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| 1 | 大数据对人文—经济地理学研究的促进与局限显示文摘大数据技术的诞生不仅快速推动着社会的进步,而且也将科学研究不断引向新的高度。以人类社会经济活动为主要研究对象的人文—经济地理学与当前大数据建设和发展趋势具有高度一致性,大数据的发展对丰富和完善人文—经济地理学势必起到积极的推动作用,同时也对人文—经济地理学的学科思维和研究方法提出了新的挑战。梳理和分析了目前大数据在人文—经济地理学主要研究领域,包括城市内部空间研究、交通与消费行为、社会空间与社会网络研究中的最近进展,以及大数据对参与式研究和决策平台的作用。着重剖析了大数据对人文—经济地理学数据获取,研究思维与范式,研究内容、研究时空尺度与研究目标等方面的促进作用与存在问题,特别是由于大数据自身发展的不完善,在数据收集特别是数据属性方面还存在很大的局限,缺乏理论基础将会使得大数据与实际应用受到很大限制,同时,数据本身也不能替代研究者思维和决策过程。因此,人文—经济地理学者应该科学对待大数据所带来的机遇,弥补和丰富以往发展中的短板,即完善学科数据建设、建立大数据应用较为完善的研究方法体系,促进跨域数据整合和跨域研究,以及推进研究对象和研究目的的转变。 | 杨振山 龙瀛 Nicolas DOUAY | 2015 | 地理科学进展2015，34，4： | 79 |
| 2 | Gut microbiota imbalance and colorectal cancer显示文摘The gut microbiota acts as a real organ. The symbiotic interactions between resident micro-organisms and the digestive tract highly contribute to maintain the gut homeostasis. However, alterations to the microbiome caused by environmental changes(e.g., infection, diet and/or lifestyle) can disturb this symbiotic relationship and promote disease, such as inflammatory bowel diseases and cancer. Colorectal cancer is a complex association of tumoral cells, non-neoplastic cells and a large amount of micro-organisms, and the involvement of the microbiota in colorectal carcinogenesis is becoming increasingly clear. Indeed, many changes in the bacterial composition of the gut microbiota have been reported in colorectal cancer, suggesting a major role of dysbiosis in colorectal carcinogenesis. Some bacterial species have been identified and suspected to play a role in colorectal carcinogenesis, such as Streptococcus bovis, Helicobacter pylori, Bacteroides fragilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Clostridium septicum, Fusobacterium spp. and Escherichia coli. The potential pro-carcinogenic effects of these bacteria are now better understood. In this review, we discuss the possible links between the bacterial microbiota and colorectal carcinogenesis, focusing on dysbiosis and the potential pro-carcinogenic properties of bacteria, such as genotoxicity and other virulence factors, inflammation, host defenses modulation, bacterial derived metabolism, oxidative stress and anti-oxidative defenses modulation. We lastly describe how bacterial microbiota modifications could represent novel prognosis markers and/or targets for innovative therapeutic strategies. | Johan Gagnière Jennifer Raisch Julie Veziant Nicolas Barnich Richard Bonnet Emmanuel Buc Marie-Agnès Bringer Denis Pezet Mathilde Bonnet | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，2： | 76 |
| 3 | Can Chinese Medicine Be Used for Prevention of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)? A Review of Historical Classics, Research Evidence and Current Prevention Programs显示文摘Objective:Since December 2019,an outbreak of corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)occurred in Wuhan,and rapidly spread to almost all parts of China.This was followed by prevention programs recommending Chinese medicine(CM)for the prevention.In order to provide evidenee for CM recommendations,we reviewed ancient classics and human studies.Methods:Historical records on prevention and treatment of infections in CM classics,clinical evidence of CM on the prevention of severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS)and H1N1 in flue nza,and CM preve ntion programs issued by health authorities in China since the COVID-19 outbreak were retrieved from differe nt databases and websites till 12 February,2020.Research evide nee in eluded data from clinical trials,cohort or other population studies using CM for preventing contagious respiratory virus diseases.Results:The use of CM to prevent epidemics of infectious diseases was traced back to ancient Chinese practice cited in Huangdi's Internal Classic(Huang Di Nei Jing)where preventive effects were recorded.There were 3 studies using CM for prevention of SARS and 4 studies for H1N1 influenza.None of the participants who took CM contracted SARS in the 3 studies.The infection rate of H1N1 in flue nza in the CM group was significantly lower than the non-CM group(relative risk 0.36,95%confidence interval 0.24-0.52;n=4).For prevention of COVID-19,23 provinces in China issued CM programs.The main principles of CM use were to tonify qi to protect from external pathoge ns,disperse wind and discharge heat,and resolve damp ness.The most frequently used herbs in eluded Radix astragali(Huangqi),Radix glycyrrhizae(Gancao),Radix saposhnikoviae(Fangfeng),Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae(Baizhu),Lonicerae Japonicae Flos(Jinyinhua),and Fructus forsythia(Lianqiao).Conclusions:Based on historical records and human evidenee of SARS and H1N1 influenza prevention,Chinese herbal formula could be an alternative approach for prevention of COVID-19 in high-risk population.Prospective,rigorous population studies are warranted to confirm the potential preventive effect of CM. | LUO Hui TANG Qiao-ling SHANG Ya-xi LIANG Shi-bing YANG Ming Nicola Robinson LIU Jian-ping | 2020 | Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine2020，26，4： | 61 |
| 4 | An updated estimation of the risk of transmission of the novel coronavirus(2019-nCov)显示文摘The basic reproduction number of an infectious agent is the average number of infections one case can generate over the course of the infectious period,in a naïve,uninfected population.It is well-known that the estimation of this number may vary due to several methodological issues,including different assumptions and choice of parameters,utilized models,used datasets and estimation period.With the spreading of the novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV)infection,the reproduction number has been found to vary,reflecting the dynamics of transmission of the coronavirus outbreak as well as the case reporting rate.Due to significant variations in the control strategies,which have been changing over time,and thanks to the introduction of detection technologies that have been rapidly improved,enabling to shorten the time from infection/symptoms onset to diagnosis,leading to faster confirmation of the new coronavirus cases,our previous estimations on the transmission risk of the 2019-nCoV need to be revised.By using time-dependent contact and diagnose rates,we refit our previously proposed dynamics transmission model to the data available until January 29th,2020 and re-estimated the effective daily reproduction ratio that better quantifies the evolution of the interventions.We estimated when the effective daily reproduction ratio has fallen below 1 and when the epidemics will peak.Our updated findings suggest that the best measure is persistent and strict self-isolation.The epidemics will continue to grow,and can peak soon with the peak time depending highly on the public health interventions practically implemented. | Biao Tang Nicola Luigi Bragazzi Qian Li Sanyi Tang Yanni Xiao Jianhong Wu | 2020 | Infectious Disease Modelling2020，5，1： | 54 |
| 5 | Role of microRNAs in translation regulation and cancer显示文摘MicroRNAs(miRNAs) are pervasively expressed and regulate most biological functions. They function by modulating transcriptional and translational programs and therefore they orchestrate both physiological and pathological processes, such as development, cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis and tumor growth. miRNAs work as small guide molecules in RNA silencing, by negatively regulating the expression of several genes both at mRNA and protein level, by degrading their mRNA target and/or by silencing translation. One of the most recent advances in the field is the comprehension of their role in oncogenesis. The number of miRNA genes is increasing and an alteration in the level of miRNAs is involved in the initiation, progression and metastases formation of several tumors. Some tumor types show a distinct miRNA signature that distinguishes them from normal tissues and from other cancer types. Genetic and biochemical evidence supports the essential role of miRNAs in tumor development. Although the abnormal expression of miRNAs in cancer cells is a widely accepted phenomenon, the cause of this dysregulation is still unknown. Here, we discuss the biogenesis of miRNAs, focusing on the mechanisms by which they regulate protein synthesis. In addition we debate on their role in cancer, highlighting their potential to become therapeutic targets. | Stefania Oliveto Marilena Mancino Nicola Manfrini Stefano Biffo | 2017 | World Journal of Biological Chemistry2017，8，1： | 60 |
| 6 | Surgical outcome after docetaxel-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally-advanced gastric cancer显示文摘AIM:To investigate feasibility,morbidity and surgical mortality of a docetaxel-based chemotherapy regimen randomly administered before or after gastrectomy in patients suffering from locally-advanced resectable gastric cancer.METHODS:Patients suffering from locally-advanced(T3-4 any N M0 or any T N1-3 M0)gastric carcinoma,staged with endoscopic ultrasound,bone scan,computed tomography,and laparoscopy,were assigned to receive four 21 d/cycles of TCF(docetaxel 75 mg/m 2 day 1,cisplatin 75 mg/m 2 day 1,and fluorouracil 300 mg/m 2 per day for days 1-14),either before(Arm A)or after(Arm B)gastrectomy.Operative morbidity,overall mortality,and severe adverse events were compared by intention-to-treat analysis.RESULTS:From November 1999 to November 2005,70 patients were treated.After preoperative TCF(Arm A),thirty-two(94%)resections were performed,85% of which were R0.Pathological response was complete in 4 patients(11.7%),and partial in 18(55%).No surgical mortality and 28.5%morbidity rate were observed,similar to those of immediate surgery arm(P= 0.86).Serious chemotherapy adverse events tended to be more frequent in arm B(23%vs 11%,P=0.07),with a single death per arm.CONCLUSION:Surgery following docetaxel-based chemotherapy was safe and with similar morbidity to immediate surgery in patients with locally-advanced resectable gastric carcinoma. | Roberto Biffi Nicola Fazio Fabrizio Luca Antonio Chiappa Bruno Andreoni Maria Giulia Zampino Arnaud Roth Jan Christian Schuller Giancarla Fiori Franco Orsi Guido Bonomo Cristiano Crosta Olivier Huber | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，7： | 43 |
| 7 | Endoscopic submucosal dissection vs endoscopic mucosal resection for early gastric cancer: A meta-analysis显示文摘AIM: To compare endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD) and endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR) for early gastric cancer(EGC).METHODS: Computerized bibliographic search was performed on PubMed/Medline, Embase, Google Schol-ar and Cochrane library databases. Quality of each included study was assessed according to current Co-chrane guidelines. Primary endpoints were en bloc re-section rate and histologically complete resection rate. Secondary endpoints were length of procedure, post-treatment bleeding, post-procedural perforation and re-currence rate. Comparisons between the two treatment groups across all the included studies were performed by using Mantel-Haenszel test for fixed-effects mod-els(in case of low heterogeneity) or DerSimonian and Laird test for random-effects models(in case of high heterogeneity).RESULTS: Ten retrospective studies(8 full text and 2 abstracts) were included in the meta-analysis. Overall data on 4328 lesions, 1916 in the ESD and 2412 in the EMR group were pooled and analyzed. The mean operation time was longer for ESD than for EMR(stan-dardized mean difference 1.73, 95%CI: 0.52-2.95, P =0.005) and the 'en bloc ' and histological complete re-section rates were significantly higher in the ESD group [OR = 9.69(95%CI: 7.74-12.13), P < 0.001 and OR = 5.66,(95%CI: 2.92-10.96), P < 0.001, respectively]. As a consequence of its greater radicality, ESD provided lower recurrence rate [OR = 0.09,(95%CI: 0.05-0.17), P < 0.001]. Among complications, perforation rate was significantly higher after ESD [OR = 4.67,(95%CI, 2.77-7.87), P < 0.001] whereas the bleeding incidences did not differ between the two techniques [OR = 1.49(0.6-3.71), P = 0.39].CONCLUSION: In the endoscopic therapy of EGC, ESD showed a superior efficacy but higher complication rate with respect to EMR. | Antonio Facciorusso Matteo Antonino Marianna Di Maso Nicola Muscatiello | 2014 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2014，6，11： | 50 |
| 8 | An Update on Abscisic Acid Signaling in Plants and More显示文摘 | Aleksandra Wasilewsk.a Florina Vlad Caroline Sirichandra Yulia Redko Fabien Jammes Christiane Valon Nicolas Frei dit Frey Jeffrey Leung | 2008 | Molecular Plant2008，1，2： | 46 |
| 9 | 估测作物冠层生物量的新植被指数的研究显示文摘冠层鲜生物量是指示作物长势状况的重要指标, 可用于诊断作物氮素营养状况。但常规测定生物量的方法需要破坏性取样,不利于帮助精准施肥管理决策。遥感技术作为快速分析手段可用于估测作物多种生理、生化参数,特别是借助植被指数。研究表明归一化差值植被指数(normalized difference vegetation index, NDVI)、最优土壤调节指数(optimization of soil-adjusted vegetation index, OSAVI)等现已构建植被指数可用于准确估测中低生物量信息,但在较高冠层生物量条件下,它们的估测能力显著下降。文章旨在提出更通用的新植被指数用于估测冠层生物量,以提高遥感技术在较高生物量条件下的预测准确度。试验在加拿大魁北克省的St-Jean-sur-Richelieu地区进行,5年(2004~2008)试验中采集了玉米及小麦不同生育期的地面高光谱数据及对应生物量信息,并在2005年获取航空机载高光谱影像一景(compact airborne spectrographic imager, CASI)。研究提出了红边三角植被指数(red-edge triangular vegetation index, RTVI),并将其与一些常见植被指数进行比较分析。结果表明RTVI是最好的估测冠层生物量的指数,在较高生物量条件下仍保持其对生物量变化的高敏感性,其与生物量间的决定系数为0.96。基于CASI影像,RTVI预测生物量值与实际测定值间的决定系数(R2)为0.58,预测标准误差为0.44 kg·m-2,取得了较好的结果。 | 陈鹏飞 Nicolas Tremblay 王纪华 Philippe Vigneault 黄文江 李保国 | 2010 | 光谱学与光谱分析2010，30，2： | 41 |
| 10 | TRPV1 and TRPA1 in cutaneous neurogenic and chronic inflammation: pro-inflammatory response induced by their activation and their sensitization显示文摘皮肤的神经原的发炎(CNI ) 是被导致的发炎(或提高) 在由从感觉神经末端的 neuropeptides 的版本的皮肤。临床的表明主要是象瘙痒和红斑那样的感觉、脉管的混乱。短暂受体潜力 vanilloid 1 并且 ankyrin 1 (TRPV1 和 TRPA1,分别地) 是知道明确地参予疼痛和 CNI 的非选择的阳离子隧道。TRPV1 和 TRPA1 在感觉神经的一个大子集被共同表示,在他们集成众多的有害刺激的地方。两条隧道的表示也在皮肤在感觉神经以外远延长,现在是清楚的,在 keratinocytes,桅杆房间,树枝状的房间,和 endothelial 房间也发生。在这些 non-neuronal 房间, TRPV1 和 TRPA1 也充当 nociceptive 传感器并且加强煽动性的过程。这评论在在感觉神经原和 non-neuronal 皮肤房间导致或维持 CNI 的煽动性的基因的调整讨论 TRPV1 和 TRPA1 的角色。另外,这评论由支持 CNI 的自我维护的另外的内长的煽动性的调停人提供关于两条 TRP 隧道的细胞内部的促进感受性小径的当前的研究的一篇摘要。 | Olivier Gouin Killian L'Herondelle Nicolas Lebonvallet Christelle Le Gall-lanotto Mehdi Sakka Virginie Buhe Emmanuelle PIee-Gautier Jean-Luc Carre Luc Lefeuvre Laurent Misery~,Raphaele Le Garrec | 2017 | Protein & Cell2017，8，9： | 45 |
| 11 | Managements of recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation: A systematic review显示文摘AIM: To investigate the efficacy(survival) and safety of treatments for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) in liver transplantation(LT) patients.METHODS: Literature search was performed on available online databases without a time limit until January 2015. Clinical studies describing survival after HCC recurrence in LT patients were retrieved for a fulltext evaluation. A total of 61 studies were selected: 13 case reports, 41 retrospective case series, and 7 retrospective comparative studies.RESULTS: Based on all included studies, the mean HCC recurrence rate was 16% of all LTs for HCC. A total of 1021 LT patients experienced HCC recurrence. The median time from LT to HCC recurrence was 13 mo(range 2-132 mo). The majority of patients(67%) presented with HCC extra-hepatic recurrences, involving lung, bone, adrenal gland, peritoneal lymph nodes, and rarely the brain. Overall survival after HCC recurrence was 12.97 mo. Surgical resection of localized HCC recurrence and Sorafenib for controlling systemic spread of HCC recurrence were associated with the higher survival rates(42 and 18 mo, res-pectively). However, Sorafenib, especially when combined with m TOR, was frequently associated with severe side effects that required dose reduction or discontinuation CONCLUSION: Management of recurrent HCC in LT patients is challenging and associated with poor prognosis independently of the type of treatment. | Nicola de'Angelis Filippo Landi Maria Clotilde Carra Daniel Azoulay | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，39： | 42 |
| 12 | Colorectal cancer population screening programs worldwide in 2016: An update显示文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in the world.The incidence and mortality show wide geographical variations.Screening is recommended to reduce both incidence and mortality.However,there are significant differences among studies in implementation strategies and detection.This review aimed to present the results and strategies of different screening programs worldwide.We reviewed the literature on national and international screening programs published in Pub Med,on web pages,and in clinical guidelines.CRC Screening programs are currently underway in most European countries,Canada,specific regions in North and South America,Asia,and Oceania.The most extensive screening strategies were based on fecal occult blood testing,and more recently,the fecal immunochemical test(FIT).Participation in screening has varied greatly among different programs.The Netherlands showed the highest participation rate(68.2%)and some areas of Canada showed the lowest(16%).Participation rates were highest among women and in programs that used the FIT test.Men exhibited the greatest number of positive results.The FIT test has been the most widely used screening program worldwide.The advent of this test has increased participation rates and the detection of positive results. | Mercedes Navarro Andrea Nicolas Angel Ferrandez Angel Lanas | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，20： | 43 |
| 13 | Assessing the quality of studies in meta-analyses: Advantages and limitations of the Newcastle Ottawa Scale显示文摘One of the most important points in the meta-analyses is certainly represented by the assessment of the quality of the studies included in such research. The meta-analyses are considered the highest level of evidence in science. Also for this reason, the quality of the studies included should be accurately evaluated by standardized tools. The overall results of the metaanalysis depend indeed also on a rigorous evaluation of the studies quality. Among all the possible tools for this complex evaluation, the Newcastle Ottawa Scale(NOS) is one of the most used worldwide, above all for observational studies. In this review, we will discuss the strengths and limitation of the NOS, also on the basis of the branch of science in which it has been applied. | Claudio Luchini Brendon Stubbs Marco Solmi Nicola Veronese | 2017 | World Journal of Meta-Analysis2017，5，4： | 35 |
| 14 | Short-term clinical outcomes of laparoscopic vs open rectal excision for rectal cancer: A systematic review and metaanalysis显示文摘AIM To review evidence on the short-term clinical outcomes of laparoscopic(LRR) vs open rectal resection(ORR) for rectal cancer.METHODS A systematic literature search was performed using Cochrane Central Register, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Open Grey and Clinical Trials.gov register for randomized clinical trials(RCTs) comparing LRR vs ORR for rectal cancer and reporting short-term clinical outcomes. Articles published in English from January 1, 1995 to June, 30 2016 that met the selection criteria were retrieved and reviewed. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis(PRISMA) statements checklist for reporting a systematic review was followed. Random-effect models were used to estimate mean differences and risk ratios. The robustness and heterogeneity of the results were explored by performing sensitivity analyses. The pooledeffect was considered significant when P < 0.05.RESULTS Overall, 14 RCTs were included. No differences were found in postoperative mortality(P = 0.19) and morbidity(P = 0.75) rates. The mean operative time was 36.67 min longer(95%CI: 27.22-46.11, P < 0.00001), the mean estimated blood loss was 88.80 ml lower(95%CI:-117.25 to-60.34, P < 0.00001), and the mean incision length was 11.17 cm smaller(95%CI:-13.88 to-8.47, P < 0.00001) for LRR than ORR. These results were confirmed by sensitivity analyses that focused on the four major RCTs. The mean length of hospital stay was 1.71 d shorter(95%CI:-2.84 to-0.58, P < 0.003) for LRR than ORR. Similarly, bowel recovery(i.e., day of the first bowel movement) was 0.68 d shorter(95%CI:-1.00 to-0.36, P < 0.00001) for LRR. The sensitivity analysis did not confirm a significant difference between LRR and ORR for these latter two parameters. The overall quality of the evidence was rated as high. CONCLUSION LRR is associated with lesser blood loss, smaller incision length, and longer operative times compared to ORR. No differences are observed for postoperative morbidity and mortality. | Aleix Martínez-Pérez Maria Clotilde Carra Francesco Brunetti Nicola de'Angelis | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，44： | 33 |
| 15 | Vascular invasion in pancreatic cancer:Imaging modalities,preoperative diagnosis and surgical management显示文摘Pancreatic cancer is associated with a poor prognosis,and surgical resection remains the only chance for curative therapy.In the absence of metastatic disease,which would preclude resection,assessment of vascular invasion is an important parameter for determining resectability of pancreatic cancer.A frequent error is to misdiagnose an involved major vessel.Obviously,surgical exploration with pathological examination remains the'gold standard'in terms of evaluation of resectability,especially from the point of view of vascular involvement.However,current imaging modalities have improved and allow detection of vascular invasion with more accuracy.A venous resection in pancreatic cancer is a feasible technique and relatively reliable.Nevertheless,a survival benefit is not achieved by curative resection in patients with pancreatic cancer and vascular invasion.Although the discovery of an arterial invasion during the operation might require an aggressive management,discovery before the operation should be considered as a contraindication.Detection of vascular invasion remains one of the most important challenges in pancreatic surgery.The aim of this article is to provide a complete review of the different imaging modalities in the detection of vascular invasion in pancreatic cancer. | Nicolas C Buchs Michael Chilcott Pierre-Alexandre Poletti Leo H Buhler Philippe Morel | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，7： | 29 |
| 16 | Drug-induced liver injury:Is it somehow foreseeable?显示文摘The classic view on the pathogenesis of drug-induced liver injury is that the so-called parent compounds are made hepatotoxic by metabolism (formation of neosubstances that react abnormally), mainly by cytochromes P-450 (CYP), with further pathways, such as mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis, also playing a role. Risk factors for drug-induced liver injury include concomitant hepatic diseases, age and genetic polymorphisms of CYP. However, some susceptibility can today be predicted before drug administration, working on the common substrate, by phenotyping and genotyping studies and by taking in consideration patients' health status. Physicians should always think of this adverse effect in the absence of other clear hepatic disease. Ethical and legal problems towards operators in the health care system are always matters to consider. | Giovanni Tarantino Matteo Nicola Dario Di Minno Domenico Capone | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，23： | 30 |
| 17 | 喀喇昆仑断裂的形成时代:锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄的制约显示文摘喀喇昆仑断裂的形成时代对青藏高原形成演化、变形过程的研究具有重要意义.在断裂东南段阿伊拉日居山地区,沿断裂出露具高温右旋剪切应变特征的糜棱岩和糜棱岩化片麻岩-花岗岩,因此,利用变形岩石中锆石的SHRIMP U-Pb年龄来制约断裂的形成时代和变形历史.变形岩石中同构造结晶锆石的U-Pb同位素年龄,暗示了喀喇昆仑断裂的形成时代至少为距今约27Ma以前,比前人观点至少早约10Ma;大规模的高温右旋剪切活动至少在距今27~20Ma期间,并且伴随同构造淡色花岗岩的产生;剪切变形过程中伴随大量热液流体作用时限至少在距今25-13Ma期间.喀喇昆仑断裂的生长可能是由南东向北西扩展的过程,是印度板块与欧亚大陆持续碰撞的结果. | 李海兵 Franck Valli 刘敦一 许志琴 杨经绥 Nicolas Arnaud Paul Tapponnier Robin Lacassin 陈松永 戚学祥 | 2007 | 科学通报2007，52，4： | 26 |
| 18 | Transarterial chemoembolization:Evidences from the literature and applications in hepatocellular carcinoma patients显示文摘Transarterial chemoembolization(TACE) is the current standard of care for patients with large or multinodular hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), preserved liver function, absence of cancer-related symptoms and no evidence of vascular invasion or extrahepatic spread(i.e., those classified as intermediate stage according to the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer staging system). The rationale for TACE is that the intra-arterial injection of a chemotherapeutic drug such as doxorubicin or cisplatin followed by embolization of the blood vessel will result in a strong cytotoxic effect enhanced by ischemia. However, TACE is a very heterogeneous operative technique and varies in terms of chemotherapeutic agents, treatment devices and schedule. In order to overcome the major drawbacks of conventional TACE(c TACE), non-resorbable drug-eluting beads(DEBs) loaded with cytotoxic drugs have been developed. DEBs are able to slowly release the drug upon injection and increase the intensity and duration of ischemia while enhancing the drug delivery to the tumor. Unfortunately, despite the theoretical advantages of this new device and the promising results of the pivotal studies, definitive data in favor of its superiority over c TACE are still lacking. The recommendation for TACE as the standard-of-care for intermediate-stage HCC is based on the demonstration of improved survival compared with best supportive care or suboptimal therapies in a meta-analysis of six randomized controlled trials, but other therapeutic options(namely, surgery and radioembolization) proved competitive in selected subsets of intermediate HCC patients. Other potential fields of application of TACE in hepato-oncology are the pre-transplant setting(as downstaging/bridging treatment) and the early stage(in patients unsuitable to curative therapy). The potential of TACE in selectedadvanced patients with segmental portal vein thrombosis and preserved liver function deserves further reports. | Antonio Facciorusso Raffaele Licinio Nicola Muscatiello Alfredo Di Leo Michele Barone | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，16： | 25 |
| 19 | Foveal avascular zone area and parafoveal vessel density measurements in different stages of diabetic retinopathy by optical coherence tomography angiography显示文摘AIM:To investigate foveal avascular zone(FAZ) and parafoveal vessel densities(PRVD) by means of optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA) in diabetic patients with or without diabetic retinopathy(DR) and to assess the reproducibility of FAZ and PRVD measurements.METHODS:Sixty diabetic patients(60 eyes) with different stage of DR(graded according to the International Clinical Severity Scale for DR) and 20 healthy subjects underwent FAZ area and PRVD measurements using OCTA by two experienced examiners.FAZ area in all patients was also assessed using fluorescein angiography(FA).RESULTS:In subject with proliferative DR and with moderate-severe non proliferative DR,FAZ area was significantly increased compared to healthy controls(P=0.025 and P=0.050 respectively measured with OCTA and P=0.025 and P=0.048 respectively measured with FA).OCTA showed significantly less inter-observer variability compared to FA.Concordance correlation coefficient(CCC) for FAZ area measurements was 0.829(95%CI:0.736-0.891) P<0.001 with FA and 1.000(95%CI:0.999-1.000) P<0.001 with OCTA.CCC was 0.834(95%CI:0.746-0.893) P<0.001 and 0.890(95%CI:0.828-0.930) P<0.001 for parafoveal superficial and deep vessel density measurements,respectively.CONCLUSION:OCTA shows progressive increase of FAZ area and reduction of PRVD in both superficial and deep plexus at increasing DR severity.FAZ area and PRVD measurements using OCTA are highly reproducible. | Rodolfo Mastropasqua Lisa Toto Alessandra Mastropasqua Raffaella Aloia Chiara De Nicola Peter A Mattei Guido Di Marzio Marta Di Nicola Luca Di Antonio | 2017 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2017，10，10： | 26 |
| 20 | Hepatitis B virus burden in developing countries显示文摘Hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection has shown an intermediate or high endemicity level in low-income countries over the last five decades. In recent years, however, the incidence of acute hepatitis B and the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen chronic carriers have decreased in several countries because of the HBV universal vaccination programs started in the nineties. Some countries, however, are still unable to implement these programs, particularly in their hyperendemic rural areas. The diffusion of HBV infection is still wide in several low-income countries where the prevention, management and treatment of HBV infection are a heavy burden for the governments and healthcare authorities. Of note, the information on the HBV epidemiology is scanty in numerous eastern European and Latin-American countries. The studies on molecular epidemiology performed in some countries provide an important contribution for a more comprehensive knowledge of HBV epidemiology, and phylogenetic studies provide information on the impact of recent and older migratory flows. | Rosa Zampino Adriana Boemio Caterina Sagnelli Loredana Alessio Luigi Elio Adinolfi Evangelista Sagnelli Nicola Coppola | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，42： | 25 |
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