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| 1 | Epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease in South America: A systematic review显示文摘BACKGROUND The worldwide epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is rapidly changing.Increasing Crohn’s disease(CD)and ulcerative colitis(UC)incidence and prevalence have been recorded in developing regions such as Asia,Africa and Eastern Europe where it was previously thought to be uncommon.Whether this is also the case in South America is not well known.Demonstration that developing regions worldwide have increasing IBD incidence would indicate that environmental change plays a significant role in the development of IBD.AIM To report the incidence,prevalence and disease characteristics of CD and UC within the South American continent.METHODS A systematic review was conducted by searching published studies in major international and regional databases(MEDLINE,EMBASE and Scopus)between January 1990 and December 2018.Outcomes considered were incidence,prevalence,phenotype,environmental and genetic factors,ethnicity and gender.A pair of independent reviewers screened and reviewed all identified articles.RESULTS One hundred and sixty two citations were initially retrieved with 18 studies included in this systematic review.The majority of included studies were from Brazil(n=13,72%).The incidence of UC ranged from 4.3-5.3/100000 personyears whilst the incidence of CD ranged from 0.74-3.5/100000 person-years.Prevalence ranged from 15.0-24.1/100000 inhabitants for UC and from 2.4-14.1/100000 inhabitants for CD.The incidence and prevalence of both UC and CD has increased significantly in Brazil over the past 21 years.Pancolitis was the most common disease distribution in patients with UC whilst colonic involvement was the most common distribution in CD.People residing in urban areas were at higher risk of developing both CD and UC.CONCLUSION The IBD burden in South America is increasing at a rate possibly even greater than other developing regions around the world.There is a paucity of highquality epidemiological studies and further robust and representative data are required to further explore modifiable risk factors and disease phenotypes. | Sriharan Selvaratnam Santiago Gullino Lisa Shim Eric Lee Alice Lee Sudarshan Paramsothy Rupert W Leong | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，47： | 5 |
| 2 | Epidemiological studies of migration and environmental risk factors in the inflammatory bowel diseases显示文摘Inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD)are idiopathic chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract well known to be associated with both genetic and environmental risk factors.Permissive genotypes may manifest into clinical phenotypes under certain environmental influences and these may be best studied from migratory studies.Exploring differences between first and second generation migrants may further highlight the contribution of environmental factors towards the development of IBD.There are few opportunities that have been offered so far.We aim to review the available migration studies on IBD,evaluate the known environmental factors associated with IBD,and explore modern migration patterns to identify new opportunities and candidate migrant groups in IBD migration research. | Yanna Ko Rhys Butcher Rupert W Leong | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，5： | 5 |
| 3 | Current application of proteomics in biomarker discoveryfor inflammatory bowel disease显示文摘Recently, the field of proteomics has rapidly expanded in its application towards clinical research with objectives ranging from elucidating disease pathogenesis to discovering clinical biomarkers. As proteins govern and/or reflect underlying cellular processes, the study of proteomics provides an attractive avenue for research as it allows for the rapid identification of protein profiles in a biological sample. Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) encompasses several heterogeneous and chronic conditions of the gastrointestinal tract. Proteomic technology provides a powerful means of addressing major challenges in IBD today, especially for identifying biomarkers to improve its diagnosis and management. This review will examine the current state of IBD proteomics research and its use in biomarker research. Furthermore, we also discuss the challenges of translating proteomic research into clinically relevant tools. The potential application of this growing field is enormous and is likely to provide significant insights towards improving our future understanding and management of IBD. | Patrick PY Chan Valerie C Wasinger Rupert W Leong | 2016 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology2016，7，1： | 5 |
| 4 | Projection of the Zhujiang(Pearl) River Delta's potential submerged area due to sea level rise during the 21st century based on CMIP5 simulations显示文摘Projections of potential submerged area due to sea level rise are helpful for improving understanding of the influence of ongoing global warming on coastal areas. The Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition method is used to adaptively decompose the sea level time series in order to extract the secular trend component. Then the linear relationship between the global mean sea level(GMSL) change and the Zhujiang(Pearl) River Delta(PRD)sea level change is calculated: an increase of 1.0 m in the GMSL corresponds to a 1.3 m(uncertainty interval from1.25 to 1.46 m) increase in the PRD. Based on this relationship and the GMSL rise projected by the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 under three greenhouse gas emission scenarios(representative concentration pathways, or RCPs, from low to high emission scenarios RCP2.6, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5), the PRD sea level is calculated and projected for the period 2006–2100. By around the year 2050, the PRD sea level will rise 0.29(0.21 to 0.40) m under RCP2.6, 0.31(0.22 to 0.42) m under RCP4.5, and 0.34(0.25 to 0.46) m under RCP8.5, respectively.By 2100, it will rise 0.59(0.36 to 0.88) m, 0.71(0.47 to 1.02) m, and 1.0(0.68 to 1.41) m, respectively. In addition,considering the extreme value of relative sea level due to land subsidence(i.e., 0.20 m) and that obtained from intermonthly variability(i.e., 0.33 m), the PRD sea level will rise 1.94 m by the year 2100 under the RCP8.5scenario with the upper uncertainty level(i.e., 1.41 m). Accordingly, the potential submerged area is 8.57×103 km2 for the PRD, about 1.3 times its present area. | XIA Jiangjiang YAN Zhongwei ZHOU Wen FONG Soi Kun LEONG Ka Cheng TANG Iu Man CHANG S W LEONG W K JIN Shaofei | 2015 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2015，34，9： | 3 |
| 5 | Cervical Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Induced by Unbalanced Dynamic and Static Forces: A Novel In Vivo Rat Model显示文摘 | Yong-Jun Wang Qi Shi W W. Lu K C. M. Cheung Michael Darowish Tian-Fang Li Yu-Feng Dong Chong-Jian Zhou Quan Zhou Zhi-jun Hu Mei Liu Qin Bian Chen-Guang Li K D. K. Luk J C. Y. Leong | 2006 | Spine2006，，14： | 2 |
| 6 | Injectable drug-delivery systems based on supramolcular hydrogels formed by poly(ethylene oxide)s andα - cyclodextrin 显示文摘 | Ni X P Leong K W | 2003 | Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A2003，65，2： | 1 |
| 7 | Dynamic multiple swarms in multiobjective particle swarm optimization显示文摘 | YEN G G LEONG W F | 2009 | IEEE Trans on Systems Man and Cybernetics Part A: Systems and Humans2009，39，4： | 1 |
| 8 | On the reconfiguration of de- gradable VLSI/WSI arrays显示文摘 | Low C P Leong H W | 1997 | IEEE Trans Comput- er-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems1997，16，10： | 1 |
| 9 | A security model for distributed product data management system显示文摘 | K K Leong K M Yu W B Lee | 2003 | Computers in Industry2003，50，： | 1 |
| 10 | Call Admission Control for Integrated On/Off Voice and Best-Effort Data Services in Mobile Cellular Communications显示文摘 | Leong C W Weihua Zhuang Yu Cheng | 2004 | IEEE Transactions on Communications2004，52，： | 1 |
| 11 | Application of flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) in personal computer motherboards: Focusing on mechanical performance 显示文摘 | LEONG W ABDULLAH M KHOR C | 2012 | Microelectronics Reliability2012，52，4： | 1 |
| 12 | 查看详情显示文摘 | Leong W L Mathews N Tan B Vaidyanathan S Dotz F Mhaisalkar S | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 13 | Gaussian random number generators显示文摘 | Thomas D B Luk W Leong P H W etal | 2007 | ACM Computing Surveys2007，39，4： | 1 |
| 14 | Physiological properties of fresh-cut watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) in response to 1- methylcyclopropene and post-processing calcium application显示文摘 | MAO Linchun LEONG J W QUE Fei | 2006 | Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture2006，86，1： | 1 |
| 15 | A new two-step gradient method for large-scale unconstrained optimization显示文摘 | Farid M Leong W J Hassan M A | 2010 | Computers and Mathematics with Applications2010，22，9： | 1 |
| 16 | Receptor- Mediated Self - Assembly of Multi - Component Magnetic Nanowires显示文摘 | Salem A K Chao J Leong K W Searson P C | 2004 | Advanced Materials2004，16，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Measuring the Transaction Sector in the Australian Economy : 1911--1991 显示文摘 | Dollery B Leong W H | 1998 | Australian Economic History Review1998，38，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Full bandwaveguide-to- microstrip probe transitions显示文摘 | LEONG Y C SANDER W | 1999 | IEEE MTT-S1999，4，： | 1 |
| 19 | Comput显示文摘 | Leong P M Morgenthaler S Random W | 1995 | Applic1995，102，12： | 1 |
| 20 | Comparison of the Mechanical Properties and Interracial Interactions Between Talc, Kaolin, and Calcium Carbonate Filled Polypropylene Composites显示文摘 | Leong Y W Bakar M B Mohd Z A | 2004 | Journal of Applied Polymer Science2004，91，5： | 1 |
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