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| 1 | Coral reefs in the South China Sea:Their response to and records on past environmental changes显示文摘This paper reviews both the recent and longer-term(Holocene) ecological history of coral reefs in the South China Sea(SCS).(1) Local ecological monitoring since the 1960s shows that the coral reefs in the South China Sea have declined dramatically,reflecting the rapid decrease of living coral cover and the great loss of symbiotic zooxanthellae.Collectively,this has led to a significant decrease of annual CaCO3 production.Heavy anthropogenic activities and global warming are recognized as major triggers of the observed coral reef degradation.Observations show that the modern coral reefs in the SCS are a source of at-mospheric CO2 in summer.(2) Coral reefs of the SCS have been widely used to reveal longer-term environmental variations,including Holocene high-resolution sea surface temperature(SST) and abrupt climate events,millennial-scale El Nio varia-tions,millennial-and centennial-scale sea level oscillations,strong and cyclic storm activities,East Asian monsoon intensities,variation in seawater pH,and recent seawater pollution.(3) Coral reefs of the southern SCS have experienced repeated epi-sodes of bleaching over the last 200 years due to high SST and intense El Ni o events;coral reefs of the northern SCS suffered high levels of mortality during several abrupt winter cold-water bleaching events during the middle Holocene warm period.On average,recovery after the middle Holocene cold-bleaching took 20-30 years;recovery following other middle Holocene en-vironmental stresses took approximately 10-20 years.Such findings have significantly contributed to the understanding of the present ecological pressures faced by the coral reefs in the SCS,the histories of Holocene climate/environment changes,and the long-term models of coral reef responses to various past environmental changes. | YU KeFu | 2012 | Science China Earth Sciences2012，55，8： | 41 |
| 2 | Twenty-five years of change in scleractinian coral communities of Daya Bay (northern South China Sea) and its response to the 2008 AD extreme cold climate event显示文摘世界范围的珊瑚礁石逐渐地正在变得并且有害地影响在之上由包括的许多因素,重要气候变化,例如全球温暖和增加的 El Nino 南部的摆动活动。通常,珊瑚礁石的坚持,在特别低纬度,部分地,海运被管理不超过集体死亡能在发生的批评限制(∼30 ° C ) 的表面温度。因此,它被想珊瑚那生活在高纬度(即,当前更凉爽的海表面温度) 将多半比珊瑚生活在对假设未来温度增加更有利作出回应低纬度(即,当前更温暖的海表面温度) 。因而,高纬度的珊瑚社区可以有潜力在面临潜在的未来时为许多珊瑚种类充当 refugia 的区域全球温暖。Daya 海湾(22 ° 3 1 ′22 ° 5 0 ′N ) ,北华南海,包含几个高纬度的 non-reefal 珊瑚社区并且在这个区域以内代表 scleractinian 珊瑚的最在北方的分布之一。显著地, Daya 海湾经历了在整个过去的 50 年的在空和海表面温度中的戏剧的温暖。在这篇论文,我们在 Daya 海湾珊瑚社区分析 25 年变化,把两个基于历史性的调查并且我们的最近 2006 2008 地区性的生态的调查。我们的结果建议与预言相反,在过去的 25 年期间在在 Daya 海湾以内的珊瑚盖子有重要衰落(即,在到在 2008 的 15.3% 仅仅珊瑚盖子的 1983/1984 的 76.6% 珊瑚盖子) 。如此的变化也在最丰富的珊瑚种类反映重要移动,从 Acropora pruinosa 到 Favites abdita。大多数现代珊瑚社区变得以前在 15 和 30 年之间建立了,相应于增加的冬季海表面温度的一个时期。然而,很少的殖民地变得在最后 15 年以内建立了,尽管有温暖的一个更强烈的时期。由考虑另外的因素,我们假设那直接人为的影响,而非气候的事件,限制了发展,并且驾驶了衰落,最后 15 年里的 Daya 海湾珊瑚社区。Daya 海湾也在过去的 50 年期间受到了偶尔的极端冷事件,与最近的发生在 2008 年初(13 年 1 月 13 日 2 月) 。在 2008 冷事件期间,最低空气温度到达仅仅 6.6 ° C,和吝啬的海表面温度 2 月秋天,包括在 12.3 ° C 的六连续的天 < 14 ° C。显著地,海表面温度在通常在 scleractinian 珊瑚社区导致集体死亡的假设批评更低的温度阀值(∼13 ° C ) 下面掉落。令人惊讶地,我们的珊瑚社区调查,以前进行了两个(2007 年 8 月) 并且在以后(2008 年 2 月下旬) 极端 2008 冷事件,证明 Daya 海湾珊瑚生态系统恰好被影响在之上在冷时期期间。那些观察建议 Daya 海湾 scleractinian 珊瑚社区开发了改编到低海表面温度。总的来说,我们的数据支持高纬度的珊瑚社区例如 Daya 海湾,有的假设在潜在的未来的来临为 scleractinian 珊瑚充当 refugia 的区域的潜力全球温暖。 | CHEN TianRan YU KeFu SHI Qi LI Shu Gilbert J. Price WANG Rong ZHAO MeiXia CHEN TeGu ZHAO JianXin | 2009 | Chinese Science Bulletin2009，54，12： | 22 |
| 3 | Assessment of coral bleaching using symbiotic zooxanthellae density and satellite remote sensing data in the Nansha Islands,South China Sea显示文摘Coral bleaching,characterized by a significant loss of symbiotic zooxanthellae,is the primary cause of mass coral mortality and reef degradation throughout the world.The characteristics,processes,and resistance of corals to bleaching varies significantly and is dependent on environmental conditions.We documented a mass coral bleaching event in June 2007 at the Meiji and Zhubi Reefs,Nansha Islands (NS),South China Sea using ecological surveys and measurement of coral zooxanthellae density and sea surface temperatures (SST).More than 35 species of corals (between 0-20 m in depth) were bleached.These bleached corals accounted for 15.6% of total corals in the investigated quadrats.The branching corals Pocillopora and Acropora were the most vulnerable species whereas the massive corals Porites and Favia were more tolerant of the high SSTs.Surprisingly,we found no evidence of bleaching in Agariciidae corals suggesting that this family is resistant to thermal stresses.The bleached corals had lost 72%-90% of their symbiotic zooxanthellae.Furthermore,corals that had no visual signs of bleaching had also lost 31%-53% of their zooxanthellae suggesting that most corals were experiencing the early stage of bleaching.The monthly mean SST during June 2007 was 30.8°C,the highest since 1998.Based on measurements of SST and the Hotspots and DHW data (NOAA),we conclude that it the extremely high SSTs triggered this coral bleaching event.Our results suggest that the previously accepted temperature thresholds used to predict coral bleaching based on satellite data are likely to underestimate the extent and intensity of coral bleaching,at least in the NS. | LI Shu,YU KeFu,CHEN TianRan,SHI Qi & ZHANG HuiLing CAS Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology,South China Sea Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510301,China | 2011 | Chinese Science Bulletin2011，56，10： | 15 |
| 4 | Interspecies and spatial diversity in the symbiotic zooxanthellae density in corals from northern South China Sea and its relationship to coral reef bleaching显示文摘珊瑚礁石漂白被共生 zooxanthellae, zooxanthellae 色素沉着的损失,或两个的逐出通常描绘。我们收集了分别地,在海南岛的 Sanya 和广东省的 Daya 海湾从 Luhuitou 和 Xiaodonghai 包括礁石大楼珊瑚的 21 个类的 39 种类的 128 件样品并且分析了共生 zooxanthellae 人口密度。结果显示出那:( 1 )共生 zooxanthella 密度从 0.67x10 ( 6 )变化,显示 8.48x10 ( 6 )房间/厘米( 2 )重要内部种可变性,与通常相对有更少的 zooxanthellae 的分支珊瑚(从 0.67x10 ( 6 ) 到 2.47x10 ( 6 )房间/厘米( 2 ))比巨大的种类(从 1.0x10 ( 6 )到 8.48x10 ( 6 )房间/厘米( 2 ));(2 ) 在 4 m 水深度以内住在的珊瑚比那些生活在底部有共生 zooxanthellae 的高水平(类似于 7 m 深度) 礁石区域;(3 ) 在在从相对高的纬度 Daya 海湾的珊瑚之间的 zooxanthellae 密度没有可辨别的差别(类似于 22 度 N ) 并且那些从相对低的纬度 Sanya (类似于 18 度 N ) 在可比较的海表面温度(SST ) ;(4 ) 在里面部分 -- 漂白珊瑚, zooxanthellae 的密度显示出下列顺序:看似健康的部分 > 漂白半的部分 > 漂白部分。基于上述结果,我们建议(1 ) 分叉之间的 zooxanthellae 密度差别和巨大的珊瑚种类是分叉的珊瑚对比巨大的珊瑚漂白更脆弱的主要原因。例如,共生 zooxanthellae 层次在分叉的 Acropora 和 Pocillopora 珊瑚并且这样是低的这些珊瑚更产生漂白和死亡;(2 ) 共生 zooxanthellae 密度能被环境条件也影响,例如沉积负担,潜水相关的混浊,和水产业相关的硝酸盐和磷酸盐输入,并且他们的增加可以在珊瑚减少共生 zooxanthellae 密度。 | LI Shu YU KeFu SHI Qi CHEN TianRan ZHAO MeiXia ZHAO JianXin | 2008 | Chinese Science Bulletin2008，53，2： | 12 |
| 5 | The high-resolution climate recorded in the δ^(18)O of Porites lutea from the Nansha Islands of China显示文摘A Porites lutea core from Yongshu Reef of Nansha Islands covering 50 years growth history was ana-ly/ed for oxygen isotopic composition with monthly and seasonally resolution. The calibration of the δ18O with the instrumental temperature indicated that the coral δ18O is a good indicator for sea surface temperature (SST) and air temperature (t). It can be used to reconstruct the SST and air temperature of the Yongshu Reef sea area. In addition, the coral δ18O provides signatures for the intensity of the East Asia monsoon and it is a record for the activities of El Nino events. With the calibrated SST and air temperature formulas, the most recent fifty years SST and air temperature were reconstructed based on the coral δ18O, thus back up the understanding of the climate of Nansha Islands to 1950. far beyond the limit of the instrumental recording since September 1988. It was found that, in general, increasing 1℃ air temperature results in 0.24‰decrease in skeletal δ18O. | YU Kefu, CHEN Tegu, HUANG Dingcheng, ZHAO Huanting, ZHONG Jinliang & LIU Dongsheng (LIU Tungsheng)South China Sea Institute of Oceanoiogy, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Guangzhou 510301, China:Geology and Geophysics Institute. Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China | 2001 | Chinese Science Bulletin2001，46，24： | 10 |
| 6 | Estimate of carbonate production by scleractinian corals at Luhuitou fringing reef,Sanya,China显示文摘Carbonate production by scleractinian corals not only maintains coral reef growth, but also represents an important source of atmospheric carbon dioxide. In this paper the carbonate production by scler-actinian corals at Luhuitou fringing reef, Sanya, Hainan Island, China, is investigated with an ecological census-based method. Averaged carbonate production is 1.16 ± 0.55 kg·m-2·a-1 and 3.52 ± 1.32 kg·m-2·a-1 on the reef flat and reef slope, respectively, depending on the composition and distribution of corals and the intergeneric difference of skeletal growth. In response to the rapidly increasing human impacts, coral carbonate production has decreased by 80%―89% at this fringing reef since the 1960s; as a result, the reef accretion rate declined and became lower than the rate of sea level rise. Further development of the Luhuitou fringing reef will switch significantly from lateral extension sea-wards to vertical growth, reflecting a response of coral reef biogeomorphic process to strong human impacts under the background of global sea level rise. In addition, decrease in coral carbonate production reduced CO2 release from this fringing reef. In the future, it is likely that the role played by coral reefs, especially of fringing reefs, in the ocean and even in the global carbon cycle will be modified or weakened by the increasing human impacts. | SHI Qi ZHAO MeiXia ZHANG QiaoMin YU KeFu CHEN TianRan LI Shu WANG HanKui | 2009 | Chinese Science Bulletin2009，54，4： | 7 |
| 7 | Coral reef ecosystems in the South China Sea as a source of atmospheric CO_2 in summer显示文摘由空至海的 CO2 的领域大小在华南海的三个珊瑚礁石区域交换(即 Nansha 岛的 Yongshu 礁石环礁,南部的华南海(SCS ) ;Xisha 岛的 Yongxing 岛,北方中央的 SCS;并且在海南岛的 Sanya 的 Luhuitou Fringing 礁石,北 SCS ) 在 2008 和 2009 的夏天期间揭示了那 CO2 (pCO2 ) 的部分压力显示出的空气和表面海水常规日报周期。最小的价值在早上发生在晚上和最大的价值。在每三个学习区域的空气 pCO2 出现了小日报变化,当时大日报变化在海水 pCO2 被观察。日报海水 pCO2 的变化振幅是 70 摩尔摩尔? 1 在 Yongshu 礁石泻湖, 420619 摩尔摩尔? 1 在 Yongxing 岛礁石公寓,和 264579 摩尔摩尔上? 1 在 Luhuitou Fringing 礁石的礁石公寓上,并且 324492 摩尔摩尔? 1 在就在这 fringing 礁石外面的一个邻近的区域。关于空间关系,在越过华南海的由空至海的 CO2 流动有大差别(例如 0.4 mmol CO2 m ? 2 d ? 1 在 Yongshu 礁石, 4.7 mmol CO2 m ? 2 d ? 1 在 Yongxing 岛,并且 9.8 mmol CO2 m ? 2 d ? 1 在 Luhuitou Fringing 礁石)。然而,这些积极的值建议 SCS 的珊瑚礁石生态系统可以是到空气的 CO2 的网络来源。另外的分析显示了那日报在浅水礁石公寓的表面海水 pCO2 的变化主要被生物新陈代谢的过程控制,当那些被两个生物新陈代谢和水动力学因素更深的水泻湖和外部礁石区域调整时。不同于开的海洋,无机的新陈代谢在在珊瑚礁石生态系统影响海水 pCO2 变化起一个重要作用。 | YAN HongQiang YU KeFu SHI Qi TAN YeHui ZHANG HuiLing ZHAO MeiXia LI Shu CHEN TianRan HUANG LingYing WANG PinXian | 2011 | Chinese Science Bulletin2011，56，7： | 6 |
| 8 | Two centuries-long records of skeletal calcification in massive Porites colonies from Meiji Reef in the southern South China Sea and its responses to atmospheric CO_2 and seawater temperature显示文摘 | SHI Qi YU KeFu CHEN TianRan ZHANG HuiLing ZHAO MeiXia YAN HongQiang | 2012 | Science China Earth Sciences2012，55，1： | 6 |
| 9 | New materials of the steppe mammoth, Mammuthus trogontherii, with discussion on the origin and evolutionary patterns of mammoths显示文摘Recently found materials indicate that the steppe mammoth, Mammuthus trogontherii, survived in northern China into the late Pleistocene. East Asia is the key area of mammoth evolution after the initial radiation of early forms out of Africa and into Eurasia at the beginning of the late Pliocene (c. 3.5–3.0 Ma). M. rumanus, M. meridionalis, M. trogontherii, and M. primige- nius probably formed a continuous and transitional evolutionary lineage within the pan-Eurasian mammoth radiation in East Asia. Each speciation event of the Eurasian mammoths was followed by a rapid and large-scale dispersal event: out of East Asia. Allopatric speciation is the main speciation pattern of Mammuthus. The climatic vacillation was severe and frequent in East Asia from the early part of early Pleistocene (c. 2.6 Ma) onward, which probably brought about successive speciation in East Asia and the subsequent dispersal of the mammoths. | WEI GuangBiao HU SongMei YU KeFu HOU YaMei LI Xin JIN ChangZhu WANG Yuan ZHAO JianXin WANG WenHua | 2010 | Science China Earth Sciences2010，53，7： | 4 |
| 10 | Testing coral paleothermometers(B/Ca, Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca, U/Ca and δ^(18)O) under impacts of large riverine runoff显示文摘Sea surface temperature(SST) proxies including B/Ca, Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca, U/Ca and δ18O were analyzed in the skeleton of a Porites coral collected from the Zhujiang River(Pearl River) Estuary(ZRE). These geochemical proxies are influenced by river runoff and this area of the northern South China Sea is strongly affected by seasonal freshwater floods. We assessed the robustness of each SST proxy through comparison with the local instrumental SST. Coral Sr/Ca shows the highest correlation with SST variations(r2=0.59), suggesting Sr/Ca is the most robust SST proxy. In contrast, coral δ18O(r2=0.46), B/Ca(r2=0.43) and U/Ca(r2=0.41) ratios were only moderately correlated with SST variations, suggesting that they are disturbed by some other factors in addition to SST. The poor correlation(r2=0.27) between SST and Mg/Ca indicates that Mg/Ca in coral skeletons is not a simple function of SST variations. This may ultimately limit the use of Mg/Ca as a coral paleothermometer. | CHEN Tianran YU Kefu ZHAO Jianxin YAN Hongqiang SONG Yinxian FENG Yuexing CHEN Tegu | 2015 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2015，34，8： | 4 |
| 11 | Anomalous Ba/Ca signals associated with low temperature stresses in Porites corals from Daya Bay,northern South China Sea显示文摘Barium to calcium (Ba/Ca) ratio in corals has been considered as a useful geochemical proxy for upwelling,river flood and other oceanic processes.However,recent studies indicated that additional environmental or biological factors can influence the incorporation of Ba into coral skeletons.In this study,Ba/Ca ratios of two Porites corals collected from Daya Bay,northern South China Sea were analyzed.Ba/Ca signals in the two corals were ‘anomalous’ in comparison with Ba behaviors seen in other near-shore corals influenced by upwelling or riverine runoff.Our Ba/Ca profiles displayed similar and remarkable patterns characterized by low and randomly fluctuating background signals periodically interrupted by sharp and large synchronous peaks,clearly indicating an environmental forcing.Further analysis indicated that the Ba/Ca profiles were not correlated with previously claimed environmental factors such as precipitation,coastal upwelling,anthropogenic activities or phytoplankton blooms in other areas.The maxima of Ba/Ca appeared to occur in the period of Sr/Ca maxima,coinciding with the winter minimum temperatures,which suggests that the anomalous high Ba/Ca signals were related to winter-time low sea surface temperature.We speculated that the Ba/Ca peaks in corals of the Daya Bay were most likely the results of enrichment of Ba-rich particles in their skeletons when coral polyps retracted under the stresses of anomalous winter low temperatures.In this case,Ba/Ca ratio in relatively high-latitude corals can be a potential proxy for tracing the low temperature stress. | Tianran Chen Kefu Yu Shu Li Tegu Chen Qi Shi | 2011 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2011，23，9： | 3 |
| 12 | Spatial variations in the trophic status of Favia palauensis corals in the South China Sea:Insights into their different adaptabilities under contrasting environmental conditions显示文摘Scleractinian corals exhibit a dual trophic pattern of autotrophic photosynthesis and heterotrophic predation.However,whether corals can adjust their trophic status under contrasting environmental conditions remains unclear.In our study,70 scleractinian corals(Favia palauensis)were collected from Sanya and the Xisha and Nansha Islands in the South China Sea.We measured the zooxanthellae density(ZD)andδ^(13)C of zooxanthellae(δ^(13)C_(z))and host tissue(δ^(13)C_(h))and analyzed the difference betweenδ^(13)C_(h) andδ^(13)C_(z)(i.e.,△^(h-z)^(13)C).The relatively high ZD andδ^(13)C_(z) values in the samples from Sanya indicate that these corals might have higher photosynthetic rates and autotrophic abilities than those from Xisha and Nansha.In contrast,the relatively lowδ^(13)C_(h) and△^(h-z)^(13)C values in the samples from Xisha and Nansha suggest that these corals might have a higher heterotrophic ability than those from Sanya.In addition,we tested the coral tissue biomass and skeletalδ^(13)C(δ^(13)C_(s))in the samples from Sanya and examined their correlations with△^(h-z)^(13)C.The results showed a negative correlation,indicating that the more the organic material produced by the coral,the stronger its heterotrophic ability.Our results show that corals can adjust their trophic status under different environmental and physiological conditions,which is essential for increasing their adaptability to different environmental conditions. | Shendong XU Zhinan ZHANG Kefu YU Xueyong HUANG Hanji CHEN Zhenjun QIN Risheng LIANG | 2021 | Science China Earth Sciences2021，64，6： | 2 |
| 13 | Tropical Indian Ocean Basin Mode recorded in coral oxygen isotope data from the Seychelles over the past 148 years显示文摘The tropical Indian Ocean(TIO) displays a uniform basin-wide warming or cooling in sea surface temperature(SST) during the decay year of El Niδo-Southern Oscillation(ENSO) events. This warming or cooling is called the tropical Indian Ocean Basin Mode(IOBM). Recent studies showed that the IOBM dominates the interannual variability of the TIO SST and has impacts on the tropical climate from the TIO to the western Pacific. Analyses on a 148-year-long monthly coral δ 18 O record from the Seychelles Islands demonstrate that the Seychelles coral δ 18 O not only is associated with the local SST but also indicates the interannul variability of the basin-wide SST in the TIO. Moreover, the Seychelles coral δ 18 O shows a dominant period of 3–7 years that well represents the variability of the IOBM, which in return is modulated by the inter-decadal climate variability. The correlation between the Seychelles coral δ 18 O and the SST reveals that the coral δ 18 O lags the SST in the eastern equatorial Pacific by five months and reaches its peak in the spring following the mature phase of ENSO. The spatial pattern of the first EOF mode indicates that the Seychelles Islands are located at the crucial place of the IOBM. Thus, the Seychelles coral δ 18 O could be used as a proxy of the IOBM to investigate the ENSO teleconnection on the TIO in terms of long-time climate variability. | DU Yan XIAO JinJun YU KeFu | 2014 | Science China Earth Sciences2014，57，11： | 2 |
| 14 | High-precision U-series ages of transported coral blocks on Heron Reef (southern Great Barrier Reef) and storm activity during the past century显示文摘 | Kefu Yu Jianxin Zhao George Roff Matthew Lybolt Yuexing Feng Tara Clark Shu Li | 2012 | Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology2012，，： | 1 |
| 15 | Reconstruction of storm/tsunami records over the last 4000 years using transported coral blocks and lagoon sediments in the southern South China Sea 显示文摘 | Yu Kefu Zhao Jianxin Shi Qi | 2009 | Quaternary International2009，195，： | 1 |
| 16 | Increasing temperature anomalies reduce coral growth in the Weizhou Island, northern South China Sea显示文摘 | CHEN Tianran LIShu YU Kefu ZHENG Zhaoyong WANG Lirong CHEN Tegu | 2013 | Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science2013，130，： | 1 |
| 17 | High-frequency winter cooling and reef coral mortality during the Holocene climatic optimum显示文摘 | Yu Kefu Zhao Jianxin Liu Tungsheng | 2004 | Earth and Planetary Science Letters2004，224，12： | 1 |
| 18 | High-frequency winter cooling and reef coral mortality during the Holocene climatic optimum 显示文摘 | YU KEFU ZHAO JIANXIN LIU TUNGSHENG | 2004 | Earth Planet Sci Lett2004，224，12： | 1 |
| 19 | Heavy metal pollution recorded in Porites corals from Daya Bay, northern South China Sea显示文摘 | CHEN Tianran YU Kefu LI Shu | 2010 | Marine Environmental Research2010，70，34： | 1 |
| 20 | High-resolution climate recorded in the显示文摘 | YU Kefu | 2002 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2002，12，4： | 1 |
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