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| 1 | Antibiotic prophylaxis in variceal hemorrhage:Timing,effectiveness and Clostridium difficile rates显示文摘AIM:To investigate if antibiotics administered within 8 h of endoscopy reduce mortality or increase the incidence of Clostridium difficile infection(CDI).METHODS:A 2-year retrospective analysis of all patients who presented with first variceal hemorrhage was undertaken.The primary outcome measure was 28-d mortality.Secondary outcome measures were 28-d rebleeding rates and 28-d incidence of CDI.All patients were admitted to a tertiary liver unit with a consultantled,24-h endoscopy service.Patients received standard care including terlipressin therapy.Data collection included:primary and secondary outcome measures,timing of first administration of intravenous antibiotics,eti-ology of liver disease,demographics,endoscopy details and complications.A prospective study was undertaken to determine the incidence of CDI in the study population and general medical inpatients admitted for antibiotic therapy of at least 5 d duration.Statistical analysis was undertaken using univariate,non-parametric tests and multivariate logistic regression analysis.RESULTS:There were 70 first presentations of variceal hemorrhage during the study period.Seventy percent of cases were male and 65.7% were due to chronic alcoholic liver disease.In total,64/70(91.4%) patients received antibiotics as prophylaxis during their admission.Specifically,53/70(75.7%) received antibiotics either before endoscopy or within 8 h of endoscopy [peri-endoscopy(8 h) group],whereas 17/70(24.3%) received antibiotics at > 8 h after endoscopy or not at all(non peri-endoscopy group).Overall mortality and rebleeding rates were 13/70(18.6%) and 14/70(20%),respectively.The periendoscopy(8 h) group was significantly less likely to die compared with the non peri-endoscopy group [13.2% vs 35.3%,P = 0.04,odds ratio(OR) = 0.28(0.078-0.997)] and showed a trend towards reduced rebleeding [17.0% vs 29.4%,P = 0.27,OR = 0.49(0.14-1.74)].On univariate analysis,the non peri-endoscopy group [P = 0.02,OR = 3.58(1.00-12.81)],higher model for end-stage liver disease(MELD) score(P = 0.02),presence of hepatorenal syndrome [P < 0.01,OR = 11.25(2.24-56.42)] and suffering a clinical episode of sepsis [P = 0.03,OR = 4.03(1.11-14.58)] were significant predictors of death at 28 d.On multivariate logistic regression analysis,lower MELD score [P = 0.01,OR = 1.16(1.04-1.28)] and periendoscopy(8 h) group [P = 0.01,OR = 0.15(0.03-0.68)] were independent predictors of survival at 28 d.The CDI incidence(5.7%) was comparable to that in the general medical population(5%).CONCLUSION:Antibiotics administered up to 8 h following endoscopy were associated with improved survival at 28 d.CDI incidence was comparable to that in other patient groups. | Matthew RL Brown Graeme Jones Kathryn L Nash Mark Wright Indra Neil Guha | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，42： | 13 |
| 2 | 生活方式和饮食因素:预防致死性前列腺癌显示文摘预防致死性前列腺癌是一个重要的公共卫生难题。解决该难题可以改善人们的健康状况,减少罹患该疾病的痛苦。本综述围绕某些与致命性前列腺癌预防有关的生活方式和饮食因素研究进行讨论。我们还对以下行为风险因素的研究进行总结:肥胖和体重变化、体育活动、吸烟状况、抗氧化剂摄入量、维生素D和钙、以及咖啡摄入量。 | Kathryn M Wilson Edward L Giovannucci Lorelei A Mucci | 2012 | Asian Journal of Andrology2012，14，3： | 3 |
| 3 | Evaluation of the AGCU Expressmarker 16 and 22 PCR Amplification Kits Using Biological Samples Applied to FTA Micro Cards in Reduced Volume Direct PCR Amplification Reactions显示文摘This study evaluated the performance of the Wuxi AGCU ScienTech Incorporation(HuiShan,Wuxi,China)AGCU Expressmarker 16(EX 16)and 22(EX22)short tandem repeat(STR)amplification kits in reduced reaction volumes using direct polymerase chain reaction(PCR)amplification workflows.The commercially available PowerPlex21(PP21)System(Promega,Wisconsin,USA),which follows similar direct workflows,was used as a reference.Anticoagulate blood applied to chemically impregnated FTATM Micro Cards(GE Healthcare UK Limited,Amersham Place,Little Chalfont,Buckinghamshire,HP79NA,UK)was used to represent a complex biological sample.Allelic concordance,first‑pass success rate,average peak heights,heterozygous peak height ratios(HPHRs),and intracolor and intercolor peak height balance were determined.In reduced volume PCR reactions,the performances of both the EX16 and EX22 STR amplification kits were comparable to that of the PP21 System.The level of performance was maintained at PCR reaction volumes,which are 40%of that recommended.The EX22 and PP21 System kits possess comparable overlapping genome coverage.This study evaluated the performance of the AGCU EX16 and EX22 STR amplification kits in reduced PCR reaction volumes using direct workflows in combination with whole blood applied to FTATM Micro Cards.Allelic concordance,first‑pass success rate,average peak heights,HPHRs,and intracolor and intercolor peak height balance were determined.A concordance analysis was completed that compared the performance of the EX16 and EX22 kits using human blood applied to FTA Micro Cards in combination with full,half,and reduced PCR reaction volumes.The PP21 System(Promega)was used as a reference kit.Where appropriate,the distributions of data were assessed using the Shapiro‑Wilk test.For normally‑distributed data,statistics were calculated using analysis of variance(ANOVA)and for nonparametric data the Wilcoxon/Kruskal‑Wallis test was used.Statistical significance was set at P<0.05.Confidence intervals for mean values were set at 95%.On using reduced volume PCR reactions in combination with dried blood spots applied to FTA sample collection cards,both the EX16 and EX22 kits were shown to generate STR profiles of sufficient quality to allow entry into National DNA databases.The performance of both EX16 and EX22 was comparable to that of the PP21 System.This study demonstrates the successful use of the Wuxi AGCU ScienTech Incorporation EX16 and EX22 kits in reduced PCR reaction volumes with complex biological samples applied to chemically impregnated FTA sample collection cards. | Samantha J Ogden Kathryn L Lamerton Peter J Tatnell | 2015 | Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine2015，1，1： | 2 |
| 4 | Cellular proteins in influenza virus particles显示文摘 | Shaw Megan L Stone Kathryn L Colangelo Christopher M | 2008 | PLoS pathogens2008，4，10： | 1 |
| 5 | 显示文摘 | KATHRYN L KELLAR J DOUGLASS P | 2003 | Journal of Immunological Methods2003，279，： | 1 |
| 6 | A Survey of Emergency Department 2009 Pandemic Influenza A(H1N1) Surge Preparedness-Atlanta,Georgia,July-October 2009显示文摘 | David S Kelly H Kathryn L | 2011 | Clin Infcet Dis2011，52，1： | 1 |
| 7 | An Outbreak of Type 4b Listeria monocytogenes Infection Involving Patients From Eight Boston Hospitals 显示文摘 | John L kathryn N | 1986 | Original Investigations1986，146，： | 1 |
| 8 | Microwave Digestion Procedures for Environmental Matrices显示文摘 | Kathryn J L Steve J H | | 0，，07： | 1 |
| 9 | Simple balance and mobil ity tests can assess falls risk when cognition is impaired显示文摘 | Kathryn AM Joni VB Lavery L | 2008 | Geriatr Nurs2008，29，： | 1 |
| 10 | Medical students as standardized patients to assess inter-viewing skills for pain evaluation显示文摘 | Brian E Mavis Karen SOgle Kathryn L Lovell&Lisa M Mad-den | 2002 | Medical Education2002，36，： | 1 |
| 11 | Evaluation of snack foods from barley-tomato pomace blends by extrusion processing显示文摘 | Aylin Altan Mccarthy Kathryn L Maskan Medeni | | 0，，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Glycosylation affects cleavage of an H5N2 influenza virus hemagglutinin and regulates virulence显示文摘 | Kathryn L D Victor A F Michael A | 1987 | PNAS1987，84，1： | 1 |
| 13 | The SARS Coronavims: APostgenomic Era显示文摘 | Kathryn V Holmes Enjuanes L | 2003 | Science2003，300，： | 1 |
| 14 | CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide Enhances Tumor Response to Radiation显示文摘 | Luka Milas l Kathryn A | 2004 | Cancer Res2004，64，15： | 1 |
| 15 | Impact Investing: A 21st Century Tool to Attractand Retain Donors 显示文摘 | Amy L Cheney C P A Kathryn E Merchant and Robert Killins Jr | 2012 | THE2012，，4： | 1 |
| 16 | Does the Market React Differently to Domestic and Foreign Takeover Announcements? Evidence from the us Chem- ical and Retail Industries显示文摘 | Dewenter Kathryn L | 1995 | Journal of Financial Economics1995，，37： | 1 |
| 17 | Newcastle Disease Virus HN Protein Alters the Conformation of the F Protein at Cell Surfaces显示文摘 | McGinnes L W Kathryn Gravel Morrison T G | 2002 | Journal of Virology2002，24，12： | 1 |
| 18 | Evidence for Mixed Membrane Topology of the Newcastle显示文摘 | McGinnes L W Reitter J N Kathryn Gravel | 2003 | Journal of Virology2003，3，77： | 1 |
| 19 | T-C polymorphjsm of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene is associated with albuminuria in diabetes显示文摘 | Yongmei L Kathryn P | 2005 | J Am Soc Neohrol2005，16，： | 1 |
| 20 | Solvent extraction of silver by Cyanex272, Cyanex302 and Cyanex 301显示文摘 | Kathryn C S Ferguson T L Hiskey J B | 1994 | Solvent Extraction and Iron Exchange1994，12，5： | 1 |
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