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| 1 | Contrasting trends of PM2.5 and surface-ozone concentrations in China from 2013 to 2017显示文摘Although much attention has been paid to investigating and controlling air pollution in China,the trends of air-pollutant concentrations on a national scale have remained unclear.Here,we quantitatively investigated the variation of air pollutants in China using long-term comprehensive data sets from 2013 to 2017,during which Chinese government made major efforts to reduce anthropogenic emission in polluted regions.Our results show a significant decreasing trend in the PM2.5 concentration in heavily polluted regions of eastern China,with an annual decrease of〜7%compared with measurements in 2013.The measured decreased concentrations of SO2>NO2 and CO(a proxy for anthropogenic volatile organic compounds)could explain a large fraction of the decreased PM2.5 concentrations in different regions.As a consequence;the heavily polluted days decreased significantly in corresponding regions.Concentrations of organic aerosol;nitrate;sulfate,ammonium and chloride measured in urban Beijing revealed a remarkable reduction from 2013 to 2017;connecting the decreases in aerosol precursors with corresponding chemical components closely.However;surface-ozone concentrations showed increasing trends in most urban stations from 2013 to 2017;which indicates stronger photochemical pollution.The boundary-layer height in capital c让ies of eastern China showed no significant trends over the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta regions from 2013 to 2017;which confirmed the reduction in anthropogenic emissions.Our results demonstrated that the Chinese government was successful in the reduction of particulate matter in urban areas from 2013 to 2017,although the ozone concentration has increased significantly;suggesting a more complex mechanism of improving Chinese air quality in the future. | Yonghong Wang Wenkang Gao Shuai Wang Tao Song Zhengyu Gong Dongsheng Ji Lili Wang Zirui Liu Guiqian Tang Yanfeng Huo Shili Tian Jiayun Li Mingge Li Yuan Yang Biwu Chu Tuukka Petaja Veli-Matti Kerminen Hong He Jiming Hao Markku Kulmala Yuesi Wang Yuanhang Zhang | 2020 | National Science Review2020，7，8： | 51 |
| 2 | Vehicular volatile organic compounds losses due to refueling and diurnal process in China: 2010–2050显示文摘Volatile organic compounds(VOCs) are crucial to control air pollution in major Chinese cities since VOCs are the dominant factor influencing ambient ozone level, and also an important precursor of secondary organic aerosols. Vehicular evaporative emissions have become a major and growing source of VOC emissions in China. This study consists of lab tests, technology evaluation, emissions modeling, policy projections and cost-benefit analysis to draw a roadmap for China for controlling vehicular evaporative emissions. The analysis suggests that evaporative VOC emissions from China's light-duty gasoline vehicles were approximately 185,000 ton in 2010 and would peak at 1,200,000 ton in 2040 without control. The current control strategy implemented in China, as shown in business as usual(BAU) scenario, will barely reduce the long-term growth in emissions. Even if Stage II gasoline station vapor control policies were extended national wide(BAU + extended Stage II), there would still be over 400,000 ton fuel loss in 2050. In contrast, the implementation of on-board refueling vapor recovery(ORVR) on new cars could reduce 97.5% of evaporative VOCs by 2050(BAU + ORVR/BAU + delayed ORVR). According to the results, a combined Stage II and ORVR program is a comprehensive solution that provides both short-term and long-term benefits. The net cost to achieve the optimal total evaporative VOC control is approximately 62 billion CNY in 2025 and 149 billion CNY in 2050. | Xiaofan Yang Huan Liu Hongyang Cui Hanyang Man Mingliang Fu Jiming Hao Kebin He | 2015 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2015，27，7： | 19 |
| 3 | Inferring the potential risks of H7N9 infection by spatiotemporally characterizing bird migration and poultry distribution in eastern China显示文摘Background:In view of the rapid geographic spread and the increasing number of confirmed cases of novel influenza A(H7N9)virus infections in eastern China,we developed a diffusion model to spatiotemporally characterize the impacts of bird migration and poultry distribution on the geographic spread of H7N9 infection.Methods:Three types of infection risks were estimated for 12 weeks,from February 4 to April 28,2013,including(i)the risk caused by bird migration,(ii)the risk caused by poultry distribution,and(iii)the integrated risk caused by both bird migration and poultry distribution.To achieve this,we first developed a method for estimating the likelihood of bird migration based on available environmental and meteorological data.Then,we adopted a computational mobility model to estimate poultry distribution based on annual poultry production and consumption of each province/municipality.Finally,the spatiotemporal risk maps were created based on the integrated impacts of both bird migration and poultry distribution.Results:In the study of risk estimation caused by bird migration,the likelihood matrix was estimated based on the 7-day temperature,from February 4 to April 28,2013.It was found the estimated migrant birds mainly appear in the southeastern provinces of Zhejiang,Shanghai and Jiangsu during Weeks 1 to 4,and Week 6,followed by appearing in central eastern provinces of Shandong,Hebei,Beijing,and Tianjin during Weeks 7 to 9,and finally in northeastern provinces of Liaoning,Jilin,and Heilongjiang during Weeks 10 to 12.In the study of risk caused by poultry distribution,poultry distribution matrix was created to show the probability of poultry distribution.In spite of the fact that the majority of the initial infections were reported in Shanghai and Jiangsu,the relative risk of H7N9 infection estimated based on the poultry distribution model predicted that Jiangsu may have a slightly higher likelihood of H7N9 infection than those in Zhejiang and Shanghai,if we only take the probability of poultry distribution into consideration.In the study of integrated risk caused by both bird migration and poultry distribution,the higher risk in southeastern provinces occurred during the first 8 weeks,and that in central eastern provinces appeared during Weeks 8 to 12,and that in northeastern provinces since Week 12.Therefore,it is necessary to regulate the poultry markets as long as the poultry-to-poultry transmission is not so well understood.Conclusion:With reference to the reported infection cases,the demonstrated risk mapping results will provide guidance in active surveillance and control of human H7N9 infections by taking intensive intervention in poultry markets. | Benyun Shi Shang Xia Guo-Jing Yang Xiao-Nong Zhou Jiming Liu | 2013 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2013，2，1： | 8 |
| 4 | Mercury mass flow in iron and steel production process and its implications for mercury emission control显示文摘The iron and steel production process is one of the predominant anthropogenic sources of atmospheric mercury emissions worldwide. In this study, field tests were conducted to study mercury emission characteristics and mass flows at two iron and steel plants in China. It was found that low-sulfur flue gas from sintering machines could contribute up to41% of the total atmospheric mercury emissions, and desulfurization devices could remarkably help reduce the emissions. Coal gas burning accounted for 17%–49% of the total mercury emissions, and therefore the mercury control of coal gas burning, specifically for the power plant burning coal gas to generate electricity, was significantly important. The emissions from limestone and dolomite production and electric furnaces can contribute29.3% and 4.2% of the total mercury emissions from iron and steel production. More attention should be paid to mercury emissions from these two processes. Blast furnace dust accounted for 27%–36% of the total mercury output for the whole iron and steel production process. The recycling of blast furnace dust could greatly increase the atmospheric mercury emissions and should not be conducted. The mercury emission factors for the coke oven,sintering machine and blast furnace were 0.039–0.047 g Hg/ton steel, and for the electric furnace it was 0.021 g Hg/ton steel. The predominant emission species was oxidized mercury, accounting for 59%–73% of total mercury emissions to air. | Fengyang Wang Shuxiao Wang Lei Zhang Hai Yang Wei Gao Qingru Wu Jiming Hao | 2016 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2016，28，5： | 8 |
| 5 | Study on stable delivery of charged uniform droplets for freeform fabrication of metal parts显示文摘Electrostatic delivery of charged uniform metal droplets is a novel method to deposit metal parts with short process period and low cost. But the delivery process is unstable and delivery accuracy of charged droplets deteriorates because of actions of mutual interactions of closely charged droplets. A droplet generator with droplet charging and deflecting system has been established to find out the way for stably and accurately deflecting droplets. The parameters for generating uniform droplets were first studied. Then the droplet deflections and metal parts depositions with different charge methods were discussed. The results show that the unbalanced electrostatic repelling forces are the main factor to cause the unstable deflection of droplets. The droplets deflection distance can be predicted and controlled by balancing the repelling forces of charged droplets. The metal parts are stably deposited after combining the board charged pulse and substrate motion, indicating that the work can provide useful theoretical and experimental guide for droplet-based freeform fabrication. | LUO Jun QI LeHua ZHOU JiMing XIAO Yuan YANG Fang | 2011 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2011，54，7： | 7 |
| 6 | Theoretical and numerical research of wire array Z-pinch and dynamic hohlraum at IAPCM显示文摘Dense Z-pinch plasmas are powerful and energy-efficient laboratory sources of X-rays,and show the possibility to drive inertial confinement fusion(ICF).Recent advances in wire-array Z-pinch and Z-pinch dynamic hohlraum(ZPDH)researches at the Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics are presented in this paper.Models are setup to study different physical processes.A full circuit model(FCM)was used to study the coupling between Z-pinch implosion and generator discharge.A mass injection model with azimuthal modulation was setup to simulate the wire-array plasma initiation,and the two-dimensional MHD code MARED was developed to investigate the Z-pinch implosion,MRT instability,stagnation and radiation.Implosions of nested and quasi-spherical wire arrays were also investigated theoretically and numerically.Key processes of ZPDH,such as the arrayefoam interaction,formation of the hohlraum radiation,as well as the following capsule ablation and implosion,were analyzed with different radiation magneto-hydrodynamics(RMHD)codes.An integrated 2D RMHD simulation of dynamic hohlraum driven capsule implosion provides us the physical insights of wire-array plasma acceleration,shock generation and propagation,hohlraum formation,radiation ablation,and fuel compression. | Ning Ding Yang Zhang Delong Xiao Jiming Wu Zihuan Dai Li Yin Zhiming Gao Shunkai Sun Chuang Xue Cheng Ning Xiaojian Shu Jianguo Wang | 2016 | Matter and Radiation at Extremes2016，1，3： | 7 |
| 7 | Tomography-like flow visualization of a hypersonic inward-turning inlet显示文摘The flow field in a typical inward-turning inlet was visualized using the Planar Laser Scattering(PLS)method in a shock tunnel with a nominal Mach number of 6.The opaque inlet,which is truncated at a series of sections,and the following transparent isolator,are combined to enable the optical access at different streamwise locations.The sequential PLS images provide a tomography-like flow visualization,which confirm the existence of streamwise Counter-rotating Vortex Pairs(CVPs)in both external and internal flow field of the inlet.Generation mechanisms of these CVPs are unraveled with the help of a numerical simulation,among which the cowl notch plays an important role in the generation of surface trailing CVPs along the centerline of the cowl.Moreover,the cowl shock sweeps the internal boundary layer towards the body side,which ultimately accumulates low-momentum flow on the body side in forms of a large CVP propagating downstream through the isolator.The CVPs formed in the shape-transition are responsible for the nonuniform flow field of the inward-turning inlet.This study indicates that the V-shaped cowl notch affects the downstream flow significantly and,therefore,should be examined thoroughly in practical applications. | Yiming LI Zhufei LI Jiming YANG | 2021 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2021，34，1： | 6 |
| 8 | Mercury enrichment and its effects on atmospheric emissions in cement plants of China显示文摘 | Fengyang Wang Shuxiao Wang Lei Zhang Hai Yang Qingru Wu Jiming Hao | 2014 | Atmospheric Environment2014，，： | 5 |
| 9 | Mercury flows in large-scale gold production and implications for Hg pollution control显示文摘Large-scale gold production(LSGP) is one of the five convention-related atmospheric mercury(Hg) emission sources in the Minamata Convention on Mercury. However, field experiments on Hg flows of the whole process of LSGP are limited. To identify the atmospheric Hg emission points and understand Hg emission characteristics of LSGP, Hg flows in two gold smelters were studied. Overall atmospheric Hg emissions accounted for 10%–17% of total Hg outputs and the Hg emission factors for all processes were 7.6–9.6 kg/ton. There were three dominant atmospheric Hg emission points in the studied gold smelters, including the exhaust gas of the roasting process, exhaust gas from the environmental fog collection stack and exhaust gas from the converter of the refining process. Atmospheric Hg emissions from the roasting process only accounted for 16%–29% of total emissions and the rest were emitted from the refining process. The overall Hg speciation profile(gaseous elemental Hg/gaseous oxidized Hg/particulate-bound Hg) for LSGP was 34.1/57.1/8.8. The dominant Hg output byproducts included waste acid, sulfuric acid and cyanide leaching residue. Total Hg outputs from these three byproducts were 80% in smelter A and 84% in smelter B. Our study indicated that previous atmospheric Hg emissions from large-scale gold production might have been overestimated.Hg emission control in LSGP is not especially urgent in China compared to other significant emission sources(e.g., cement plants). Instead, LSGP is a potential Hg release source due to the high Hg output proportions to acid and sludge. | Qingru Wu Shuxiao Wang Mei Yang Haitao Su Guoliang Li Yi Tang Jiming Hao | 2018 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2018，30，6： | 5 |
| 10 | Analysis of Rockfall and Its Impact on the Cut-and-Cover Tunnel in Dynamics显示文摘This paper presents the effect of thickness of Buffer layer on the safety of cut-and-cover tunnel under the given magnitude and height of rockfall, and the limit load of the structure. To establish calculating models of rockfall in different conditions, the dynamics of the fall down to the surface of the slope is taken into account and the exterior characteristics of the rockfall is analyzed. We have derived the formula for calculating velocity of rocks before and after collision, calculated the impact load upon the structures below and the limit load, and compared the impact force and limit load to judge the safety of the structure. Finally, the validity of models is approved by the safety evaluation of cut-and-cover tunnel in the mouth of Heshang Mountain in Nandan County. | SONG Shuzhi KONG Jiming WANG Chenghua CHENG Zefu YANG Zongji | 2006 | Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences2006，11，4： | 5 |
| 11 | Amorphous Co-B/Al nanocomposites prepared by electroless coating technique and their excellent catalytic activity显示文摘To improve the catalytic activity of amorphous Co-B alloys, Co-B coated aluminum (Co-B/Al) nanocomposites were prepared by electroless coating technique and evaluated as additives for the catalytic performance of ammonium perchlorate (AP) and AP-based solid state propellants. X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), inductive coupled plasma emission spectrometry (ICP), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) as well as strand burner method were employed to characterize the crystal phase, morphologies, chemical composition, and catalytic activity of the as-synthesized material. The results show that a continuous layer of about 100 nm amorphous Co72.6B27.4 covers the surfaces of Al particles. Addition of the as-synthesized Co-B/Al nanocomposites as catalysts promotes AP decomposition, enhances the burning rate, and lowers the pressure exponent of the AP-based propellants considerably. | CHENG Zhipeng XU Jiming ZHONG Hui YANG Yi LI Fengsheng | 2010 | Rare Metals2010，29，1： | 5 |
| 12 | A hybrid CFD/characteristics method for fast characterization of hypersonic blunt forebody/inlet flow显示文摘A hybrid CFD/characteristic method(CCM) was proposed for fast design and evaluation of hypersonic inlet flow with nose bluntness, which targets the combined advantages of CFD and method of characteristics. Both the accuracy and efficiency of the developed CCM were verified reliably, and it was well demonstrated for the external surfaces design of a hypersonic forebody/inlet with nose bluntness. With the help of CCM method, effects of nose bluntness on forebody shock shapes and the flowfield qualities which dominate inlet performance were examined and analyzed on the two-dimensional and axisymmetric configurations. The results showed that blunt effects of a wedge forebody are more substantial than that of related cone cases. For a conical forebody with a properly blunted nose, a recovery of the shock front back to that of corresponding sharp nose is exhibited, accompanied with a gradually fading out of entropy layer effects. Consequently a simplification is thought to be reasonable for an axisymmetric inlet with a proper compression angle, and a blunt nose of limited radius can be idealized as a sharp nose, as the spillage and flow variations at the entrance are negligible, even though the nose scale increases to 10% cowl lip radius. Whereas for two-dimensional inlets, the blunt effects are substantial since not only the inlet capturing/starting capabilities, but also the flow uniformities are obviously degraded. | GAO WenZhi LI ZhuFei YANG JiMing | 2015 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2015，58，10： | 4 |
| 13 | Estimating the effects of meteorology on PM_(2.5) reduction during the 2008 Summer Olympic Games in Beijing, China显示文摘Particulate pollution was a critical challenge to the promise of good air quality during the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games,which took place from August 8th to 24th.To ensure good air quality for the Games,several temporary emission control measures were implemented in Beijing and surrounding areas.Ambient particulate matter concentration decreased significantly during the Olympic period;however,it is difficult to distinguish the effectiveness of those control measures since meteorology also affects ambient PM_(2.5) concentration.In this work,a multiple linear regression model based on continuous field monitoring at a roadside site was conducted to evaluate the effects of meteorology and emission control measures on the reduction of PM_(2.5) during the 2008 Olympic Games.The hourly data set was divided into two time periods,the no control period,June 22nd to July 4th,and the control period,July 28th to August 21st.The response variable was PM_(2.5) and the meteorology covariates used in the model were hourly temperature,dew point temperature,wind speed and precipitation.Wind direction was not a significant predictor of PM_(2.5) levels in either the control or the no control period.Using the meteorologically-based regression coefficients from the two time periods,meteorology was found to contribute to at least a 16%reduction in PM_(2.5) levels in the roadside microenvironment;while the pollution control measures contributed to at least a 43%reduction in PM_(2.5) levels. | Liu YANG Ye WU Jerry M.DAVIS Jiming HAO | 2011 | Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering2011，5，3： | 4 |
| 14 | Characteristics of chemical components in PM2.5 at a plateau city, South-west China显示文摘 | Jianwu SHI Xiang DING Yue ZHOU Ran YOU Lu HUANG Jiming HAO Feng XIANG Jian YANG Ze SHI Xinyu HAN Ping NING | 2016 | Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering2016，10，5： | 3 |
| 15 | Mass concentrations and temporal profiles of PM10, PM2.5 and PM1 near major urban roads in Beijing显示文摘下午 10, 下午 2.5 和下午 1 的集体集中在六个时期期间在北京在主要道路附近被测量:2001 的夏天和冬季, 2007 的冬季,和时期在前,在期间并且在 2008 个北京奥运会以后。自从为机动车辆的努力帮助了从车辆的快速的生长抵消排出物的增加的控制,在路边的平均下午 2.5 集中在一个相对小的范围上在在 2001 和 2008 之间的采样时期期间波动。与控制在奥林匹克期间测量的暂时的交通的实现,清楚的 V 塑造了弯曲证明在路边的微粒物质和另外的气体的空气污染物质的集中随着时间的过去被识别。分别地,下午 10, 下午 2.5, 公司并且不的平均集中从 6 月在 31.2% , 46.3% , 32.3% 和 35.4% 减少了到 8 月;这被所有空气污染物质的反弹在 2008 年 12 月跟随。主要道路附近的每日的下午 10 集中在非奥林匹克时期为 61.2% of the days 超过了国家周围的空气质量标准(等级 II ) ,当时仅仅为 12.5% 在奥林匹克期间。主要道路附近的下午 2.5/ 下午 10 的吝啬的比率在 0.55 点仍然保持相对稳定( | Liu YANG Ye WU Jiaqi LI Shaojie SONG Xuan ZHENG Jiming HAO | 2015 | Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering2015，9，4： | 3 |
| 16 | Kinetic Study on Liquid-Phase Hydrodesulfurization of FCC Diesel in Tubular Reactors显示文摘According to the characteristics of FCC diesel, a technology of liquid-phase hydrodesulfurization of the diesel in tubular reactors was proposed and lab-scale experiments were carried out. A kinetic model for the hydrodesulfurization process was developed and verified. The model was utilized to predict the sulfur content of products under different operating conditions. The effects of temperature, space velocity, pressure, and hydrogen concentration on the desulfurization rate were investigated. | Li Hua Yang Jinliang Weng Huixin Wang Jiming | 2015 | China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology2015，17，2： | 3 |
| 17 | Effect of aging treatment on microstructure and corrosion behavior of Al-Zn-Mg aluminum alloy in aqueous solutions with different aggressive ions显示文摘The microstructure and corrosion behavior of Al-Zn-Mg alloy(namely 7×××)after natural aging treatment(NAT)and artificial aging treatment(AAT)in aqueous NaCl solutions containing different aggressive ions have been investigated in current work.Results of microstructure characterization demonstrate that the aging treatment has a great influence on the grain size and precipitates.The grain size is relatively sizeable and no evident precipitates are observed in alloy after NAT comparable with that after AAT.The electrochemical corrosion behavior of alloy was studied by polarization curve and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS).The corrosion potential(E_(corr))of the aluminum alloy is more negative in 3.5 wt.%NaCl containing 0.052 wt.%NaHSO_(3)solution than that in 3.5 wt.%NaCl solutions with or without 0.907 wt.%NaHCO_(3).Charge transfer resistance(Rct)results reveal that alloy after AAT has an enhancement of corrosion resistance compare with that after NAT.With the immersion time increasing,mostly pitting spreads over the surface of the alloy only in NaCl solution,whereas exfoliation corrosion mainly occurs in NaCl solutions containing NaHSO_(3)or NaHCO_(3). | Pan Liu Lulu Hu Qinhao Zhang Cuiping Yang Zuosi Yu Jianqing Zhang Jiming Hu Fahe Cao | 2021 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2021，，5： | 3 |
| 18 | Scaling of interaction lengths for hypersonic shock wave/turbulent boundary layer interactions显示文摘The interaction length induced by Shock Wave/Turbulent Boundary-Layer Interactions(SWTBLIs)in the hypersonic flow was investigated using a scaling analysis,in which the interaction length normalized by the displacement thickness of boundary layer was correlated with a corrected non-dimensional separation criterion across the interaction after accounting for the wall temperature effects.A large number of hypersonic SWTBLIs were compiled to examine the scaling analysis over a wide range of Mach numbers,Reynolds numbers,and wall temperatures.The results indicate that the hypersonic SWTBLIs with low Reynolds numbers collapse on the supersonic SWTBLIs,while the hypersonic cases with high Reynolds numbers show a more rapid growth of the interaction length than that with low Reynolds numbers.Thus,two scaling relationships are identified according to different Reynolds numbers for the hypersonic SWTBLIs.The scaling analysis provides valuable guidelines for engineering prediction of the interaction length,and thus,enriches the knowledge of hypersonic SWTBLIs. | Yuting HONG Zhufei LI Jiming YANG | 2021 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2021，34，5： | 3 |
| 19 | The impact of transportation control measures on emission reductions during the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing, China显示文摘 | Yu Zhou Ye Wu Liu Yang Lixin Fu Kebin He Shuxiao Wang Jiming Hao Jinchuan Chen Chunyan Li | 2009 | Atmospheric Environment2009，，3： | 2 |
| 20 | A PRIORI ERROR ESTIMATES OF A COMBINED MIXED FINITE ELEMENT AND DISCONTINUOUS GALERKIN METHOD FOR COMPRESSIBLE MISCIBLE DISPLACEMENT WITH MOLECULAR DIFFUSION AND DISPERSION显示文摘为包括在多孔的媒介的分子的散开和分散的一种可压缩的能溶合的排水量问题的联合近似被学习。混合有限元素方法被用于流动方程,和运输一个人被对称的内部惩罚解决不连续的 Galerkin 方法(SIPG ) 。避免截止操作员的不方便在[3, 21 ] ,与在不同的一些正式就职假设[6 ] 被使用。基于插值设计性质,一个 priori hp 错误估计被获得。与仅仅处理散开盒子的存在错误分析作比较,当前的工作更复杂、更重要。[从作者抽象] | Jiming Yang Yanping Chen | 2011 | Journal of Computational Mathematics2011，29，1： | 2 |
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