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| 1 | Hepatitis B vaccine by intradermal route in non responder patients:An update显示文摘Vaccination is the main prophylactic measure to reduce the mortality caused by hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection in healthy subjects since the immune response to hepatitis B recombinant vaccination occurs in over 90%of general population.Individuals who develop an antiHBs titer less than 10 mIU/mL after primary vaccination cycle are defined'no responders'.Many factors could cause a non response to the HBV vaccination,such as administration of the vaccine in buttocks,impaired vaccine storage conditions,drug abuse,smoking,infections and obesity.Moreover there are some diseases,like chronic kidney disease,human immunodeficiency virus infection,chronic liver disease,celiac disease,thalassaemia,typeⅠdiabetes mellitus,down’s syndrome and other forms of mental retardation that are characterized by a poorer response to HBV vaccination than healthy subjects.To date it is still unclear how to treat this group of patients at high risk of hepatitis B infection.Recent studies seem to indicate that the administration of HBV recombinant vaccine by the intradermal route is very effective and could represent a more useful strategy than intramuscular route.This review focuses on the use of anti hepatitis B vaccine by intradermal route as alternative to conventional intramuscular vaccine in all non responder patients.A comprehensive review of the literature using PubMed database,with appropriate terms,was undertaken for articles in English published since 1983.The literature search was undertaken in September 2013. | Martina Filippelli Elena Lionetti Alessia Gennaro Angela Lanzafame Teresa Arrigo Carmelo Salpietro Mario La Rosa Salvatore Leonardi | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，30： | 12 |
| 2 | New perspectives for articular cartilage repair treatment through tissue engineering: A contemporary review显示文摘In this paper review we describe benefits and disadvantages of the established methods of cartilage regeneration that seem to have a better long-term effectiveness.We illustrated the anatomical aspect of the knee joint cartilage, the current state of cartilage tissue engineering, through mesenchymal stem cells and biomaterials,and in conclusion we provide a short overview on the rehabilitation after articular cartilage repair procedures.Adult articular cartilage has low capacity to repair itself,and thus even minor injuries may lead to progressive damage and osteoarthritic joint degeneration, result-ing in significant pain and disability. Numerous efforts have been made to develop tissue-engineered grafts or patches to repair focal chondral and osteochondral defects, and to date several researchers aim to implement clinical application of cell-based therapies for cartilage repair. A literature review was conducted on PubM ed, Scopus and Google Scholar using appropriate keywords, examining the current literature on the wellknown tissue engineering methods for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. | Giuseppe Musumeci Paola Castrogiovanni Rosalia Leonardi Francesca Maria Trovato Marta Anna Szychlinska Angelo Di Giunta Carla Loreto Sergio Castorina | 2014 | World Journal of Orthopedics2014，5，2： | 10 |
| 3 | Sexual outcomes after partial penectomy for penile cancer: results from a multi-institutional study显示文摘阴茎癌症是不平常的恶意。外科的治疗不可避免地正在支解。就 patients’ 上的强壮的影响而言;我们想要在部分 penectomy 以后评估性功能和满足的性生活。在这的病人学习(n = 25 ) 代表了从 2011 年 10 月为阴茎癌症出席了我们的机构并且被诊断并且对待到 2013 年 11 月的所有那些。所有病人经历了部分 penectomy 并且跟随起来(平均数:14 个月;变化:12-25 ) 。性 presurgical 基线用可勃起的机能障碍 15 的国际索引(IIEF-15 ) 被估计。每个病人的性结果被估计考虑四标准化了并且验证问询表。我们包括可勃起的功能分析了 IIEF-15 的工具和范围(IIEF-1-5 和 -15), 高潮的功能(IIEF-9 和 -10), 性欲望(IIEF-11 和 -12), 交际满足(IIEF-6-8 ) ,和全面满足(IIEF-13 和 -14) 。然后,我们也使用了勃起问询表(QEQ ) 的质量,治疗满足的可勃起的机能障碍库存(编辑) 并且自尊和关系(灼烧) 评估我们的病人的性功能和满足。最后的结果证明阴茎癌症导致几性并且 psychosexual 机能障碍。不过,为阴茎癌症经历部分 penectomy 的病人能在对在外科前在经期存在的那些稍微更低的层次维持性结果。 | Salvatore Sansalone Mauro Silvani Rosario Leonardi Giuseppe Vespasiani Valerio Iacovelli | 2017 | Asian Journal of Andrology2017，19，1： | 6 |
| 4 | Sensor Deployment and Relocation:A Unified Scheme显示文摘传感器网络被想象由无所不在地监视我们的环境或调整它适合我们的需要革命化我们的日常生活。在机器人学和低力量的嵌入系统的最近的进步使把活动性加到在队或群要过去常的小、轻、便宜传感器可能。与移动式节点扩充静态的传感器网络探讨在传统的静态的传感器网络存在的许多设计挑战。这篇论文在活动无线网络处理拓扑学控制的问题。在通讯,计算和精力能力的限制向分布式的、精力有效的答案的采纳推执行节点的自我推广和重定位。我们开发有下列特征的一个统一、分布式的算法。在推广期间,我们的算法与给定的节点密度产出地理区域的一个常规镶嵌细工,监视配置叫。在物理现象的出现之上,网络节点重定位自己以便适当地取样并且控制事件,当维持网络连接时。然后,一旦事件结束,所有节点回到监视配置。达到这些目标,我们使用证明甚至当时,很有效的虚拟基于力量的策略与一个最佳的集中的答案相比。我们与不同形状面对事件估计我们的途径的表演,并且我们调查我们的算法的瞬态特性。这允许我们在各种各样的环境条件下面评估有效性和建议答案的响应时间。 | Michele Garetto Marco Gribaudo Carla-Fabiana Chiasserini Emilio Leonardi | 2008 | Journal of Computer Science & Technology2008，23，3： | 6 |
| 5 | palliative care and end-stage colorectal cancer management:The surgeon meets the oncologist显示文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a common neoplasia in the Western countries,with considerable morbidity and mortality.Every fifth patient with CRC presents with metastatic disease,which is not curable with radical intent in roughly 80%of cases.Traditionally approached surgically,by resection of the primitive tumor or stoma,the management to incurable stageⅣCRC patients has significantly changed over the last three decades and is nowadays multidisciplinary,with a pivotal role played by chemotherapy(CHT).This latter have allowed for a dramatic increase in survival,whereas the role of colonic and liver surgery is nowadays matter of debate.Although any generalization is difficult,two main situations are considered,asymptomatic(or minimally symptomatic)and severely symptomatic patients needing aggressive management,including emergency cases.In asymptomatic patients,new CHT regimens allow today long survival in selected patients,also exceeding two years.The role of colonic resection in this group has been challenged in recent years,as it is not clear whether the resection of primary CRC may imply a further increase in survival,thus justifying surgeryrelated morbidity/mortality in such a class of shortliving patients.Secondary surgery of liver metastasis is gaining acceptance since,under new generation CHT regimens,an increasing amount of patients with distant metastasis initially considered non resectable become resectable,with a significant increase in long term survival.The management of CRC emergency patients still represents a major issue in Western countries,and is associated to high morbidity/mortality.Obstruction is traditionally approached surgically by colonic resection,stoma or internal by-pass,although nowadays CRC stenting is a feasible option.Nevertheless,CRC stent has peculiar contraindications and complications,and its long-term cost-effectiveness is questionable,especially in the light of recently increased survival.Perforation is associated with the highest mortality and remains mostly matter for surgeons,by abdominal lavage/drainage,colonic resection and/or stoma.Bleeding and other CRC-related symptoms(pain,tenesmus,etc.)may be managed by several mini-invasive approaches,including radiotherapy,laser therapy and other transanal procedures. | Renato Costi Francesco Leonardi Daniele Zanoni Vincenzo Violi Luigi Roncoroni | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，24： | 6 |
| 6 | Immune response to hepatitis B virus vaccine in celiac subjects at diagnosis显示文摘AIM To evaluate hepatitis B virus(HBV) vaccine response and correlation with human leukocyte antigens(HLA) and/or gluten intake in celiac patients at diagnosis.METHODS Fifty-one patients affected by celiac disease, diagnosed at the Department of Pediatrics of the University of Catania(Italy), were recruited. All patients were tested at admission for immunization against HBV, according to findings from analysis of quantitative HBV surface antibody(anti-HBs). The anti-HBs titer was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Following the international standards, subjects with antibody titer < 10 IU/L were defined as non-responders. The prevalence of responders and non-responders among celiac subjects and the distribution of immunization for age were examined. In addition, the prevalence of responders and non-responders was assessed for correlation to HLA and clinical features at diagnosis of celiac disease.RESULTS The entire study population was divided into three groups according to age: 24 patients aged between 0to 5.5 years(48.9%, group A); 16 aged between 5.5 and 9.5 years(30.61%, group B); 9 aged between 9.5 and 17 years(18.75%, group C). Comparison of the percentage of responders and non-responders between the youngest and the oldest age group showed no significant difference between the two groups(P > 0.05). With regard to the HLA haplotype, comparison of the distribution of vaccination response showed no statistically significant difference between the different genotypes(homozygosity for the HLADQ2 haplotype compared with HLADQ2/DQ8 heterozygosity or other haplotypes; P > 0.05). Moreover, distribution of the responders according to clinical features of celiac disease showed no statistically significant differences(P > 0.05).CONCLUSION This prospective study confirmed the lower percentage of response to HBV vaccine in celiac subjects. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear and further studies are needed. | Martina Filippelli Maria Teresa Garozzo Antonino Capizzi Massimo Spina Sara Manti Lucia Tardino Carmelo Salpietro Salvatore Leonardi | 2016 | World Journal of Hepatology2016，8，26： | 5 |
| 7 | Recently highlighted nutraceuticals for preventive management of osteoarthritis显示文摘Osteoarthritis(OA) is a chronic degenerative disease of articular cartilage with limited treatment options. This reality encourages clinicians to suggest preventive measures to delay and contain the outbreak of the pathological conditions. Articular cartilage and synovium suffering from OA are characterised by an inflammatory state and by significant oxidative stress,responsible for pain,swelling and loss of mobility in the advanced stages. This review will focus on the ability of olive oil to exert positive effects on the entire joint to reduce pro-inflammatory cytokine release and increase lubricin synthesis,olive leaf extract,since it maintains lubrication by stimulating high molecular weight hyaluronan synthesis in synovial cells,curcumin,which delays the start of pathological cartilage breakdown,sanguinarine,which downregulates catabolic proteases,vitamin D for its capacity to influence the oxidative and proinflammatory environment,and carnosic acid as an inducer of heme oxygenase-1,which helps preserve cartilage degeneration. These molecules,considered as natural dietary supplements,appear like a cuttingedge answer to this tough health problem,playing a major role in controlling homeostatic balance loss and slowing down the pathology progression. Natural or food-derived molecules that are able to exert potential therapeutic effects are known as 'nutraceutical',resulting from the combination of the words 'nutrition' and 'pharmaceutical'. These compounds have gained popularity due to their easy availability,which represents a huge advantage for food and pharmaceutical industries. In addition,the chronic nature of OA implies the use of pharmacological compounds with proven longterm safety,especially because current treatments like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and analgesicsimprove pain relief but have no effect on degenerative progression and can also cause serious side effects. | Silvia Ravalli Marta Anna Szychlinska Rosalia Maria Leonardi Giuseppe Musumeci | 2018 | World Journal of Orthopedics2018，9，11： | 5 |
| 8 | Helicobacter pylori infection and atopic diseases:Is there a relationship? A systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘AIM:To review and conduct a meta-analysis of the existing literature on the relationship between Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori),atopy and allergic diseases.METHODS:Studies published in English assessing the prevalence of atopy and/or allergic diseases in patients with H.pylori infection and the prevalence of H.pylori infection in patients with atopy and/or allergic diseases were identified through a MEDLINE search(1950-2014).Random-effect model was used for the meta-analysis.RESULTS:Pooled results of case-control studies showed a significant inverse association of H.pylori infection with atopy/allergic disease or with exclusively atopy,but not with allergic disease,whereas pooled results of cross-sectional studies showed only a significant association between allergic disease and H.pylori infection.CONCLUSION:There is some evidence of an inverse association between atopy/allergic diseases and H.pylori infection,although further studied are needed. | Elena Lionetti Salvatore Leonardi Angela Lanzafame Maria Teresa Garozzo Martina Filippelli Stefania Tomarchio Viviana Ferrara Carmelo Salpietro Alfredo Pulvirenti Ruggiero Francavilla Carlo Catassi | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，46： | 3 |
| 9 | Hepatitis B vaccine in celiac disease:Yesterday,today and tomorrow显示文摘Some studies showed that in celiac patients the immunological response to vaccination is similar to that one found in general population except for vaccine against hepatitis B virus (HBV).The non-responsiveness to HBV vaccine has also been described in healthy people,nevertheless the number of non-responders has been demonstrated to be higher in celiac disease (CD) patients than in healthy controls.Several hypothesis explaining this higher rate of unresponsiveness to HBV vaccine in CD patients have been described,such as the genetic hypothesis,according with CD patients carrying the disease-specific haplotype HLA-B8,DR3,and DQ2,show a lower response to HBV vaccine both in clinical expressed CD patients and in healthy people carrying the same haplotype.On the other hand,it has been demonstrated that the gluten intake during the vaccination seems to influence the response to the same vaccine.Moreover,it has been demonstrated a possible genetic predisposition to hepatitis B vaccine nonresponsiveness likely due to the presence of specific human leukocyte antigen haplotypes and specific single nucleotide polymorphism in genes of cytokine/cytokinereceptors and toll like receptors,but the pathogenic mechanism responsible for this low responsiveness still remains unclear.The aim of this review is to focus on the possible pathogenic causes of unresponsiveness to HBV vaccine in CD patients and to propose an alternative vaccination schedule in order to improve the responsiveness to HBV vaccine in this at-risk patients. | Giovanna Vitaliti Andrea Domenico Praticò Carla Cimino Giovanna Di Dio Elena Lionetti Mario La Rosa Salvatore Leonardi | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，6： | 3 |
| 10 | KAGRA引力波探测器中蓝宝石测试镜光学性质研究显示文摘低温制冷技术是下一代激光干涉仪引力波探测器的核心技术之一.日本引力波探测器KAGRA(Kamioka Gravitational Wave Detector)作为该技术的前沿开拓者,将运行在20 K的超低温环境中,并使用在低温下热噪声较低的单晶蓝宝石晶体作为测试镜.然而,高质量大尺寸低吸收率的蓝宝石晶体极难制备.此外,由于蓝宝石晶体存在晶格结构不均匀,很容易导致不必要的双折射效应,从而影响探测器的目标灵敏度.基于上述问题,开发了两套大尺寸光学测量系统,首次系统研究了KAGRA低温蓝宝石测试镜的光学特性.首先,根据探测器对测试镜热噪声的要求,开发了一套基于光热共光路干涉技术的光学测量系统,该系统可对测试镜以及测试镜表面涂层的光学吸收进行有效的表征.其次,基于光学吸收测量系统,开发了一套双折射效应测量系统,该系统可以有效表征测试镜中双折射的均匀性.目前两套测量系统的搭建与调试已完成,对蓝宝石测试镜光学吸收的测量灵敏度达到了1.5 ppm/cm,双折射测量系统的空间分辨率小于0.3 mm×0.3 mm.该工作对降低大尺寸低温测试镜双折射效应及提高探测器灵敏度具有重要意义. | 李鹏博 ZEIDLER Simon LEONARDI Matteo 王浩宇 朱宗宏 | 2021 | 天文学报2021，62，6： | 3 |
| 11 | The tumor microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma (Review)显示文摘 | Giulia Leonardi Saverio Candido Melchiorre Cervello Daria Nicolosi Fabio Raiti Salvatore Travali Demetrios Spandidos Massimo Libra | 2012 | International Journal of Oncology2012，，6： | 3 |
| 12 | Intestinal pseudo-obstruction in inactive systemic lupus erythematosus: An unusual finding显示文摘Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIP) is an infre-quent complication of an active systemic lupus erythema-tosus (SLE). We illustrate a case of SLE inactive-related CIP. A 51-year old female with inactive SLE (ECLAM score 2) was hospitalized with postprandial fullness, vomiting, abdominal bloating and abdominal pain. She had had no bowel movements for five days. Plain abdominal X-ray revealed multiple fluid levels and dilated small and large bowel loops with air-fluid levels. Intestinal contrast radiology detected dilated loops. CIP was diagnosed. The patient was treated with prokinetics, octreotide, claritromycin, rifaximin, azathioprine and tegaserod without any clinical improvement. Then methylprednisolone (500 mg iv daily) was started. After the first administration, the patient showed peristaltic movements. A bowel movement was reported after the second administration. A plain abdominal X-ray revealed no air-fluid levels. Steroid therapy was slowly reduced with complete resolution of the symptoms. The patient is still in a good clinical condition. SLE-related CIP is generally reported as a complication of an active disease. In our case, CIP was the only clinical demonstration of the SLE. | Giulia Leonardi Nicola de Bortoli Massimo Bellini Maria Gloria Mumolo Francesco Costa Angelo Ricchiuti Stefano Bombardieri Santino Marchi | 2010 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics2010，1，6： | 3 |
| 13 | Deciphering the dual role and prognostic potential of PINK1 across cancer types显示文摘Metabolic rewiring and deregulation of the cell cycle are hallmarks shared by many cancers.Concerted mutations in key tumor suppressor genes,such as PTEN,and oncogenes predispose cancer cells for marked utilization of resources to fuel accelerated cell proliferation and chemotherapeutic resistance.Mounting research has demonstrated that PTEN-induced putative kinase 1(PINK1)acts as a pivotal regulator of mitochondrial homeostasis in several cancer types,a function that also extends to the regulation of tumor cell proliferative capacity.In addition,involvement of PINK1 in modulating inflammatory responses has been highlighted by recent studies,further expounding PINK1’s multifunctional nature.This review discusses the oncogenic roles of PINK1 in multiple tumor cell types,with an emphasis on maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis,while also evaluating literature suggesting a dual oncolytic mechanism based on PINK1’s modulation of the Warburg effect.From a clinical standpoint,its expression may also dictate the response to genotoxic stressors commonly used to treat multiple malignancies.By detailing the evidence suggesting that PINK1 possesses distinct prognostic value in the clinical setting and reviewing the duality of PINK1 function in a context-dependent manner,we present avenues for future studies of this dynamic protein. | Katherine Dai Daniel P.Radin Donna Leonardi | 2021 | Neural Regeneration Research2021，16，4： | 3 |
| 14 | Role of the diet as a link between oxidative stress and liver diseases显示文摘Oxidative stress is caused by an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen(free radicals) and the body's ability(antioxidant capacity) to readily detoxify the reactive intermediates or easily repair the resulting damage. An adequate diet, characterized by daily intake of foods associated with improvementsin the total antioxidant capacity of individuals and reduced incidence of diseases related to oxidation, can modulate the degree of oxidative stress. In fact, dietderived micronutrients may be direct antioxidants, or are components of antioxidant enzymes, leading to improvement of some indicators of hepatic function. However, although their increased dietary intake might be beneficial, literature data are still controversial. This review summarizes what is known about the effects of diet nutrients on oxidative stress, inflammation and liver function. Moreover, we have analyzed:(1) the main nutritional components involved in the production and/or removal of free radicals; and(2) the role of free radicals in the pathogenesis of several hepatic diseases and related comorbidities. | Teresa Arrigo Salvatore Leonardi Caterina Cuppari Sara Manti Angela Lanzafame Gabriella D'Angelo Eloisa Gitto Lucia Marseglia Carmelo Salpietro | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，2： | 2 |
| 15 | Treatment of herniated lumbar disc by intradiscal and intraforaminal oxygen-ozone (O 2 -O 3 ) injection显示文摘 | M. Muto C. Andreula M. Leonardi | 2004 | Journal of Neuroradiology2004，，3： | 2 |
| 16 | Biliary tract reconstruction using jejunal tube:an experimental study in dogs显示文摘BACKGROUND:To physiologically reconstruct the biliary tract,Crema et al suggested the application of the Monti principle to the biliary tract,already used in humans for the urinary tract.With this technique,a jejunal segment is transversely retubularized.This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of jejunal tube interposition between the common bile duct and duodenum in dogs.METHODS:Thirteen dogs underwent a laparoscopic common bile duct ligature,followed by a biliodigestive connection by jejunal tube interposition after one week.The levels of glutamic-pyruvic and glutamic-oxalacetic transaminases,total bilirubins,alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyltransferase were assessed before surgery and thereafter weekly until euthanasia,which was performed 6 weeks after biliodigestive connection.RESULTS:Data on 9 dogs were analyzed statistically.The dogs presented with obstructive jaundice after common bile duct ligature,as confirmed by biochemical examination.They showed a statistically significant reduction in cholestasis after biliodigestive connection by jejunal tube interposition and were healthy until the end of the experiment.CONCLUSION:A statistically significant reduction was seen in total bilirubin and canalicular enzymes(alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyltransferase)in the 9 dogs 6 weeks after biliodigestive connetion by jejunal tube interposition. | Eliane Anrain Trentini Eduardo Crema Juan Carlos Llanos Mauro Masson Lerco Luiz Alberto Magna Luiz Sergio Leonardi | 2009 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2009，8，2： | 2 |
| 17 | Intramuscular vs intradermal route for hepatitis B booster vaccine in celiac children显示文摘AIM:To compare intradermal(ID) and intramuscular(IM) booster doses,which have been used in healthy and high risk subjects,such as healthcare workers,haemodialysis patients,human immunodeficiency virus patients,and renal transplant recipients unresponsive to initial hepatitis B vaccination,in celiac individuals.METHODS:We conducted our study on 58 celiac patients,vaccinated in the first year of life,whose blood analysis had showed the absence of protective hepatitis B virus(HBV) antibodies.All patients had received the last vaccine injection at least one year before study enrolment and they had been on a gluten free diet for at least 1 year.In all patients we randomly performed an HBV vaccine booster dose by ID or IM route.Thirty celiac patients were revaccinated with recombinant hepatitis B vaccine(Engerix B) 2 g by the ID route,while 28 celiac patients were revaccinated with Engerix B 10 g by the IM route.Four weeks after every booster dose,the anti-hepatitis B surface(HBs) antibody titer was measured by an enzyme-linked immuneadsorbent assay.We performed a maximum of three booster doses in patients with no anti-HBs antibodies after the first or the second vaccine dose.The cut off value for a negative anti-HBs antibody titer was 10 IU/L.Patients with values between 10 and 100 IU/L were considered 'low responders' while patients with an antibody titer higher than 1000 IU/L were considered 'high responders'.RESULTS:No significant difference in age,gender,duration of illness,and years of gluten intake was found between the two groups.We found a high percentage of 'responders' after the first booster dose(ID = 76.7%,IM = 78.6%) and a greater increase after the third dose(ID = 90%,IM = 96.4%) of vaccine in both groups.Moreover we found a significantly higher number of high responders(with an anti-HBs antibody titer > 1000 IU/L) in the ID(40%) than in the IM(7.1%) group,and this difference was evident after the first booster dose of vaccination(P < 0.01).No side effects were recorded in performing delivery of the vaccine by either the ID or IM route.CONCLUSION:Our study suggests that both ID and IM routes are effective and safe options to administer a booster dose of HBV vaccine in celiac patients.However the ID route seems to achieve a greater number of high responders and to have a better cost/benefit ratio. | Salvatore Leonardi Andrea Domenico Praticò Elena Lionetti Massimo Spina Giovanna Vitaliti Mario La Rosa | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，40： | 2 |
| 18 | The treatment of stable and unstable proximal femoral fractures with a new trochanteric nail: results of a multicentre study with the Veronail显示文摘 | Franco Lavini L. Renzi-Brivio R. Aulisa F. Cherubino P. L. Seglio N. Galante W. Leonardi M. Manca | 2008 | Strategies in Trauma and Limb Reconstruction2008，，1： | 2 |
| 19 | Three-dimensional modelling of tunnel excavation and lining显示文摘 | G Galli A Grimaldi A Leonardi | 2004 | Computers and Geotechnics2004，，3： | 2 |
| 20 | 406例春季角结膜炎患者人口统计学及流行病学研究显示文摘Purpose:To evaluate the specific allergic sensitization and epidemiological characteristics of vernal keratoconjunctivitis(VKC).Methods:This retrospective non-comparative case series included 406 VKC patients.Data included patient and family histories,and results of allergic tests.Annual incidence and prevalence rates were calculated for a cohort of 128 VKC patients from the greater Padua area.Results:The great majority of VKC patients were male(76%),with a male:female ratio of 3.3:1.A skin prick test,specific serum IgE or conjunctival challenge was positive in 43%,56% and 58% of patients,respectively.In the cohort of patients from the Padua area,the prevalence of the disease was 7.8/100 000,with a higher rate in young males(57/100 000)compared with young females(22/100 000),and lower rates in people over 16 years of age(3.8/100 000 in males,1/100 000 in females).The incidence of VKC was 1/100 000,with a higher rate in males under 16 years of age(10/100 000)compared with females(4.2/100 000).In people over 16 years of age,the incidence of the disease was 0.06/100 000,with no difference between males and females.Conclusion:An IgE-mediated sensitization was found in only half of the VKC patients.Vernal keratoconjunctivitis is not a rare event in the paediatric population but is an extremely rare new disease in adults. | Leonardi A. Busca F. Motterle L. 宋虎平(译) | 2006 | 世界核心医学期刊文摘(眼科学分册)2006，2，9： | 2 |
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