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| 1 | Role of radiation therapy in neoadjuvant era in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer显示文摘Surgery remains the primary determinant of cure in patients with localized rectal cancer, and total mesorectal excision is now widely accepted as standard of care. The widespread implementation of neoadjuvant shortcourse radiotherapy (RT) or long-course chemoradiotherapy (CRT) has reduced local recurrence rates from 25% to 40% to less than 10%; Preoperative RT in resectable rectal cancer has a number of potential advantages, most importantly reducing local recurrence, and down-staging effect. In this article making a comprehensive literature review searching the reliable medical data bases of PubMed and Cochrane we present all available information on the role of radiation therapy alone or in combination with chemotherapy in preoperative setting of rectal cancer. Data reported show that in locally advanced rectal cancer the addition of radiation therapy or CRT pre surgically has significantly improved sphincter prevention surgery. Moreover, the addition of chemotherapy to radiation therapy in preoperative setting has significantly improved pathologic complete response rate and loco-regional control rate without improvement in sphincter preserving surgery. Finally, the results of recently published randomized trials have shown a significant improvement of prevs postoperative CRT on local control; however, there was no effect on overall survival. | Georgios V Koukourakis | 2012 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2012，4，12： | 8 |
| 2 | Thermogenic protein UCP1 and UCP3 expression in non- small cell lung cancer: relation with glycolysis and anaerobic metabolism显示文摘Uncoupling protein 1(UCP1)is a proton transporter/channel residing on the inner mitochondrial membrane and is involved in cellular heat production.Using immunohistochemistry,we investigated the expression of UCP1 and UCP3 in a series of 98 patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)treated with surgery.Expression patterns were correlated with histopathological variables,prognosis,and the expression of enzymes/proteins related to cell metabolism.Bronchial epithelium did not express UCP1 or UCP3,while alveolar cells strongly expressed UCP1.In tumors,strong expression of UCP1 and UCP3 was recorded in43/98(43.8%)and 27/98(27.6%)cases,respectively.UCP1 was significantly associated with squamous cell histology(P=0.05),whilst UCP3 was more frequently overexpressed in large cell carcinomas(P=0.08),and was inversely related to necrosis(P=0.009).In linear regression analysis,UCP1 was directly related to markers of glycolysis[hexokinase(HXKII)and phosphofructokinase(PFK1)]and anaerobic glucose metabolism[pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase(PDK1)and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH5)].UCP3 was directly linked with a glucose transporter(GLUT2),monocarboxylate transporter(MCT2),glycolysis markers(PFK1 and aldolase),and with the phosphorylation of pyruvate dehydrogenase(p PDH).Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that UCP3 was significantly related to poor prognosis in squamous cell carcinomas(P=0.04).UCP1 and UCP3 are overexpressed in a large subgroup of non-small cell lung tumors and their expression coincides with increased glucose absorption,intensified glycolysis,and anaerobic glucose usage.Whether UCPs are targets for therapeutic interventions in lung cancer is a hypothesis that demands further investigation. | Alexandra Giatromanolaki Konstantina Balaska Dimitra Kalamida Christos Kakouratos Efthimios Sivridis Michael I. Koukourakis | 2017 | Cancer Biology & Medicine2017，14，4： | 8 |
| 3 | Capecitabine for locally advanced and metastatic colorectal cancer:A review显示文摘Capecitabine (Xeloda) is an oral fluoropyrimidine which is produced as a pro-drug of fluorouracil, and shows improved tolerability and intratumor drug concentrations following its tumor-specif ic conversion to the active drug. We have searched the Pubmed and Cochrane databases from 1980 to 2009 with the purpose of reviewing all available information on Capecitabine, focusing on its clinical effectiveness against colorectal cancer. Special attention has been paid to trials that compared Capecitabine with standard folinic acid (leucovorin, LV)-modulated intravenous 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) bolus regimens in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Moreover the efficacy of Capecitabine on metastatic colorectal cancer, either alone or in various combinations with other active drugs such as Irinotecan and Oxaliplatin was also assessed. Finally, neoadjuvant therapy con- sisting of Capecitabine plus radiation therapy, for locally advanced rectal cancer was analysed. This combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy has a special role in tumor down staging and in sphincter preservation for lower rectal tumors. Comparative trials have shown that Capecitabine is at least equivalent to the standard LV-5-FU combination in relation to progression-free and overall survival whilst showing a better tolerability prof ile with a much lower incidence of stomatitis. It is now known that Capecitabine can be combined with other active drugs such as Irinotecan and Oxaliplatin. The combination of Oxaliplatin with Capecitabine represents a new standard of care for metastatic colorectal cancer. Combinating the Capecitabine-Oxaliplatin regimen with promising new biological drugs such as Bevacizumab seems to give a realistic prospect of further improvement in time to progression of metastatic disease. Moreover, preoperative chemo-radiation using oral capecitabine is better tolerated than bolus 5-FU and is more effective in the promotion of both down-staging and sphincter preservation in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. Finally, the outcomes of recently published trials suggest that capecitabine seems to be more cost effective than other standard treatments for the management of patients with colorectal cancer. | Georgios V Koukourakis Georgios Zacharias John Tsalafoutas Dimitrios Theodoridis Vassilios Kouloulias | 2010 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2010，2，8： | 4 |
| 4 | Patient dose considerations in computed tomography examinations显示文摘Ionizing radiation is extensively used in medicine and its contribution to both diagnosis and therapy is undisputable.However,the use of ionizing radiation also involves a certain risk since it may cause damage to tissues and organs and trigger carcinogenesis.Computed tomography(CT) is currently one of the major contributors to the collective population radiation dose both because it is a relatively high dose examination and an increasing number of people are subjected to CT examinations many times during their lifetime.The evolution of CT scanner technology has greatly increased the clinical applications of CT and its availability throughout the world and made it a routine rather than a specialized examination.With the modern multislice CT scanners,fast volume scanning of the whole human body within less than 1 min is now feasible.Two dimensional images of superb quality can be reconstructed in every possible plane with respect to the patient axis(e.g.axial,sagital and coronal).Furthermore,three-dimensional images of all anatomic structures and organs can be produced with only minimal additional effort(e.g.skeleton,tracheobronchial tree,gastrointestinal system and cardiovascular system).All these applications,which are diagnostically valuable,also involve a significant radiation risk.Therefore,all medical professionals involved with CT,either as referring or examining medical doctors must be aware of the risks involved before they decide to prescribe or perform CT examinations.Ultimately,the final decision concerning justification for a prescribed CT examination lies upon the radiologist.In this paper,we summarize the basic information concerning the detrimental effects of ionizing radiation,as well as the CT dosimetry background.Furthermore,after a brief summary of the evolution of CT scanning,the current CT scanner technology and its special features with respect to patient doses are given in detail.Some numerical data is also given in order to comprehend the magnitude of the potential radiation risk involved in comparison with risk from exposure to natural background radiation levels. | Ioannis A Tsalafoutas Georgios V Koukourakis | 2010 | World Journal of Radiology2010，2，7： | 4 |
| 5 | Is there a role for Tc-99m (V) DMSA scintigraphy in ischemic colitis?显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the role of pentavalent Tc-99m dimercaptosuccinic acid [Tc-99m (V) DMSA] in the diagnosis of ischemic colitis. METHODS: Fourteen patients with endoscopically and histologically confirmed ischemic colitis were included in the study. Tc-99m (V) DMSA scintigraphy was performed within 2 d after colonoscopy. Images were considered positive when an area of increased activity was observed in the region of interest and negative when no abnormal tracer uptake was detected. RESULTS: In 3 out of the 14 patients, Tc-99m (V) DMSA images showed moderate activity in the bowel. The scintigraphic results corresponded with the endoscopic findings. In the other 11 patients, no abnormal tracer uptake was detected in the abdomen. CONCLUSION: Besides the limited number of patients, Tc-99m (V) DMSA could not be considered as a useful imaging modality for the evaluation of ischemic colitis. | Maria I Stathaki Ioannis E Koutroubakis Sophia I Koukouraki Elias A Kouroumalis Nikolaos S Karkavitsas | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，35： | 4 |
| 6 | VEGF/KDR activated MVD versus CD31 standard microvessel density in non-small cell lung cancer显示文摘 | Koukourakis MI Giatromanolaki A Thorpe PE | 2000 | Cancer Res2000，60，： | 2 |
| 7 | Mean platelet volume: a useful marker of inflammatory bowel disease activity显示文摘 | Andreas N Kapsoritakis Michael I Koukourakis Aekaterini Sfiridaki Spiros P Potamianos Maria G Kosmadaki Ioannis E Koutroubakis Elias A Kouroumalis | 2001 | The American Journal of Gastroenterology2001，，3： | 2 |
| 8 | Endogenous markers of hypoxia/anaerobic metabolism and anemia in primary colorectal cancer显示文摘 | KOUKOURAKIS ALEXANDRA G | 2006 | Cancer Sci2006，97，7： | 1 |
| 9 | Neoangiogenesis in locally advanced squamous cell head and neck cancer correlates with thymidine phosphorylase expression and P53nuclear oncoprotein accumulation 显示文摘 | Giatromanolaki A Fountziles G Koukourakis MI | 1998 | Clin Exp Metast1998，16，7： | 1 |
| 10 | Mean platelet volume : a useful maker of inflammatory bowel disease activity 显示文摘 | Kapsoritakis AN Koukourakis MI Sfiridaki A | 2001 | Am J Gastroentero12001，96，： | 1 |
| 11 | Vascular endothelial growth factor,platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor and angiogenesis in non-small-cell lung cancer显示文摘 | O'Byrne K J Koukourakis M I Giatromanolaki A | 2000 | Br J Cancer2000，82，8： | 1 |
| 12 | Myocardial bridging in a patient with exertional chest pain显示文摘 | Stathaki M Velidaki A Koukouraki S | 2005 | Clin Nucl Med2005，30，6： | 1 |
| 13 | Serum and tissue LDH levels in patients with breast/gy- naecological cancer and benign diseases显示文摘 | Koukourakis MI Kontomanolis E Giatromanolaki A | 2009 | Gynecol Ob- stet Invest2009，67，3： | 1 |
| 14 | Vascular endothelial growth factor, platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor and angiogenesis in non-small-cell lung cancer显示文摘 | O'Byrne KJ Koukourakis MI Giatromanolaki A | 2000 | Br J Cancer2000，82，8： | 1 |
| 15 | Lac- tate dehydrogenase 5 expression in operable colorectal cancer: strong association with survival and activated vas- cular endothelial growth factor pathway--a report of the Tumour Angiogenesis Research Group 显示文摘 | Koukourakis MI Giatromanolaki A Sivridis E | 2006 | J Clin Oncol2006，24，26： | 1 |
| 16 | Hypoxia-inducible factor ( HIF1A and HIF2A), angiogenesis, and chemoradiotherapy out- come of squamous cell head-and-neck cancer显示文摘 | Koukourakis MI Giatromanolaki A Sivridis E | 2002 | Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys2002，53，5： | 1 |
| 17 | Endometrial carcinoma: association of steroid hormone receptor expression with low angiogenesis and bcl-2 expression显示文摘 | Efthimios Sivridis Alexandra Giatromanolaki Michael Koukourakis Panagiotis Anastasiadis | 2001 | Virchows Archiv2001，，5： | 1 |
| 18 | Evaluation of the pharmacokinetics of 68Ga-DOTATOC in patients with metastatic neuroendocrine tumours scheduled for 90Y-DOTATOC therapy显示文摘 | Koukouraki S Strauss LG Georgoulias V | | 0，，04： | 1 |
| 19 | Non-small cell lung cancer functional imaging: increased hexakis-2-methoxy-isobutyl-isonitrile tumor clearance correlates with resistance to cytotoxic treatment显示文摘 | Koukourakis S Giatromanolaki A | 1997 | Clin Cancer Res1997，3，5： | 1 |
| 20 | Mean platelet volume a useful marker of inflammatory bowel disease activity显示文摘 | Kapsoritakis AN Koukourakis MI Sfiridaki A | 2001 | Am J Gastroe tevo12001，96，3： | 1 |
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