease and the actual extent of the tumor burden(tumor mass)within the patient’s body can be monitored.This is of particular importance,especially when evaluating radicality of surgical treatment as well as for early detection of disease progression or recurrence.AIM To confirm the radicality of surgery using ctDNA and compare available methods for detection of recurrence in metastatic colorectal cancer.METHODSA total of 47 patients with detected ctDNA and indications for resection of mCRC were enrolled in the multicenter study involving three surgical centers.Standard postoperative follow-ups using imaging techniques and the determination of tumor markers were supplemented by ctDNA sampling.In addition to the baseline ctDNA testing prior to surgery,a postoperative observation was conducted by evaluating ctDNA presence up to a week after surgery and subsequently at approximately three-month intervals.The presence of ctDNA was correlated with radicality of surgical treatment and the actual clinical status of the patient.RESULTS Among the monitored patients,the R0(curative)resection correlated with postoperative ctDNA negativity in 26 out of 28 cases of surgical procedures(26/28,93%).In the remaining cases of R0 surgeries that displayed ctDNA,both patients were diagnosed with a recurrence of the disease after 6 months.In 7 patients who underwent an R1 resection,4 ctDNA positivities(4/7,57%)were detected after surgery and associated with the confirmation of early disease recurrence(after 3 to 7 months).All 15 patients(15/15,100%)undergoing R2 resection remained constantly ctDNA positive during the entire follow-up period.In 22 cases of recurrence,ctDNA positivity was detected 22 times(22/22,100%)compared to 16 positives(16/22,73%)by imaging methods and 15 cases(15/22,68%)of elevated tumor markers.CONCLUSION ctDNA detection in patients with mCRC is a viable tool for early detection of disease recurrence as well as for confirmation of the radicality of surgical treatment. | Lucie Benešová Tereza Hálková Renata Ptáčková Anastasiya Semyakina Kateřina Menclová JiříPudil Miroslav Ryska Miroslav Levý JaromírŠimša Filip Pazdírek JiříHoch Milan Blaha Marek Minárik | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，48： | 3 |
| 8 | 急性缺血性卒中影像学检查的建议--美国心脏协会的科学声明(上)显示文摘卒中是一种常见、严重的疾病,仅美国每年的新发病例就高达795000例,并已成为全世界人类死亡和残疾的主要病因。10年前,重组型组织纤溶酶原激活剂(recombinant tissue plasminogen activator,rt—PA)被批准用于治疗急性缺血性卒中。rt—PA应用指南建议,应在卒中发病后3h内静脉给予rt—PA,给药前应行头部CT检查,排除颅内出血。 | Latchaw RE Alberts MJ Lev MH 蒋丽丹 | 2010 | 中国脑血管病杂志2010，7，3： | 3 |
| 9 | The Siberian Craton and its evolution in terms of the Rodinia hypothesis显示文摘 | Dmitry Gladkochub Sergei Pisarevsky Tatiana Donskaya Lev Natapov Anatoliy Mazukabzov Arkadiy Stanevich Eugene Sklyarov | 2006 | Episodes2006，29，3： | 3 |
| 10 | Nontrivial coupling of light into a defect:the interplay of nonlinearity and topology显示文摘The flourishing of topological photonics in the last decade was achieved mainly due to developments in linear topological photonic structures.However,when nonlinearity is introduced,many intriguing questions arise.For example,are there universal fingerprints of the underlying topology when modes are coupled by nonlinearity,and what can happen to topological invariants during nonlinear propagation?To explore these questions,we experimentally demonstrate nonlinearity-induced coupling of light into topologically protected edge states using a photonic platform and develop a general theoretical framework for interpreting the mode-coupling dynamics in nonlinear topological systems.Performed on laser-written photonic Su-Schrieffer-Heeger lattices,our experiments show the nonlinear coupling of light into a nontrivial edge or interface defect channel that is otherwise not permissible due to topological protection.Our theory explains all the observations well.Furthermore,we introduce the concepts of inherited and emergent nonlinear topological phenomena as well as a protocol capable of revealing the interplay of nonlinearity and topology.These concepts are applicable to other nonlinear topological systems,both in higher dimensions and beyond our photonic platform. | Shiqi Xia Dario Jukic Nan Wang Daria Smirnova Lev Smirnov Liqin Tang Daohong Song Alexander Szameit Daniel Leykam Jingjun Xu Zhigang Chen Hrvoje Buljan | 2020 | Light(Science & Applications)2020，9，1： | 3 |
| 11 | The capitalization, amortization, and value-relevance of R&D显示文摘 | Baruch Lev Theodore Sougiannis | 1996 | Journal of Accounting and Economics1996，，1： | 3 |
| 12 | Dissociation behavior of “dry water” C_3H_8 hydrate below ice point:Effect of phase state of unreacted residual water on a mechanism of gas hydrates dissociation显示文摘The results on a dissociation behavior of propane hydrates prepared from 'dry water' and contained unreacted residual water in the form of ice inclusions or supercooled liquid water(water solution of gas) were presented for temperatures below 273 K.The temperature ramping or pressure release method was used for the dissociation of propane hydrate samples.It was found that the mechanism of gas hydrate dissociation at temperatures below 273 K depended on the phase state of unreacted water in the hydrate sample.Gas hydrates dissociated into ice and gas if the ice inclusions were in the hydrate sample.The samples of propane hydrates with inclusions of unreacted supercooled water only(without ice inclusions) dissociated into supercooled water and gas below the pressure of the supercooled water-hydrate-gas metastable equilibrium. | Andrey O Drachuk Vladimir P Melnikov Nadezhda S Molokitina Anatoliy N Nesterov Lev S Podenko Aleksey M Reshetnikov Andrey Yu Manakov | 2015 | Journal of Energy Chemistry2015，24，3： | 2 |
| 13 | Complications of Endoscopy显示文摘 | Lev Ginzburg David Greenwald Jonathan Cohen | 2007 | Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Clinics of North Americ2007，，2： | 2 |
| 14 | Identification of influential spreaders in complex networks显示文摘 | Kitsak Maksim Gallos Lazaros K Havlin Shlomo Liljeros Fredrik Muchnik Lev Stanley H Eugene Makse Hernán A | 2010 | Nature Physics2010，，11： | 2 |
| 15 | A ceRNA Hypothesis: The Rosetta Stone of a Hidden RNA Language?显示文摘 | Leonardo Salmena Laura Poliseno Yvonne Tay Lev Kats Pier Paolo Pandolfi | 2011 | Cell2011，，3： | 2 |
| 16 | Neuroprotective and growth-promoting effects of bone marrow stromal cells after cervical spinal cord injury in adult rats显示文摘 | Liudmila N. Novikova Maria Brohlin Paul J. Kingham Lev N. Novikov Mikael Wiberg | 2011 | Cytotherapy2011，，7： | 2 |
| 17 | 创造自由的革命艺术宣言显示文摘我们可以毫不夸张地说,文明从来没有像今天这样面临严重的威胁.汪达尔人曾用野蛮的、但相比之下效率要低得多的手段在欧洲的一角抹去了古代文化.但是,今天我们看到,具有统一的历史的世界文明,却正被以整个现代技术军火库武装起来的反动力量击打得摇摇晃晃.我们所想到的绝非仅仅是日益迫近的世界大战.即使是在“和平”时期.艺术与科学的地位也已变得令人完全无法容忍。 任何哲学、社会学、科学或艺术的发现,只要它来源于某一个人,只要它使人的主观才能得到发挥,创造山某种客观上起到丰富文化作用的东西, | Andre Breton Lev Trotsky 陈群 钱爱芬 柯平 | 1991 | 世界美术1991，，4： | 2 |
| 18 | Review of therapeutic drug monitoring of anticancer drugs part two – Targeted therapies显示文摘 | Nicolas Widmer Christophe Bardin Etienne Chatelut Angelo Paci Jos Beijnen Dominique Levêque Gareth Veal Alain Astier | 2014 | European Journal of Cancer2014，，： | 2 |
| 19 | Identification of influential spreaders in complex networks显示文摘 | Kitsak Maksim Gallos Lazaros K Havlin Shlomo Liljeros Fredrik Muchnik Lev Stanley H Eugene Makse Hernán A | 2010 | Nature Physics2010，，11： | 2 |
| 20 | Aortic Cross-sectional area/height ratio timing of aortic surgery in asymptomatic patients with Marfan syndrome 显示文摘 | Svensson LG Lev Khitin Burlington T | 2002 | J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg2002，123，2： | 1 |
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