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| 1 | Effect of proteins,polysaccharides,and particle sizes on sludge dewaterability显示文摘Four batch experiments of hydrolysis and acidification were carried out to investigate the distributions of proteins(PN) and polysaccharides(PS) in the sludge,the PN/PS ratio,the particle sizes,and their relationship with sludge dewaterability(as determined by capillary suction time,CST) . The sludge flocs were stratified through centrifugation-and ultrasound-based method into four fractions:(1) slime,(2) loosely bound extracellular polymeric substances(LB-EPS) ,(3) tightly bound EPS(TB-EPS) ,and(4) pellet. The results showed that PN was mainly partitioned in the pellet(80.7%) and TB-EPS(9.6%) fractions,while PS distributed evenly in the four fractions. During hydrolysis and acidification,PN was transferred from the pellet and TB-EPS fractions to the slime fraction,but PS had no significant transfer trends. The mean particle sizes of the sludge flocs decreased with hydrolysis and acidification. The pH had a more significant influence on the dewaterability of sludge flocs than temperature. Sludge dewaterability during hydrolysis and acidification processes greatly deteriorated from 9.7 s at raw sludge to 340-450 s under alkaline conditions. However,it was just slightly increased under acidic conditions. Further investigation suggested that CST was affected by soluble PN,soluble PN/PS,and particle sizes of sludge flocs,but was affected slightly by total PN,PS,or PN/PS in the whole sludge flocs and other fractions(except slime) . | SHAO Liming,HE Peipei,YU Guanghui,HE Pinjing State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse,Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment,College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China | 2009 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2009，21，1： | 37 |
| 2 | Effects of ultrasonic pretreatment on sludge dewaterability and extracellular polymeric substances distribution in mesophilic anaerobic digestion显示文摘Effect of ultrasonic pretreatment on sludge dewaterability was determined and the fate of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) matrix in mesophilic anaerobic digestion after ultrasonic pretreatment was studied. Characteristics of proteins (PN), polysaccharides (PS), excitation-emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular weight (MW) distribution of dissolved organic matters (DOM) in different EPS fractions were evaluated. The results showed that after ultrasonic pretreatment, the normalized capillary suction time (CST) decreased from 44.4 to 11.1 (sec·L)/g total suspended solids (TSS) during anaerobic digestion, indicating that sludge dewaterability was greatly improved. The normalized CST was significantly correlated with PN concentration (R2 = 0.92, p < 0.01) and the PN/PS ratio (R2 = 0.84, p < 0.01) in the loosely bound EPS (LB-EPS) fraction. Meanwhile, the average MW of DOM in the LB- EPS and tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS) fractions also had a good correlation with the normalized CST (R2 > 0.66, p < 0.01). According to EEM fluorescence spectroscopy, tryptophan-like substances intensities in the slime, LB-EPS and TB-EPS fractions were correlated with the normalized CST. The organic matters in the EPS matrix played an important role in influencing sludge dewaterability. | Liming Shao Guanzhao Wang Huacheng Xu Guanghui Yu Pinjing He | 2010 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2010，22，3： | 29 |
| 3 | Humification characterization of biochar and its potential as a composting amendment显示文摘Biochar has received increasing attention due to its applications as a soil amendment. Here, the chemical properties of solid and water-extractable fractions of four biochar samples were investigated. The results showed that wood biochar and bamboo biochar samples were 60%–80% more hydrophobic than those of rice husk biochar and rice husk ash. In addition, the acidity was 3.88 mmol/g from the total functional groups and 1.03 mmol/g from the carboxyl groups/lactones/phenols found in the wood biochar sample, which were about 1.5 times greater than those of the bamboo biochar sample. These functional groups could be used to determine the sorptive capacity of biochar for ionic solutes and water content and to increase the degradation of compost organics. The wood biochar sample was found to have the most humification materials(fulvic acid-like material + humic acid-like material) in the water-extractable fraction, which was 3–10 times higher than that in the rice husk biochar and rice husk ash; humified materials were not detected in the bamboo biochar sample. Humification materials in biochar may be involved in increasing the proportion of humic acid-like materials in humic-like substances within the compost product. Wood biochar had better hydrophobic, sorptive, aromatic, and humification properties compared to other biochars, suggesting that it may be used in composting in order to exert its effect as both a bulking agent and a composting amendment during the solid waste composting process. | Jining Zhang Fan L Chenghao Luo Liming Shao Pinjing He | 2014 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2014，26，2： | 21 |
| 4 | Recovery of phosphorus as struvite from sewage sludge ash显示文摘Phosphorus(P) is an element vital for all living organisms,yet the world's reserves of phosphate rock are becoming depleted.This study investigated an effective P recovery method from sludge ash via struvite precipitation.Results showed that more than 95% of the total P content was extracted from sludge ash by applying 0.5 mol/L HCl at a liquid/solid ratio of 50 mL/g.Although heavy metal leaching also occurred during P extraction,cation exchange resin efficiently removed the heavy metals from the P-rich solution.Orthogonal tests showed that the optimal parameters for P precipitation as struvite would be a Mg:N:P molar ratio of 1.6:1.6:1 at pH 10.0.X-ray diffraction analysis validated the formation of struvite.Further investigations revealed that the harvested precipitate had a high struvite content(97%),high P bioavailability(94%),and low heavy metal content,which could be considered a high quality fertilizer. | Huacheng Xu Pinjing He Weimei Gu Guanzhao Wang Liming Shao | 2012 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2012，24，8： | 15 |
| 5 | Release of volatile organic compounds during bio-drying of municipal solid waste显示文摘Three treatments were tested to investigate the release concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during the bio-drying of municipal solid waste (MSW) by the aerobic and combined hydrolytic-aerobic processes.Results showed that VOCs were largely released in the first 4 days of bio-drying and the dominant components were:dimethyl disulfide,dimethyl sulfide,benzene,2-butanone,limonene and methylene chloride.Thus,the combined hydrolytic-aerobic process was suggested for MSW bio-drying due to fewer aeration quantities in this phase when compared with the aerobic process,and the treatment strategies should base on the key properties of these prominent components.Malodorous sulfur compounds and terpenes were mainly released in the early phase of bio-drying,whereas,two peaks of release concentrations appeared for aromatics and ketones during bio-drying.Notably,for the combined hydrolytic-aerobic processes there were also high concentrations of released aromatics in the shift from hydrolytic to aerobic stages.High concentrations of released chlorinateds were observed in the later phase.For the VOCs produced during MSW bio-drying,i.e.,malodorous sulfur compounds,terpenes and chlorinateds,their release concentrations were mainly determined by production rates;for the VOCs presented initially in MSW,such as aromatics,their transfer and transport in MSW mainly determined the release concentrations. | Pinjing He,Jiafu Tang,Dongqing Zhang,Yang Zeng,Liming ShaoState Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse,Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment,College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China. | 2010 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2010，22，5： | 13 |
| 6 | Effect of ultrasonic pretreatment on anaerobic digestion and its sludge dewaterability显示文摘To investigate the effect of ultrasonic pretreatment on anaerobic digestion and sludge dewaterability and further to probe into the influencing factors on sludge dewaterability,sludge flocs were stratified into four fractions: (1) slime;(2) loosely bound extracellular polymeric substances (LB-EPS);(3) tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS);and (4) EPS-free pellets.The results showed that ultrasonic pretreatment increased the anaerobic digestion efficiency by 7%–8%.Anaerobic digestion without ultrasonic pretreatment deteriorated the sludge dewaterability,with the capillary suction time (CST) increased from 1.42 to 47.3 (sec·L)/g-TSS.The application of ultrasonic pretreatment firstly deteriorated the sludge dewaterability (normalized CST increased to 44.4 (sec·L)/g-TSS),while subsequent anaerobic digestion offset this effect and ultimately decreased the normalized CST to 23.2 (sec·L)/g-TSS.The dewaterability of unsonicated sludge correlated with protein (p = 0.003) and polysaccharide (p = 0.004) concentrations in the slime fraction,while that of sonicated sludge correlated with protein concentrations in the slime and LB-EPS fractions (p < 0.05).Fluorescent excitationemission matrix analysis showed that the fluorescence matters in the LB-EPS fraction significantly correlated with sludge dewaterability during anarobic digestion. | Huacheng Xu Pinjing He Guanghui Yu Liming Shao | 2011 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2011，23，9： | 13 |
| 7 | Insight-HXMT observations of the first binary neutron star merger GW170817显示文摘Finding the electromagnetic(EM) counterpart of binary compact star merger, especially the binary neutron star(BNS) merger,is critically important for gravitational wave(GW) astronomy, cosmology and fundamental physics. On Aug. 17, 2017,Advanced LIGO and Fermi/GBM independently triggered the first BNS merger, GW170817, and its high energy EM counterpart,GRB 170817 A, respectively, resulting in a global observation campaign covering gamma-ray, X-ray, UV, optical, IR, radio as well as neutrinos. The High Energy X-ray telescope(HE) onboard Insight-HXMT(Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope) is the unique high-energy gamma-ray telescope that monitored the entire GW localization area and especially the optical counterpart(SSS17 a/AT2017 gfo) with very large collection area(~1000 cm^2) and microsecond time resolution in 0.2-5 MeV. In addition,Insight-HXMT quickly implemented a Target of Opportunity(ToO) observation to scan the GW localization area for potential X-ray emission from the GW source. Although Insight-HXMT did not detect any significant high energy(0.2-5 MeV) radiation from GW170817, its observation helped to confirm the unexpected weak and soft nature of GRB 170817 A. Meanwhile,Insight-HXMT/HE provides one of the most stringent constraints(~10^(-7) to 10^(-6) erg/cm^2/s) for both GRB170817 A and any other possible precursor or extended emissions in 0.2-5 MeV, which help us to better understand the properties of EM radiation from this BNS merger. Therefore the observation of Insight-HXMT constitutes an important chapter in the full context of multi-wavelength and multi-messenger observation of this historical GW event. | TiPei Li ShaoLin Xiong ShuangNan Zhang FangJun Lu LiMing Song XueLei Cao Zhi Chang Gang Chen Li Chen TianXiang Chen Yong Chen YiBao Chen YuPeng Chen Wei Cui WeiWei Cui JingKang Deng YongWei Dong YuanYuan Du MinXue Fu GuanHua Gao He Gao Min Gao MingYu Ge YuDong Gu Ju Guan ChengCheng Guo DaWei Han Wei Hu Yue Huang Jia Huo ShuMei Jia LuHua Jiang WeiChun Jiang Jing Jin YongJie Jin Bing Li ChengKui Li Gang Li MaoShun Li Wei Li Xian Li XiaoBo Li XuFang Li YanGuo Li ZiJian Li ZhengWei Li XiaoHua Liang JinYuan Liao CongZhan Liu GuoQing Liu HongWei Liu ShaoZhen Liu XiaoJing Liu Yuan Liu YiNong Liu Bo Lu XueFeng Lu Tao Luo Xiang Ma Bin Meng Yi Nang JianYin Nie Ge OU JinLu Qu Na Sai Liang Sun Yin Tan Lian Tao WenHui Tao YouLi Tuo GuoFeng Wang HuanYu Wang Juan Wang WenShuai Wang YuSa Wang XiangYang Wen BoBing WU Mei Wu GuangCheng Xiao He Xu YuPeng Xu LinLi Yan JiaWei Yang Sheng Yang YanJi Yang AiMei Zhang ChunLei Zhang ChengMo Zhang Fan Zhang HongMei Zhang Juan Zhang Qiang Zhang Shu Zhang Tong Zhang Wei Zhang WanChang Zhang WenZhao Zhang Yi Zhang Yue Zhang YiFei Zhang YongJie Zhang Zhao Zhang ZiLiang Zhang HaiSheng Zhao JianLing Zhao XiaoFan Zhao ShiJie Zheng Yue Zhu YuXuan Zhu ChangLin Zou | 2018 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2018，61，3： | 12 |
| 8 | Thermal stabilization of chromium slag by sewage sludge: Effects of sludge quantity and temperature显示文摘To investigate the feasibility of detoxifying chromium slag by sewage sludge,synthetic chromium slag containing 3% of Cr(VI) was mixed with sewage sludge followed by thermal treatment in nitrogen gas for stabilizing chromium.The effects of slag to sludge ratio(0.5,1 and 2) and temperature(200,300,500,700 and 900°C) on treatment efficiency were investigated.During the mixing process before thermal treatment,59.8%-99.7% of Cr(VI) was reduced,but Cr could be easily leached from the reduction product.Increasing heating temperature and decreasing slag to sludge ratio strengthened the reduction and stabilization of Cr(VI).When the slag to sludge ratio was 0.5 and thermal treatment temperature was 300°C,the total leached Cr and Cr(VI) declined to 0.55 mg/L and 0.17 mg/L respectively,and 45.5% of Cr in the thermally treated residue existed as residual fraction.A two-stage mechanism was proposed for the reduction and stabilization of Cr. | Changlin Wu,Hua Zhang,Pinjing He,Liming Shao State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse,Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment,College of Environmental Science & Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China. | 2010 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2010，22，7： | 11 |
| 9 | Metal distribution characteristic of MSWI bottom ash in view of metal recovery显示文摘Bottom ash is the major by-product of municipal solid waste incineration(MSWI), and is often reused as an engineering material, such as road-base aggregate. However, some metals(especially aluminum) in bottom ash can react with water and generate gas that could cause expansion and failure of products containing the ash; these metals must be removed before the ash is utilized. The size distribution and the chemical speciation of metals in the bottom ash from two Chinese MSWI plants were examined in this study, and the recovery potential of metals from the ash was evaluated. The metal concentrations in these bottom ashes were lower than that generated in other developed countries. Specifically, the contents of Al,Fe, Cu and Zn were 18.9–29.2, 25.5–32.3, 0.7–1.0 and 1.6–2.5 g/kg, respectively. Moreover,44.9–57.0 wt.% of Al and 55.6–75.4 wt.% of Fe were distributed in bottom ash particles smaller than 5 mm. Similarly, 46.6–79.7 wt.% of Cu and 42.9–74.2 wt.% of Zn were concentrated in particles smaller than 3 mm. The Fe in the bottom ash mainly existed as hematite, and its chemical speciation was considered to limit the recovery efficiency of magnetic separation. | Yi Xia Pinjing He Liming Shao Hua Zhang | 2017 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2017，29，2： | 11 |
| 10 | Enhanced anaerobic digestion and sludge dewaterability by alkaline pretreatment and its mechanism显示文摘To investigate the influences of alkaline pretreatment on anaerobic digestion(AD) and sludge dewaterability after AD,waste activated sludge was adjusted to different pH values(8,9,10,11,12) and placed at ambient temperature for 24 hr.The samples were then adjusted to the initial pH and subjected to 25 days of AD.The results showed that,when compared with the control(pH 6.8),total suspended solids(TSS) and volatile suspended solids(VSS) reduction following pretreatment at pH 9-11 increased by 10.7%-13.1% and 6.5%-12.8%,respectively,while biogas production improved by 7.2%-15.4%.Additionally,significant enhancement of sludge dewaterability after AD occurred when pretreatment at pH 8-9 was conducted.The proteins and carbohydrates transferred from the pellet and tightly bound extracellular polymeric substances(TB-EPS) fractions to the slime and loosely bound EPS(LB-EPS) fractions after pretreatment and during the AD process,and the concentrations of proteins and carbohydrates in the slime fraction had a good linear relationship with the normalized capillary suction time(CST).During the AD process,the normalized CST was positively correlated with the organic materials in the loosely bound fraction of the sludge matrix(R 2 0.700,p < 0.01),while it was negatively correlated with the organic materials in the tightly bound fraction(R 2 0.702,p < 0.01).These results suggest that alkaline pretreatment could break the EPS matrix and release inner organic materials,thus influencing the efficiency of the AD process and dewaterability after AD. | Liming Shao Xiaoyi Wang Huacheng Xu Pinjing He | 2012 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2012，24，10： | 10 |
| 11 | Biodrying of municipal solid waste with high water content by combined hydrolytic-aerobic technology显示文摘The high water content of municipal solid waste(MSW)will reduce the effciency of mechanical sorting,consequently unfavorable for beneficial utilization.In this study,a combined hydrolytic-aerobic biodrying technology was introduced to remove water from MSW.The total water removals were proved to depend on the ventilation frequency and the temporal span in the hydrolytic stage. The ventilation frequency of 6 times/d was preferable in the hydrolytic stage.The hydrolytic span should not be prolonged more than 4 d.At this optimal scenario,the final water content was 50.5%reduced from the initial water content of 72.0%,presenting a high water removal effciency up to 78.5%.A positive correlation was observed between the organics losses and the water losses in both hydrolytic and aerobic stages(R=0.944,p<0.01).The evolutions of extracellular enzyme activities were shown to be consistent with the organics losses. | ZHANG, Dongqing HE, Pinjing SHAO, Liming JIN, Taifeng HAN, Jingyao | 2008 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2008，20，12： | 10 |
| 12 | Enzyme extraction by ultrasound from sludge flocs显示文摘Enzymes play essential roles in the biological processes of sludge treatment.In this article,the ultrasound method to extract enzymes from sludge flocs was presented.Results showed that using ultrasound method at 20 kHz could extract more types of enzymes than that at 40 kHz and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid(EDTA) methods.The optimum parameters of ultrasound extraction at 20 kHz were duration of 10 min and intensity of 552 W/g TSS.Under the optimum condition,ultrasound could break the cells and extract both the extracellular and a small part of intercellular enzymes.Ultrasound intensity was apparently more susceptive to enzyme extraction than duration,suggesting that the control of intensity during ultrasound extraction was more important than that of duration.The Pearson correlation analysis between enzyme activities and cation contents revealed that the different types of enzymes had distinct cation binding characteristics. | YU Guanghui,HE Pinjing,SHAO Liming,ZHU Yishu State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse,Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment,College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China. | 2009 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2009，21，2： | 8 |
| 13 | High-Resolution Genome-wide Association Study Identifies Genomic Regions and Candidate Genes for Important Agronomic Traits in Wheat显示文摘Wheat(Triticum aestivum)is a major staple food crop worldwide.Genetic dissection of important agronomic traits is essential for continuous improvement of wheat yield to meet the demand of the world's growing population.We conducted a large-scale genome-wide association study(GWAS)using a panel of 768 wheat cultivars that were genotyped with 327609 single-nucleotide polymorphisms generated by genotyping-by-sequencing and detected 395 quantitative trait loci(QTLs)for 12 traits under 7 environments.Among them,273 QTLs were delimited to≤1.0-Mb intervals and 7 of them are either known genes(Rht-D,Vrn-B1,and Vrn-D1)that have been cloned or known QTLs(TaGA2ox8,APO1,TaSus1-7B,and Rht12)that were previously mapped.Eight putative candidate genes were identified for three QTLs that enhance spike seed setting and grain size using gene expression data and were validated in three bi-parental populations.Protein sequence analysis identified 33 putative wheat orthologs that have high identity with rice genes in QTLs affecting similar traits.Large r^2 values for additive effects observed among the QTLs for most traits indicated that the phenotypes of these identified QTLs were highly predictable.Results from this study demonstrated that significantly increasing GWAS population size and marker density greatly improves detection and identification of candidate genes underlying a QTL,solidifying the foundation for large-scale QTL fine mapping,candidate gene validation,and developing functional markers for genomics-based breeding in wheat. | Yunlong Pang Chunxia Liu Danfeng Wang Paul St.Amand Amy Bernardo Wenhui Li Fang He Linzhi Li Liming Wang Xiufang Yuan Lei Dong Yu Su Huirui Zhang Meng Zhao Yunlong Liangi Hongze Jia Xitong Shen Yue Lu Hongming Jiang Yuye Wu Anfei Li Honggang Wang Lingrang Kong Guihua Bai Shubing Liu | 2020 | Molecular Plant2020，13，9： | 8 |
| 14 | Experimental study of rotating gliding arc discharge plasma-assisted combustion in an aero-engine combustion chamber显示文摘The combustion chamber is the core component of an aero-engine, and affects its reliability and security operation, even the performance of the aircraft. In this work, a Plasma-Assisted Combustion(PAC) test platform was developed to validate the feasibility of using PAC actuators to enhance annular combustor performance. Two plans of PAC(rotating gliding arc discharge plasma) were designed, Assisted Combustion from Primary Holes(ACPH) and Assisted Combustion from Dilution Holes(ACDH). Comparative experiments and analysis between conventional combustion and PAC were conducted to study the effects of ACPH and ACDH on the performances including average outlet temperature, combustion efficiency, pattern factor under four different excessive air coefficients(0.8, 1, 2, and 4), and lean blowout performance at different inlet airflow velocities. Experimental results show that the combustion efficiency is improved after PAC compared with that in normal conditions, and the combustion efficiency of ACPH increases2.45%, 1.49%, 1.04%, and 0.47%, while it increases 2.75%, 1.67%, 1.36%, and 0.36% under ACDH conditions. The uniformity of the outlet temperature field and the lean blowout performance are improved after PAC. Especially for ACPH, the widening of the lean blowout limit is8.3%, 12.4%, 12.8%, and 25% respectively when the inlet velocity ranges from 60 m/s to120 m/s. These results offer new perspectives for using PAC devices to enhance aero-engine combustors' performances. | Liming HE Yi CHEN Jun DENG Jianping LEI Li FEI Pengfei LIU | 2019 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2019，32，2： | 8 |
| 15 | Estimating source strengths of HCl and SO_2 emissions in the flue gas from waste incineration显示文摘HCl and SO_2 emission is one of the major concerns related to municipal solid waste incinerator(MSWI). In this study, a material flow analysis model was developed to estimate the HCl and SO_2 concentrations in the MSWI flue gases(FGs), and their concentrations in the full-scale MSWI were monitored. The calculated concentrations of HCl and SO_2 in the FG were 770–1300 mg/Nm^3 and 150–640 mg/Nm^3, respectively, in close agreement with the monitored values. More than 99% of Cl and 92% of S from the FG were captured into solid residues by the air pollution control(APC) systems. Moreover, since only 48.4%–67.5% of Cl and 21.3%–53.4% of S were transferred to the FG from the municipal solid waste(MSW), it was more reliable to estimate the source strengths and release amounts of HCl and SO_2 in the FG based on the amounts of Cl and S in the APC residues(AR) and exhaust gas rather than in the MSW. This simple method is easily applicable and the estimated results could provide scientific basis for the appropriate design and operation of the APC systems as well as corrosion control of heat recovery systems. | Hua Zhang Siyuan Yu Liming Shao Pinjing He | 2019 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2019，31，1： | 7 |
| 16 | Fate of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes in a full-scale restaurant food waste treatment plant:Implications of the roles beyond heavy metals and mobile genetic elements显示文摘Is our food safe and free of the crisis of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance (AR)?And will the derived food waste (FW) impose AR risk to the environment after biological treatment? This study used restaurant FW leachates flowing through a 200 tons-waste/day biological treatment plant as a window to investigate the fate of antibiotics and antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs) during the acceptance and treatment of FW.Sulfonamides (sulfamethazine,sulfamethoxazole) and quinolones (ciprofloxacin,enrofloxacin,ofloxacin) were detected during FW treatment,while tetracyclines,macrolides and chloramphenicols were not observable.ARGs encoding resistance to sulfonamides,tetracyclines and macrolides emerged in FW leachates.Material flow analysis illustrated that the total amount of antibiotics (except sulfamethazine) and ARGs were constant during FW treatment processes.Both the concentration and total amount of most antibiotics and ARGs fluctuated during treatment,physical processes (screening,centrifugation,solid-liquid and oil-water separation) did not decrease antibiotic or ARGs concentrations or total levels permanently;the affiliated wastewater treatment plant appeared to remove sulfonamides and most ARGs concentrations and total amount.Heavy metals Ni,Co and Cu were important for disseminating antibiotics concentrations and MGEs for distributing ARGs concentrations.Humic substances (fulvic acids,hydrophilic fractions),C-associated and N-associated contents were essential for the distribution of the total amounts of antibiotics and ARGs.Overall,this study implied that human food might not be free of antibiotics and ARGs,and FW was an underestimated AR pool with various determinants.Nonetheless,derived hazards of FW could be mitigated through biological treatment with well-planned daily operations. | Pinjing He Zhuofeng Yu Liming Shao Yizhou Zhou Fan Lü | 2019 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2019，31，11： | 7 |
| 17 | Developer social networks in software engineering:construction,analysis,and applications显示文摘With the increasing popularity of Internet,more and more developers are collaborating together for software development.During the collaboration,a lot of information related to software development,including communication and coordination information of developers,can be recorded in software repositories.The information can be employed to construct Developer Social Networks(DSNs)for facilitating tasks in software engineering.In this paper,we survey recent advances of DSNs and examine three fundamental steps of DSNs,namely construction,analysis,and applications.We summarize the state-of-the-art methods in the three steps and investigate the relationships among them.Furthermore,we discuss the main issues and point out the future opportunities in the study of DSNs. | ZHANG WeiQiang NIE LiMing JIANG He CHEN ZhenYu LIU Jia | 2014 | Science China(Information Sciences)2014，57，12： | 7 |
| 18 | Magnetic resonance imaging of artificial lumbar disks: safety and metal artifacts显示文摘这研究是调查二的安全的背景商业地可得到的腰部的人工的磁盘打字( CHARITE 和 PRODISC -L)在磁性的回声成像( MRI )期间在一个1.5泰斯拉先生系统的过程,并且为不同 sequences.Methods 想象在 MR 上评估金属人工制品的尺寸 A 1.5泰斯拉临床的先生成像系统被使用。二个人工的磁盘的终板的偏转的度被一台角度测量仪器在 MRI 扫描仪的门评估。收音机频率(RF ) 的加热效果磁场被在在 L5/S1 intervertebral 圆盘地点与一个人工的腰部的磁盘植入的一具人的死尸上使用“最坏”的成像序列评估。邻近 implant 的织物,并且 L4/L5 intervertebral 圆盘的温度(用作控制) 分别地,在 MRI 扫描顺序前后用一个数字探查温度计被测量。一个矩形的水幽灵被设计在在静态的先生域下面的 implants 的终板的最大的偏转角度是的不同先生成像 sequences.Results 下面评估这二个人工的磁盘的金属人工制品 7.5 和 6.0 度,为 CHARITE 和 PRODISC -L, 分别地。邻近人工的磁盘的二种类型的织物的温度上升和 L4/L5 控制地点的温度上升之间的差别分别地是 0.4 和 0.6。 TSE ( T1/T2-weighted )的图象上的金属人工制品的尺寸,搅动并且涡轮黑暗液体序列是相对不到那些 TSE 脂肪浸透,闪光和 SE (T1加权) sequences.Conclusions CHARITE 和人工的圆盘不介绍的 PRODISC -L 另外的危险或风险到用与 1.5T 的一个静态的磁场操作的一台扫描仪经历一个 MRI 过程的一个病人或更低。如果兴趣的解剖区域在或在在哪儿的区域附近,从 implants 的图象人工制品可以导致问题这些植入被定位(例如,在影响片断的脊椎的运河) 。 | YANG Chang-wei LIU Liu WANG Jian DONG Ai-sheng LU Jian-ping HE Shi-sheng LIMing | 2009 | Chinese Medical Journal2009，，8： | 6 |
| 19 | Importance of storage time in mesophilic anaerobic digestion of food waste显示文摘Storage was used as a pretreatment to enhance the methanization performance of mesophilic anaerobic digestion of food waste. Food wastes were separately stored for 0, 1,2, 3, 4, 5, 7, and 12 days, and then fed into a methanogenic reactor for a biochemical methane potential(BMP) test lasting up to 60 days. Relative to the methane production of food waste stored for 0–1 day(285–308 m L/g-added volatile solids(VSadded)), that after2–4 days and after 5–12 days of storage increased to 418–530 and 618–696 m L/g-VSadded,respectively. The efficiency of hydrolysis and acidification of pre-stored food waste in the methanization reactors increased with storage time. The characteristics of stored waste suggest that methane production was not correlated with the total hydrolysis efficiency of organics in pre-stored food waste but was positively correlated with the storage time and acidification level of the waste. From the results, we recommend 5–7 days of storage of food waste in anaerobic digestion treatment plants. | Fan Lü Xian Xu Liming Shao Pinjing He | 2016 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2016，28，7： | 6 |
| 20 | Effects of activated sludge flocs and pellets seeds on aerobic granule properties显示文摘Aerobic granules seeded with activated sludge flocs and pellets (obtained from activated sludge flocs) were cultivated in two sequencing batch reactors and their characteristics were compared. Compared with granules seeded with activated sludge flocs, those seeded with pellets had shorter start-up time, larger diameter, better chemical oxygen demand removal efficiency, and higher hydrophobicity, suspended solid concentration, and Mg 2+ content. The different inocula led the granule surface with different microbial morphologies, but did not result in different distribution patterns of extracellular polymeric substances and cells. The anaerobic bacterium Anoxybacillus sp. was detected in the granules seeded with pellets. These results highlighted the advantage of pellet over activated sludge floc as the seed for aerobic granulation and wastewater treatment. | Huacheng Xu Pinjing He Guanzhao Wang Liming Shao | 2011 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2011，23，4： | 6 |
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