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| 1 | Are Offshore RMB Arrangements the Basis for a Long-term Exchange Rate System without Convertibility?显示文摘This paper discusses China's relatively new structure of dual onshore and offshore RMB markets.Its distinguishing feature is both offshore trading at exchange rates that are market determined and onshore trading at exchange rates anchored at the official spot rate with capital account inconvertibility.We note that thus far the CNH and CNY spot rates have largely tracked each other,suggesting that the shadow price on the convertibility constraint onshore and also the offshore diversification benefit is close to zero.However,this could change in the future.We discuss the potential for the offshore RMB market to grow with trade settlement and bilateral swap arrangements in RMB,which would provide a big enough pool of liquidity for the RMB to become a vehicle currency and reserve currency.These potential developments will be restrained by onshore inconvertibility,but moving to convertibility seemingly implies major change in China's financial structure and the offshore RMB arrangements are only a small first step along this path.Crucial in this evolution of arrangements will be future Chinese growth performance and the relative attractiveness of onshore inconvertible but offshore marketable RMB relative to the debt laden and slow growth currencies of the USA,the EU and Japan. | John Whalley Hejing Chen | 2013 | China & World Economy2013，21，1： | 14 |
| 2 | Thermal expansion of kyanite at ambient pressure:An X-ray powder diffraction study up to 1000℃显示文摘The thermal expansion coefficients of kyanite at ambient pressure have been investigated by an X-ray powder diffraction technique with temperatures up to 1000℃.No phase transition was observed in the experimental temperature range.Data for the unit-cell parameters and temperatures were fitted empirically resulting in the following thermal expansion coefficients:α_a = 5.8(3)×10^(-5).α_b = 5.8 (1)×10^(-5),α_c = 5.2(1)×10^(-5),andα_V = 7.4(1)×10^(-3)℃^(-1),in good agreement with a recent neutron powder diffraction study.On the other hand,the variation of the unit-cell anglesα,βand y of kyanite with increase in temperature is very complicated,and the agreement among all studies is poor.The thermal expansion data at ambient pressure reported here and the compression data at ambient temperature from the literature suggest that,for the kyanite lattice,the most and least thermally expandable directions correspond to the most and least compressible directions,respectively. | Xi Liu Qiang He Hejing Wang Michael E. Fleet Xiaomin Hu | 2010 | Geoscience Frontiers2010，1，1： | 11 |
| 3 | Diagenesis and Metamorphism of Triassic Flysch Along Profile Zoige-Lushan,Northwest Sichuan,China显示文摘We used iilite and chlorite crystallinities,index minerals,mineral assemblages,polytype and domain size of white mica,electron microprobe analysis(EMPA),b_0 geobarometer and chlorite geothermometer to quantify the diagenetic and metamorphic overprint on the Triassic flysch formations in the Songpan-Garzêorogen along profile Zoigê-Lushan,northwest Sichuan.Two anchizones,two epizones,one diagenetic zone and a transition belt in-between them are defined on the basis of the obtained data.Illite crystallinity correlates strongly with the best mean domain size of mica and moderately with chlorite crystallinity.2M_1 white mica polytype are observed within the epizone whilst 2M_1 and 1M polytypes occur in the anchizone and diagenetic zone.Epizonal metamorphism reached maximum temperatures of 370℃±21℃at low-to intermediate pressure conditions.Clay minerals underwent Ostwald ripening during metamorphism.Rocks from both sides of the Longmenshan fault reveal contrasting degrees of metamorphic overprint:on the northwest side of the Longmenshan fault,epimetamorphic conditions contrast with diagenetic rocks on the southeast side. | WANG Hejing M. RAHN TAO Xiaofeng ZHENG Nan XU Tingjing | 2008 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2008，82，4： | 7 |
| 4 | Anchimetamorphism of the Neoproterozoic and the Lower Paleozoic along the Profile of Yuanguping in Western Hunan Province, China显示文摘The Neoproterozoic and Lower Paleozoic along the profile of Yuanguping in western Hunan Province,China underwent anchimetamorphism. The illite crystallinity (IC) of the <2 μm fractions ranges from 0.23-0.34°△2θfor the Neoproterozoic to 0.23-0.35°△2θ for the Lower Paleozoic (calibrated with the Kisch IC set, Kisch, 1991). This indicates that the metamorphic grade of the Neoproterozoic and Lower Paleozoic is the anchizone. The peak metamorphic temperature is estimated to be 290-210°C. This result does not agree with the greenschist or subgreenschist facies of the Banxi Group, nor with the lower-greenschist facies or sedimentary cover of the Sinian to Lower Paleozoic, as most previous researchers thought. The illite (K-mica) b0 values range from 0.9074 to 0.8963 (nm)for the Neoproterozoic and the Lower Paleozoic. Based on cumulative frequency curves of the illite (K-mica) b0, the peak metamorphic pressure of the Banxi Group was derived to be of a type that is slightly higher than that of the N. New Hampshire low-intermediate pressure type. Most illites occur as the 2M1 polytype and some in the Neoproterozoic as a mixture of the 2M1+1M types. The distributions of coherent scanning domains (CSDs) of illites along the profile,measured with the XRD method, display a lognormal model and spread out with decreasing Kubler Index of IC. It indicates that illites underwent an Ostwald ripening. The post-anchimetamorphic structural movement not only results in a series of faults but also induces the lattice strain in minerals along the faults and hence impacts the illite crystallinity and Causes diagenetic samples to occur within the anchizone. Compared with the cases in eastern and central Hunan Province, the Neoproterozoic and Lower Paleozoic rocks in the west underwent a lower-temperature anchimetamorphism with a pressure lower than that in the east and higher than that in the center of Hunan Province. | WANG Hejing, CHEN Tao, WANG Huan and ZHANG Zuqing'Orogene and Crust Evolution ' Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education of China School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871 | 2004 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2004，78，1： | 4 |
| 5 | Very Low-Grade Metamorphism of Clastic Rocks from the Meso-Neoproterozoic and the Paleozoic along the Profile Yueyang-Linxiang in Northeastern Hunan Province and Its Geological Implications显示文摘This study uses illite crystallinity,chlorite crystallinity,illite polytypes,the b_0 cell-dimension of K-white mica,clay mineral assemblages and mineral geothermo-geobarometers to investigate the overprint of diagenesis and metamorphism on the Meso-Neoproterozoic and the Lower Paleozoic along the profile Yueyang-Linxiang in northeastern Hunan Province,China.Illite crystallinity Kbler index(KI) of the <2μm fractions ranges from 0.225 to 0.485°Δ2θ while chlorite crystallinity Arkai index(AI) ranges from 0.244 to 1.500°Δ2θ.This indicates that the Meso-Neoproterozoic and the Lower Paleozoic along the profile Yueyang-Linxiang were overprinted with diagenesis and anchi- to epimetamorphism.Peak metamorphic temperature is estimated with the IV site chlorite geothermometer roughly at 360℃.The b_0 cell dimension values of illites(K-mica) range from 0.9002 to 0.9054 nm and,on average,at 0.9030 nm for the Meso-Neoproterozoic.Based on cumulative frequency curves of illite(K-mica) b_0 cell dimension,the peak metamorphic pressure of the MesoNeoproterozoic along the profile Yueyang-Linxiang is derived of an intermediate pressure type.Most illites occur in the 2M_1 polytype and some of them in a mixture of 2M1+1M types especially those in the Paleozoic.This result partly agrees with the conclusion of the lower greenschist and greenschist facies of the Lengjiaxi and Banxi Groups.However,it is not agreed with the sedimentary cover from the Sinian to the Lower Paleozoic or from the Banxi Group to the Lower Paleozoic.Crustal thickening due to 'collision' between the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks led to an increase in the thickness of the Meso-Neoproterozoic to ca.14 km and resulted in a temperature increase in those rocks due to burial.The very low grade to low grade metamorphism overprinting the Meso-Neoproterozoic implies that the so called 'Chiangnania or Jiangnan orogen' was no relative with the 'Grenvillian orogeney;instead,it might be a continuous amalgamation product between the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks. | WANG Hejing YUAN Lei WANG Ling ZHOU Zhao AN Jiali | 2016 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2016，90，5： | 3 |
| 6 | Gas-sensing performance enhancement in ZnO nanostructures by hierarchical morphology显示文摘 | Weiwei Guo Tianmo Liu Hejing Zhang Rong Sun Yong Chen Wen Zeng Zhongchang Wang | 2012 | Sensors & Actuators: B. Chemical2012，，： | 2 |
| 7 | Securities lending, shorting, and pricing显示文摘 | Darrell Duffie Nicolae Garleanu Lasse Heje Pedersen | 2002 | Journal of Financial Economics2002，，2： | 2 |
| 8 | Genetic heterogeneity oft h e β - g l o b i n g e n e i n v a r i o u sgeographic populations of YunnaninSouthwestern China显示文摘 | Zhang Jie HeJing Zeng Xiao-Hong | 2015 | PLoS One2015，10，01： | 1 |
| 9 | Predatory Trading显示文摘 | Brunnermeier Markus K Lasse Heje Pedersen | 2005 | Journal of Finance 60(4): 1825-632005，，： | 1 |
| 10 | China's Service Trade 显示文摘 | Hejing Chen John Whalley | 2014 | China''s Economy : A Collection of Surveys2014，，： | 1 |
| 11 | Patient evaluation of health care显示文摘 | Heje H N Gut R Vedsted P | 2009 | Ugeskr Laeger2009，171，20： | 1 |
| 12 | GCMSusedinstudyonthemechanism oftheviscosityreductionofheavyoilthroughaquathermolysiscatalyzedbyaromaticsulfonicH3PMo12O40显示文摘 | ChenYanling HeJing WangYuanqing etal | 2010 | Energy2010，35，8： | 1 |
| 13 | Simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification by microwave reactor with ammonium bicarbonate and zeolite显示文摘 | Wei Zaishan Lin Zhehang Niu Hejing | 2009 | Journal of Hazardous Materials2009，，162： | 1 |
| 14 | Value and Momentum Everywhere显示文摘 | CLIFFORD S. ASNESS TOBIAS J. MOSKOWITZ LASSE HEJE PEDERSEN | 2013 | The Journal of Finance2013，，3： | 1 |
| 15 | Liquidity and risk management显示文摘 | Garleanu Nicolae Pederson Lasse Heje | 2007 | American Economic Review2007，，5： | 1 |
| 16 | Analysis of chemical composition in cotton seed coat by Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) microspectroscopy显示文摘 | Yen Hejing Hua Zhaozhe Qian Cuodi | 2009 | Cellulose2009，16，6： | 1 |
| 17 | Asset pricing with liquidity risk显示文摘 | Viral V. Acharya Lasse Heje Pedersen | 2005 | Journal of Financial Economics2005，，2： | 1 |
| 18 | Electrochemical evaluation of total antioxidant capacities in fruit juice based on the guanine/graphene nanoribbon/glassy carbon electrode显示文摘 | YANG Yan ZHOU Jiawan ZHANG Hejing | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 19 | Securities Lending, Shorting, and Pricing 显示文摘 | Duffie Darrell Nicolae Garleanu Lasse Heje Pedersen | 2002 | Journal of Financial Economics2002，，66： | 1 |
| 20 | Value and Momentum Everywhere显示文摘 | CLIFFORD S. ASNESS TOBIAS J. MOSKOWITZ LASSE HEJE PEDERSEN | 2013 | The Journal of Finance2013，，3： | 1 |
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